上海高考英语写作分类训练：应用文

这是一份上海高考英语写作分类训练：应用文，共15页。试卷主要包含了Directins，假设你是明启中学的学生王华等内容，欢迎下载使用。
应用文
1．Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
高中学习生活快一年了，请你给自己的英语老师写一封电子邮件，谈谈你学习高中英语新教材的体会。你的文章必须包括:
●简单介绍新教材中你最喜欢的一篇语篇的主要内容
●分享你认为自己学习该语篇时最得意的一点收获
（文中不要出现真实姓名和学校名称）
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．假设你是明启中学的学生王华。最近，你校试行在午间播放音乐，同学们对此看法不一。大多数同学赞同，但也 有部分同学反对。请你根据表格中提供的信息，给校长写封信，客观地介绍大家的看法。

对午间播放音乐的看法
赞成的理由
使午间生活丰富多彩，缓解压力，音乐可以带给学生快乐等。
反对的理由
午间时间短，播放音乐不起作用，安静休息有利于课上集中精力等。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高一学生李明，最近你校英语报正在开展"The electronic device that I must take while travelling"的征文活动。
你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章，内容须包括：
1）你在旅游途中一定携带的电子设备；
2）你的理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是某电视台青少年教育类节目主持人，现在有机会可以采访下列三位名人中的某一人，你会选择采访谁？你会问些什么问题？为什么？
中国女排教练：郎平 Jane Lang
流行乐歌手：周杰伦 Jay Chou
诺贝尔文学奖获得者：莫言 Mo Yan
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学高三学生李华，你所在的学校将举行英语演讲比赛，学生会面向全体学生招募主持人。你的同班同学王海具有主持人天赋，他想竞聘但又很犹豫。请你写一份邮件给王海，鼓励他努力获得该机会。内容需包括：
1.王海的困惑和你的看法；
2.王海胜任的理由；
3.王海参加此活动的意义。
146．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的学生王磊，你校准备开设名为《劳动与生活》或《机器人编程》的选修课程，并在校园网征求学生意见，请写一封邮件给校方，内容必须包括：
1．你感兴趣的课程；
2．你期望在这门课程中学到什么；
3. 为什么想学这些内容。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
你是明启中学高三学生李华，你的好友王磊因疫情导致留学英国的计划受到影响。他打算在间隔年（gap year）期间，去作志愿者或国内旅游，积累生活阅历。但是王磊父母不支持他的决定。请你写一封邮件给王磊，分享你的看法并说明理由。
注：间隔年常指升学或毕业之后工作之前，做一次长期的旅行、实习或作志愿者工作。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是李华，你们学校将为学生开设一系列微课程，每人可以选择其中的一项参加课程包括“文学欣赏”（Literature Appreciation）、“厨艺”（Cooking Skills）和“野外生存”（Wilderness Survival Skills）。你在英国留学的表哥Wilson很关心你这次课程的选择。请你写E-mail给他，说说你选择的结果，并简要谈谈你这样选择的理由。
9．Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
在成长过程中，人们常会被贴上各种标签，如“乖巧听话”（obedient）、“有个性”（cool）、“书呆子”（a nerd/geek）、“00后”（post-millennials）等。校报特辟专栏对此进行讨论，请以李华为名投稿，内容需包括：
1.描述自己或他人曾经被贴过的标签；
2.你对“贴标签”（labelling）的看法。
10．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
某英文网站正举办征文活动，题目是The Most Useful Skill I Have Ever Learned，请以此写一篇征文。你的文章必须包括:
这项技能是什么？你是通过什么方式学会的？
举例说明为什么你觉得它最有用。
(注:文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________












1．Dear Miss Li,
How time flies! It has been nearly a year since I came to study in high school. I would like to share with you my experience in learning the new English textbooks for high school.  
The text content of the new textbook is novel, and close to the lives of young people. One of my favorite texts is“why do we celebrate festivals”, in which the author mainly introduces different origins of festivals and some festival customs have changed with the passage of time.
I gained a lot while studying this article. I not only learned a lot about festivals that I didn't know before, but also learned a new kind of grammar- the usage of participles.
Thank you for your care and help in the past year. I wish you a happy life and smooth work.  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sincerely yours,
Lihua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文， 高中学习生活快一年了，请你给自己的英语老师写一封电子邮件，谈谈你学习高中英语新教材的体会。
【详解】词汇积累
课文：text→passage
新颖的：novel→fresh
最喜欢的：favorite→best-loved
收获： gain→harvest
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The text content of the new textbook is novel, and close to the lives of young people.
拓展句：The text content of the new textbook which is novel is close to the lives of young people.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It has been nearly a year since I came to study in high school.  (运用了since引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] One of my favorite texts is “why do we celebrate festivals” ,  in which the author mainly introduces different origins of festivals and some festival customs have changed with the passage of time. (运用了in which引导的非限制性定语从句)
2．Dear Mr. Smith,
As a monitor, I think I should say something about the practice of playing music during the class break in our school.
Some of us agree with the idea that music or songs should be played during the break, because they think music can produce a lively and happy atmosphere and bring us relaxation, which reduces the tiredness of study. Besides, listening to music makes us happy and is a great enjoyment. However, some others hold a different opinion that music during the break will have a bad effect on their rest as it is too noisy. What’s worse, some students are still lost in the music they have heard during the short break, which does harm to their studies.
Yours sincerely,
LI Hua
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。假设你是明启中学的学生王华。最近，你校试行在午间播放音乐，同学们对此看法不一。大多数同学赞同，但也有部分同学反对。请你根据表格中提供的信息，给校长写封信，客观地介绍大家的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
减少：reduce→go down→bring down
更糟糕：what’s worse→worse still
真诚地：sincerely→truly
沉迷于，专心于：be lost in→be absorbed in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：What’s worse, some students are still lost in the music they have heard during the short break, which does harm to their studies.
拓展句：What’s worse, some students are still absorbed in the music they have heard during the short break, which is harmful to their studies.
【点睛】[高分句型1 ] Some of us agree with the idea that music or songs should be played during the break, because they think music can produce a lively and happy atmosphere and bring us relaxation, which reduces the tiredness of study.句中使用because引导的原因状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句。
[高分句型2 ] However, some others hold a different opinion that music during the break will have a bad effect on their rest as it is too noisy.句中使用that引导的同位语从句。
3．Nowadays, with the rapid development of electronic technology, our travel journey is becoming more and more colorful. Electronic devices like computers, cellphones, and iPads are filling our time on high-speed trains or planes. Personally, there is another electronic device that I will definitely take with me on the road, and that is power bank.
Firstly, power bank is small in size and can be carried around. Today more and more people prefer to take photos with mobile phones instead of cameras because it is important to be lightly equipped when travelling, so power bank can help avoid the embarrassing moment when they want to record good moments but their phones suddenly run out of power. Power bank is clearly a portable and versatile electronic device.
Secondly, for long distance travel, power bank can charge my mobile phone in time so as to avoid not replying to messages timely due to the sudden death of the battery. I remember once when I was on the train to Nanjing, my mobile phone was almost out of power when I was about to arrive at the station. Fortunately, the power bank I carried was a timely help, otherwise I might not be able to contact my friend in Nanjing to pick me up. Therefore, power bank is an electronic device that I will carry with me no matter I am traveling or going out.
Finally, the security of power bank is trustworthy. The current power bank generally has the functions of charge control, charge protection and discharge protection, so when charging our mobile phones or iPads, we don't need to worry about excessive charging. In addition, the current power bank capacity is high, which means it can charge different electronic devices at the same time.
For me, power bank is one of the greatest inventions in the age of science and technology. I feel more secure and convenient when traveling with it.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于夹叙夹议文，要求假设你是明启中学高一学生李明，最近你校英语报正在开展"The electronic device that I must take while travelling"的征文活动。你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章，内容须包括：1）你在旅游途中一定携带的电子设备；2）你的理由。
【详解】词汇积累
有趣的：colorful→interesting
就我个人而言：personally→as far as I’m concerned
避免：avoid→prevent…from
可靠的：trustworthy→reliable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Nowadays, with the rapid development of electronic technology, our travel journey is becoming more and more colorful.
拓展句：Now, electronic technology has developed，which makes our travel journey become more and more colorful.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Personally, there is another electronic device that I will definitely take with me on the road, and that is power bank. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] In addition, the current power bank capacity is high, which means it can charge different electronic devices at the same time.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
4．If I am the host of an educational program for teenagers, I will invite Jay Chou to be our guest and interview him instead of Jane Lang and Mo Yan. He is very popular with teenagers.
The reasons for my choice are as follows.
First of all, questions about how to overcome difficulties will be raised. As we all know, Jay Chou was not a successful figure when he released his songs for the first time. Like many ordinary people, he struggled, sought for jobs and felt frustrated. However, with his passion for music and hard work, he was discovered by many celebrities and started a different life. So I think he can give us many useful suggestions on how to undergo difficulties and overcome obstacles and share his lessons with us.
Then I would like to ask for some suggestions about how to deal with social problems. We teenagers are about to step into our society and it is inevitable for us to be faced with sensitive affairs. With his patience, wisdom and thoughtfulness, Jay Chou has smoothly solved a recent issue between a writer and him, which is very tough and thorny. I think teenagers can learn a lot from his experiences and be more capable of solving social problems.
In conclusion, as a successful and well-named celebrity, Jay Chou is a good choice/candidate to interview.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文。假如你是某电视台青少年教育类节目主持人，现在有机会可以采访三位名人中的某一位，他们是中国女排教练郎平、流行音乐歌手周杰伦和诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言，那么你会选择采访谁？你会问些什么问题？为什么？按照这三个问题作为内容提示来写作。
【详解】1.词汇积累
经历：experience→ undergo/go through
沮丧的：upset→frustrated/discouraged
名人：famous people→ celebrity
困难的：difficult →tough/ thorny/challenging  
能够：can→be capable of/be able to
总而言之：in a word →in conclusion/generally speaking/all in all/above all
2.句式拓展
简单句改为复合句：
原句：So I think he can give us many useful suggestions on how to undergo difficulties and overcome obstacles and share his lessons with us.
拓展句：That’s why I think he can give us many useful suggestions on how to undergo difficulties and overcome obstacles and share his lessons with us.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As we all know, Jay Chou was not a successful figure when he released his songs for the first time.（该复合句中使用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，as we (all) know：众所周知）
[高分句型2] With his patience, wisdom and thoughtfulness, Jay Chou has smoothly solved a recent issue between a writer and him, which is very tough and thorny.（该复合句中使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代的是issue）
[高分句型3] In conclusion, as a successful and well-named celebrity, Jay Chou is a good choice/candidate to interview.（该句子中使用了“主语（Jay Chou）+be+形容词/名词+to do”的句型，在这里该句型表示被动意义，主语（Jay Chou）承受interview的动作）
5．Dear Wanghai,
      I’ve heard that you are hesitating to compete the host for an English speech contest which is going to be held at our school. I think you should muster up your courage to take a chance.
      The most important reason is that you have the talent of host. You are full of enthusiasm, and I believe it is essential for this competition. At the same time, you have good lungs and always speak in clarity and fluency. What’s more, doing well in oral English also makes you more suitable for it. Last but not least, you are well experienced in hosting which a solid background for this competition.
      So just have a try. It can not only give you an opportunity to show yourself but also your thoughts about your school. I’ll be there for you if you have any questions.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给同学王海写封邮件，鼓励他努力竞聘英语演讲比赛主持人。
【详解】1.词汇积累
竞选：run for→compete
比赛：game→contest
合适的：fit→suitable
尝试：give it a try = have a try
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：You are full of enthusiasm, and I believe it is essential for this competition.
拓展句：You are full of enthusiasm, which is essential for this competition.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’ve heard that you are hesitating to compete the host for an English speech contest which is going to be held at our school. (运用了which引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] What’s more, doing well in oral English also makes you more suitable for it. (运用了动名词作主语)
6．Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m more than delighted to hear the news that option courses named Robot Programming as well as Labor and Life will be available. From where I stand, compared with Labor and Life, Robot Programming interests me better, because I’m interested in programming and it’s promising.
For the course, I hope it can offer more chances for students to write codes on robots and communicate more with the students in other schools. I’m eager to learn some basic knowledge about design of robots and more programming languages, which is beneficial to my future career. I plan to be a professional programmer who can design more intelligent robots that can make our life more convenient.
That’s my opinion and I do hope my view will be of some help.
【分析】本文属于应用文，要求就即将开设的选修课程表达自己的意见。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：happy→ delighted
在我看来：in my opinion→ from where I stand
有益的：helpful→ beneficial
渴望：want to do→ be eager to do
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I’m eager to learn some basic knowledge about design of robots and more programming languages, which is beneficial to my future career. I plan to be a professional programmer who can design more intelligent robots that can make our life more convenient.
拓展句：I’m eager to learn some basic knowledge about design of robots and more programming languages, which is beneficial to my future career, for I plan to be a professional programmer who can design more intelligent robots that can make our life more convenient.
【点睛】[高分句型1] From where I stand, compared with Labor and Life, Robot Programming interests me better, because I’m interested in programming and it’s promising.(过去分词作状语)
[高分句型2] I’m eager to learn some basic knowledge about design of robots and more programming languages, which is beneficial to my future career.（非限制性定语从句的使用）
7．Dear Wang Lei,
    I hear that you plan to do some volunteer work or travel around the country during your gap year. But your parents don't support your decision.
I support your idea. The Gap Year will benefit us in many ways. Gap year is a good buffer to the graduates. We are students in school and severely lack experience of being out of school, and we have no idea how would it be if we enter the society without enough preparations. The gap year will help us make a sound choice of career.
No matter how you spend your gap year on travelling or volunteering, you will have special experience. You will learn how to socialize, and have the mind opened. You will grow up as an independent, confident, caring and matured person, which will help you to do better in job in the future.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给好友王磊写一封邮件，分享关于间隔年（gap year）期间该不该出去发表自己的看法并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
支持：support → in favor of
缺乏：lack sth.→ be lack of sth.
足够的：enough → adequate
不知道：have no idea = don’t know
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
合并简单句
原句：The Gap Year will benefit us in many ways. Gap year is a good buffer to the graduates.
拓展句：The Gap Year which is a good buffer to the graduates will benefit us in many ways.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I hear that you plan to do some volunteer work or travel around the country during your gap year. (运用了宾语从句)
[高分句型2] You will grow up as an independent, confident, caring and matured person, which will help you to do better in job in the future. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)
8．Dear Wilson，
I have learnt that our school will be open new train courses to satisfy our needs, including Literature Appreciation, Cooking Skills and Wilderness Survival Skills. As for me, I won't hesitate to choose Wilderness Survival Skills.
Most projects of Wilderness Survival Skills are designed to improve the quality of people's psychology, to improve self-control ability of students to continually overcome the psychological fear, to challenge themselves, overcome themselves and shape the good will quality of calm, resolute, indomitable. In addition, Outward Bound can cultivate students’ sense of team work.
Obviously, Wilderness Survival Skills can achieve educational goals of psychological and social adaptation, which, for the long run, pays off and benefits us for a life-long term.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Yours
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给在英国留学的表哥Wilson写封信，介绍你对微课程的选择，说说结果，谈谈理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
满足：satisfy→ meet
目的是：be designed to → be intended to
不断地：continually → constantly
有益：benefit → be beneficial to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Obviously, Wilderness Survival Skills can achieve educational goals of psychological and social adaptation, which, for the long run, pays off and benefits us for a life-long term.
拓展句：It is obvious that Wilderness Survival Skills can achieve educational goals of psychological and social adaptation, which, for the long run, pays off and benefits us for a life-long term.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I have learnt that our school will be open new train courses to satisfy our needs, including Literature Appreciation, Cooking Skills and Wilderness Survival Skills. (运用了宾语从句和不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] Obviously, Wilderness Survival Skills can achieve educational goals of psychological and social adaptation, which, for the long run, pays off and benefits us for a life-long term. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
9．Growing up，Most of us may have been labeled various labels, such as “obedient “,”cool “”a nerd/ geek” and so on. Take myself as an example, throughout my primary school ,I was labelled as “a nerd”. I hated it. I knew that I was not a nerd .I was simply quiet and enjoyed reading. But now in high school, I am a member of our Reading Club,where I have found many friends sharing common interest with me.
Therefore, I am opposed to labeling a child, which makes damage to his confidence . Instead,we should encourage them to be themselves. And if you are labeled , just ignore it and then try to find yourself behind the label. Be brave to be yourself.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于议论文。要求考生给校报专栏投稿，讨论人们常会被贴上各种标签，如“乖巧听话”（obedient）、“有个性”（cool）、“书呆子”（a nerd/geek）、“00后”（post-millennials）等这个话题，表达自己观点。
【详解】词汇积累（4个以上，含4个）
讨厌：don’t like→hate
喜欢,着迷：like/enjoy→be fascinated with/be fond of
反对：disagree with →be opposed to/be strongly against
对…有害：be bad for→ do damage to
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：.But now in high school, I am a member of our Reading Club. I have found many friends sharing common interest with me.
拓展句：.But now in high school, I am a member of our Reading Club., where I have found many friends sharing common interest with me.
简单句变复合句
原句：I hated it.
拓展句：I hated it when I heard myself referred to as a nerd.
【点睛】[高分句型1] But now in high school, I am a member of our Reading Club,where I have found many friends sharing common interest with me.(where 引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Therefore, I am opposed to labeling a child, which makes damage to his confidence .（which引导非限制性定语从句）
10．The best skill I have learned is English. I learn this skill at school, and I benefit a lot from the teachers’ teaching and the school’s platform. In my spare time, I  read a lot of English articles to gain a broader range of knowledge and obtain more materials to complete the school tasks. In addition, I can smoothly watch my favorite English movies and enjoy the original artistic experience, which greatly improves the quality of my life. Besides, English songs are also a good way to relax. My English skill enables me to understand the meaning of a song when I listen to it, so that I can resonate with the singer and relax my spirit. In a word, English skill plays a great role in my study and life.
【解析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生介绍自己的一个最有用的技能。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：说明文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.介绍这项技能是什么；
2.介绍你是通过什么方式学会的；
3.举例说明为什么你觉得它最有用。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
the teachers’ teaching; the school’s platform; gain a broader range of knowledge; obtain more materials; smoothly watch my favorite English movies; understand the meaning of a song; play a great role in my study and life
第三步：连词成句
1.The best skill I have learned is English.
2.I learn this skill at school, and I benefit a lot from the teachers’ teaching and the school’s platform.
3.In my spare time, I read a lot of English articles to gain a broader range of knowledge and obtain more materials to complete the school tasks.
4.In addition, I can smoothly watch my favorite English movies and enjoy the original artistic experience, which greatly improves the quality of my life.
5.Besides, English songs are also a good way to relax.
6.My English skill enables me to understand the meaning of a song when I listen to it, so that I can resonate with the singer and relax my spirit.
7.In a word, English skill plays a great role in my study and life.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：In addition, Besides
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1]In addition, I can smoothly watch my favorite English movies and enjoy the original artistic experience, which greatly improves the quality of my life.（which引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]My English skill enables me to understand the meaning of a song when I listen to it, so that I can resonate with the singer and relax my spirit.（so that引导的结果状语从句）