上海高考英语应用文专项训练

这是一份上海高考英语应用文专项训练，共21页。试卷主要包含了Directins等内容，欢迎下载使用。
应用文
1．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
某学校开放创新实验室引起网上热议。作为一名学生，你在网上发帖参与讨论。你的网帖须包括如下内容：
•介绍创新实验室的情况
•你对此项改革的看法
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学的学生李平，写信给你在海外的笔友王平，与他分享这段时间在线学习生活的感受。你的信必须包括：
1.在线学习与在校学习的不同；
2.你更偏爱的学习方式，并说明理由。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是高三某班班长李华，7 月即将毕业，你正计划高考后在班级里开展一项离校公益活动---“绿色离校（Be a Green school-leaver）”旧书回收项目。请写一封倡议信给你们班级同学，信中必须包括：
该活动的目的和意义；
该活动的具体计划。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．Directions: Write an English composition in over 120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
学校里一些同学互相攀比，追求时髦和高档消费。请你根据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇题为“My attitude to fashion”的英语演讲稿。
现象
穿名牌衣服
使用最新款的电子产品
追星
原因
追求美
展现个性
丰富课余生活
你的看法
请列举两、三点
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5．Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
辩论发言稿，你可任意选择正方或反方拟一篇发言稿，词数100-120。
话题：网络课堂教学优于传统的课堂教学
正方
反方
1. 网络课堂教学优于传统的课堂教学
1. 传统的课堂教学优于网络课堂教学
2. 学习时间和地点灵活
2. 师生情感交流
3. 费用较低
3. 教师监控教学过程, 保证教学效果
4. 有利于发挥学生的学习主动性和积极性
4. 同学之间能形成良好的学习氛围
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6．Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the: instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是李华,要给英国笔友Harry写封信,信中包括以下要点:
1. 介绍你最喜欢的一项运动;
2. 简述喜欢的理由。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.每一个人都会被自己阅读过的一本书或看过的一部电影所感动并难以忘怀，请以A Most Influential Book (Or Film)为题写一篇短文。
1. 描述你的书或电影的主要内容；
2. 其令你感到或难忘的原因；
3. 谈谈它对你产生的影响或带来的思考。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8．Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 外国学生来我校访学，要求了解汉语成语典故。请你从“刻舟求剑”和“坐井观天”两个成语典故中选取一个，用英语向他们介绍。
具体要求：
1. 引出你要介绍的成语；
2. 说出它的字面意义和寓意；
3. 用一个具体的实例，对它加以应用。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9．Directions: Write an English composition in no less than 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
一年一度的双十一购物节（Double 11 Shopping Festival）快到了，你的好朋友告诉你，这几天他（她）每天淘宝，购物车快满了，并说买的越多越划算。你对朋友的行为和说法怎么看，并说说你对于双十一购物的观点以及你购物打算。
你的作文必须包括：1. 对于朋友的行为和说法的评价。
2. 你自己的观点。
3. 你的购物打算。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10．Directions: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
以”电子垃圾(e-waste)的危害”为主题写一篇作文。文章必须包括以下内容:
(1)现象:电子垃圾数量增多；
(2)电子垃圾的危害；
(3)我们应该采取的措施。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________












1．As part of the curriculum, our school’s laboratories of innovation are open to the students all day. The laboratories, which cover science subjects, are equipped with various instruments and machine tools. A student is required to spend two hours there during the week doing his/her own project. With the help of my teachers, I’ve carried out my project — designing a device measuring levels of pollution on the school campus, I have been busy doing experiments and collecting data. I’ll present my project in a research paper.
I am in favor of the curriculum reform, which enables me to apply what I’ve learned in class to practice. While doing a project, I have developed my skills of doing things. I find I have more initiative in learning than before. To my great satisfaction, I have had even better academic performances.
【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生在网上发帖参与讨论开放创新的新实验室。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：议论文。
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
要求：
某学校开放创新实验室引起网上热议。作为一名学生，你在网上发帖参与讨论。你的网帖须包括如下内容：•介绍创新实验室的情况 •你对此项改革的看法。
第二步：列提纲（重点词汇和短语）
part of；curriculum；innovation；be open to；be equipped with；instrument；be required to；with the help of；carry out；be busy doing sth.；be in favor of；apply；develop skills；to one’s great satisfaction等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如：The laboratories, which cover science subjects, are equipped with various instruments and machine tools.使用了一个非限制性定语从句；I am in favor of the curriculum reform, which enables me to apply what I’ve learned in class to practice.使用了定语从句和宾语从句。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。
2．Dear Wang Ping,
How are you? I’m writing the letter for the purpose of sharing my online schooling information during the COVID-19 epidemic with you.
As you know, the spring semester is postponed, but schooling continues online under our teachers’ guidance. In my opinion, the time and course schedules are just the same as we are in school. The biggest difference is that online learning emphasizes students’ autonomy, as there are more distractions and less supervision compared with on-campus life, which means we need a stronger self-regulation. By getting actively involved in classes, I’ve adapted to such a unique way of learning and made progress. However, I still hope to return to campus, where I can enjoy face-to face classes with my friends. Besides, I’m already missing my teachers and classmates. I wish we could get COVID-19 epidemic under control soon.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Ping
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信给在海外的笔友王平，与他分享这段时间在线学习生活的感受。
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
人称：第一、三人称；
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时；
结构：总-分法
要点：
1.你在线学习生活的感受；
2.在线学习与在校学习的不同；
3.你更偏爱的学习方式，并说明理由。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
for the purpose of；online schooling；share with；during the COVID-19 epidemic；as you know；postpone；under sb’s guidance；in one’s opinion；the same as；autonomy；there are；distractions； supervision；compare with；on-campus life；self-regulation；get involved in；adapt to；make progress；hope to do；face-to face；under control等
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m writing the letter for the purpose of sharing my online schooling information during the COVID-19 epidemic with you.
2. The spring semester is postponed, but schooling continues online under our teachers’ guidance
3. The time and course schedules are just the same as they are in school.
4. The biggest difference is that online learning emphasizes students’ autonomy, as there are more distractions and less supervision compared with on-campus life, which means we need a stronger self-regulation.
5. By getting actively involved in classes, I’ve adapted to such a unique way of learning and made progress.
6. I still hope to return to campus, where I can enjoy face-to face classes with my friends.
7. I’m already missing my teachers and classmates.
8. I wish we could get COVID-19 epidemic under control soon.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：As you know；In my opinion；and；Besides；still；
2.表转折对比关系：However；but；
3.表示因果关系：as等
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【详解】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高分句型，如：In my opinion, the time and course schedules are just the same as they are in school.使用了由as引导的状语从句；The biggest difference is that online learning emphasizes students’ autonomy, as there are more distractions and less supervision compared with on-campus life, which means we need a stronger self-regulation.使用了由that引导的表语从句、由as引导的原因状语从句和由which引导的非限制性定语从句；By getting actively involved in classes, I’ve adapted to such a unique way of learning and made progress.使用了方式状语；However, I still hope to return to campus, where I can enjoy face-to face classes with my friends.使用了由where引导的非限制性定语从句；I wish we could get COVID-19 epidemic under control soon.使用了省略that的宾语从句和虚拟语气等。还使用了一些固定短语，如：for the purpose of；share with；as you know；postpone；under sb’s guidance；in one’s opinion；the same as；there are；compare with；get involved in；adapt to；make progress；hope to do；under control等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
3．One possible version：
Dear classmates,
As we all know, our life of high school is coming to an end. Feeling reluctant to part with you, I am planning to do something unforgettable and meaningful. As far as I’m concerned, every class of graduates leaves many used books when graduating from school, and some students even destroy them. It’s totally a waste of resources and may result in environmental pollution. Therefore I’m considering an activity called “Be a Green school-leaver”, which requires participants to collect and hand in used books firstly. After collecting these books, we will organize and sort them, which will finally be donated to those who are in need in rural poverty areas. As the monitor, I sincerely ask for your participating.
Don’t you want to create some memories while helping others and this world? Let’s do this together!
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信，倡议同学们参与离校公益活动。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
   总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 阐述倡议主题
      2. 介绍活动相关：
      1）活动目的和意义
      2）活动具体计划
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
graduate；environment-friendly；college entrance exam；approach；activity；used books；public benefit；plan on
第三步：连词成句
1. The end of our final term in high school is approaching.
2. I am planning on a public benefit activity.
3. The activity is called Be a Green school-leaver.
4. The aim is to recycle those used books and donate them.
5. In this way we can help those who needs books and make our school life more meaningful.
6. Sincerely hope you can join me.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Therefore I’m considering an activity called “Be a Green school-leaver”, which requires participants to collect and hand in used books firstly这句话运用了非限制性定语从句；使用了一些固定词组，如come to an end，result in，as far as I’m concerned等。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
4．The topic of my speech today is “My Attitude to Fashion”. Now in our school there is a hot pursuit of fashion. Some students chase their favorite stars and wear top brands of clothes and shoes. Others use expensive electronic devices.
The reasons why they do so are as follows. Firstly, they hope to look smart and special. Secondly, they want to express their personality to others. In addition, it enriches their extracurricular life.
As far as I am concerned, we students should hold the right sense of values. What’s more, it is the inner beauty rather than our appearance that makes us respectable. It will make great sense to save the money to help those in need.    
Thank you for your listening.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇题为“My attitude to fashion”的英语演讲稿。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
人称：第一、三人称；
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时；
结构：总-分-总法
要求：
1.描述现象：穿名牌衣服，使用最新款的电子产品，追星
2.出现这些现象的原因：追求美，展现个性，丰富课余生活
3.你的看法：列举两、三点
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
speech；chase stars；pursuit of fashion；top brands；electronic devices；as follows；express；personality；extracurricular life；as far as one’s concerned；sense of values；rather than；inner beauty；appearance；make sense等
第三步：连词成句
1. The topic of my speech today is “My Attitude to Fashion”.
2. Now in our school there is a hot pursuit of fashion.
3. Some students chase their favorite stars and wear top brands of clothes and shoes. Others use expensive electronic devices.
4. The reasons why they do so are as follows.
5. They hope to look smart and special
6. It enriches their extracurricular life.
7. We students should hold the right sense of values
8. It is the inner beauty rather than our appearance that makes us respectable.
9. It will make great sense to save the money to help those in need.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly；Secondly；
2.表并列补充关系：In addition；What’s more；and；
3. 表因果关系：so等
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高分句型，如：Some students chase their favorite stars and wear top brands of clothes and shoes. Others use expensive electronic devices.使用了some…others…句式进行举例；The reasons why they do so are as follows.使用了由why引导的定语从句；it is the inner beauty rather than our appearance that makes us respectable.使用了强调句；It will make great sense to save the money to help those in need.使用了it作形式主语等。还使用了一些固定短语，如：chase stars；electronic devices；as follows；as far as one’s concerned；sense of values；rather than；make sense等。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
5．Nowadays, tele-education is increasingly popular. Some speak highly of its advantages, others prefer traditional method of teaching. As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of tele-education.
My arguments are as follows. For one thing, tele-education makes it possible for students to learn at flexible time and place. For another, the students can choose whatever courses they are interested in, which can motivate them to learn. More importantly, students have a wider range of choices as to teachers and lessons throughout the country, or even in the world. Of course, low expense of online courses is another advantage.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文, 要求写一篇关于网络课堂教学优于传统课堂教学的辩论稿。
【详解】第一步：
审题：辩论稿——网络课堂教学优于传统课堂教学
人称：第三人称
时态：一般现在时
结构：总分法，分两部分，第一部分说明你的观点：赞同网络课堂教学，第二部分说明网络课堂教学的优点。
要点：
1. 说明你的观点：赞同网络课堂教学
2. 网络课堂教学的优点：学习时间和地点灵活、费用低、可以选择感兴趣的教师和课程，有利于发挥学生的积极性
第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语）
popular；speak highly of；advantage；prefer；in favor of； argument；make it possible for sb. to do…；at flexible time and place；choose；be interested in；motivate； a wider range of；low expense
第三步：连词成句
Tele-education is increasingly popular.
Some speak highly of its advantages, others prefer traditional method of teaching.
I am in favor of tele-education.
Tele-education makes it possible for students to learn at flexible time and place.
The students can choose whatever courses they are interested in
It can motivate them to learn.
Students have a wider range of choices.
Low expense of online courses is another advantage.
根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句，适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
表示时间顺序：first of all；to begin/start with；in the beginning；firstly/ secondly/ lastly/ finally/ in the end
表示并列或补充关系：what is more；besides； moreover；apart from；in addition；as well as；not only…but(also)；meanwhile；in the meantime
表示转折对比关系：but；however；although；though；yet；while；on one hand…on the other hand
表示因果关系：because；as；therefore；as a result；as a consequence；consequently；thus
连句成文，运用恰当的衔接词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使句与句之间逻辑性更强、段与段之间结构清晰。
【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 popular；speak highly of；advantage；prefer；in favor of；argument；at flexible time and place；choose；be interested in；motivate；a wider range of；low expense等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如定语从句的运用which can motivate them to learn；名词从句的运用the students can choose whatever courses they are interested in；it作形式宾语的运用tele-education makes it possible for students to learn at flexible time and place.等。
6．Dear Harry,
   I am glad to receive your last letter. Knowing that you like sports very much, I will share something of my favorite sport with you. Actually, I am fond of running.
  I like running because I can run whenever I want. After doing my homework, I usually run in the park which is near my home. On the other hand, running is cheap but it can help me keep healthy. I can run even without any equipment. And running always makes me feel relaxed and refreshed. Besides, if there is nobody accompanying me, I can run by myself, which is another experience. For example, sometimes I run in rainy days, and it is amazing, especially when I have something to think over. After years of running, I find myself stronger and faster than before. If you are interested in it, you can have a try.
  Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
LiHua
【分析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给朋友Harry写信，给他介绍自己最喜欢的运动，并简述原因。
【详解】体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主
结构：总分总
要求：
1.    表明写信目的
2.    介绍自己喜欢的运动，和喜欢的原因
第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
be glad to do sth./ share sth. with sb./ do good to/ benefit/ be fond of/ refreshed/ accompany/ be interested in
第三步：连词成句
I am delighted to receive your last letter.
You said you like sports very much, actually, me too.
My favorite one is running.
I like running because I can run whenever I want.
After doing my homework, I usually run in the park near my home.
On the other hand, running is cheap but it can help me keep healthy.
I can run even without any equipment.
And running always makes me feel relaxed and refreshed.
If there is nobody accompanying me, I can run by myself, which is another experience.
Sometimes I run in rainy days, which is amazing, especially when I have something to think over.
After years of running, I have become stronger and faster than before.
If you are interested in it, you can have a try.
Looking forward to your reply.
第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）
表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…
状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…
定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…
第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：Knowing that you like sports very much, I will share something of my favorite sport with you.中that引导宾语从句；Besides, if there is nobody accompanying me, I can run by myself, which is another experience.中if引导条件状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句。
7．A Most Influential Film
As a film enthusiast, I have watched a great many classic films, but the most impressive one is Shawshank Redemption, which tells the story of Andy, a wronged banker, who successfully escapes from prison after 20 years in prison with his perseverance. This film not only reveals the darkness of the American justice system, but also conveys us such a message that we couldn’t lose hope at any time. It is the uncrowned king—although it hasn’t won any Oscars, it is regarded as the best film in the world. This film has a great influence on me. Whenever I run into difficulties in my life and want to give up, I will think about Andy in the film, and then I regain hope and strength. Now I am a person full of hope and never give up. Undoubtedly, it is this film that makes me who I am now.
【分析】本篇书面表达是提纲类作文，要求介绍对自己有影响的一本书或一部电影。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求介绍对自己有影响的一本书或一部电影：每一个人都会被自己阅读过的一本书或看过的一部电影所感动并难以忘怀，请以A Most Influential Book (Or Film)为题写一篇短文。要求：1. 描述你的书或电影的主要内容；2. 其令你感到或难忘的原因；3. 谈谈它对你产生的影响或带来的思考。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； impressive（给人以深刻印象的），enthusiast（发烧友），perseverance（坚持不懈），reveal（揭露）， regain（重新获得）及undoubtedly（毫无疑问地）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有give up（放弃），at any time（在任何时候），run into（遇到），be full of（充满），be regarded as（被认为是）以及have a great influence on（对……有很大的影响），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“I have watched a great many classic films, but the most impressive one is Shawshank Redemption, which tells the story of Andy, a wronged banker, who successfully escapes from prison after 20 years in prison with his perseverance.”，同位语从句“This film not only reveals the darkness of the American justice system, but also conveys us such a message that we couldn’t lose hope at any time.”，状语从句“It is the uncrowned king—although it hasn’t won any Oscars, it is regarded as the best film in the world.”及“Whenever I run into difficulties in my life and want to give up, I will think about Andy in the film, and then I regain hope and strength.”，强调句型“Undoubtedly, it is this film that makes me who I am now.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
8．Dear students,
I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese set phrases. Now let me tell a story about "Look at the sky from the bottom of a well"
There is a frog. He lives in a well and he never goes out of the well. He thinks the sky is as big as the mouth of the well.
The set phrase means sitting in the well to watch the sky, which is often used to describe and satirize the people with limited vision or superficial knowledge.
From this set phrase, we can learn a lot. In our life, we can not think that the world is only as big as the city we live, and we should go out to see the vaster world. As the saying goes, it is better to travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books. So we have to go out to see the outside world. We can not learn from the small frog at the bottom of the well, only to see the sky as big as the well. We should go to other countries to learn more knowledge and skills.
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。外国学生来我校访学，要求考生介绍一个成语故事。
【详解】第一步：应用文表达，开头结尾给出，注意格式规范，整篇文章使用一般现在时，符合应用文表达。
第二步：根据提纲依次列出要点，介绍的成语，字面意义及寓意，具体的实例，内容包含概括全面，关键词选用合理，如goes out of，as big as，is often used to，learn from…等等。
第三步：连词成文，结构衔接得体，字数适当，结构清晰。
【点睛】第一段开门见山，简述自己目的，Now let me tell a story about "Look at the sky from the bottom of a well"目的清晰明确，给人简单明了的感觉。
第二，三，四段写具体内容，结构清晰。
文章内容完整，提纲要点全面，格式规范，语篇连贯，使用复合句，显示很高的英文水平，如The set phrase means sitting in the well to watch the sky, which is often used to describe and satirize the people with limited vision or superficial knowledge.是一篇优秀的范文。
9．With Double 11 Shopping Festival approaching, you have been occupied with shopping online. You have already filled your shopping cart. 　
Shopping online has many advantages. It is very convenient to shop online, which can save us lots of our precious time as well as money. There are many platforms for sales promotion where the sellers will give special offers. The more you purchase, the more discounts you will get.
However，every coin has two sides. There also exist disadvantages. For one thing, with so many packages to be sent after that, we have to wait a long time to receive our goods. For another, the quality of the goods online can’t be guaranteed. It is not uncommon that some people cancel the orders or return their goods because of bad quality of the goods. In this case, it is a waste of money and energy instead of saving money. What’s more, sometimes we usually buy what we don’t need at all .  
It is advocated that we should consume sensibly. This year I only intend to purchase some necessities. I advise you to remove the items which you don’t need at present.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于议论文, 告诉朋友你关于“双十一购物节”购物的看法。
【详解】第一步：
审题: 议论文   
人称：第二、三人称
时态： 一般现在时
结构： 总分法，分三部分，第一部分朋友为“双十一购物节”做的准备，第二部分说明你的看法，第三部分说明你的购物打算。
要点：
1. 朋友为“双十一购物节”的准备：每天逛淘宝，购物车快满了
2．你的看法
网络购物的有利之处：
①网络购物节约时间和钱
②很多平台提供特价商品和折扣
网络购物的不利之处：
①要很久才能收到包裹
②商品质量不能保证
3．你的购物打算：
你提倡理智消费，只打算买一些必需品
第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语  ）
approach；be occupied with；shopping cart；advantages；convenient；save precious time；platform；give special offers；quality；guarantee；cancel the orders；return their goods ；a waste of；advocate；consume sensibly  
第三步：连词成句
（1）Double 11 Shopping Festival is approaching.
（2）You have been occupied with shopping online.
（3）It is very convenient to shop online
（4）Shopping online can save us lots of our precious time as well as money.
（5）The more you purchase, the more discounts you will get.
（6）We have to wait a long time to receive our goods.
（7）The quality of the goods online can’t be guaranteed.
（8）Some people cancel the orders or return their goods because of bad quality of the goods.
（9）We should consume sensibly.  
根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。
第四步：连句成篇(用复杂句式、亮点词汇表达)
用“with 的复合结构”连接（1）（2）句
（1） Double 11 Shopping Festival is approaching.
（2）You have been occupied with shopping online.
→ With Double 11 Shopping Festival approaching, you have been occupied with shopping online.

用定语从句连接（3）（4）句
（3）It is very convenient to shop online
（4）Shopping online can save us lots of our precious time as well as money.
→It is very convenient to shop online，which can save us lots of our precious time as well as money.
用for one thing…. for another …连接(6)(7)句
（6）We have to wait a long time to receive our goods.
（7）The quality of the goods online can’t be guaranteed.
→For one thing, we have to wait a long time to receive our goods; for another, the quality of the goods online can’t be guaranteed.
【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 approach即将来临；be occupied with忙于；shopping cart购物车；advantages有利之处；convenient方便的；save precious time节约宝贵的时间；platform平台；give special offers提供特价商品；quality质量；guarantee保证；cancel the orders取消订单；a waste of浪费；advocate提倡；consume sensibly理智消费等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如定语从句which can save us lots of our precious time as well as money和where the sellers will give special offers；“the+比较级，the+比较级” 句式The more you purchase, the more discounts you will get；衔接词for one thing …for another 表达For one thing, …we have to wait a long time to receive our goods. For another, the quality of the goods online can’t be guaranteed；it作形式主语的句式It is not uncommon that some people cancel the orders or return their goods because of bad quality of the goods。
10．Electronic waste, or e-waste, has become an issue of serious concern to the public as a growing number of electronic items are discarded in landfills every year. Many consumers are not aware that electronics like computers and cell phones actually contain toxins that can leach out into the soil and damage the environment.
　　E-waste compounds pose hazards to the environment as well as the human beings. To start with, when exposed to heat, the components of e-waste release toxic fumes and gas, polluting the air and causing global environmental problems. When circuit breakers deteriorate, they release toxins, such as mercury, that pollute groundwater. In addition to its damaging effect on the environment, researchers have now linked e-waste to adverse effects on human health.
　　In my view, it's high time that the damage of e-wasted should be realized by the public and measures should be taken to cope with this issue. One idea is to put greater responsibility on the companies that produce the goods. It should be mandatory for them to taking the abandoned items back and dispose them in an environmentally-friendly manner.
【分析】这是一篇提纲类作文。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，以“电子垃圾(e-waste)的危害”为主题写一篇作文。文章必须包括以下内容:
(1)现象：电子垃圾数量增多；
(2)电子垃圾的危害；
(3)我们应该采取的措施。
第二，人称为第三称。第三，时态为一般现在时
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，现象:电子垃圾数量增多。第二段，电子垃圾的危害。第三段，我们应该采取的措施。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语:  a growing number of ，be aware that， contain toxins，damage the environment，be exposed to，release toxic fumes and gas, polluting the air and causing global environmental problems，cope with ， put greater responsibility on.
第四步：确定较为高级的句子：that引导的宾语从句和that引导的定语从句 Many consumers are not aware that electronics like computers and cell phones actually contain toxins that can leach out into the soil and damage the environment. When引导的时间状语从句When circuit breakers deteriorate, they release toxins, such as mercury, that pollute groundwater. 虚拟语气it's high time that the damage of e-wasted should be realized by the public and measures should be taken to cope with this issue.
第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接：To start with, In addition to. In my view.
第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:that引导的宾语从句和that引导的定语从句 Many consumers are not aware that electronics like computers and cell phones actually contain toxins that can leach out into the soil and damage the environment. when引导的时间状语从句When circuit breakers deteriorate, they release toxins, such as mercury, that pollute groundwater. 虚拟语气it's high time that the damage of e-wasted should be realized by the public and measures should be taken to cope with this issue.
高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。