高中英语人教新教材必修二全册词汇用法知识点清单（分单元编排）

高中英语必修二
词汇用法知识点
unit1
1.preserve vt.保存(save)；保护(protect)；维持(maintain)n.保护区(reserve)
•preserve...from/against...保护……免受……
be well preserved 保护得很好
•a nature preserve 自然保护区
•preservedadj.保藏的；腌制的
preservationn.保存；保留
【联想】一“字”之差，天壤之别：
①preserve vt.保护；维护
②reserve vt.保留；储备；预订
2.promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级
•promote sb to...提升某人为……
get promoted 升职
•promotionn.提升，提拔
eg. Most importantly, we should make an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.(倡议书)　最重要的是，我们应该努力提高公众的环保意识。
3.take part in 参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
•take an active part in 积极参加……
take part 参加(后面不接宾语)
participate in 参加
•play a part/role in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色
eg. Six theatre companies have been selected to take part in this year’s festival.
六个剧团已被选定参加今年的戏剧节。
4.balance n.平衡；均匀；余额vt.使平衡
•keep a balance (between A and B) (在A与B之间)保持平衡
keep one’s balance 保持平衡
lose one’s balance 失去平衡
•balance A against B　权衡/比较A和B
•balancedadj.平衡的；均衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食
eg. If you want to have a happy school life，you’d better keep a balance between study and relaxation.(建议信)
如果你想拥有快乐的学校生活，你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡。
5.lead to 导致
lead sb to do...使某人做……
lead sb to some place 带某人去某地
lead the way 带路
lead sb by the nose 牵着某人的鼻子走
lead/live a...life 过着……的生活
【联想】表示“导致”的短语还有：result in，contribute to，bring about，account for等。
6.proposal n.提议；建议(suggestion)
•make a proposal 提出建议
•proposevt.提议，建议
propose doing sth 建议做某事
propose that...(should) do sth 提议……(应该)做某事
【同义】advise，suggest，recommend
7.likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地
•be likely to do sth＝It is likely that...有可能做某事
•unlikelyadj.不大可能的，未必的
be unlikely to do sth＝It is unlikely that... 不可能做某事
•It is probable/possible that...有可能……
【联想】否定前缀un-高频形容词：
①fit→unfit 不合适的
②fair→unfair不公平的
③usual→unusual不寻常的
④fortunate→unfortunate不幸的
⑤comfortable→uncomfortable不舒服的
⑥certain→uncertain不确定的
⑦conscious→unconscious无意识的
⑧willing→unwilling不愿意的
8.turn to 向……求助；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；转向
eg. (2021·全国甲卷)Many students say they will talk to their friends or classmates because they’re of the same age and can understand each other. Some will turn to their parents or teachers for help.
许多学生说，他们会和朋友或同学交谈，因为他们是同龄人，互相理解。有些人会向父母或老师寻求帮助。
After he left university he became a teacher，but later turned to journalism.　他大学毕业后当了教师，但后来转行从事新闻工作。
Don’t always turn to the dictionary when you come across a new word.
遇到生词时不要总是翻阅字典。
Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left.
沿着这条大路走，一直走到岔路口，然后向左拐。
9.limit n.限度；限制vt.限制；限定
•limit...to...把……限制在……内
•within limits 在某种范围内；适度地
beyond the limit 超过限度
set a limit to sth 对某事规定限度
there is a/no limit to...对……是有限的/无限的
•limitedadj.有限的
limitlessadj.无限的
limitationn.限制；限定
【点拨】牢记limit短语中to为介词哟！
10.prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠
•prevent...from (doing)... 阻止(做)……；不准(做)……
stop...from (doing)...制止(做)……
keep...from (doing)...阻止(做)……
•protect...from/against (doing)...保护……免受……伤害
【点拨】①prevent/stop...from...中的from可以省略，keep...from...中的from不能省略；
②被动结构中，from均不可省略。
11.contribute vi. & vt.捐献；捐助
•contribute sth to...把某物捐献给……
contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿
•contributionn.捐献；贡献；稿件
make contributions/a contribution to...
对……做出贡献
eg. Environmental protection starts with me，and everyone can make contributions/a contribution to the cause.(倡议书)　环境保护从我做起，每个人都能为此事业做贡献。
12.donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)
•donate...to...把……捐赠给……
•donationn.捐赠；捐献
make a donation to...向……捐赠
•donatedadj.捐赠的
donatorn.捐赠者
eg. The old man donated a lot of money to the school，enabling the students to return to their classroom.(人物介绍)
那位老人给学校捐了很多钱，使学生们得以回到他们的教室读书。
13.attempt n. & vt.企图；试图；尝试
•attempt to do sth 企图做某事
•make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事
at the first/second...attempt 第一/二次……尝试
【联想】“努力做某事；企图做某事”的其他表达形式：
①try to do sth　②seek to do sth　③intend to do sth
14.worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的
•It is worthwhile doing sth/to do sth 做某事是值得的
•worthadj.值得的；有……的价值；等值的
be worth＋名词　值得……；值……
be (well) worth doing ……(非常)值得被做
•worthyadj.值得的；配得上的；可敬的
be worthy 值得被做
eg. It’s worthwhile reading/to read literary books because they can help us to know more about the society and life.(建议信)
读文学书是值得的，因为它们能帮助我们对社会和生活了解更多。
15.forgive vt. & vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅
•forgive sb for (doing) sth 原谅某人(做了)某事
forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌
•forgivenessn.原谅；宽恕
【联想】ABC型不规则动词：
①forgive, forgave, forgiven 原谅
②arise, arose, arisen 出现；发生；产生
③awake, awoke, awoken 唤醒；觉醒；使醒来
④draw, drew, drawn 拉；拖；取(钱)；画
⑤forbid, forbade, forbidden 禁止；阻止
16.quality n.质量；品质；素质；特征
adj.优质的；高质量的
of good/high/poor quality 质量好/高/差的
improve the quality of life 提高生活质量
in quality 在质量上
eg. My goal is to provide my children with a life of high quality.
我的目标是为我的孩子提供高质量的生活。
17.tradition n.传统；传统的信仰或风俗
•It is a tradition to do sth/that...……是一种传统
by tradition 按照传统，根据习俗
•traditionaladj.传统的；惯例的
【联想】“名词＋后缀-al”转换成形容词的还有：
①origin→original最初的
②person→personal个人的；私人的
③nature→natural自然的；天生的
④nation→national全国的
⑤addition→additional额外的
⑥convention→conventional传统的
⑦tradition→traditional传统的
⑧intention→intentional故意的
18.opinion n.意见；想法；看法(view)
•in one’s opinion 让步于新事物
have a good/bad/high/low opinion of
对……评价好/不好/高/低
•ask for one’s opinion 询问某人的观点
express one’s opinion 表达某人的观点
unit2
1.hunt vt. & vi.打猎；搜寻；追捕
•hunt for sb/sth 寻找某人/某物
go hunting 去打猎
•huntern.猎人
2.die out灭亡；逐渐消失
•die away (声音、光线等)逐渐消失
die of/from...因……而死
die down 减弱；平息
die off 相继死去
•be dying for 很想要；渴望
be dying to do sth 极想干某事
【联想】时“隐”时“现”荟萃：
①die out 灭亡；逐渐消失　②disappear vi.消失；失踪
③appear vi.出现  ④show up 出现
⑤turn up 出现；发生
3.alarm vt.使惊恐；使害怕(frighten)；使担心(worry)n.恐慌；警报；警报器
•sound the alarm 发出警报
in alarm 惊恐地
•alarmedadj.担心的；害怕的
be alarmed at/by...对……感到担心或害怕
•alarmingadj.惊人的；使人惊恐的
eg. It is well-known to us that rainforests are disappearing to an alarming extent.
(环境保护)　众所周知，热带雨林正在以惊人的程度消失。
4.aware adj.知道；发觉；有……意识的
•be/become aware of 知道/意识到
be aware that...意识到/体会到……
•awarenessn.意识；认识
arouse/raise one’s awareness of...唤起某人……的意识
•unawareadj.不知道的；未察觉的
eg. (2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)It was Mr Liu who made me aware of the importance of learning English well.(人物介绍)
是刘老师使我意识到学好英语的重要性。
5.average n.平均数；平均水平 adj.平均的；正常的；普通的 vt.平均数为
•an average of 平均有……
•on (the) average 平均起来
above/below average 平均水平以上/以下
【联想】盘点“on＋名词”词块：
①on guard 在执勤　　　②on leave 在休假
③on holiday 在度假  ④on strike 在罢工
⑤on sale 出售  ⑥on loan 借用
6.concern vt.涉及；让……担忧 n.担心；关心
•show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心
•concernedadj.担心的；关切的；相关的
be concerned with 与……有关
be concerned about/for 担心……
as/so far as...be concerned 就……而言；依……之见
•concerningprep.有关；关于
eg. Nowadays people are more concerned about/for the environment where they live.
现在，人们更加关注他们的居住环境。
【点拨】concerned作形容词用作前置定语时，意为“关心的；担忧的”；作后置定语时，意为“有关的；相关的”。
7.adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应；使适合；改编
•adapt (oneself) to 使……适应于
adapt sth from 根据……改编某物
be adapted for 被改编为……
•adaptableadj.能适应的；可修改的
adaptationn.适应；改编；改写本
【联想】一“字”之差荟萃：
①adapt v.适应；改编→adoptv.采纳；收养
②affect v.影响→effectn.影响
③angel n.天使→angle n.角度
④access v.接近→assessv.评估
⑤aboard prep. & adv.在船上→abroadadv.在国外
⑥expect v.期待→expertn.专家
8.measure n.措施；方法 vt.测量；度量；估量；(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为
•measure...by...用……来衡量……
•take measures/steps/action to do sth
采取措施做某事
make sth to sb’s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物
eg. It’s generally acknowledged that education shouldn’t be measured only by examination results.　人们普遍认为教育不应该仅仅以考试成绩来衡量。
【点拨】measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时，是系动词，后跟测量的结果，不用于被动语态和进行时态。
9.pressure n.压力(stress)；要求
•under pressure 在压力下；承受压力
put pressure on sb 给某人施加压力
•pressvi. & vt.按；压；逼迫
press sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事
eg. I know studying is very important, but my parents put too much pressure onme.
我知道学习很重要，但父母给我施加了太多的压力。
10.observe vt.观察(到)；注意到；注视；遵守；庆祝
eg. Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.　虽然许多中国人住在海外多年，但仍然遵守传统的风俗习惯。
It is a tradition for the people here to observethe Spring Festival.
庆祝春节是这里的传统。
(2019·天津卷)We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.
我们观察到，人工智能已经在许多方面对我们的生活产生了影响。
On the top of Mountain Tai，people excitedly observed the sun rising from the sea.
在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地观看太阳从海上升起。
【联想】observation n.观察　observatory n.天文台
observer n.观察者
11.remind vt.提醒；使想起
•remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind (sb) that...提醒(某人)……
•remindern.提醒者，提醒物
【联想】“v.＋sb＋of sth”的短语还有：
①cure sb of sth治好某人的病
②accuse sb of sth控告某人某事
③rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物
④inform sb of sth通知某人某事
⑤convince sb of sth使某人相信某事
12.attack n.， vi. & vt.攻击；抨击
•under attack 受到攻击
a heart attack 心脏病发作
•attack sb 攻击/抨击某人
be attacked with...患……病
be attacked by...被……攻击/袭击
eg. The professor was sent to the local hospital because he had a heart attack.
这位教授因心脏病发作被送进了当地医院。
13.recover vi.恢复；康复 vt.找回；寻回
•recover from...从……中恢复过来
recover oneself 恢复健康，痊愈
•recoveryn.恢复；复苏；痊愈
make a recovery from...从……中恢复过来
eg. (2020·浙江6月卷写作)We sincerely hope you will recover yourself as soon as possible and return to China earlier.(慰问信)
我们衷心希望您早日康复，早日回到中国。
14.intend vi. & vt.打算；计划；想要
•intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事
intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth 本来打算做某事(但事实上没做)
•be intended to do 打算做……；旨在……
be intended for...为……而设计
•intentionn.打算；意图
with an/the intention of 抱有……的目的
eg. (北京卷书面表达)The university is known for its language and culture courses intended for international students.　这所大学以其面向国际学生的语言和文化课程而闻名。
15.exist vi.存在；生存
•exist on 靠……为生
There exists...某地有……；存在……
•existencen.存在；生存
come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在
•existingadj.(仅用于名词前)目前的，现存的
【点拨】exist，come into existence无被动语态，不用于进行时态。
16.harmony n.和谐；融洽
•in harmony with...与……和谐；与……协调一致
out of harmony with...与……不和谐
•harmoniousadj.和谐的
eg. We must ensure that tourist development must be in harmony with the environment.
我们必须确保旅游业的发展与环境相协调。
17.reduce vt.减少
reduce...by...把……减少了……
reduce...to...把……减少到……
be reduced to陷入某种境地；沦为(to为介词)
【联想】decrease(同义词)　increase, rise(反义词)
18.due to 由于；因为
dueadj.预期的；应得的；到期的
be due to do sth 预计做某事
be due to sb 应支付给某人；应给予某人
eg. Roseis due to start school in January.
罗斯一月份就要开始上学了。
Have you paid the money that is due to them?
你付了他们应得的钱了吗？
【联想】“因为；由于……”荟萃：
①on account of　②because of　③owing to
④thanks to　⑤as a result of　⑥as a consequence of
⑦in consequence of
19.search for 搜索；查找
•in one’s search for 寻找
in search of 寻找；搜寻；寻求
•search sth/sb 搜查某物/对某人搜身
search...for...为找到……而搜查……
eg. As Jane was searching for something to eat，the rescue team was searching the mountain for her.　当简在寻找东西吃的同时，搜救队正在搜山找她。
unit3
1.convenient adj.方便的；近便的
•It is convenient for sb to do sth 某人方便做某事
•conveniencen.便利；方便
for convenience为了方便起见
at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候
•inconveniencen.不方便；不便
inconvenientadj.不方便的
【点拨】convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，常用it作形式主语。
2.cash n.现金；金钱
in cash用现金
by check用支票
【联想】“钱”相关单词网：
①charge n.费用 vt.收费　②fine n.罚款 vt.罚款
③fee n.费用 ④insurance n.保险费
⑤tip n.小费 vt.给小费
3.update vt.更新；向……提供最新信息
n.更新；最新消息
【联想】“互联网”一家亲：
①download vt.下载　②click vt.点击
③connect vt.连接 ④surf vi. & vt.浏览
⑤network n.网络 ⑥database n.数据库；资料库
⑦upload vt.上传
4.benefit n.益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
•benefit sb/sth 使某人/某物受益
benefit from/by...从……中受益；得益于……
•for sb’s benefit＝for the benefit of sb 为了某人的利益
•beneficialadj.有利的；有帮助的
be of benefit to...＝be beneficial to...对……有益(to为介词)
eg. We will benefit a lot from reading English classics，so let’s begin right now.
我们将会从读英语名著中受益颇多，所以我们现在就开始吧。
5.distance n.距离；疏远
•in the distance 在远处
at a distance 隔一段距离；从远处
at a distance of在……远的地方
within walking distance在步行距离内
•keep sb at a distance与某人保持一定距离；疏远某人
•distantadj.遥远的；远处的；久远的；疏远的
eg. (浙江6月卷读后续写)Much to our delight，the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank.(场景描写)　让我们高兴的是，远处的水声引起了我们的注意，把我们带到了河边。
6.inspire vt.鼓舞(encourage)；激励；启发思考
•inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
inspire sb with sth 激起某人某种情感
•inspirationn.激励；灵感；鼓舞；启示
inspiredadj.得到灵感的；受到鼓舞的
inspiringadj.激励人心的；启发灵感的；令人鼓舞的
eg. (2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)He became inspired when he thought about helping those ordinary people exposed to COVID-19.
(人物介绍)　当他想到要帮助那些感染新冠肺炎的普通人时，他受到了鼓舞。
7.access n.通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取
•have/get/gain(no) access to有(没有)……的机会；可以(无法)获取/进入/接近
•accessibleadj.可进入的；可使用的
be accessible to可接近的；可使用的
eg. (北京卷书面表达)Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture，I suggest you apply for Peking University，where you can gain access to the best Chinese culture.(建议信)
鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到最好的中国文化。
8.go through 经历，经受；度过；通读；仔细检查；完成；用完
eg. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I’d appreciate it if you could take some time to go through my application.　如果您能花点时间审阅我的申请，我将不胜感激。
The plan went through, which made us all happy.
计划通过了，这使我们大家都很高兴。
However, the film market may go through a slowdown in the near future.
然而，电影市场在不久的将来可能会经历放缓。
Hardly had I gone through my homework when the telephone rang.
我刚完成作业，电话就响了。
【联想】go against 违背；违反　go by 过去；流逝
go over 复习；仔细检查　go out 出去；熄灭
go up 上升；上涨
9.discount n.折扣 vt.打折
•at a discount 打折
give/offer a discount 打折
•discountedadj.打折的
discounted prices/fares 打折价/票价
10.account n.账户；描述 vi.解释 vt.认为
•account for 解释；是……的原因；占……(比例)
•on account of 由于；因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
•take...into account/consideration
考虑……
take account of 考虑……
【联想】“决不”知多少：
①by no means　②in no way
③in no case　④on no condition
⑤under no circumstances　⑥at no time
11.rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的(impolite)
•be rude to sb对某人无礼/粗鲁
It is rude (of sb) to do sth(对某人来说)做某事是粗鲁的/无礼的
•rudenessn.粗鲁；无礼
rudelyadv.粗鲁地；无礼地
【联想】以字母e结尾的形容词直接加-ly变副词荟萃：
①polite→politely　②wide→widely
③fortunate→fortunately　④entire→entirely
⑤extreme→extremely
12.particular adj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的；讲究的 n.细节；细目
•be particular about 对……讲究/挑剔
•in particular＝particularly 尤其；特别；格外
eg. As far as I know，this kind of food is rich in nutrition，and it contains a lot of minerals in particular.
据我所知，这种食物营养丰富，特别是含有大量的矿物质。
13.embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的
•embarrassvt.(尤指在社交场合)使窘迫；使尴尬
•embarrassedadj.尴尬的；陷入困境的
be/feel embarrassed about/at...对……感到难为情/不知所措
be/feel embarrassed to do sth 对做某事感到尴尬
•embarrassmentn.窘迫；尴尬
(much) to one’s embarrassment 让某人(非常)尴尬的是
14.make fun of 取笑；戏弄
【联想】各种“嘲笑、愚弄”：
①laugh at sb 嘲笑某人
②make a fool of sb 愚弄某人
③play a trick/tricks on sb 捉弄某人，开某人的玩笑
④play a joke/jokes on sb 取笑某人，开某人的玩笑
15.upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的(depressed)vt.(upset，upset)使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
•be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦
be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安
be upset with sb 生某人的气
•What upsets sb is...让某人心烦的是……
eg. Iam upset that I can’t join in the Chinese Calligraphy Exhibition.
→What upsets me isthat I can’t join in the Chinese Calligraphy Exhibition.
我不能参加中国书法展览，这使我很难过。
16.familiar adj.熟悉；熟知
•be/get familiar with熟悉……
be familiar to为……所熟悉
•unfamiliaradj.不熟悉的
eg. For one thing, I am quite familiar withChinese painting, for my father is a Chinese painter.
→For one thing, Chinese painting is quite familiar to me, for my father is a Chinese painter.　首先，我对中国画很熟悉，因为我父亲是一位中国画家。
17.keep (...) in mind牢记
change one’s mind 改变主意
make up one’s mind 下定决心；决定
read one’s mind 看出某人的心思
bear in mind 牢记，放在心上
bring/call...to mind (使)想起；(使)记起
eg. My mother often reminds me to keep/bear in mind that where there is a will, there is a way.
我妈妈经常提醒我要牢记“有志者事竟成”。
18.case n.盒；箱；情况；案件
in case 假使；以防万一
in case of假如发生；万一发生
in any case无论如何
in no case决不(位于句首部分倒装)
in this/that case假使这样/那样的话
as is often the case这是常有的事
eg. In no casecan we go against the law of nature，or we’ll meet endless suffering.
无论如何我们都不能违背自然规律，否则我们将遭受无尽的痛苦。
unit4
1.chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的
n.(公司或机构的)首领；酋长
eg. Financial stress is well established as a chiefreason for divorce.　经济压力被充分证实为导致离婚的一个首要因素。
Then, the senior chief editor polishes and approves every section.
然后，由高级主编对每个部分做润色和批准。
The Queen is chief of the armed forces by right.　女王理所当然地是武装部队的首领。
2.puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问
vt.迷惑；使困惑(confuse)
•puzzle about/over冥思苦想；苦苦思索
•a puzzle to sb一件让某人感到困惑的事情
•puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的
•puzzledadj.迷惑不解的；困惑的
be puzzled about 对……困惑
eg. (2021·天津3月卷)What puzzles Lily’s friends is why she always has so many crazy ideas.　令莉丽的朋友困惑的是，为什么她总是有如此多疯狂的想法。
3.break away (from sb/sth) 脱离；背叛；逃脱
break down 损坏；发生故障；分解；累垮；失败
break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态)
break up 结束；破裂
eg. With so many problems unsettled, a few countries wanted to break away from the Union.　由于有那么多问题没有解决，有几个国家想要脱离这个联盟。
4.belong vi.应在(某处)；适应
•belong to 属于
•belongingsn.财产；所有物
【点拨】belong to既无被动语态，也不用于进行时态，常用现在分词作后置定语。
eg. Paper cutting has a history of over 1，500 years, which belongs to traditional art in China.(传统文化)　剪纸有1 500多年的历史，属于传统的中国艺术。
5.as well as 同(一样也)；和；还
(1)as well as连接并列主语时谓语动词与前面的主语一致；
(2)as well as用作介词时，相当于besides，in addition to，意为“除……之外”，后常跟名词或动名词，尤其是位于句首时；
(3)as well意为“也；又；还”，常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用；
(4)may/might as well do sth倒不如做某事；不妨做某事。
eg. As well ashaving difficulty adapting herself to the new school life，she found the culture difference another challenge for her.
除了难以适应新的学校生活之外，她还发现文化差异对她来说是另一个挑战。
6.defence n.防御；保卫
•in defence of 为了保卫……
•defendvt.保护；保卫；为……辩护
defend...from/against保护……以免受
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
•defensiveadj.自卫的；防御用的
7.surround vt.围绕；包围
•surround...with...用……包围/围绕……
be surrounded by/with...被……包围
•surroundingadj.周围的
surroundingsn.环境；周围的事物
【联想】各种“环境，情况”表达：
①circumstances 环境；情况　②condition状况，情况
③environment环境，周围状况；自然环境
④situation情况；状况
8.evidence n.证据；证明(proof)
•There is some evidence that...有证据证明……
•evidentadj.明显的，明白的
It’s evident that...很明显……
eg. There is evidence showing that gentle music can make people feel at ease.
有证据表明，柔和的音乐可以使人感到轻松。
9.achievement n.成就(accomplishment)；成绩；达到
•a sense of achievement 成就感
make an achievement 取得成就
•achievevt.完成；达到；获得；实现；成功
vi.达到预期目的
achieve one’s goal 达到目标
【联想】名词后缀-ment表示行为或结果等：
①announce→announcement宣布，通知
②argue→argument争论
③judge→judgement看法，判决
④state→statement陈述
⑤treat→treatment对待，治疗
⑥amaze→amazement惊奇
10.keep your eyes open (for) 留心；留意(watch out)
keep an eye on 照看；留神；留意
fix one’s eyes on 注视；盯着看
catch one’s eyes 引起某人的注意
look sb in the eyes 直视某人
eg. Pleasekeep your eyes open foropportunities, for they wait for no man.(建议信)
请留意机遇，因为机遇不等人。
11.charge n.收费；指控；主管
vt.收费；控告(accuse)；充电
•in charge (of) 负责，管理(表状态)
take charge of 掌管(表动作)
•free of charge 免费
•charge sb for...向某人收费……
charge sb with(doing)sth 控告某人(做)某事
【联想】有无“the”含义大相径庭的短语：
①in charge of 掌握；负责
in the charge of 在……掌管之下
②in possession of 占有
in the possession of 被占有
③in control of 控制；管理
in the control of 在……控制下
12.announce vt.宣布；通知；声称
•announce sth to sb＝announce to sb sth
向某人宣布某事
It’s announced that...据宣布……
•announcementn.宣布，声称
make an announcement 发布通告
•announcern.宣告者；播音员；报幕员
eg. The teacher announced to the students that there would be an English contest next week.
→The teacher made an announcement to the students that there would be an English contest next week.
老师向学生们宣布下周将举行英语竞赛。
【点拨】announce后不接双宾语，常用于announce sth to sb结构。用法类似的动词还有：suggest，explain等。
13.amount n.金额；数量vi.总计
•the amount of...……的数量
大(少)量……
•amount to 共计，总计；等于，相当于
【联想】可修饰不可数名词的词汇还有：
a great deal of, much, quite a little，little, a lot of，lots of, a large quantity of，large quantities of
14.approach n.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理(get down to, deal with) vi.靠近(draw near/be around the corner)
•an/the approach to(doing) sth (做)某事的方法/途径；接近，靠近
at the approach of 在快到……的时候
•approach sth 靠近/接近某物
with...approaching/drawing near/around the corner 在……快到的时候
【联想】“(做)……的方法”的正确搭配：
①the approach to (doing) sth
②the way to do/of (doing) sth
③the means of (doing) sth
④the method of (doing) sth
15.ensure vt.保证；确保；担保
【联想】“adj.＋前缀/后缀-en”转换成动词：
①large→enlarge扩大；使增大
②rich→enrich使充实
③broad→broaden扩大，变阔
④able→enable使能够
⑤short→shorten缩短；使变短
⑥bright→brighten使变亮
⑦sharp→sharpen削尖，使敏捷
⑧weak→weaken削弱，减弱
16.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
•be generous to sb 对某人慷慨
be generous with sth 在某方面大方
It’s generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事很慷慨
•generosityn.慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
generouslyadv.慷慨地；大方地
eg. I’d like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to you for your generous help，without which I wouldn’t have made such rapid progress.(感谢信)
我想借此机会表达你对我慷慨帮助的感激之情，没有你的帮助，我不会取得如此快的进步。
17.eager adj.热切的；渴望的(anxious, keen, hungry)
•be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
be eager for sth 渴望某事
be eager that...(should) do... 渴望做……
•eagernessn.热切；渴望
eagerlyadv.急切地；渴望地
【联想】后缀-ness高频名词荟萃：
①dark→darkness黑暗
②kind→kindness善良
③rude→rudeness无礼
④awkward→awkwardness尴尬；笨拙
⑤calm→calmness平静，镇静，冷静
⑥careful→carefulness小心，仔细，慎重
unit5
1.energy n.能源；能量；精力
•be full of energy 精力充沛
have the energy to do sth 有精力做某事
•energeticadj.精力充沛的，充满活力的；积极的
eg. It is everyone’s duty to work hard to build an energy-saving society.(倡议书)
努力建设能源节约型社会是每个人的责任。
2.perform vi. & vt.表演；履行；执行
•perform a(n)...role in 在……中起……作用
perform an operation 进行手术
perform one’s duty/promise 履行某人的职责/诺言
•performancen.执行；表演；履行；演技；表现
put on/give a performance 呈现一场表演
•performern.执行者；表演者；演员
eg. While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted, Henry did his best to perform his duty.　在等待晋升机会的同时，亨利尽力履行他的职责。
3.prove vt.证明；展现 link.被证明是
•prove (to be)＋n./adj.证明是……；结果是……
prove sb (to be)＋n./sth证明某人是……
•prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事
It is proved that...据证明……
•proofn.证明，证据
【联想】“系动词”来聚会：
①感官类：feel，look，smell，sound，taste
②变得： get，become，turn，grow，go，come，fall
③保持：remain，stay，keep，stand，lie
④显得： seem，appear
⑤证明是，结果是：prove
4.award vt.授予 n.奖品
•win/receive/get an award for sth 因某事而得奖
take up an award 接受奖项
•award sth to sb＝award sb sth 授予/判给某人某物
eg. My mother, a high school teacher, has won a number of teaching awards for her devotion to her work.(人物介绍)
我的母亲是一名高中教师，因为对工作的投入她赢得了许多教学奖。
5.original adj.原来的；独创的；原作的
n.原件；原作
originn.起源；起因；出身
originallyadv.原来；起初
【联想】后缀-al 形容词聚焦：
①origin→original原来的；独创的；原作的
②spirit→spiritual精神的
③music→musical音乐的
④practice→practical实际的，实用的
⑤culture→cultural文化的
⑥tradition→traditional传统的
6.stage n.(发展或进展的)时期；阶段；(多指剧场中的)舞台
on stage 在舞台上
reach a stage 达到一个阶段
【联想】
where引导定语从句常修饰的各种“抽象名词”：
①stage　②case　③position　④situation　⑤point
⑥atmosphere
7.thus adv.如此；因此
【联想】“因此”家族：
①therefore　②so　③as a consequence
④consequently　⑤as a result　⑥hence
⑦in consequence
8.capable adj.有能力的；有才能的
be capable of 能够；有能力
【联想】-able后缀形容词荟萃：
①reliable 可信赖的；可靠的　②adjustable 可调节的
③fashionable 时尚的；时髦的　④reasonable 合理的
⑤adaptable 适合的；能适应的
9.relief n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱
•in/with relief 如释重负；松了口气
to one’s relief 令人感到欣慰的是
What a relief！谢天谢地；总算松了一口气
•relievevt.缓解；减轻
relieve sb of...解除某人……方面的负担
•relievedadj.感到宽慰的；如释重负的
eg. (2020·浙江7月卷读后续写)Once the helicopter landed, we got onto it in no time, excited and relieved.(心理描写)　直升机一着陆，我们马上就上了飞机，既兴奋又如释重负。
10.cure vt.治愈；治好(疾病)(treat)；解决(问题)n.药物；治疗；(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施
•cure sb of sth 治愈某人的病；改掉某人的不良习惯
•a cure for sth 治疗……的方法
eg. The fresh air and exercise cured him ofhis sleeplessness，which made him feel relieved.
新鲜空气和锻炼治好了他的失眠，这令他感到欣慰。
11.(be)absorbed in sth/sb被……吸引住；专心致志
•absorbedadj.某人全神贯注的
•absorbv.吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
absorb oneself in 某人全神贯注于
absorb...from...从……中吸收……
eg. Tomwas absorbed in his work，so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.
→Absorbing himself inhis work，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.
→Absorbed inhis work，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.
汤姆专心于他的工作，因此他忘了告诉我开会的时间。
12.aim n.目的；目标(intention，purpose)
vi. & vt.力求达到；力争做到；瞄准
vt.目的是；旨在
•achieve/realize one’s aim 实现某人的目标
with the aim of 以……为目标；意在……
•aim to do sth 意欲/旨在(做)某事
be aimed at (doing) sth目的是/旨在(做)某事
•aimlessadj.无目的的；无目标的
aimlesslyadv.漫无目的地；无目标地
eg. We will have an English drama competition with the aim of enriching our extracurricular activities.
→We will have an English drama competition，theaim of which is to enrich our extracurricular activities.　为了丰富我们的课外活动，我们将举办英语戏剧比赛。
13.set sth up 安装好(设备或机器)
set up 建立，创立；竖起
set off 出发，动身；引爆
set down 写下，记下
set about (doing) sth 开始(做)某事；着手(做)某事
set aside 留出；把……置于一旁
set out (to do) sth 开始(做)某事；出发；动身
eg. The organization was set up to preserve this endangered species from extinction.
这个组织是为了保护濒临灭绝的物种而建立的。
14.talent n.天才；天资；天赋
•have a talent/gift for...有……的天资/天赋
•talented/giftedadj.有才能的，有才干的
be talented/gifted in...在……方面有才能
eg. (2020·天津7月卷)I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well.
我听说你是一个有才华的年轻女子，我发现你也很迷人和聪明。
15.assume vt.以为；假设
•assume sb/sth to be假定/假设某人/某事为
It is generally assumed that...普遍认为……
•assumptionn.假定，假设，设想
on the assumption that...假定……，假设……
•assuming (that)...假定……(作状语)
【联想】表示“假设，如果”的表达还有：
①supposing/suppose that　②providing/provided that
③on condition that ④in case
16.in addition (to)除……以外(还)
【同义】apart from，besides，as well as
【联想】“此外，而且”种种表达：
①besides　②moreover　③what’s more　④also
⑤additionally
17.treatment n.治疗；对待；处理
•under treatment在治疗中
•treatn.招待；款待v.对待；治疗；款待；请客
treat sb as...把某人看作……
treat sb to sth用某物招待某人，以某物款待某人
treat sb with...以……方式对待某人
18.get through(设法)处理；完成；接通电话；通过；用完，耗尽；熬过(困难时期)
eg. I managed to get through the task and the effort was worth it in the end.
我设法完成任务，努力是值得的。
I couldn’t get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then.
我无法和他取得联系，因为他的电话时不时出故障。
Luckily，the gap in the fence was just wide enough for the sheep to get through.
幸运的是，篱笆上的缺口刚好能让羊钻过去。
The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more.　小男孩一个星期就花光了所有的钱，只好向妈妈再要一些。
Focusing on that goal helps me get throughtough times.
专注于那一目标帮我熬过了艰难时期。
19.satisfaction n.满足；满意(content)；欣慰
•with satisfaction满意地
to one’s satisfaction令某人满意的是
•satisfyvt.使满意；使满足
satisfiedadj.(感到)满意的；满足的
be/feel satisfied with对……感到满意
•satisfyingadj.令人满意的
satisfactoryadj.令人满意的，符合要求的
eg. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)When we saw our fruits of labor were loaded onto the truck, we all felt satisfiedand excited.
当我们看到自己的劳动果实被装上卡车时，我们都感到既满意又兴奋。
20.reaction n.反应；回应
•in reaction to 对……的反应(to是介词)
•reactv.回应；发生反应
react to对……作出回应(to是介词)
react against 反对；反抗
eg. It’s not what happens to you, but how you react to it that matters.
重要的不是发生了什么，而是你如何应对它。