01 Unit 3词汇篇-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习(人教版2019必修第一册)

2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习过过过(人教版2019必修第一册)

 Unit 3词汇

1. honour n. 荣誉; 尊敬; 荣幸; 尊重; 头衔

【教材原句】

As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. (P38)

作为一名运动员, 郎平为她的国家赢得了荣誉。

【词汇拓展】

 in honour of sb. /sth. =in sb’s. /sth’s. honour向某人或某物表示敬意; 为了纪念某人或某物

be an honour to sb. /sth.   是某人/某物的光荣

have the honour of doing sth. 有幸做某事

It’s an honour to do. . .   很荣幸做……

honour. . . for. . .     因为……而纪念……

in honour of              出于对……的敬意; 为了纪念……

2. injure vt. 使受伤; 损害; 伤害

【典型例句】

After suffering a serious injury, he could do nothing but sit on the stand to watch others playing football on the playground. 在遭受了严重的受伤之后, 他除了坐在看台上观看操场上其他足球队员比赛之外什么也做不了。

【词汇拓展】

 (3)injure one’s health 损害某人的健康

injure one’s feelings 伤害某人的感情

injure one’s reputation 损害某人的名誉

3. failure　n. [U] 失败, 衰竭; 故障;  [C] 失败的人或事物

【教材原句】 Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. (P38)乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训。

【词汇拓展】

(1)fail 　　　　　　　 vt. &vi 失败; 没做成

fail to do sth.     未做成……

(2)heart failure   心脏衰竭

power failure    停电

4. stress n. 压力; 紧张; 重音; vt. 使紧张; 重读; 强调; 使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安

【典型例句】

 Exercise can make people feel more energetic, less stressed and, yes, happier. 锻炼可以使人们感觉更有精力, 不那么有压力, 是的, 更快乐。

【词汇拓展】

(1)under stress　　　　　　在压力之下

put sb. under great stress  使某人感到沉重的压力

lay/place/put stress on sth.  强调某事物

(2)stress the importance of 强调……的重要性

(3)stressful  adj.    有压力的

5. rather than而不是

【典型例句】

It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. 是文化而不是语言使他很难适应国外的新环境。

【词汇拓展】

other than　　　 不同于; 除了……外

or rather   更确切地说

more than   多于; 不仅仅; 非常

prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. /

would do sth. rather than do sth. /

would rather do sth. than do sth. 宁愿做……而不愿做……

6. A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.  

足球队员不应该假摔即使这样会帮助他/她的球队。

【典型例句】

Children will act positively when they are praised,  even if it is just a nod with a smile. 当孩子们受到赞扬的时候他们会表现得很积极, 即使仅仅是一个微笑着点头的动作。

【句型公式】

even if/even though通常引导让步状语从句, 意为“即使, 尽管”, 所引导的从句常用一般现在时表示将来。在主从句主语相同时也可采用省略句结构。

as if/as though意为“好像、好似”。

7. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique.  

乔丹的技巧给人们留下了深刻的印象, 但是他所展示的精神力量使得他与众不同。

【典型例句】

Though injured seriously, he tried to cheer up, hoping to make his parents less worried. 虽然受伤很严重, 他依然努力振作, 希望能使他的父母不那么担心。

【句型公式】 “make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构有以下几种形式:

(2)make+形式宾语it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语

make it+adj. /n. +(for sb. )to do(其中it作形式宾语, 动词不定式是真正的宾语)

make+it+形容词/名词+that从句

make+it+no good/no use. . . +doing sth.

(3)常用于这种句型的动词还有: think, consider, find, feel等。

8. pretend vi. &vt. 假装; 装扮

【典型例句】

I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine. 我一直在对自己撒谎, 假装一切都很好。

【词汇拓展】

9. compete vi. 对抗; 竞争

【典型例句】 To compete more effectively with others, more and more people equip themselves with a higher education. 为了更有效地与他人竞争, 越来越多的人用更高级的教育武装自己。

【词汇拓展】

(1)compete in. . . 　　　参加……比赛

compete against/with  与……比赛

compete for. . .    为争取/得到……而比赛/竞争

(2)competition    n. 比赛

competitive    adj. 有竞争力的

competitor     n.  竞争者; 对手

10. come along跟随; 到达; 进步; 赶快

【典型例句】

Would you like to come along with us to the film tonight? 今晚你愿意和我们一起去看电影吗?

【词汇拓展】

come about　　　　 　发生

come across    (偶然)遇见

come up with    追上; 赶上; 想出(主意); 提出

come out     出现, 结果是; 出版

come to     恢复知觉; 共计; 达到(某种状态)

when it comes to. . .   当谈到……

11. work out锻炼; 计算出; 解决; 制定出; 发展

【典型例句】

 Sometimes parents should leave their children to work out problems in their own fashion. 有时父母应该让孩子以自己的方式解决问题。

【词汇拓展】

work on　　　　　从事于, 致力于

work up 激起热情, 逐步完善

第一部分  单元词汇默写本

Ⅰ. 核心单词

1. __________　　   n. 健康; 健壮; 适合

2. __________    vt. 使出汗vi. 出汗n. 汗水; 出汗

3. __________    n. 传奇故事(或人物); 传说

4. __________     n. 高手; 主人vt. 精通; 掌握

5. __________    adv. 分离; 分开; 成碎片

6. __________      n. 力量; 体力

7. __________    vi. &vt. 假装; 装扮

8. __________    vi. 作弊vt. 欺骗n. 欺骗手段; 骗子

9. __________    adj. 积极的; 正面的; 乐观的; 肯定的

10. __________    n. 规定饮食; 日常饮食vi. 节食

Ⅱ. 拓展单词

1. honour n. 荣誉; 尊敬; 荣幸vt. 给予表扬→__________ adj. 光荣的; 可敬的; 高贵的

2. glory n. 荣誉; 光荣; 赞美→__________ adj. 光荣的; 辉煌的; 极好的

3. champion n. 冠军; 优胜者→__________ n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛; 冠军称号

4. determine vi. &vt. 决定; 确定→__________ n. 决心; 决定→__________ adj. 有决心的

5. injure vt. 使受伤; 损害→__________ n. 损伤; 伤害→__________ adj. 受伤的→__________ adj. 有害的

6. grace n. 优雅; 恩惠; 魅力; 慈悲→__________ adj. 优美的; 优雅的→__________ adj. 和蔼的; 慈祥的

7. fail vi. 失败 vt. 不及格; 使失望→__________ n. 失败; 失败的人(或事物)

8. compete vi. 竞争; 对抗→__________ n. 竞争者; 对手→__________ adj. 竞争的; 有竞争力的

9. stress n. 压力; 紧张; 重音vt. 强调; 重读; 使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安→__________ adj. 紧张的; 感到有压力的→__________ adj.  有压力的

10. athlete n. 运动员; 运动健儿→__________ adj. 运动的; 运动员的; 体格健壮的

III.核心短语

1. __________    跟随; 到达; 进步; 赶快 

2. __________    获得成功; 准时到达 

3. __________    破裂; 破碎; 崩溃 

4. __________    丧失信心; 泄气 

5. __________    放弃; 投降 

6. __________    有道理; 合乎情理; 表述清楚 

7. __________       即使; 虽然 

8. __________          有作用或影响 

9. __________    而不是 

10. __________    停止做; 剪下

IV.经典句式

1. 句型公式: make+宾语+宾语补足语

Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed __________________(使得他与众不同).  

2. 句型公式:  even if/even though引导让步状语从句

A soccer player should not pretend to fall down __________________(即使这样会帮助他/她的球队).  

第二部分  单元词汇运用

Ⅰ. 单词拼写

1. Beijing managed to ____________(主办) the Olympic Games in 2008.

2. There seemed to be no hope. But the ____________(队长) told them not to give up hope.

3. These football players run around the ____________(跑道) for fifteen minutes to warm up every morning.

4. The man wiped the ____________(汗水) off his face and went on working.

5. The volleyball game is supposed to be held in the ____________(体育馆) of our school.

6. Do you know how many ____________(运动员) will take part in the 2022 Olympic Winter Games? 

7. Everyone has his own ____________(优点) and weaknesses.

8. Lucy is very learned,  and she ____________(掌握) five languages.

9. Lang Ping encouraged the team to win the ____________(冠军称号).

10. The gold ____________(奖牌) was awarded to the Chinese Swimming Team.

Ⅱ. 单句语法填空

1. You should do exercise for about half an hour every day to ____________(strength) your body.

2. All of my exercises ____________(do) when you asked me yesterday.  

3. In this center,  you will get various ways to improve physical ____________(fit).

4. His ____________(determine) to overcome difficulties always encourages himself to keep trying.

5. The young lady made ____________(grace) movements when skiing.

6. My ____________(injure) ankle hurt so badly that I couldn’t move on.

7. After years of working hard,  the man managed to make ____________. His dream came true.

8. I feel ____________(honour) to be invited to give a speech at the opening ceremony.

9. Having walked anxiously for about an hour in the forest,  we failed ____________(find) our way out.  

10. I ____________(work) hard,  so now I’m going to have a rest.  

11. It’s not a good idea to pretend ____________(know) the answer to the question and refuse others’ help.  

12. We were both excited and worried to compete ____________ the strongest basketball team in the city.

13. When you feel ____________(stress), you can chat with someone or listen to music to make yourself relaxed.

14. She is on a diet, hoping to become ____________(slim).

15. ____________(compare) to the US translator, the Chinese female translator at China-US talks performed far better.

16. He was caught ____________(cheat) in the mid-term exam.

Ⅲ. 选词填空

give up,  at home and abroad,  take part in,  fall apart,  lose heart,  work out,  set an example,  because of,  keep track of

1. On the Internet,  we can learn about what is going on ____________.  

2. I feel better because I keep a healthy diet and ____________ regularly to be physically fit.  

3. I feel sorry to know your grades have been slipping down(下滑) ____________ your pride and laziness.  

4. Last weekend,  I ____________ an activity to visit the elderly people in the nursing home.  

5. Doctor Zhang Dingyu has ____________ for all of us and we must learn from him.  

6. The world’s transport systems would ____________ without a supply of electricity.  

7. If it’s rainy tomorrow,  we had better ____________ the idea of playing tennis outside.  

8. No matter what difficulties we may face,  we should never ____________.  

9. The police have been ____________ the underground plant for three months.  

Ⅲ. 完成句子

1. ________________________ he talked with me, telling me the ways to learn maths and encouraging me to keep on trying.  

他时常与我谈话, 告诉我学数学的方法, 并鼓励我继续努力。

2. What attracted me is her personality ________________________ her beauty.  

吸引我的是她的品格, 而不是她的美。

3. The taste of the dishes in this restaurant is better ________________________ that in that one.  

这家饭店菜的味道与那家比起来更好一些。

4. Many schools ________________________ foreign language education.  

很多学校重视外语教育。

5. Johnson likes to ________________________ his favorite pictures from the magazine.  

约翰逊喜欢从杂志上剪下他喜欢的图片。

6. I hope my behaviour will ________________________ to people’s attitude towards sorting garbage.  

我希望我的行为能对人们对于垃圾分类的态度起到作用。

7. What you have done these days really ________________________.  

你这些天的作为很有意义。

参考答案

第一部分  单元词汇默写本

Ⅰ. 1. fitness　　   n. 健康; 健壮; 适合

2. sweat    vt. 使出汗vi. 出汗n. 汗水; 出汗

3. legend    n. 传奇故事(或人物); 传说

4. master     n. 高手; 主人vt. 精通; 掌握

5. apart    adv. 分离; 分开; 成碎片

6. strength   n. 力量; 体力

7. pretend    vi. &vt. 假装; 装扮

8. cheat    vi. 作弊vt. 欺骗n. 欺骗手段; 骗子

9. positive    adj. 积极的; 正面的; 乐观的; 肯定的

10. diet    n. 规定饮食; 日常饮食vi. 节食

Ⅱ. 1. honour n. 荣誉; 尊敬; 荣幸vt. 给予表扬→honourable adj. 光荣的; 可敬的; 高贵的

2. glory n. 荣誉; 光荣; 赞美→glorious adj. 光荣的; 辉煌的; 极好的

3. champion n. 冠军; 优胜者→championship n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛; 冠军称号

4. determine vi. &vt. 决定; 确定→determination n. 决心; 决定→determined

adj. 有决心的

5. injure vt. 使受伤; 损害→injury n. 损伤; 伤害→injured adj. 受伤的→injurious adj. 有害的

6. grace n. 优雅; 恩惠; 魅力; 慈悲→graceful adj. 优美的; 优雅的→gracious adj. 和蔼的; 慈祥的

7. fail vi. 失败 vt. 不及格; 使失望→failure n. 失败; 失败的人(或事物)

8. compete vi. 竞争; 对抗→competitor n. 竞争者; 对手→competitive adj. 竞争的; 有竞争力的

9. stress n. 压力; 紧张; 重音vt. 强调; 重读; 使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安→stressed adj. 紧张的; 感到有压力的→stressful adj.  有压力的

10. athlete n. 运动员; 运动健儿→athletic adj. 运动的; 运动员的; 体格健壮的

III.1. come along    跟随; 到达; 进步; 赶快 

2. make it     获得成功; 准时到达 

3. fall apart    破裂; 破碎; 崩溃 

4. lose heart    丧失信心; 泄气 

5. give up     放弃; 投降 

6. make sense    有道理; 合乎情理; 表述清楚 

7. even if/though   即使; 虽然 

8. make a difference  有作用或影响 

9. rather than    而不是 

10. cut. . . out    停止做; 剪下

IV.1. 句型公式: make+宾语+宾语补足语

Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique(使得他与众不同).  

2. 句型公式:  even if/even though引导让步状语从句

A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team(即使这样会帮助他/她的球队).  

第二部分  单元词汇运用

Ⅰ. 1. Beijing managed to host(主办) the Olympic Games in 2008.

2. There seemed to be no hope. But the captain(队长) told them not to give up hope.

3. These football players run around the track(跑道) for fifteen minutes to warm up every morning.

4. The man wiped the sweat(汗水) off his face and went on working.

5. The volleyball game is supposed to be held in the stadium(体育馆) of our school.

6. Do you know how many athletes(运动员) will take part in the 2022 Olympic Winter Games? 

7. Everyone has his own strengths(优点) and weaknesses.

8. Lucy is very learned,  and she masters(掌握) five languages.

9. Lang Ping encouraged the team to win the championship(冠军称号).

10. The gold medal(奖牌) was awarded to the Chinese Swimming Team.

Ⅱ. 1. You should do exercise for about half an hour every day to strengthen(strength) your body.

2. All of my exercises had been done(do) when you asked me yesterday.  

3. In this center,  you will get various ways to improve physical fitness(fit).

4. His determination(determine) to overcome difficulties always encourages himself to keep trying.

5. The young lady made graceful(grace) movements when skiing.

6. My injured(injure) ankle hurt so badly that I couldn’t move on.

7. After years of working hard,  the man managed to make it. His dream came true.

8. I feel honoured(honour) to be invited to give a speech at the opening ceremony.

9. Having walked anxiously for about an hour in the forest,  we failed to find(find) our way out.  

10. I have been working(work) hard,  so now I’m going to have a rest.  

11. It’s not a good idea to pretend to know(know) the answer to the question and refuse others’ help.  

12. We were both excited and worried to compete with/against the strongest basketball team in the city.

13. When you feel stressed(stress), you can chat with someone or listen to music to make yourself relaxed.

14. She is on a diet, hoping to become slimmer(slim).

15. Compared(compare) to the US translator, the Chinese female translator at China-US talks performed far better.

16. He was caught cheating(cheat) in the mid-term exam.

Ⅲ. 1. On the Internet,  we can learn about what is going on at home and abroad.  

2. I feel better because I keep a healthy diet and work out regularly to be physically fit.  

3. I feel sorry to know your grades have been slipping down(下滑) because of your pride and laziness.  

4. Last weekend,  I took part in an activity to visit the elderly people in the nursing home.  

5. Doctor Zhang Dingyu has set an example for all of us and we must learn from him.  

6. The world’s transport systems would fall apart without a supply of electricity.  

7. If it’s rainy tomorrow,  we had better give up the idea of playing tennis outside.  

8. No matter what difficulties we may face,  we should never lose heart.  

9. The police have been keeping track of the underground plant for three months.  

Ⅲ. 1. Now and then he talked with me, telling me the ways to learn maths and encouraging me to keep on trying.  

2. What attracted me is her personality rather than her beauty.  

3. The taste of the dishes in this restaurant is better compared to/with that in that one.  

4. Many schools place stress on foreign language education.  

5. Johnson likes to cut out his favorite pictures from the magazine.  

6. I hope my behaviour will make a difference to people’s attitude towards sorting garbage.  

7. What you have done these days really makes much sense.