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    山西省朔州市2022-2023学年八年级下学期7月期末数学试题(含答案)

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    山西省朔州市2022-2023学年八年级下学期7月期末数学试题(含答案)

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    这是一份山西省朔州市2022-2023学年八年级下学期7月期末数学试题(含答案),共14页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分,考试结束后将答题卡交回,5秒等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    20222023学年度下学期期末八年级学情调研测试题数学注意事项1.本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分.全卷共8满分120考试时间120分钟.2.答题前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置.3.答题全部在答题卡上完成答在本试卷上无效.4.考试结束后将答题卡交回.I卷选择题30一、选择题本大题共10个小题每小题330分.在每个小题给出的四个选项中只有一项符合题目要求请选出并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.1.二次根式的取值范围是    A B C D2.某学校新教师招聘中七位评委独立给出分数得到一列数.若去掉一个最高分和一个最低分得到一列新数那么这两列数的相关统计量中一定相等的是    A.众数 B.中位数 C.方差 D.平均数3.下列二次根式中最简二次根式是    A B C D4.对于函数下列结论正确的是    A.它的图象必经过点 B.它的图象经过第一、二、三象限C.当  D的值随值的增大而增大5.如图学校门口的伸缩门在伸缩的过程中会出现不少菱形.某一时刻测得菱形的对角线则这个菱形的面积为    A B C D6.甲乙两人在一次百米赛跑中路程与时间的关系如图所示下列说法正确的是    A.乙先到达终点  B.甲比乙晩到05C.甲在这次赛跑中的平均速度为8/ D.乙在这次赛跑中的平均速度为8/7.如图是四边形的对角线则四边形的面积等于    A B C D8.如图边上一点边上一点四边形为矩形的度数是    A B C D9.如图分别是边的中点是线段上的一点.连接的长是    A B1 C  D210.如图在平面直角坐标系中矩形的点和点分别落在轴和轴正半轴上直线经过点将直线向下平移个单位若直线可将矩形的面积平分的值为    A11 B9 C6 D5II卷非选择题90二、填空题本大题共5个小题每小题315分.11.已知长方形的面积为相邻两边分别为已知的长为______12.学校为提升教职工的身体素质开展了放飞心情,健行健康为主题的健步走活动李老师用计步器记录自己一个月30每天走的步数并绘制成如下统计表步数万步1112131415天数2310123在每天所走的步数这组数据中众数是______万步.13.如图每个小正方形的边长为的顶点都在小正方形的顶点上其中最长边等于______14.如图一个小球由静止开始沿一个斜坡向下滚动其速度每秒增加.根据小球速度单位关于时间单位的函数关系时小球的速度为______15.如图在边于点于点.若的长为______三、解答题本大题共8个小题75分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤16每小题5101)计算:2)计算:17本题7如图四边形的中点.求证四边形是菱形.18本题8根据山西省教育厅2023年度基础教育领域重点工作推进会要求扎实推进建设100所公办幼儿园任务落实某地计划要在如图所示的直线新建一所幼儿园该区域有两个小区所在的位置在点和点AB.已知求该幼儿园应该建在距点为多少可以使两个小区到幼儿园的距离相等.19本题8春种一粒粟,秋收万颗子唐代诗人李绅这句诗中的即谷子去皮后则称为小米),被誉为中华民族的哺育作物.我省有着小杂粮王国的美誉谷子是我省杂粮谷物中的大类.某小米经销商要将规格相同的1000袋小米运往ABC三地销售要求运往C地的袋数是运往A地袋数的3各地的运费如下表所示运往地运费/2010151)设运往地的小米(袋),总运费为(元),试写出的函数关系式;2)若总运费不超过15000元,最多可运往A地小米多少袋?20本题9学校举办纪念五四运动104周年暨青春心向党,建功新时代演讲比赛.同学们用青春的声音和故事激扬五四精神彰显青春风采展现拼搏风貌深情地演绎了对党和祖国的热爱之情.初赛阶段两个年级各10名选手的成绩统计如下七年级98 96 86 85 84 94 77 69 59 94八年级99 96 73 82 96 79 65 96 55 96他们的数据分析过程如下1)整理、描述数据:根据上面得到的两组数据,分别绘制频数分布直方图如图:请补全八年级频数分布直方图2)数据分析:两组数据的平均数、中位数、方差如表所示:年级平均数中位数方差七年级85514436八年级83725121根据以上数据求出表格中两处的数据3推断结论根据以上信息判断哪个年级比赛成绩整体较好说明理由至少从两个不同角度说明判断的合理性21本题8请阅读下列材料并完成相应的任务运用坐标法解决几何问题数学知识之间是相互联系的有些几何问题可以运用坐标法解决.其步骤是首先根据图形特点在平面上建立坐标系然后运用函数或方程知识研究几何图形最后把图形性质用几何语言叙述从而得到原先几何问题的答案.例题2021年山西中考如图的角平分线用你所学的知识求线段的长.如图为坐标原点所在的直线为建立平面直角坐标系.的角平分线设直线的函数表达式为解得线段的长为3通过这个问题的解答我们发现用坐标法解决几何问题关键是根据图形特点建立适当的坐标系.任务请用坐标法解答下面问题如图已知正方形的延长线上连接相交于点连接于点的长.22本题12综合与实践操作发现如图1纸片中于点第一步将一张与其全等的纸片沿剪开第二步在同一平面内将所得的两个三角形拼在一起.如图2所示这两个三角形分别记为第三步分别延长相交于点1)求证:四边形是正方形;拓广探索2)如图3,连接分别交于点,在四边形外作,使得,判断线段之间的数量关系,并说明理由.23本题13如图在平面直角坐标系中为正方形的两个顶点在第一象限.1)求点的坐标;2)求直线的函数表达式;3)在直线上是否存在点,使为等腰三角形?若存在,请直接写出点的坐标;若不存在,说明理由.20222023学年度第二学期期末八年级学情调研测试题数学参考答案与评分标准一、选择题题号12345678910答案ABBCCDADBA二、填空题 11       1214         13         149         151三、解答题16.解:(1原式=···········································4            =···················································52)原式=··················································8         =······················································9         =·····················································1017.证明EBC中点························································2四边形ADCE是平行四边····································5四边形ADCE是菱·········································718由题意······································1························································2························································3························································4························································5解得······················································7答:该幼儿园E应该建在距点A1km处,可以使两个小区到幼儿园的距离相等19 :(1根据题意···································3··························································42························································6解得······················································7总运费不超过15000最多可运往A地小米200袋.··················820:(1请补全八年级频数分布直方图 2表格中对应的数据为···························································4表格中对应的数据是········································63)七年级比赛成绩整体较好··································7理由七年级成绩的平均数大于八年级说明七年级的平均成绩好于八年级七年级成绩的方差小于八年级说明七年级同学的成绩波动小故七年级比赛成绩整体较好.              921方法不唯一例如O为坐标原点垂直AB的直线为x垂直AD的直线为y建立直角坐标系              1正方形ABCD的边长为8 E8,-4···························2设直线OE解析式为························3E8,-4代入8k=4解得···································5直线OE的函数表达式为···················6H4,-2······················7221证明根据剪拼过程可知····························································1························································2························································3四边形AEGF是矩·········································4四边形AEGF是正方形·······································52······················································6理由连接NH1可得四边形AEGF是正方形AFHAEM·································8 ·······················································9 ·······················································10AMNAHN························································1123:(1D轴于点E四边形ABCD是正方形·····························1······························2······························3DAEABO························································4D47················································52)过点C轴于点F同上可证得 C73················································6设直线BC的函数表达式为 kb为常数)代入B30),C73), 解方程组·················································8························································93在直线BC上存在点P,使PCD为等腰三角形 P的坐标为(30)或(116

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