新高考2024版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习21语法填空+阅读理解

这是一份新高考2024版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习21语法填空+阅读理解，共6页。试卷主要包含了________ 等内容，欢迎下载使用。

A visually­challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi'an, as a first step 1.________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft.
On the 1，100­kilmeter jurney, the man Ca Shengkang, 2.________ lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident, crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvinces. Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin 3.________ (hld) in Beijing, Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute (致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad. 4.________ friend f his, Wu Fan, vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
Ca and Wu als cllected garbage alng the rad, in rder t prmte envirnmental 5.________ (prtect). Ca believes this will make the hiking trip even mre 6.________ (meaning). The tw f them cllected mre than 1，000 plastic bttles alng the 40­day jurney.
In the last five years, Ca 7.________ (walk) thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents, and in 2016, he reached the tp f Kilimanjar, Africa's 8.________ (high) muntain.
Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute. He flew 4，700 kilmeters 9.________ Xi'an t Kashgar n Sept. 20, 10.________ (plan) t hike back t Xi'an in five mnths.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
The Right Electric Bike fr Yu
The bicycle fever is back, but this time it has gne electric. Accrding t NPD Grup which tracks the bicycle industry, electric bike sales have mre than dubled since 2019. And their ppularity is still n the rise. Cnfirm yur need and pick the electric bike that's best fr yu.
1.Which magazine is this text prbably taken frm?
A．TechlifeNews.
B．Muscle&Fitness.
C．HwItWrks.
D．CnsumerReprts.
2．Which is mst suitable fr smene wh wants t challenge lng­range turs?
A．Swagtrn EB5. B．Specialized Turb.
C．RadWagn 4. D．Ancheer EM.
3．What can we learn abut the electric bikes?
A．Designs f electric bikes are based n travel purpses.
B．Electric bikes are mre ppular than cnventinal bikes.
C．Riders f these electric bikes put speed in the first place.
D．The trend f electric bikes replacing cars can't be prevented.
B
Transprt is underging a massive transfrmatin s it can meet sciety's demands fr a lw­carbn ecnmy. Intrducing electric vehicles (EVs) and reducing gasline use are helping, but zer­carbn hydrgen can speed up bth the transitin (转变) and lng­term decarbnizatin f transprt.
In the US, transprtatin prduces the largest share f all greenhuse gas emissins (排放) in the ecnmy at 29%, accrding t the Envirnmental Prtectin Agency. Mre than 90% f transprt fuel is petrl­based, but if mre vehicles used hydrgen, emissins f this kind wuld plummet．
Hwever, hydrgen is nt cnsidered an ideal replacement fr gasline as an engine fuel fr cars because it is harder t stre safely. And while fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) that turn hydrgen int electricity can cmpete with EVs in perfrmance—and even utcmpete them n the range and refill time, extra energy is needed t prduce the hydrgen needed fr fuel. Als, finding investment fr strage, pipelines and fuel statins is still a challenge fr many natins.
Currently, gvernments wrldwide are backing green hydrgen prjects t reduce greenhuse gas emissins in heavy industries like freight (货运), steel, and energy strage. But hydrgen transprt will need rapid prductin methds t create the fuel needed fr the wrld's rad fleet.
Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanscale (纳米的) thin films are applied t imprving the chemical prcess t rapidly harvest hydrgen frm the sea water. The same technlgy has been successfully used in slar pwer devices. Since hydrgen is the mst abundant element in the universe and as sea water makes up abut 96% f all water n Earth, there is a virtually limitless supply.
Even wastewater and slid waste can create green hydrgen. Researchers at Princetn University are using sunlight t separate hydrgen frm industrial wastewater. Chemical plants that currently face high csts fr cleaning wastewater culd transfrm it int clean hydrgen supplies.
4．What des the underlined wrd “plummet” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Stp. B．Decrease.
C．Cntinue. D．Disappear.
5．What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．Ways f string hydrgen safely.
B．Benefits f fuel cell electric vehicles.
C．Challenges f using hydrgen as car fuel.
D．Differences between gasline and hydrgen.
6．What makes it mre efficient t get hydrgen frm the cean?
A．The applicatin f slar pwer devices.
B．The methd f identifying water elements.
C．The inventin f the water transprt system.
D．The use f the nanscale thin­film technlgy.
7．Which f the fllwing can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Clean Energy Hydrgen Ready t Take Off
B．Traditinal Fuels Bund t Reach a Dead End
C．Hw We Can Generate Energy frm Hydrgen
D.What the Future f Transprtatin May Be like
黄金考点
语法填空——代词
练习21 语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
1．答案与解析：t jurney 考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，jurney为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填t jurney。
2．答案与解析：wh 考查定语从句。句意：在1 100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Ca Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh引导。故填wh。
3．答案与解析：held 考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹盛康决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hld应用非谓语动词形式，hld与cperatin之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。
4．答案与解析：A 考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。
5．答案与解析：prtectin 考查名词。句意：曹盛康和吴凡还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词envirnmental可知，此处应用名词prtectin，作宾语，prtectin表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填prtectin。
6．答案与解析：meaningful 考查形容词。句意：曹盛康认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
7．答案与解析：has walked 考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹盛康穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Ca为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。
8．答案与解析：highest 考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹盛康穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa's可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
9．答案与解析：frm 考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4 700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi'an t Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词frm，固定搭配表示“从……到……”。故填frm。
10．答案与解析：planning 考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4 700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了四款不同类型的电动自行车。
1．答案与解析：D 理解文章出处。根据首段“Cnfirm yur need and pick the electric bike that's best fr yu”可知，这篇文章是根据消费者的实际需求，分别从车型，功能和适用人群进行详细客观的介绍，其根本目的是帮助消费者选择最适合的电动自行车，由此可推断出这篇文章可能来自《消费者报告》，故D项正确。
2．答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。根据Specialized Turb部分中的“Riders wh are eager fr mre challenging cycling r want t extend the riding distance”可知，这款车型适合渴望更具挑战性的骑行或想要延长骑行距离的骑行者，故B项正确。
3．答案与解析：A 推断。根据首段中的“Cnfirm yur 's best fr yu”以及“WHAT'S IT FOR？”栏目中的内容可推断，电动自行车是基于出行目的设计的，且B、C、D三项中的内容在文章中均未提及，故选A项。
B
【语篇解读】 零碳氢可以加速交通运输的转型和长期脱碳，以满足社会对低碳经济的需求。然而，氢气较难安全储存。值得庆幸的是，研究一直在进步。
4．答案与解析：B 理解词汇。第一段提到零碳氢可以加速交通运输的转型和长期脱碳以满足社会对低碳经济的需求。第二段第一句提到，在美国，交通运输导致的温室气体的排放份额最大，由此可推知，画线词所在句表示“如果更多的车辆使用氢气，温室气体的排放量将会大幅下降”，故画线词意为“下降”，与B项的含义最为接近。
5．答案与解析：C 理解段落主旨要义。本段首句“Hwever, hydrgen is nt cnsidered an ideal replacement fr gasline as an engine fuel fr cars because it is harder t stre safely”是该段的主题句，表示氢气由于较难安全储存，所以并不被认为是作为汽车发动机燃料的汽油的理想替代品，即本段主要讲述使用氢气作为汽车燃料的挑战，故选C。
6．答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。明题意：本题问“什么使得从海洋中获取氢气更有效？”→寻线索：根据倒数第二段的“Nanscale (纳米的) thin films are applied t imprving the chemical prcess t rapidly harvest hydrgen frm the sea water”可知，纳米薄膜被应用于改善化学过程，以快速从海水中获取氢气→定答案：由此可知，纳米级薄膜技术的使用使得从海洋中获取氢气更有效，故选D。
7．答案与解析：A 理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了氢气作为一种新型的清洁能源有望替代汽油作为发动机的燃料，以满足社会对低碳经济的需求。综合各选项可知，选项A最适合作本文标题。
2022·全国甲卷
记叙文
188词
★★☆☆☆
2023·南京、盐城高三模拟
应用文
259词
★★☆☆☆
MODEL
WHAT'S IT FOR？
Swagtrn EB5
◆Such e­bikes are designed t make shrt trips, adding t the rider's cmfrt and ability t see. The electric assistance allws yu t travel easily and cmfrtably.
WHO'S IT FOR？
◆Thse lking fr alternatives t driving arund the twn. They're lighter than mst mtrcycles, making them perfect fr carrying grceries and laptps.
Specialized Turb
WHAT'S IT FOR？
◆These e­bikes use the same light structure and narrw wheels as cnventinal turing bikes. The electric mtr makes it pssible t cver lnger distances.
WHO'S IT FOR？
◆Riders wh are eager fr mre challenging cycling r want t extend the riding distance. The riding psitin may discurage thse with back r neck pain.
RadWagn 4
WHAT'S IT FOR？
◆With strng structure and fat wheels, they transprt relatively heavy lads, which can be equipped with a seat r rack (支架).
WHO'S IT FOR？
◆Anyne wh wuld prefer t transprt large lads f grceries r packages (r even small kids) with smething ther than a car.
Ancheer EM
WHAT'S IT FOR？
◆With strnger structure, bigger wheels, and suspensin systems that absrb the impact f rugh rides, they can handle rugh landscapes.
WHO'S IT FOR？
◆Smene wh wants t experience the excitement f riding dwn dirt tracks but als wants a bit f help frm an electric mtr.
2023·合肥高三质检
说明文
337词
★★☆☆☆
考点27
根据上下文逻辑推判代词形式
考例
They wuld say t ________ (I) that playing card games wuld help my brain. Still I was unwilling t play the game with them smetimes.
点拨
根据句意和后边的关键词t和提示词I可知，表示“我”，再根据介词t应填me。
考点28
根据上下文判断代词的形式
考例
I had dne ________ (mine) hmewrk, but I was shy.
点拨
修饰名词hmewrk作定语，应用形容词性物主代词my来修饰。
考点29
动词短语固定用法
考例
But she insists n us ________ (eat) healthy fd.
点拨
由语境可知，是母亲关心家里的每个人的健康，坚持要我们吃健康的食物。insist n sb. ding sth.或insist n sb's ding sth.是固定用法，故应填eating。