专题06.阅读理解CD篇+阅读七选五最新名校试题汇编-2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中考点大串讲（外研版2019）

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专题06.阅读理解CD篇+阅读七选五最新名校试题汇编

2021-2022广东省深圳市宝安第一外国语学校
C
Prince William, second in line to the British throne, gave his first TED Talk on Saturday to launch his Earthshot Prize, a competition that will award five £ 1 million prize money every year for the next decade to those who can come up with solutions to environmental problems.
Any person, group or organization around the world is qualified, and any suggestion is welcome, so long as it is applicable globally. It could be a new technology, a new approach, a new governmental policy or any other ideas toward five environmental goals -fixing the climate, purifying the air, protecting nature, cleaning oceans and handling waste.
"Earthshot" was inspired by John F. Kennedy's "Moonshot," an ambitious 1961 mission to get a man on the moon within a decade. The purpose of the prize is partly to arouse excitement and offer what Prince William called “a bit of catalyst, a bit of hope, a bit of positivity" at a time when the world needs. The money will come from donors around the world. The prize committee includes many celebrities.
Prince William has environmental activism in his blue blood. Both his grandfather, and his father Prince Charles were active environmentalists. Prince William acknowledged his heritage by saying he had always listened, learned and believed what they were saying about the environment. Besides speaking wise words, he also puts forward a good prize. Over a million pounds is significantly more than a Nobel Prize and should inspire some serious and creative thinking about the difficulties of Planet Earth. Unlike the Nobel Prize money, the Earthshot money is supposed to be spent on the winning project. “If we achieve these goals, by 2030 our lives won't be worse, and we won't have to sacrifice everything we enjoy. Instead, the way we live will be healthier, cleaner, smarter, and better for all of us," he said.
18. What can be learned about The Earth shot Prize?
A. It will be awarded to Britons. B. It aims to solve social problems.
C. It is named after a moon mission. D. It offers £ 50 million in total.
19. A person can win the prize for_________.
A. a method to monitor sea levels B a new technology to forecast the weather
C. a new approach to recycling the waste D. a local government policy to ban fishing
20. What does the underlined word "catalyst" in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Encouragement. B. Alarm. C. Challenge. D. Surprise.
21. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Earthshot Prize equals Nobel Prize.
B. Planet Earth will be cleaned by 2030.
C. Prince William only talks the talk.
D. Prince William is influenced by his family.
【答案】18. D 19. C 20. A 21. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了威廉王子由于受到家人的影响，也很关心环境问题，并设立了一个奖项“Earthshot Prize”用来奖励那些能够有效解决某些环境问题的人。
18细节理解题。根据第一段“Prince William, second in line to the British throne, gave his first TED Talk on Saturday to launch his Earthshot Prize, a competition that will award five £ 1 million prize money every year for the next decade to those who can come up with solutions to environmental problems.(英国王位第二继承人威廉王子于上周六发表了他的首次TED演讲，宣布设立“Earthshot Prize”。在未来十年里，该奖项每年将向那些能想出环境问题解决方案的人颁发500万英镑的奖金)”可知，该奖项单人将获得500万英镑，总共十年，因此总奖金为5000万英镑，故选D项。
19细节理解题。根据第二段“It could be a new technology, a new approach, a new governmental policy or any other ideas toward five environmental goals -fixing the climate, purifying the air, protecting nature, cleaning oceans and handling waste.(它可以是一项新技术、一种新方法、一项新的政府政策或任何其他旨在实现五个环境目标的想法——修复气候、净化空气、保护自然、清洁海洋和处理废物)”可知，一个人能够获得该奖项的条件是要提出一种循环处理废弃物的新方法，故选C项。
20词句猜测题。根据第三段“The purpose of the prize is partly to arouse excitement and offer what Prince William called “a bit of catalyst, a bit of hope, a bit of positivity" at a time when the world needs. (设立该奖项的部分目的是在这个世界需要的时候激起人们的兴奋，并提供威廉王子所说的“一点catalyst，一点希望，一点积极性”)”可知，catalyst与hope(希望)，positivity(积极性)并列，其词性与含义都要与它们相近，表达正向的感觉，结合选项意思，A. 鼓励；B. 警告；C. 挑战；D. 惊喜，惊讶。最符合要求的是A项“鼓励”。故选A项。
21细节理解题。根据最后一段“Both his grandfather, and his father Prince Charles were active environmentalists. Prince William acknowledged his heritage by saying he had always listened, learned and believed what they were saying about the environment. (他的祖父和父亲查尔斯王子都是积极的环保主义者。威廉王子承认自己的传统，他说他一直在倾听、学习和相信他们对环境的看法)”可知，威廉王子重视环保的思想是受到了他的家人的影响。故选D项。
D
“The past is a different country, they do things differently there,” L.P. Hartley wrote in one of his best-known novels, The Go-Between. To the British novelist, the past was irrelevant. And one of my Asian students once told me “I have no interest in the past. I’m only interested in the present and the future.” I have to disagree. “The past” is a very interesting country, and the more we know about it, the more we will be able to understand the present and thus, prepare ourselves for the future.
An ideal place, as I see it, that can allow us to look back on the past is the museum. I prefer to visit museums as if you are sitting in the same room with some of the greatest men in history. While no museums can claim to offer a complete picture of human history, the lessons we can learn from the events and wonders of the past are of great value.
Thanks to modern technology, museums are being transformed from places of looking and learning to spaces of participation and interaction. A large number of immersive(沉浸式)multi-media displays, which allow visitors to engage with its exhibits during their visit, play a big part at the Shanghai Natural History Museum.
The rise in technology has also made museums more accessible than ever. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, traditional museums have started to think outside of the box in order to create new ways for visitors to experience their collections online. It is definitely good news for those who are fascinated by museums but are struggling to actually go there. However, you shouldn’t expect to get the same experience that an in-person visit would provide, at least, that is, for now.
International Museum Day is observed on May 18 every year. This is a quick reminder that you should always spare some time to visit museums and appreciate the “must-see ‘em’ ” things that are an important part of the cultural heritage of humankind.
22. What does the writer think of “the past”?
A. Different. B. Unrelated. C. Significant. D. Understandable.
23. Why is the museum an ideal place to look back on the past?
A. It’s where the great minds once sat.
B. It’s where to learn and reflect.
C. It’s where to learn about previous events.
D. It’s where to appreciate ancient wonders.
24. What does “outside of the box way” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Allowing more in-person visits. B. Showing a complete picture of history.
C. Adding multi-media displays. D. Offering online exhibits.
25. Which could be the best title for the text?
A. Technology Revives Museums B. Observe International Museum Day
C. Museums Are “Must-see ‘ems’ ” D. Visit Museums In-person or Online
【答案】22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个能让我们回顾过去的理想场所，那就是博物馆。多亏了现代技术，博物馆正从观赏和学习的场所转变为参与和互动的空间。
22推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句““The past” is a very interesting country, and the more we know about it, the more we will be able to understand the present and thus, prepare ourselves for the future.（“过去”是一个非常有趣的国度，我们对它了解得越多，就越能了解现在，从而为未来做好准备。）”可推知，作者认为“过去”有着重要的意义。故选C项。
23细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“While no museums can claim to offer a complete picture of human history, the lessons we can learn from the events and wonders of the past are of great value.（虽然没有博物馆能够提供人类历史的完整画面，但我们从过去的事件和奇迹中学到的教训是非常有价值的。）”可知，作者认为博物馆是一个能让我们回顾过去的理想场所，其原因是它是我们可以学习和反思的地方。故选B项。
24词句猜测题。根据“outside of the box way”后的“in order to create new ways for visitors to experience their collections online.（为游客创造在线体验藏品的新方式）”可推知，“outside of the box way”是指自新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，传统博物馆开始跳出固有思维，开始了线上展览的新模式（Offering online exhibits.）。故选D项。
25主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句“This is a quick reminder that you should always spare some time to visit museums and appreciate the “must-see ‘em’ ” things that are an important part of the cultural heritage of humankind.（这是一个快速提醒，你应该经常抽出时间去参观博物馆，欣赏“必看之物”，它们是人类文化遗产的重要组成部分。）”结合全文可知，本文主要是介绍了博物馆是了解过去的重要地点，是必看之物，所以C项“Museums Are “Must-see ‘ems’ ”（博物馆是必看之物）”作为标题是最合适的。故选C项。
七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Preserve Your Culture
Look at any object in your house, meal you eat, or gesture you use, and you'll find evidence of culture. Cultural traditions are everywhere and have shaped who you are.____26____.
Share your culture’s art
Each culture’s art has its own unique characteristics.___27___. You’ll be overjoyed to share your culture with people from other places, such as your hobbies, jobs, crafts, and what you do for fun. This includes traditional art work you would find in a museum.
___28___
Your country, village or religious group almost certainly celebrate major holidays or cultural festivals. Travel to join in these events to get a better understanding of your culture. You can also organize your own event if possible.
Cook family recipes(菜谱）
___29___. Smell and taste have powerful connections to memory. As you make bread or try to guess the right amount of spices, you might remember meals from your childhood or holidays. Reading recipes can teach you a lot. Even if some of them are unfamiliar, others have most likely become your comfort food or a source of family pride.
Spend time with other members of the community
The best way to preserve your culture is to keep it alive.____30____. You can also gather for ordinary meals, events, or just conversation. Many aspects of culture are difficult to learn in books and museums, including etiquette, body language, and humor.
A. Attend or organize major events
B. It’s important to copy it from others
C. You can gather for holidays as a group
D. Find an expert willing to explain it to you
E. Here are some tips on how to keep them strong
F. Try to learn recipes from your grandmother’s cookbook
G. For example, it has its own clothing, music, storytelling traditions, and many more
【答案】26. E 27. G 28. A 29. F 30. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章列举了一些保持住文化传递的几种建议或做法。
26根据文章题目，“How to Preserve Your Culture”（如何保存住你的文化），以及下文所给第建议，可推出，本空引起下文，作者提出几点保存住文化的建议做法，所以E项，“下面是一些如何保持文化的建议”，符合语境。故选E。
27上一句说到，“Each culture’s art has its own unique characteristics.”（每种文化都有它自己独特的特征），本空承上启下，进一步举例说明，具体的文化特征有什么，所以G项，“例如，它有自己的服装，音乐，传统故事讲述等等很多”，符合语境。故选G。
28根据本段内容，“Your country, village or religious group almost certainly celebrate major holidays or cultural festivals”（你的国家，村庄，或者宗教组织都会庆祝一些重大节日，或文化节日），以及后面的，“Travel to join in these events”（加入这些活动），“you can also organize your own event ”（你也可以自己组织活动），可推出，本段的建议是，通过参加活动或组织活动来保持文化的传递。故选A。
29根据本段建议，“Cook family recipes”（制作家族菜谱），以及下文，“Reading recipes can teach you a lot”（读菜谱可以教会你很多东西），可推出，在本段作者建议，通过家族菜谱来保持文化的传递，该空和“家族菜谱”一致。故选F。
30根据上句，“The best way to preserve your culture is to keep it alive”（保持文化的最好方式是让它活起来），以及下句，“You can also gather for ordinary meals, events, or just conversation.”（你们也可以是日常聚餐，活动或只是聊天），本空承上启下，所以应该是介绍让文化活起来的方式，并与下句并列，所以C项，“你们可以群体节日聚会”，符合语境。故选C。
2021-2022黑龙江省大庆市东风中学
C
Millions of tons of electronic waste, known as e-waste, is produced ever year. In 2016, the world’s population make 49 million tons of electronic waste. It has been calculated that there will be more than 60 million tons by 2021. The amount of electronic waste is growing so rapidly that it has become a global problem that needs to be addressed.
What is causing the upsurge(激增)in e-waste? Technology is becoming more and more widespread covering almost every aspect of our lives. Meanwhile, the lifespan of devices is getting shorter— many products will be thrown away once their batteries(电池)die, to be replaced by new devices. Companies update the design or software so quickly and it is usually cheaper and easier to buy a new product than to repair an old one. Since prices are falling, electronic devices are in demand around the world.
As more people buy electronic equipment, manufacturers(制造商)are beginning to face shortages of the raw material needed to make their products, so recycling and reusing materials from discarded(废弃的)products and waste makes economic and environmental sense. Recycling e-waste is practiced both formally and informally. Formal e-waste recycling usually involves taking apart the electronics, separating and sorting through the materials and cleaning them. Companies must obey health and safety rules to reduce the health and environmental harm of handling e-waste by using pollution-control technologies. All this makes formal recycling expensive.
With the amount of e-waste growing around the world, recycling alone will not be enough to handle the problem. In order to reduce e-waste, manufacturers need to design electronics that are safer, and more durable (耐用的)repairable. As a customer, you’d better get our old product repaired if possible and buy a new device only when you really need.
8. The underlined word “addressed” in paragraph 1 can be replaced by _________.
A. reduced B. changed
C. controlled D. solved
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly bout?
A. The problems caused by the upsurge in e-waste.
B. The reasons for e-waste’s sharp increasing.
C. The bad effect of updating devices.
D. The causes of devices’ price dropping.
10. What makes recycling e-waste meaningful according to the text?
A. Improving the quality of e-devices.
B. Lowering the costs of technology innovation.
C. Relieving companies’ lacking raw materials.
D. Increasing the variety of electronic products.
11. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph?
A. Recycling is the only way to reduce e-waste.
B. Companies should be mainly responsible for reducing e-waste.
C. Repairing a device is better than buying a new one.
D. Everyone should take action to reduce e-waste.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】本文为说明文。主要讲述由技术更新所带来的电子垃圾的危害及解决办法。
8词义猜测题。根据上文“In 2016, the world’s population make 49 million tons of electronic waste. It has been calculated that there will be more than 60 million tons by 2021. The amount of electronic waste is growing so rapidly”（2016年，世界人口制造了4900万吨电子垃圾。据估计，到2021年，这个数字将超过6000万吨。电子垃圾的数量增长如此之快）可知，电子垃圾已经成为一个需要解决的全球问题。故划线词的意思是“解决”的意思。故选D项。
9主旨大意题。根据第二段“What is causing the upsurge(激增)in e-waste?”（是什么导致了电子垃圾的激增?）以及下文的具体解释可知，第二段主要是关于电子垃圾急剧增加的原因。故选B项。
10细节理解题。根据第三段“As more people buy electronic equipment, manufacturers(制造商)are beginning to face shortages of the raw material needed to make their products. so recycling and reusing materials from discarded（废弃的）products and waste makes economic and environmental sense.”（随着越来越多的人购买电子设备，制造商开始面临生产产品所需原材料的短缺。因此，从废弃产品和废物中回收和再利用材料具有经济和环境意义）由此可知，根据短文，缓解企业原材料短缺使回收电子垃圾有意义。故选C项。
11推理判断题。根据最后一段“In order to reduce e-waste, manufacturers need to design electronics that are safer, and more durable(耐用的)repairable As a customer, you'd better get our old product repaired if possible and buy a new device only when you really need.”（为了减少电子产品的浪费，制造商需要设计出更安全、更耐用的电子产品。作为客户，如果可能的话，你最好修理我们的旧产品，只有在你真的需要的时候才买新设备）由此判断出，每个人都应该采取行动减少电子垃圾。故选D项。
D
Researchers say that they have understood the meaning of gestures that wild monkeys use to communicate.They say that wild monkeys can communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a “vocabulary” of 66 gestures.The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of monkeys in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 hours of recordings of these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional (有意识的) communication to have been recorded in the animal kingdom.Only humans and monkeys, she said, have a system of communication with which they sent a message to another group member on purpose.
Although previous research has shown that other animals can understand complex (复杂的) information from their partners’ call, they do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages.This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said. “They are the only thing that looks like human language in that respect,” she added.
In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, meaning “Climb on me.” The little monkey immediately jumps on to its mother’s back and they travel off together.” The important message from this study is that there is another species out there that can communicate in a meaningful way, so that’s not unique to humans.” said Dr. Hobaiter.
Dr. Susanne Shultz, a biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”.
“The limited ‘vocabulary’ of the gestures suggests either that the monkeys have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information bidden in their gestures and responses.” she said. “In addition, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals communicate with their non verbal languages, So, it seems that difference still remains between human language and monkeys’ non verbal communication.”
12. According to Dr Hobaiter, only monkeys’ and humans can ______.
A. memorize specific words
B. understand complex information
C. use voices to communicate
D. communicate messages on purpose
13. What does the underlined word “They” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Calls B. Gestures. C. Messages. D. Voices.
14. What did Dr Shultz think of the study?
A. It was well designed but poorly carried out.
B. It was a good try but the findings were limited.
C. The evidence was reliable but the conclusion isn’t new.
D. The result was disappointing and the methods were wrong.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. The communication skills used by animals.
B. The smartest species in the animal kingdom.
C. A study on monkeys’ communication gestures.
D. A breakthrough in studying monkeys’ behaviors.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了对猴子的非口头交流的一项研究和结果，以及专家对这项研究的态度。
12细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句“Only humans and monkeys, she said, have a system of communication with which they sent a message to another group member on purpose.（只有人类和猴子有一个交流系统，用这个交流系统他们互相有目的地传递信息）”可知，Hobaiter博士认为只有猴子和人能有目的地交流信息，故选D项。
13词句推测题。第二段第一句 “Although previous research has shown that other animals can understand complex(复杂的) information from their partners’ call, they do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages.（尽管先前的研究已经表明其他动物们能够从它们的父母的召唤中理解复杂的信息，但是它们似乎不能有目的地使用声音来交流信息）”以及该词所在句“They are the only thing that looks like human language in that respect (从那一方面而言，它们是唯一看起来与人类语言相像的东西)”可知，此处的they指的是声音，故选D项。
14细节理解题。根据第五段“Dr. Susanne Shultz, a biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing（来自曼彻斯特大学的生物学家Shultz博士说研究在寻求丰富我们对动物语言的进化方面的知识这一点上是值得肯定的，她补充说，但是研究结果是有点令人失望的）”可知，她对该研究的态度是这是一次好的尝试，但是研究的发现不尽如人意，故选B项。
15主旨大意题。由首段首句“Researchers say that they have understood the meaning of gestures that wild monkeys use to communicate.（研究者们说他们已经理解了野生猴子用来交流的手势的意义）”以及末段末句“So, it seems that difference still remains between human language and monkeys’ non verbal communication.（因此，似乎人类语言和猴子的非口头语言交流之间的差异仍然存在）”可知，本文主要介绍了对猴子的非口头交流的一项研究，故选C项。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Can I Fight Laziness?
Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.
___16___Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency (趋势) to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. ___17___Others take a more active approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations (诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment. However, watching too much TV in your spare time often contributes to laziness._____18_____Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film. Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately.
___19___Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.
___20___Enough exercise and a balanced diet can enable you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.
A. To fight family laziness, set an example.
B. Knowing how to fight laziness is important.
C. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.
D. Finally, developing a healthy lifestyle can help you fight laziness.
E. With strong determination (意志力), you will be able to achieve your goal.
F. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task.
G. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了几种克服懒惰的方法。
16本段作者讲的是有些人为了准备工作熬夜起床又早，导致下班回家后就没有动机和冲劲，通过调整睡眠多一些休息，可以让你一整天精神饱满。由此判断空格处的内容是：克服懒惰的方法之一就是有充足的睡眠。故选C。
17some﹍others，一些人﹍另外一些人，为固定用法。根据后文Others take a more positive approach，viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone另一些人采取更积极的方法，把每一项任务看作是他们必须独自克服的挑战。选项F. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. 有些人对待他们的生活就好像他们被从一个任务推到另一个任务。选项中的some对应下文中的others，表示两类人的对比，符合语境，故选F。
18根据后文Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy，such as a good dinner or a film可知你需要为自己创造奖励制度，就像父母为孩子做的一样（Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child），选项G符合题意，故选G。
19前文Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. 提到懒惰可能会传递给你的家人。后面举例子来讲如何避免将懒惰传递给家人：Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal.要发挥榜样作用，选项A起承上启下的作用，符合题意，故选A。
20后文Enough exercise and a balanced diet can enable you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.中的exercise and a balanced diet都属于健康的生活方式（healthy lifestyle），与选项D提到的策略相对应，故先D。
2021-2022黑龙江省黑河市第九中学
C
High school was a hard time for Me in the beginning because I had just moved to a small town and knew basically no one. I loved to play basketball but was afraid to go to tryout (选拔)for the school's team because I didn't know anyone. One day all that changed when I missed the bus home and decided to shoot baskets on the school playground to kill time. The coach Mr Colbath had been watching me make various baskets and was pretty impressed with my moves.
He came up to me and asked me who had taught me to play like that. I told him that my dad had taught me how to play basketball. He asked me if he would see me at the tryout on Friday. but I said no and told him why. He told me to have a try because I played very well and would maybe make some friends on the court. After thinking for a few minutes. I finally decided to have a try.
On the day of the tryout, the coach came, found me and helped me practice before the tryout. He helped me a lot and I did very well at the tryout and many members of the team were quite impressed. I did make the team and over the next few years the coach helped me both on and off the court. He helped me do my math which I had such a difficult time with and he even taught me how to live independently.
I will never forget Mr Colbath. He really inspired me and changed my life. I would not be the person that I am today if he had not taken such an interest in me when I was in high school.
8. Why did the writer shoot baskets on the school playground?
A. Because he was preparing for the tryout for the school's team.
B. Because he wanted to show off his moves to the coach.
C. Because he missed the bus and had nothing to do.
D. Because he wanted to make new friends while playing.
9. What is the most probably reason for which the writer wouldn’t go to the tryout?
A. He should study very hard. B. He didn’t think he played well.
C. He knew no one in the school. D. His class teacher told him not to.
10. What does the underlined phrase “make the team” most probably mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Join the team. B. Leave the team.
C. Organize the team D. Lead the team
11. What does the writer mainly talk about in this passage？
A. His tryout at school. B. His present life.
C. His basketball coach. D. His high school life.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者主要是通过一些具体事例向我们介绍了曾经给予他许多帮助的一名中学篮球教练。
8细节理解题。根据第一段中One day all that changed when I missed the bus home and decided to shoot baskets on the school playground to kill time.（有一天，一切都改变了，我错过了回家的巴士，决定在学校操场上投篮来消磨时间。）可知因为作者错过了公共汽车，所以用投篮来消磨时间。故选C。
9细节理解题。根据第一段中I loved to play basketball but was afraid to go to tryout (选拔)for the school's team because I didn't know anyone.（我喜欢打篮球，但不敢参加校队的选拔，因为我一个人都不认识。）可知作者不参加选拔赛最有可能的原因是他在学校里一个人也不认识。故选C。
10词义猜测题。根据下文and over the next few years the coach helped me both on and off the court.可知接下来的几年里，无论是场内还是场外，教练给予我许多帮助。可推知作者加入了校篮球队。故划线短语意思为“加入篮球队”。故选A。
11主旨大意题。根据最后一段I will never forget Mr Colbath. He really inspired me and changed my life. I would not be the person that I am today if he had not taken such an interest in me when I was in high school.（我永远不会忘记科尔巴斯先生。他真的鼓舞了我，改变了我的生活。如果他在我上高中的时候对我没有那么大的兴趣，我就不会成为今天的我。）以及文章主要内容可知，作者主要是通过一些具体事例向我们介绍了曾经给予他许多帮助的一名中学篮球教练。故选C。
D
I first visited Western Australia for work in 2013. I fell in love with northern WA and have been back six times. Some of my favourite photographs were taken there. I have made over 140 work trips, but my best work trip ever was to Broome in the Kimberley region.
It is extremely beautiful and you can experience the indigenous Australia there more than anywhere else. The Kimberley region, in particular, is unique and untouched. As a photographer, I love the bright light and amazing colours: red rocks, green plants, blue-green waters and blue skies.
To work full time in travel, you have to love nature. I try to take every opportunity to get outside and admire the natural world. I love to photograph the rising sun, so I force myself into the natural world by waking early each day. I also enjoy photographing animals, such as dolphins and kangaroos.
I use my photography to make an impact on people, especially when it comes to environmental issues. Today I’ve been photographing a crocodile swimming close to your boat, the Kimberley Quest, all day. When I post the picture online, I will make a comment about how bad it is to feed wild crocodiles. This crocodile is used to passengers throwing food from boats and now she is becoming familiar with humans. Over time, this could make her a danger to people living in the area. If I can do something to make others aware of the problem, then that’s part of the solution.
12. When did the author visit Western Australia first?
A. In 2000. B. In 2003. C. In 2013. D. In 2021.
13. The second paragraph tells ________.
A. the colourful waters B. the reasons why the author love it
C. the photographer and colours D. the experience in Australia
14. The author loves photographing ________.
A. the sunset B. rocks C. people D. animals
15. The Kimberley Quest in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A. the crocodile B. the boat C. the photo D. the author
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者自己多次去西澳大利亚的拍摄工作旅行，号召大家保护大自然。
12细节理解题。根据第一段“I first visited Western Australia for work in 2013.”(我第一次去西澳大利亚是在2013年。)可知，作者第一次去西澳大利亚是在2013年。故选C。
13主旨大意题。根据第二段“It is extremely beautiful and you can experience the indigenous Australia there more than anywhere else. The Kimberley region, in particular, is unique and untouched. As a photographer, I love the bright light and amazing colours: red rocks, green plants, blue-green waters and blue skies.”(那里非常美丽，你可以比其他任何地方，更多地体验到澳大利亚的原生态。特别是金伯利地区，是独一无二的。作为一个摄影师，我喜欢明亮的光线和令人惊叹的颜色：红色的岩石，绿色的植物，蓝绿色的水域和蓝色的天空。)可知，这一段主要讲述作者喜欢西澳大利亚的原因。故选B。
14细节理解题。根据第三段“I also enjoy photographing animals, such as dolphins and kangaroos.”(我也喜欢拍摄动物，比如海豚和袋鼠。)可知，作者喜欢拍摄动物。故选D。
15词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Today I’ve been photographing a crocodile swimming close to your boat, the Kimberley Quest, all day.”(今天我一整天都在拍一条鳄鱼游近你的船，the Kimberley Quest)可知，the Kimberley Quest是boat的同位语，是这艘船的名字。故选B。
阅读下面短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. ____16____. You don’t need expensive equipment; even the ball doesn’t have to cost much money. All over the world you can see kids playing to their heart’s content ____17____; just like Pele did when he was a boy.
Another factor behind football’s global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field. ____18____. You don’t have to be a fan to recognize the skill of professional players-____19____can be amazing to see-or to feel the excitement of a game ending with a surprising twist.
What’s more, ____20____. It break down walls and brings people together on and off the field.
A. with a ball made of plastic bags
B. It is also a game that is cheap to play
C. When was the first football match held
D. It is fun enough to attract millions of people
E. how they use their bodies to pass, score and defend
F. Why does football play such an important part in the world
G. football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述足球是全世界很受欢迎的一种运动。
16根据下文“You don’t need expensive equipment; even the ball doesn’t have to cost much money.”(你不需要昂贵的设备; 甚至连球也不需要花很多钱。)可知，这里是说踢足球不需要花费很高，是很便宜的游戏。选项B“这也是一个玩起来很便宜的游戏。”和下文意思一致。故选B。
17根据下文“just like Pele did when he was a boy.”(就像贝利小时候那样。)可知，这里是指很多小孩子像巴西足球运动员贝利小时候一样，用一个塑料袋子做出来的球也可以踢的很欢畅。选项A“用一个塑料袋子做出来的球”和下文意思一致。故选A。
18根据上文“Another factor behind football’s global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field.”(足球在全球受欢迎的另一个因素是球场上的创造力和激情。)可知，这里提到足球在全球都很受欢迎。选项D“它足够有趣可以吸引成千上万的观众。”和上文意思一致。故选D。
19根据上文“You don’t have to be a fan to recognize the skill of professional players”(你不需要成为一个球迷，就能认识到职业球员的技术)可知，接下来要介绍一些职业球员的技术。选项E“他们如何利用身体传球，得分和防守”和上文意思一致。故选E。
20根据下文“It break down walls and brings people together on and off the field.”(它可以打破障碍，让人们在球场内外团结在一起。)可知，这里是指足球可以让人们打破障碍，加强交流。选项G“足球已经成为人们交流的最好方式之一”和下文意思一致。故选G。
2021-2022辽宁省大连市滨城高中联盟
C
The idea of biting into your burger made from insects or mixing some mealworms into your fried rice may take a little getting used to. But even if the thought of eating insects turns your stomach now, insects could and should form an important part of our diet.
In the west, people have been eating insects for thousands of years and in Asia, South America and Africa, around 2,000 insect species are eaten. Yet in Europe, just 10% of people would be willing to replace meat with insects, according to a survey by the European Consumer Organization. To some, this unwillingness to eat insects is a missed opportunity.
“Insects are a really important missing piece of the food system,” says Peter Alexander, a senior researcher in food security at the University of Edinburgh. “They are undoubtedly a superfood, a whole lot of nutrition in a really small package. ” Because of this, farmed insects could help deal with two of the world’s biggest problems at once: food insecurity and climate change.
Agriculture is the biggest contributor to global biodiversity loss and a driver to greenhouse gas emissions. Raising animals accounts for 14.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Insect farming uses a small part of the land, energy and water required for traditional farming, and has a significantly lower carbon footprint.
Then there’s the fact that insects are 12 to 25 times more efficient at changing their food into protein than animals. They need six times less feed than cattle, four times less than sheep and two times less than pigs. One of the main reasons is that insects are cold-blooded and therefore waste less energy keeping their body heat.
As well as saving energy, insects can live off food that would otherwise be thrown away, contributing to the recycling industry. Insects can be fed agricultural waste. To complete the recycling chain, their excrement can be used to make crops grow fast and large and improve soil.
“At the end of the day, you might have the healthiest, and most sustainable product, but unless it tastes nice so that people are willing to accept it, it may be a lot more difficult to get that across,” says Peter.
28. Farmed insects could benefit us in _______.
A. Enriching our dishes. B. Improving global biodiversity.
C. Fighting global warming. D. Affecting traditional farming.
29. Why can insects produce more protein?
A. They feed on food with high protein. B. They consume less food.
C. They break down food well. D. Their bodies need less energy to function.
30. What does the underlined word “excrement” mean in Paragraph 6?
A. Waste. B. Food. C. Blood. D. Protein.
31. Which of the following is the suitable title for the test?
A. A Solution to the World Global Warming. B. What to Do to Solve the Food Shortage .
C. Why We Should Quit Animal Raising. D. An Ignored Protein-Rich Superfood.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了昆虫可以用来作为食物，介绍了人们吃昆虫的历史以及研究人员指出昆虫是粮食系统中一个非常重要的缺失部分，说明了用昆虫作为食物的好处。
28细节理解题。根据第三段中“Because of this, farmed insects could help deal with two of the world’s biggest problems at once: food insecurity and climate change.(正因为如此，养殖昆虫可以帮助同时解决世界上两个最大的问题：粮食不安全和气候变化)”可知，养殖昆虫可以帮助我们对抗全球变暖。故选C。
29细节理解题。根据第五段中“One of the main reasons is that insects are cold-blooded and therefore waste less energy keeping their body heat.(其中一个主要原因是昆虫是冷血动物，因此浪费较少的能量来保持体温)”可知，昆虫能产生更多的蛋白质是因为他们的身体需要更少的能量来运作。故选D。
30词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Insects can be fed agricultural waste. To complete the recycling chain”以及后文“can be used to make crops grow fast and large and improve soil.”可知，这是一个这个循环链条，即：昆虫可以用农业废料喂养，而它们的粪便可以用来让作物长得又快又大，改善土壤。故画线词意思是“粪便，排泄物”。故选A。
31主旨大意题。根据第一段“The idea of biting into your burger made from insects or mixing some mealworms into your fried rice may take a little getting used to. But even if the thought of eating insects turns your stomach now, insects could and should form an important part of our diet.(吃着用昆虫做的汉堡，或者在炒饭中加入一些粉虫，这些想法可能需要一点时间来适应。但是，即使你现在想到吃昆虫就反胃，昆虫可以而且应该成为我们饮食的重要组成部分)”和第三段的““Insects are a really important missing piece of the food system,” says Peter Alexander, a senior researcher in food security at the University of Edinburgh. “They are undoubtedly a superfood, a whole lot of nutrition in a really small package. ”(爱丁堡大学粮食安全高级研究员彼得·亚历山大说:“昆虫是粮食系统中一个非常重要的缺失部分。”“它们无疑是一种超级食物，在一个非常小的包装中含有大量的营养。”)”结合文章主要说明了昆虫可以用来作为食物，介绍了人们吃昆虫的历史以及研究人员指出昆虫是粮食系统中一个非常重要的缺失部分，说明了用昆虫作为食物的好处。可知，D选项“被忽视的富含蛋白质的超级食物”最符合文章标题。故选D。
D
The human spine doesn’t just help us stand up straight. Inside the spine is the spinal cord (脊髓), which carries important information between the head and the lower part of the body. This information moves around as tiny, short bursts of electricity which travel between the brain and the other parts of the body.
The legs and feet send “sense” information to the brain, saying they’re hurt or hot. And the brain sends signals to the lower body, perhaps telling the legs to walk, dance, or sit down. Towards the bottom of the spine, nerves leave the spine. Different nerves help control different groups of muscles in the legs.
When someone’s spinal cord is hurt, this important pathway can get damaged. When that happens, a person is “paralyzed”, and he can’t move his legs. Now scientists in Lausanne, Switzerland have given three paralyzed men the ability to walk again. Each of the three men had damaged their spinal cords in motorcycle accidents and couldn’t move their legs.
To walk again, the man had operation. A special device was placed directly on the lower part of their spinal cords, below their injury. The implant (植入物) contained sixteen electrodes, which are small objects that electricity can pass through. The researchers made sure the electrodes on the implant were lined up with the nerves that control the leg muscles. To begin with, the scientists controlled the implants from a computer. Just hours after the implants were first used, all three men were taking steps, with support.
In the past, scientists have had some success with similar implants in the lower spine. But this research is different. The patients’ brains aren’t sending messages to their legs. The researchers used computers to set modes of movement—like taking a step—that would work well with each patient. The patients then used the computer to choose the pattern they wanted. That caused the implant, and the muscles to move in the chosen way. Over time, the men were able to walk entirely on their own, using a special walker with buttons to trigger each leg.
The solution isn’t perfect. It’s very expensive, it requires difficult surgery, and the patients can’t walk without the system. But the scientists are expecting that in the future, this technology will allow many paralyzed people to begin to walk again in just hours.
32. How does the spinal cord function in one’s body?
A. By sending out signals to the lower body. B. By controlling different groups of muscles.
C. By providing electricity for the body. D. Passing on information between body parts.
33. What makes the new implants special compared to the previous ones?
A. They receive messages from patients’ brains.
B. They work well by successful operations.
C. They are driven by computers to aid the patients to walk around.
D. They cause the muscles to function in a specific way.
34. What attitude does the author hold to the new implant?
A. Critical. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.
35. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?
A. To compare different implants.
B. To show the important role of spinal cord in our bodies.
C. To inform us of a new invented implant.
D. To identify the weaknesses of former implants.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究结果，瑞士洛桑的科学家们通过给瘫痪的人受伤部位下方的脊髓中安装一个特殊装置从而让这些人重新行走。
32细节理解题。根据第一段“Inside the spine is the spinal cord(脊髓), which carries important information between the head and the lower part of the body. This information moves around as tiny, short bursts of electricity which travel between the brain and the other parts of the body.(脊柱内部是脊髓，它在头部和下半身之间传递重要信息。这些信息以微小的、短脉冲电流的形式在大脑和身体其他部位之间传播。)”可知，脊髓的功能是在身体的不同部位传递信息。故选D。
33细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In the past, scientists have had some success with similar implants in the lower spine. But this research is different. The patients’ brains aren’t sending messages to their legs. The researchers used computers to set modes of movement—like taking a step—that would work well with each patient. The patients then used the computer to choose the pattern they wanted.(过去，科学家已经成功地在脊柱下部植入了类似的植入物。但这项研究不同。病人的大脑并没有向腿部传递信息。研究人员用电脑设定运动模式，比如迈步，这对每个病人都很有效。然后病人用电脑选择他们想要的模式。)”可知，这款植入物和之前的植入物不同之处在于，植入物是由电脑驱使以协助病人运动或行走。故选C。
34推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“That caused the implant, and the muscles to move in the chosen way. Over time, the men were able to walk entirely on their own, using a special walker with buttons to trigger each leg.(这导致植入物和肌肉以选择的方式运动。随着时间的推移，这些人能够完全独立行走，他们使用一种特殊的助步器，每条腿都有按钮来触发。)”可知，作者介绍了这款植入物的优点；而最后一段“The solution isn’t perfect. It’s very expensive, it requires difficult surgery, and the patients can’t walk without the system.(这个解决方案并不完美。这是非常昂贵的，手术也很困难，没有系统的话病人就不能行走。)”又介绍了这款植入物的缺点。所以作者是很客观地介绍了这款植入物。故选B。
35推理判断题。文章前两段主要讲解了脊髓对人的重要性，一旦脊髓受伤，那么一个人就可能瘫痪。第三、四段主要介绍了科学家在伤者受伤的部位下方的脊髓下部安装了一种植入物，从而使得伤者重新行走。倒数第二段讲解了这项研究与之前研究的不同。最后一段讲解了这项研究的不足以及未来的发展前景。所以文章的写作目的是为了介绍这款新发明的植入物。故选C。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wish to be humorous but often find your joke never works? Some people even think being funny is something people are born with, not to be learned. ___36___
Tell funny stories. Sometimes, the funniest thing you can do is to tell a funny story. ___37___ However, your audience will likely find that something that actually happened will be a little more humorous. Think of a few true funny things and tell those stories when it is proper.
Make the end funny. When you try to surprise your friends with a funny story or joke, put the surprise at the end. ___38___ you might say “And do you know what was in my car when I opened the door, Rebecca? A cat!” This will be funnier than saying “And, Rebecca, a cat was in my car when I opened the door!”
___39___ Check out comedy clubs in your area and study the comedians. What kind of jokes or stories worked with the audience and what didn’t? Notice what things made you laugh the most and tell similar stories and jokes in your personal life. You can also watch comedy shows online if you can’t find a local club.
Keep a journal to record funny things. Not only will this help you remember funny stories to tell later, it will also train you to look for comedic moments in your own life. ___40___ Every time you notice and write down something humorous, you’ll get more practice.
A. Go to a local comedy club.
B. Use your body language to be funny.
C. Sharing jokes is great at some point, too.
D. It might be difficult for you to make others laugh aloud.
E. Over time, this will help you have a better sense of humor.
F. However, the truth is that you can learn to be a funnier person.
G. This will make sure they don’t laugh until you’re finished with your sentence.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. G 39. A 40. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了幽默是可以慢慢培养的，并介绍了一些方法帮助读者拥有幽默感。
36空前“Some people even think being funny is something people are born with, not to be learned.(有些人甚至认为搞笑是与生俱来的，不是后天习得的)”讲述的是有些人认为搞笑是天生的；而下文从第二段开始就介绍了一些可以让自己变得幽默的方式。故空处需和上文存在转折关系并引出下文。选项F“However, the truth is that you can learn to be a funnier person.(然而，事实是你可以学会成为一个更有趣的人)”中的however是对上文的否定，主句内容又引出下文如何成为一个更有趣的人。故选F。
37根据下文“However, your audience will likely find that something that actually happened will be a little more humorous. Think of a few true funny things and tell those stories when it is proper.(然而，你的听众可能会发现实际发生的事情会更幽默一点。想一些真正有趣的事情，在适当的时候讲这些故事)”可知，讲笑话的时候也要看看时机。选项C“Sharing jokes is great at some point, too.(在某个时刻分享笑话才好)”与下文内容一致。故选C。
38根据上文“When you try to surprise your friends with a funny story or joke, put the surprise at the end.(当你想用一个有趣的故事或笑话给你的朋友一个惊喜时，把这个惊喜放在结尾)”可知，本段指的是要让结尾很好笑。选项G“This will make sure they don’t laugh until you’re finished with your sentence.(这可以确保他们在你说完之前不会笑)”内容上延续上文，说明了把有趣的故事或笑话放到结尾会达到的效果。故选G。
39空处为段首句，为本段中心句。下文“Check out comedy clubs in your area and study the comedians. (查看你所在地区的喜剧俱乐部并研究喜剧演员)”可知，本段建议读者去当地的喜剧俱乐部。选项A“Go to a local comedy club.(去当地的喜剧俱乐部)”与下文内容一致。故选A。
40空前“Keep a journal to record funny things.(写日记记录有趣的事情)”讲述了可以通过写日记的方式记录有趣的事情。选项E“Over time, this will help you have a better sense of humor.(随着时间的推移，这会帮助你拥有更好的幽默感)”内容上延续了上文，说明了写日记记录有趣的事情所带来的好处。故选E。
2021-2022辽宁省大连市第一〇三中学
C
What do you do at the end of the day when you re finished with work? How you spend your free time can have a big impact (影响) on your mental health, Hobbies can help you relax and ease pent-up (郁结的) stress caused by all that time in the office or in front of the computer. But, interestingly, how you spend your free time can also impact your work performance.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield’s Institute of Work Psychology in the UK found that developing hobbies can develop your confidence about how well you perform your job. But your hobby has to be significantly different from what you do from 9-to-5 work.
To study the connection between work and leisure (休闲) activities, researchers employed 129 people who worked and were active in hobbies like rock climbing, musical theater and singing. They had them complete surveys to see how serious and committed they were to their hobbies and how demanding their jobs were. Then, each month for seven months, participants were asked how many hours they spent on their hobbies and how they rated their ability to perform at work.
Researchers found that if people have hobbies similar to what they do at work and that they do in an intense (强烈的) way, their on the job confidence can suffer. It’s likely because their work and leisure time have the same mental and physical demands, so they’re always feeling drained.
In contrast, people who have hobbies different from their work are happier and healthier. This is also true of those who choose a similar hobby but only participate in a lighthearted way. Those playful recreations act as a barrier between their professional and personal lives, giving them rest time to “recharge their batteries”, the researchers say.
“When we feel like we have the confidence to handle challenges in our jobs. we’ re more likely to be able to build a sustainable (可持续的) job and remain healthy, productive, happy and employable over our lifetimes. It’s important to consider how our leisure activities might play a role in that process,” lead researcher Ciara Kelly said in a statement.
28. Why can your hobby improve your mental health?
A. It helps you to recover from your stress. B. It surely improve your physical strength.
C. It enables you to behave more actively. D. It increases your willingness to work hard.
29 Which of the following is advised according to paragraph 2?
A. A basketball coach goes running. B. A writer keeps a diary every day.
C. An e game developer surfs the Internet. D. A doctor sometimes climbs rocks.
30. What does the underlined word “drained” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Worried. B. Tired.
C. Unconfident. D. Disappointed.
31. How can people benefit from hobbies similar to their work?
A. Take them seriously. B. Set strict schedules for them.
C. Participate in them just for fun. D. Develop them into their business.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。英国谢菲尔德大学工作心理学研究所的研究人员发现，追求爱好可以增强你对自己工作表现的信心，但你的爱好必须与你朝九晚五的工作有显著的不同。
28细节理解题。根据第一段中的How you spend your free time can have a big impact (影响) on your mental health. Hobbies can help you relax and ease pent-up (郁结的) stress caused by all that time in the office or in front of the computer.(你如何度过空闲时间对你的精神健康有很大的影响。业余爱好可以帮助你放松，缓解由于长时间在办公室或电脑前而压抑的压力)可知，爱好可以提升一个人的精神健康，其原因在于它能帮助人放松，并缓解郁结的压力，从工作压力中恢复过来。故选A。
29推理判断题。根据第二段But your hobby has to be significantly different from what you do from 9-to-5 work.(但是你的爱好必须和你朝九晚五的工作有很大的不同)可知，D选项符合题意，医生有时去攀岩是符合研究结果的，因为攀岩这一兴趣与其医生工作差异最明显。故选D。
30词义猜测题。根据第四段可知，研究人员发现，如果人们的爱好与工作中所做的事情相似，并以一种强烈的方式追求，那么他们对工作的信心就会受到影响。这可能是因为他们的工作和休闲时间有相同的精神和身体需求，所以他们总是感到筋疲力尽。因此drained的意思与Tired的意思一致。故选B。
31细节理解题。根据第五段中的This is also true of those who choose a similar hobby but only participate in a lighthearted way.(这也适用于那些选择类似的爱好，但只以轻松的方式参与的人)可知，人们若想从与工作相似的爱好中获益的话最好以一种轻松的方式对待。因此选项C. Participate in them just for fun.(以娱乐为目的参与自己喜欢的活动)符合题意。故选C。
D
Rice is eaten all over the world in all different ways. No matter if your rice is white or brown, it has one thing in common, and that’s arsenic(砷). Now, researchers from the University of Sheffield say a new and simple way of cooking rice can remove this cancer-causing material while keeping the nutrients which make this food so good.
A team from the school’s Institute for Sustainable Food discovered the “parboiling with absorption method” (PBA) can cut down over half the naturally occurring arsenic in brown rice and 74 percent in white rice. More importantly, this home­friendly kitchen method saves the nutrients rice contains.
The PBA method first parboils(将煮到半熟) rice in pre-boiled-water for five minutes. The water is then emptied and fresh water is poured into the pot. From there, the rice is cooked normally at lower heat until the water is all taken in.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classed arsenic as a Group carcinogen, the material that can cause cancer. Unfortunately, rice has this water-soluble poison because it grows in flooded fields unlike many other grains(谷物).
Researchers say arsenic can affect every organ in the human body. It can also result in skin lesions, cancer, diabetes, and lung diseases. Rice tends to hold around 10 times more arsenic than other grains. It usually sits in the outer covering of the grain, which makes it more of problem in brown rice. White rice, which is milled(研磨), contains less arsenic but also has fewer nutrients due to the milling process.
“For people who eat rice, this is excellent news. There are concerns amongst the population about eating rice due to arsenic. Previous studies have shown that cooking rice in a lot of water could remove arsenic but the problem is it also removes nutrients,” says lead author Dr. Manoj Menon in a university release. “Our aim was to improve the method to remove arsenic while keeping maximum nutrients in the cooked rice. Our newly developed method, PBA, is easy and home­friendly so that everyone can use it. We don’t know the amount of arsenic in each packet of rice we buy; even though brown rice is nutritionally better than white rice as our data shows, it contains more arsenic than white rice. With our new method we are able to significantly reduce the arsenic while reducing the loss of key nutrients.”
32. What did the researchers try to do with rice?
A. To add more nutrients to it. B. To make it healthy and nutritious.
C. To use it as a cure for cancer. D. To recommend it as a popular food.
33. What can we learn about the PBA method?
A. It requires water to be changed during cooking.
B. It can remove arsenic completely from rice.
C. It can change the form of arsenic in rice.
D. It will be more effective under a high temperature.
34. What makes rice hold arsenic more than other grains?
A. Its milling process. B. Its high water content.
C. Its special structure. D. Its growing condition.
35. What does Dr. Manoj Menon say in the last paragraph?
A. Rice should be cooked with a small amount of water.
B. The PBA method can kill two birds with one stone.
C. The PBA method needs to be tested further in daily life.
D People liking rice should choose brown rice over white rice.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一种PBA大米烹饪法，能够显著减少大米中砷的含量，同时减少关键营养素的损失。
32细节理解题。根据文章第一段“No matter if your rice is white or brown, it has one thing in common, and that’s arsenic. Now, researchers from the University of Sheffield say a new and simple way of cooking rice can remove this cancer-causing material while keeping the nutrients which make this food so good.”（不管你吃的是白米还是糙米，它们都有一个共同点，那就是砷。现在，谢菲尔德大学的研究人员表示，一种新的简单的做饭方法可以去除这种致癌物质，同时保持使食物美味的营养物质。）及第二段内容可知，研究人员试图将砷从大米中去除并保持其营养物质，因此，他们试图使大米变得健康而富有营养。故选B项。
33细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The PBA method first parboils rice in pre-boiled-water for five minutes. The water is then emptied and fresh water is poured into the pot.”（PBA法首先将大米放入预沸的水中煮5分钟。然后把水倒出来，把新鲜水倒进锅里。）可知，PBA烹饪法需要在烹饪过程中更换水。故选A项。
34细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Unfortunately, rice has this water-soluble poison because it grows in flooded fields unlike many other grains.”（不幸的是，大米有这种水溶性毒素，因为它不像其它谷物它生长水淹的田地里。）可知，大米比起其它谷物含有更多砷是由于其生长环境。故选D项。
35推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Our aim was to improve the method to remove arsenic while keeping maximum nutrients in the cooked rice.(我们的目的是改进去除砷的方法，同时保持最大的营养成分)”和“With our new method we are able to significantly reduce the arsenic while reducing the loss of key nutrients.”（使用我们的新方法，我们能够显著减少砷的含量，同时减少关键营养素的损失。）可知，PBA烹饪法可以一举两得，不但能够显著减少砷的含量，同时能减少关键营养素的损失。故选B项。
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it comes to feeling good with ourselves and our lives, there are so many different things that could affect us and our environment. However, most of them are still within our control. ____36____
Smile
The muscles to smile in your face actually send signals to the brain to produce a feel-good chemical that will actually make you feel better. Smiling improves your mood, whether it’s genuine or not. Seriously—try it.
Take Care of Your Skin
Everyone needs to take care of their skin. ____37____ However, you don’t have to buy too many products—use what’s right for you. If needed, go to your skin doctor for advice.
Find a Relaxing Hobby
____38____Try and think of something you’d love to do that will help you relax. Whether it’s reading or playing guitar, choose something you’ll enjoy so you stick with it in the long run.
Express Admiration for Other People
You feel better when you praise someone else. When you are kind towards people, it will make you feel better as a result. In fact, positive feeling or idea works on others while working on yourself as well. ____39____
Make Time to Talk to Your Loved Ones
At times, you might find yourself being too busy to talk to your family or friends. ____40____ It will help you feel more realistic, more loved, and calmer. That would not take too much time, but it will make a huge difference in your day.
A. We really have so many things to be thankful for!
B. This will change the way you think and see things.
C. You should set aside some time to talk to someone you love.
D. We all need to stop worrying or thinking about problems at times.
E. In short, when you’re nice to others, you’ll feel much better about yourself.
F. We have decided to talk about some small things to make yourself feel better.
G. Maintaining your skin every day will ensure you start and finish your day in the best way possible.
【答案】36. F 37. G 38. D 39. E 40. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了可以影响我们以及环境的几种做法。
36根据上句“there are so many different things that could affect us and our environment. However, most of them are still within our control.(有很多事情会影响我们以及我们的环境，大部分事情还都在我们的控制之下)”可知下文将列举可以影响我们以及环境的几种做法，该句起到承上启下的作用。因此F项“We have decided to talk about some small things to make yourself feel better.(我们已经决定谈论几点让你们感觉较好的事情)”符合语境，故选F。
37根据上句第三段的小标题是“Take Care of Your Skin(照顾好你的皮肤)，以及第一句“Everyone needs to take care of their skin.(每个人都需要呵护好自己的皮肤)”可知要呵护自己的皮肤。因此空格处将进一步解释原因。G项“Maintaining your skin every day will ensure you start and finish your day in the best way possible.(每天保养你的皮肤将确保你以最好的方式开始和结束你的一天)”符合语境。故选G。
38根据第四段小标题“Find a Relaxing Hobby(培养一个令人放松的业余爱好)以及第二句和第三句列举了阅读和弹吉他等可以使你放松的业余爱好。由此可知空格处将说明培养业余爱好的目的。因此D项“ We all need to stop worrying or thinking about problems at times.(我们有时需要停止担忧和思考问题)”符合语境。故选D。
39根据第五段的小标题：“Express Admiration for Other People(赞美别人)”可知这一段说明赞美别人的好处。空格处要概括本段段意，起总结作用。因此E项“In short, when you’re nice to others, you’ll feel much better about yourself.(总之，当你赞美别人时，自己会感觉更好)”符合语境。故选E。
40根据上句“At times, you might find yourself being too busy to talk to your family or friends. (有时,你可能会发现自己太忙而不能和家人和朋友交流 )”可知由于忙碌缺乏交流。因此空格处应该是作者改变这种状况的建议。因此C项“You should set aside some time to talk to someone you love. (你应该抽出时间和你爱的人交流)”符合语境。故选C。
2021-2022天津北京师范大学静海附属学校
C
European rabbits might not be much to look at. They have a grayish-brown coat, small ears, and short legs. But these animals are not as ordinary as they seem. European rabbits live in grass habitats. They are somewhat picky eaters. They dig and disturb (弄乱) the ground while they look for food. “Their activities can create areas of bare (无遮蔽的) soil which plants require,” rabbit expert Diana Bell says.
Rabbits also contribute nutrients to the soil after they leave their waste there. Researchers have found that this activity benefits lowland grassland habitats, which can help maintain beneficial conditions for many plants, insects, and bird species. Without the help of rabbits, many of these species would have to leave the area or might even die out.
But due to threats such as disease, habitat loss, and hunting, the animals are classified as endangered in their native region, the Iberian Peninsula. One disease called myxomatosis is an insect-spread virus from South America that was intentionally introduced by a farmer in the mid-1950s to control the rabbit population. About 90% of European rabbits died during early outbreaks and the disease continues to affect rabbit populations on the Iberian Peninsula.
To help rabbit populations recover, Bell has suggestions in the habitat recovery project. She is encouraging people to do their part to help protect the rabbits. For instance, people can just create piles of branches and make sloping mounds of soil (土堆) in their spare time and then the rabbits can find cover. Actions like these won’t take people much energy or time, and over the past three years, researchers have found they are working. “Our work resulted in evidence of rabbit activity in significantly higher numbers,” Bell says.
Environmentalists have used other methods to help protect decreasing rabbit populations such as creating wildlife corridors, which are unbroken animal habitats that function like animal high-ways. “Efforts to reintroduce them on the Iberian Peninsula have been largely unsuccessful but we’ve managed to do this in the U.K.” Bell says.
46. What do we know about European rabbits?
A. They play a role in the grassland ecosystem.
B. Their appearance makes them unappreciated.
C. Their digging does harm to the local environment.
D. They prefer to cooperate with other species to avoid danger.
47. What can be concluded from the example mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. Wild animals adapt themselves slowly to foreign environments.
B. It is unwise to use viruses to control rabbit populations.
C. Inappropriate human activity may bring crisis to animals.
D. People should create more bare soil for European rabbits.
48. Which of the following can best describe Bell’s suggestions on protecting rabbits?
A. Practical but costly. B. Simple and effective.
C. Creative but unpopular. D. Traditional and acceptable.
49. What is the structure of the text?
A. 1/23/45 B. 1/234/5 C. 12/345 D. 12/3/45
50. What does the author intend to tell us in the text?
A. Ways to create a balanced ecosystem.
B. Reasons why European rabbits like digging.
C. Measures to control the spread of European rabbits.
D. Efforts to recover the population of European rabbits.
【答案】46. A 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍欧洲兔对草原生态系统所发挥的作用、其数量下降的原因以及恢复其数量的措施。
46细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第二句“Researchers have found that this activity benefits lowland grassland habitats, which can help maintain beneficial conditions for many plants, insects, and bird species.”（研究人员发现，这种活动有益于低地草原栖息地，有助于维持许多植物、昆虫和鸟类的有利条件。）可知，欧洲兔的活动对草原中的植物、昆虫和鸟类等其他生物有利，所以欧洲兔对草原生态系统发挥着一定的作用。故选A项。
47推理判断题。根据文章第三段的第二、三句“One disease called myxomatosis is an insect-spread virus from South America that was intentionally introduced by a farmer in the mid-1950s to control the rabbit population. About 90% of European rabbits died during early outbreaks and the disease continues to affect rabbit populations on the Iberian Peninsula.”（兔粘液瘤病来自南美洲，其病毒通过昆虫传播，在20世纪50年代中期，一个农民曾引入这种病，企图控制兔子的数量。90%的欧洲兔在疾病爆发早期就死亡了，之后疾病继续影响伊比利亚半岛的兔子数量。）可知，这个农民企图通过病毒控制兔子数量的这种行为是不恰当的，导致兔子濒临灭绝。由这个例子可得出，人类不当的活动可能会给动物带来危机。故选C项。
48推理判断题。根据文章第四段的倒数第二句“Actions like these won’t take people much energy or time, and over the past three years, researchers have found they are working.”（像这种做法是不会耗费人们太多的精力或时间的，在过去三年中，研究人员发现这些做法行之有效。），贝尔的建议做法不会耗费过多的精力和时间，所以这些做法是简单的，即simple；过去三年里，这些做法正在发挥作用，说明是有效的，即effective。所以B项simple and effective是最能形容贝尔保护兔子的建议的。故选B项。
49推理判断题。文章第一、二段主要讲欧洲兔的行为习惯以及由此对草原生态系统所起到的作用；第三段主要讲欧洲兔由于人类不当的行为而面临灭绝的危机；第四、五段主要讲恢复欧洲兔的数量的措施。所以文章的结构可划分为：12/3/45。故选D项。
50推理判断题。从全文来看，文章一开始介绍欧洲兔对生态环境所起到的作用，接着提出欧洲兔由于人类不当的活动而濒临灭绝，从而引出贝尔以及环境学家所提出的恢复兔子数量的措施。所以，本文作者主要想告诉我们人们恢复欧洲兔数量所付出的努力。故选D项。
2021-2022天津河东区
C
Spider monkeys know that the best way to find food is in a group. But when they divide to hunt for fruit, there’s no random (随意的) pairing off. Researchers have found that they use collective computation (群体计算) when they break up into teams.
Typically, the older females lead the rest of the younger monkeys, having the final say in group activities. But that’s not the case for wild spider monkeys living in a protected area near Punta Laguna, Mexico.
When they’re ready to search for food, the monkeys form teams without a single leader picking who goes into which group. Instead, each monkey decides which group to join and when to move to another group.
“The spider monkeys seem to be collecting information about resources by forming these small teams, so that as a group they know their environment better than anyone does on its own,” lead study author, Gabriel Ramos-Femandez of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, said.
To study the animals’ behavior, researchers spent two years recording 47 different spider monkeys for five hours each day. For hunting for food, they usually formed groups of 2 to 17 monkeys. Researchers worked together with the scientists to find out how a spider monkey decided to stay with or leave a group. Their study found that the monkeys’ decisions were influenced by the decisions of the other monkeys on the team. They would feel out their teammates about the best size and then make their own decisions accordingly.
The results produced teams of many different sizes, which were helpful in finding fruit in the forest. The researchers said that the collectively computed sizes were sometimes not a perfect match based on the food that was available. They suggest a similar study should be used to examine how other groups or systems work, such as flocks of birds or schools of fish.
43. How do spider monkeys living near Punta Laguna differ from the typical ones?
A. They can live better even in bad weather conditions.
B. The sizes of their teams are decided by each of them.
C. The older monkeys play a leading role in a team.
D. They usually take turns to look for food.
44. Why do spider monkeys divide into small groups according to Ramos-Femandez?
A. To take better care of little spider monkeys.
B. To protect their homes from being damaged.
C. To fight against their natural enemies more easily.
D. To develop a good knowledge of their environment.
45. What will probably cause a spider monkey to leave its team?
A. Its teammates’ choices.
B The sudden danger that appears.
C. The unfair treatment from teammates.
D. Its disappointment with the amount of food.
【答案】43. B 44. D 45. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当蜘蛛猴分成团队寻找食物时，它们是如何使用“群体计算”这一与众不同的方法的。
43细节理解题。根据第二段“Typically, the older females lead the rest of the younger monkeys, having the final say in group activities. But that’s not the case for wild spider monkeys living in a protected area near Punta Laguna, Mexico. (通常情况下，年长的雌性猴子会领导其他年轻的猴子，在集体活动中拥有最后的发言权。但生活在墨西哥蓬塔拉古纳附近保护区的野生蜘蛛猴却不是这样)”和第三段“When they’re ready to search for food, the monkeys form teams without a single leader picking who goes into which group. Instead, each monkey decides which group to join and when to move to another group.( 当猴子准备寻找食物时，猴子组成团队，没有一单个的领导挑选谁进入哪个组。相反，由每只猴子自己决定加入哪一组，以及何时转移到另一组)”可知，Punta Laguna附近的猴子与典型的猴子不同在于他们不是由领导挑选组队，而是由他们自己决定。所以说，他们团队的规模是由每个猴子自己决定的。故选B项。
44细节理解题。根据第四段Ramos-Femandez的话“The spider monkeys seem to be collecting information about resources by forming these small teams, so that as a group they know their environment better than anyone does on its own, (蜘蛛猴似乎是通过组建这些小团队来收集资源信息，这样作为一个群体，他们就比任何一个单个个体都更了解自己的环境)”可知，蜘蛛猴之所以要分成小组是为了让自己更好地了解它们的环境。故选D项。
45推理判断题。根据第五段“Researchers worked together with the scientists to find out how a spider monkey decided to stay with or leave a group. Their study found that the monkeys’ decisions were influenced by the decisions of the other monkeys on the team. (研究人员与科学家们一起研究蜘蛛猴是如何决定留在或离开一个群体的。他们的研究发现，猴子的决定会受到团队中其他猴子的决定的影响)”可知，一个蜘蛛猴的去留受到团队中其他猴子的决定的影响，也就是说，队友的选择会使得一个蜘蛛猴离开它的团队。故选A项。
2021-2022天津市部分学校
C
Diwali（Deepavali）is a festival of lights observed in October or November each year in Canada. During the festival, various community groups, businesses, schools and associations celebrate it in different ways. Some companies have Diwali dinners and some communities organize gatherings that feature firework displays, dances, street lighting, and plays.
Many women wear fine jewelry and silk outfits to celebrate Diwali. Some women and girls use Mehendi, a dye decoration which can last a limited time, on their palms, and then they will finally get colorful hand paintings. Many homes that celebrate Diwali have various types of sweets, salty and spiced food as well as Diwali herbs （香料）. Various lights, candles and sparklers are lit inside and outside homes, particularly in courtyards, on Diwali. Diwali is not a nationwide public holiday in Canada but it is a prevalent festival celebrated in many towns and cities. There may be traffic jams and parking places may be full in areas where events are held to celebrate Diwali. Some Indian businesses may close early on Diwali.
Diwali is called the "Festival of Lights" and is celebrated to honor Rama, a hero who once fought and won a battle against the demons（恶魔）. In the past, people lit their houses to celebrate his victory over demons（light over darkness）. At the same time, every household did careful and complete cleaning at home in advance. It is believed that the goddess of happiness and good fortune, Lakshmi travels around the Earth on this day and enters the house that is pure, clean, and bright.
Diwali celebrations may vary in different communities but its spiritual meaning is generally "the awareness of the inner light". As the word “Deepavali” means “a row or cluster of light”, the festival symbolizes the victory of righteousness and the lifting of spiritual darkness.
46. What can we learn about Diwali from the first two paragraphs?
A. It is celebrated on a fixed day.
B. It centers on various local food.
C. People stay up late to prepare for It.
D. People from all walks of life enjoy celebrating it.
47. What does the underlined word "prevalent" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Popular. B. Free.
C. Serious. D. Funny.
48. According to Paragraph 3, why did people make their houses bright and clean on Diwali?
A. To pray for good journey.
B. To expect joy and good luck.
C. To create a romantic atmosphere.
D. To welcome their friends to visit.
49. What's the present meaning of Diwali?
A. Showing respect for others.
B. Staying straight and positive.
C. Valuing your family members.
D. Improving your living environment.
50. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A. To stress the importance of a public holiday.
B. To tell an interesting story about a Canadian festival.
C. To briefly introduce a traditional festival in Canada.
D. To show different holiday celebrations in Western cultures.
【答案】46. D 47. A 48. B 49. B 50. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大的一个传统节日——排灯节。
46推理判断题。根据第一段中“During the festival, various community groups, businesses, schools and associations celebrate it in different ways. (在节日期间，不同社区团体、企业、学校和协会以不同的方式庆祝它。)”以及第二段中“Diwali is not a nationwide public holiday in Canada but it is a prevalent festival celebrated in many towns and cities. (排灯节不是加拿大全国性的公共节日，但却是许多城镇prevalent庆祝的节日。)”可以推知，各行各业的人都喜欢庆祝排灯节。故选D项。
47词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线词句前一句“Various lights, candles and sparklers are lit inside and outside homes, particularly in courtyards, on Diwali.( 在排灯节上，各种各样的灯、蜡烛和火花在室内外被点燃，特别是在庭院里。)”可知，排灯节时，到处都是灯火，再根据划线词句“Diwali is not a nationwide public holiday in Canada but it is a prevalent festival celebrated in many towns and cities. (排灯节不是加拿大全国性的公共节日，但却是许多城镇prevalent庆祝的节日。)”转折的语义可知，Diwali(排灯节)虽然不是公共节日，但是许多城镇，家家户户，室内室外到处都在欢喜地庆祝节日，划线词汇prevalent应是“具有公众性的；普遍性的”的意思，选项A“普遍的；受欢迎的”与之意义最为接近，故选A项。
48细节理解题。根据第三段中“At the same time, every household did careful and complete cleaning at home in advance. It is believed that the goddess of happiness and good fortune, Lakshmi travels around the Earth on this day and enters the house that is pure, clean, and bright.(与此同时，家家户户都提前在家里做了细致彻底的大扫除。人们相信，幸福和好运女神Lakshmi在这一天环游地球，进入纯净、干净和明亮的房子。)”可知，人们在排灯节把房子打扫得又亮又干净是期待快乐和好运。故选B项。
49推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As the word ‘Deepavali’ means ‘a row or cluster of light’, the festival symbolizes the victory of righteousness and the lifting of spiritual darkness. (因为‘Deepavali’这个词的意思是‘一排或一簇光’，这个节日象征着正义的胜利和精神黑暗的解除。)”可知，排灯节现在的意义是保持正直和积极的态度和精神。故选B项。
50推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Diwali（Deepavali）is a festival of lights observed in October or November each year in Canada. (排灯节是加拿大每年10月或11月的灯节。)”等可知，本文写作目的是简要介绍了加拿大的一个传统节日——排灯节。故选C项。
2021-2022天津市第二南开学校
C
After work, you go back home, open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered to your home. This is how many young people eat in China these days. According to the latest report from the China Internet Network Information Center, 421 million Chinese people use online food delivery services. That’s equal to half of the total number of Internet users in China.
Which group of people is ordering food online the most? For sure, it is mainly young people. A recent report that was published by the China Hospitality Association and Meituan, a food delivery service, showed that 86.3 percent of the service’s users are between 20 and 34 years old. These people, are the main force driving the development of the food delivery industry.
Small families rely largely on food delivery services. According to the National Bureau Statistics, Chinese families have changed in size over the past ten years. In 2002, only 7.7 percent of families have only one person. But this number increased to 15.6 percent in 2017. The percentage of two-person families rose from 18.4 in 2002 to 27.2 in 2017. For small families, cooking always takes a lot of time and energy, so ordering food online has become more popular.
The improvement of China’s food delivery services has also made more customers interested. According to Meituan’s report, the average time it takes to make a food delivery dropped from 38 minutes in 2016 to 29 minutes in 2020. Many delivery platforms are also offering more services, delivering products such as fruit, vegetables, medicine and even flowers. As their services continue to improve, it’s certain that the food delivery industry will keep growing in the future.
39. The writer leads into the topic by ________.
A. giving an example B. telling a story
C. making a comparison D. answering a question
40. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. Food delivery has developed rapidly.
B Food delivery is popular with young people
C. More and more people will live in small families.
D. Most Internet users like to order food on Meituan.
41. The underlined word “rely” in the passage has the same meaning as “________”.
A. work B. come
C. depend D. rest
42. According to the Paragraph 4, more people are interested in China’s food delivery services because of ________.
(1) varied products
(2) the terrible weather
(3) deliverymen’s kindness
(4) the fast speed of delivery
A. (1)(2) B. (3)(4)
C. (2)(3) D. (1)(4)
43. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. China’s food delivery industry is growing
B. Fewer people in China like home cooking
C. The number of Internet users in China is rising
D. Food delivery services bring people convenience
【答案】39. A 40. B 41. C 42. D 43. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国外卖行业的蓬勃发展。
39推理判断题。根据第一段“After work, you go back home, open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered to your home.（下班后，你回到家，打开一个应用程序，下订单，然后等待你的食物被送到你家。）”可推断，作者通过举例来切入主题。故选A。
40主旨大意题。根据第二段“Which group of people is ordering food online the most? For sure, it is mainly young people.（哪一群人在网上订餐最多?当然，主要是年轻人。）”可知，第二段主要讲述的是外卖在年轻人中很受欢迎。故选B。
41词义猜测题。根据后文“For small families, cooking always takes a lot of time and energy, so ordering food online has become more popular.（对于小家庭来说，做饭总是要花费很多时间和精力，所以网上订餐变得越来越流行。）”可知，本段讲述的是小家庭主要依靠外卖服务，所以rely是“依靠”的意思。故选C。
42细节理解题。根据最后一段“According to Meituan’s report, the average time it takes to make a food delivery dropped from 38 minutes in 2016 to 29 minutes in 2020. Many delivery platforms are also offering more services, delivering products such as fruit, vegetables, medicine and even flowers.（根据美团的报告，送餐的平均时间从2016年的38分钟下降到2020年的29分钟。许多快递平台也在提供更多的服务，递送水果、蔬菜、药品甚至鲜花等产品。）”可知，更多的人对中国的外卖服务感兴趣一方面是因为交货速度快，另一方面是它产品多。故选D。
43主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As their services continue to improve, it’s certain that the food delivery industry will keep growing in the future.（随着服务的不断改善，外卖行业在未来肯定会继续增长。）”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了外卖行业的蓬勃发展。所以“China’s food delivery industry is growing(中国的外卖行业正在增长)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
D
Most of us know about the Nobel Prize, especially the Nobel Peace Prize, but few of us know anything about the man who set it up. His name was Alfred Nobel. He was a great scientist and inventor himself. Besides, he had a big business. His business may surprise you. He made and sold explosives (炸药). His companies even made and sold weapons (武器). Isn’t this something that surprises you? The man who made money from weapons should set up the Nobel Peace Prize?
Though Alfred Nobel had a lot of money from weapons, he hated war. He hoped that there would be no war in the world. He was one of the richest in Europe. When he died in 1896, he left behind him a lot of money and his famous will. According to his will, most of his money was placed in a fund. He wanted the interest (利息) from the fund to be used as prizes every year. We know them as the Nobel Prizes. The Nobel Prizes are international. Alfred Nobel wanted the winners to be chosen for their work, not the country they came from.
Alfred Nobel had given his whole life to his studies and work and to the benefits of mankind. He made money all by his own efforts, but he let the world share his wealth. His inventions and wealth stay with the world for ever.
44. What was Alfred’s business?
A. Making explosives and selling weapons. B. Not making and selling weapons.
C. Making and selling explosives and weapons. D. Making weapons and selling explosives.
45. Where do the Nobel Prizes come from?
A All the interest from the fund. B. All Nobel’s money in his company.
C. All Nobel’s money in the fund. D. Some of the interest in the fund.
46. Nobel was a ( an ) person in the world.
A. interesting B. kind-hearted C. unselfish D. richest
【答案】44. C 45. A 46. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了诺贝尔奖的创办人Alfred Nobel是一位著名的发明家和工业家，其一生努力工作，也是欧洲最富有的人之一，他无私的把自己攒下的积蓄和世界分享的故事。
44细节理解题。根据第一段中“His business may surprise you. He made and sold explosives (炸药). His companies even made and sold weapons (武器).”（他的生意可能会让你大吃一惊。他制造并销售炸药。他的公司甚至制造和销售武器。）可知，生意是制作炸药和武器。故答案选C。
45细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to his will, most of his money was placed in a fund. He wanted the interest (利息) from the fund to be used as prizes every year.”(根据他的遗嘱，他的大部分钱都存入了一个基金。他希望每年都把基金的利息用作奖金。)可知，诺贝尔的奖金来自于基金的利息。故选A。
46推理判断题。根据最后一段“Alfred Nobel had given his whole life to his studies and work and to the benefits of mankind. He made money all by his own efforts, but he let the world share his wealth. His inventions and wealth stay with the world for ever.”(阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔把他的一生都献给了他的研究和工作，以及造福人类。他所有的钱都是靠自己的努力赚来的，但他让世界分享他的财富。他的发明和财富将永远与世人同在。)可知，他与全世界分享他的发明和财富，他是一个无私的人。故选C。