Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World（B卷·能力提升练）-【单元测试】2022-2023学年高一英语分层训练AB卷（译林版2020必修第三册）

Class              Name             Number             Mark      

Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World（B卷·能力提升练）

（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）

一、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5题）

A

We can take online joyful learning experiences to a new level by combining the best practices in education with inspiring hands-on lessons that parents and children can enjoy together.

Starting a Writer's Notebook June 13th-June 17th

This workshop is to inspire children to see themselves as true authors. The writing activities in this workshop are meant to help young authors develop their sense of voice and enthusiasm for writing. Participants will learn a variety of strategies and techniques for generating ideas and producing meaningful writing.

PRICE: $27. 00 ($22. 00 cash payment) AGE: 6-10

Backyard Science June 20th-June 24th

By sharing what we discover in our own backyards, our children will be able to experience firsthand how wildlife, climate, and geographic landscapes differ across the globe. Through this workshop we have the ability to create eye-opening explorations for our children.

PRICE: $27. 00 AGE: 4-10

Poetry Makers June 11th-July 15th

When sharing poems with our children, we not only teach them how to appreciate the beauty of language but also that our words have the ability to affect others in deep and meaningful ways. In this four-week online workshop, we will strengthen our children's understanding of themselves, each other, and the world around them through the power of writing poetry.

PRICE: $27. 00 AGE: 6-10

21. What can we learn about Starting a Writer's Notebook?

A. It offers a discount.      B. It lasts fotr weeks.

C It is suitable for all ages.     D. It encourages children to write poetry.

22. What can we learn about Backyard Science?

A. It encourages the kids to get close to nature.

B. It offers the kids various outdoor explorations.

C. It fills the kids with confidence in their future.

D. It enriches the kids' life experience and knowledge.

23. What can kids learn at Poetry Makers?

A. Take more interest in their studies.

B. Have a strong desire to be successful.

C. Show much enthusiasm for literature.

D. Be aware of the power of words.

B

The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert (警觉的). Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus—until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly(随意地)on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

24. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby's ________.

A. sense of hearing B. sense of sight

C. sense of touch D. sense of smell

25. Babies are sensitive to the change in ________.

A. the size of cards B. the colour of pictures

C. the shape of patterns D. the number of objects

26. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

B. To see how babies recognize sounds.

C. To carry their experiment further.

D. To keep the babies' interest.

27. Where does this text probably come from?

A. Science fiction. B. Children’s literature.

C. An advertisement. D. A science report.

C

Mark is always engaged in his work. But this time he felt that it was time for him to take part in his community, so he went to the neighborhood meeting after work. The area city council woman was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was on the decline. The neighborhood faced many problems. Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There were charts for parking problems, crime, and for problems in empty buildings. Mark read from the charts, “Police patrols cut back, illegal parking up 20%”. People were supposed to suggest solutions to the council woman. It was too much for Mark. “The problems are too big”, he thought. He turned to the man next to him and said, “I think this is a waste of my time. Nothing I can do would make a difference here.”

As he neared the bus stop on his way home, Mark saw a woman carrying a grocery bag, and a baby. As Mark got closer, her other child, a little boy, suddenly ran into the street. The woman tried to reach for him, but as she moved, her bag shifted, and groceries started to fall out. Mark ran to take the boy’s arm and led him back to his mother. “You gotta stay with mom,” he said. Then he picked up the stray groceries while and the woman smiled in relief. “Thanks,” she said, “You’ve got great timing.” “Just being neighborly,” Mark said. As he rode home, he glanced at the walls of bus. On one of them was “Small acts of kindness add up.” Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe that’s a good place to start.”

28. What was being discussed when Mark arrived at the neighborhood meeting?

A. The high price of grocery.

B. The education problem of children.

C. The worsening of quality of life.

D. The housing conditions in the community.

29. What’s Mark’s opinion about the community problems according to the first paragraph?

A. People could solve the problems by themselves.

B. He didn’t have the ability to solve such problems.

C. He didn’t have enough time to solve the problems.

D. People were too selfish to help others solve the problems.

30. What does the underlined words “Small acts of kindness add up” mean in the last paragraph?

A. All small acts will add up to kindness.

B. Everyone should try his best to do good deeds.

C. All small kind acts can make people grow up quickly.

D. Everyone can play his own part to make things better.

31. What can we learn from this passage?

A. Mark always played an active part in community activities.

B. Visual aids were used to display the seriousness of problems.

C. Many people were discouraged by the problems facing them.

D. The city council woman was responsible for the falling of life quality.

D

Plastic surgery is not only popular in the US, but is also sweeping across Asia. It is reported that South Korea is now the world’s largest market for plastic surgery.

In order to change their looks, 20 percent of women aged between 19 and 49 in Seoul said they had gone under the knife. The growth of South Korea’s pop music industry increases the popularity. Many patients visit clinics with photos of singers, asking doctors to copy their noses or eyes.

Joo Kwon, who founded one of the largest clinics in Seoul, recently opened a hotel to better serve customers. People will spend about US $17, 675 in a single visit. An increasing number of clients are non-Koreans, from China, Japan, the Middle East and even Africa. Leaders in South Korea say that this will help the Korean economy.

However, Mr Kwon warned that young people should be careful when seeking such operations. “I think South Korea doesn’t understand the word“beauty”, because everyone looks pretty much the same. It is also related to low self-confidence. I think the situation will somewhat become better in future as the society becomes more different. But it will take quite a bit of time until we get there, ”he told reporters.

Last year, a booklet was given out to Korean high school students by the government. There is a story that a local woman who was crazy about plastic surgery ended up with an ugly face.

32. What is the main cause of the increase in plastic surgery in South Korea?

A. The decreasing understanding of beauty.

B. The rising number of clinics.

C. The rise of the pop music industry.

D. The rise of the Korean economy.

33. What is Mr Kwon’s attitude toward plastic surgery?

A. Hewants to have a try.

B. He is strongly against it.

C. He is not interested in it.

D. He is objective about it.

34. We can learn from the last paragraph that _______ .

A. plastic surgery is not bad for people’s health

B. high school students are encouraged to have plastic surgery

C. high school students in South Korea are fond of plastic surgery

D. plastic surgery is supported by the government

35. What is the main idea of the text?

A. How to make plastic surgery.

B. Why women have plastic surgery.

C. The famous singers in South Korea.

D. Rapid growth of plastic surgery in South Korea.

二、七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

For four years, as a coordinator(协调员） for the Harvard First Generation Program,I have been sharing bits and pieces of my college experience on this blog. ____16____

The most important lesson I learned in college is that you have to give yourself space and time to grow. When I arrived at Harvard, I thought all my college experiences were just the means to the larger end of stability, success,and happiness. ____37____ Keep your goals in mind and allow them to grow as you push beyond your comfort zone.

Be willing to change your mind. It feels great to win, but you'll always learn more from your mistakes than you'll learn from the things you got right the first time. Over time, I learned to make space to be a better listener, and to admit when I'm wrong. ____38____

____39____ I was used to handling life without much external guidance. I thought asking for help was equal to admitting defeat, but that wasn't true. Once I realized that, it became easier to allow myself to rely on friends for support when I really needed it.

As graduation approaches, I often think about a quote by Morrison: “When you get jobs that you have been so brilliantly trained for, remember that your real job is that if you are free, you need to free somebody else. ____40____ I don't know what I'll be doing in five or ten　years, but I will be using the resources at my command to live happily with others.

A. Don't hesitate to turn to others when necessary.

B. Learn to absorb new ideas while remaining true to yourself.

C. It's OK to care about those things, but don't box yourself in.

D. It can be hard in the moment, but it's valuable in the long run.

E. If you have some power, then your job is to empower somebody else.

F. Here are some suggestions for those who are to start or finish college.

G. So I'd like to share some unforgettable moments about my college life.

三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分15分）

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选择中，选出最佳选项。

Yesterday, a salesman called me to sell his phone plans. I was at work and while I usually don't like spending time on those things, I __41__ myself that I couldn't talk yet and __42__ that he call me back at 6 pm.

That's what he did. So we talked about 20 minutes. He __43__ to me his different phone plans. While listening to him, sometimes I was __44__ in my thoughts. I gave several “hmm hmm”， as a sign of agreement and to __45__ that I was still there. Sometimes, I felt a bit __46__. But I stayed calm and __47__ until the end of the discussion.

Finally, he said the following to me: “Thank you, Olivier. You are the first person in a long time with whom I had an enjoyable conversation. __48__， people shout at us and slam down the phone. Today, since 10 am, I hadn't had a phone __49__ without an offense. I know you had a long day at work and you could have __50__ in front of your TV. But you listened so carefully to me. I am __51__ and I sincerely thank you.”

It set me thinking. He had been the __52__ of verbal violence(语言暴力) all through his working day. Physical __53__ do not exist in this situation but dehumanization(非人性) seems to happen. __54__， he was only doing his job. I felt a sense of __55__ that I hadn't treated him so rudely.

41. A. found　　　　 B. excused     C. reminded        D. forgave

42. A. replied    B. agreed      C. suggested        D. ordered

43. A. explained    B. admitted     C. apologized        D. reported

44. A. stuck     B. involved     C. interested        D. lost

45. A. announce    B. ensure       C. confirm     D. imagine

46. A. impatient    B. discouraged   C. concerned        D. nervous

47. A. generous    B. reliable       C. cheerful     D. polite

48. A. Unexpectedly  B. Usually       C. Eventually    D. Similarly

249. A. meeting    B. interview      C. conversation    D. appointment

50. A. relaxed    B. slept          C. talked     D. played

51. A. annoyed    B. proud         C. touched     D. curious

52. A. proof     B. target         C. supporter     D. result

53. A. activities   B. exercises       C. disabilities    D. conflicts

54. A. Yet     B. Besides        C. Otherwise    D. Instead

55. A. honor    B. loss           C. relief     D. trust

四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）

Different counties and cultures celebrate the New Year in different ways. Many countries still follow the lunar calendar, ___56___(mean) that their new year often starts in late January or in February. New Year ___57___ (celebrate) for some countries (like China, Vietnam, and Korea) last not one day, but up to two weeks!

In the US, many people attend or throw New Year parties. They drink champagne, dance and cheer at the stroke of midnight. Fireworks, which in ancient times ___58___(scare) away evil spirits, are very popular throughout the US like many other countries. Americans often make one or more New Year’s decisions, such as promising to quit ___59___(smoke), lose weight, or stop drinking, most of ___60___last little longer than a month.

In Scotland, homeowners open the front door at midnight to let in the New Year, and open the back door to let ___61___ the old year. In Japan, people ring a bell 108 times ___62___ (get) rid of the 108 bad desires people have. In Spain, people eat 12 grapes—one per chime— as the clock chimes midnight. In Korea, people ring a bell 33 times with the ___63___ (intend) of memorizing 33 ancient soldiers.

In Colombia, families make ___64___rag doll called “Mr. Old Year.” They fill it with ___65___ the family doesn’t want anymore and then set it on fire to rid themselves of all the bad things of the previous year.

五、应用文写作（满分20分）

假定你是李华，你校组建了慢跑俱乐部。请给你的留学生朋友Peter写信，邀请他加入。内容包括：

1．组建俱乐部的目的；

2．俱乐部的主要活动；

3．报名的时间和地点。

注意：

1．词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Peter，

 How is everything going?                                                                                                                      

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Yours，

Li Hua