2023届高考英语二轮复习形容词和副词（练）作业含答案

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习形容词和副词（练）作业含答案，文件包含第03讲形容词和副词练-2023年高考英语一轮复习全国通用教师版docx、第03讲形容词和副词练-2023年高考英语一轮复习全国通用学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共17页， 欢迎下载使用。
  第03讲 形容词和副词 （练）一、单项选择1．Though the pretty girl got what she had listed on the paper, she looked at the shop window with ________ eyes.A．crucial B．fierce C．uncomplicated D．greedy【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然那个漂亮的女孩得到了她在单子上所列的东西，但她还是贪婪地看着商店的橱窗。A. crucial关键的；B. fierce强烈的；C. uncomplicated不复杂的；D. greedy贪婪的。根据“Though the pretty girl got what she had listed on the paper,”可知，女孩用贪婪的眼睛看着橱窗。故选D。2．This letter is really ________ to me because it’s the last one that Pete ever wrote.A．precise B．previous C．precious D．present【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这封信对我来说很珍贵，因为这是皮特写的最后一封信。A. precise精确的；B. previous先前的；C. precious珍贵的；D. present现在的。由“it’s the last one that Pete ever wrote”可知，这是皮特写的最后一封信，因此很珍贵，故选C。3．True friends are people who      face extreme hardship to save each other.A．are about to B．are blind to C．are willing to D．are likely to【答案】C【解析】考查短语。句意：真正的朋友是愿意面对极端困难来拯救彼此的人。A. are about to马上；B. are blind to对……视而不见；C. are willing to愿意；D. are likely to可能。根据句意可知，此处表示“真正的朋友是愿意面对极端困难来拯救彼此的人”，故选C。4．Despite previous failed attempts, the scientists believed they would make a major breakthrough in the ________ experiments.A．critical B．subsequent C．delayed D．extended【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管之前的尝试都失败了，但科学家们相信他们将在随后的实验中取得重大突破。 A. critical关键的；批评的；B. subsequent随后的；接着的；C. delayed延误的；D. extended延长了的。根据前文的previous可推断，此处说的是随后的实验，故选B。5．This house in Tokyo, known as House NA, is completely _______. Everything indoors is exposed to neighbors and passersby.A．abundant B．luxurious C．addictive D．transparent【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这座位于东京的房子被称为NA住宅，是完全透明的。室内的一切都暴露在邻居和路人面前。A. abundant丰富的；B. luxurious豪华的；C. addictive使人上瘾的；D. transparent透明的。根据“Everything indoors is exposed to neighbors and passersby.”可知，这种房子是透明的。故选D。6．Smart homes can warn you early on if there is something ______ of your health, and ______ save your life.A．abnormal; potentially B．usual; possiblyC．normal; impossibly D．unusual; definitely【答案】A【解析】考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：如果你的健康出现异常，智能家居可以提前警告你，并有可能挽救你的生命。A. abnormal; potentially异常的；潜在地，可能；B. usual; possibly寻常的；可能地；C. normal; impossibly正常的；不可能地；D. unusual; definitely不寻常的；肯定。第一空根据上文“warn you early on if there is something”可知是健康出现异常，应用abnormal；第二空表示“有可能挽救你的生命”应用potentially。故选A。7．After the experiment, we can see clearly that the results of the survey falls into two ______ groups, so we can easily see the difference now.A．indistinct B．distinct C．distinctive D．distant【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：实验结束后，我们可以清楚地看到，调查结果分为两个截然不同的组，所以我们现在可以很容易地看到差异。A. indistinct模糊的；B. distinct不同的；C. distinctive独特的；D. distant遥远的。根据后文“so we can easily see the difference now”可知，此处是分为两个不同的组。故选B。8．The speech given by Dr. Zhong Nanshan was ______ and touched my heart.A．inspiring B．inspired C．being inspired D．to inspire【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：钟南山博士的演讲鼓舞人心，打动了我的心。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. inspired受鼓舞的；C. being inspired被启发的（现在分词的被动）；D. to inspire为了鼓舞。根据句意可知，此处表示“鼓舞人心的”，应用形容词inspiring，作表语，修饰名词the speech(演讲)。故选A。9．—Peter, may I use your bicycle now?—Sorry, it is not ______ at the moment. It is being repaired.A．ideal B．adjustable C．available D．ultimate【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：——彼得，我现在能用下你的自行车吗？——对不起，现在用不了。它正在被修理。A. ideal理想的；B. adjustable可调整的；C. available可用的；D. ultimate最后的。根据后文“It is being repaired.”可知，车现在用不了。故选C。10．______in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A．To lose B．Losing C．Lost D．Having been lost【答案】C【解析】考查形容词。句意：他陷入沉思，差点撞上前面的车。be lost in thought是固定搭配，意为“陷入沉思”，所以应用形容词lost作状语。故选C。二、用单词的适当形式完成句子11．—Hi, Andrew. How can you improve your English so much？—Oh, it’s nothing difficult. The________(hard) you work at it, the more progress you will make. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】harder【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：——嗨,安德鲁。你的英语怎么能提高这么多呢？——哦，没什么难的。你学习越努力，你取得的进步就越大。此处考查固定句型“The+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”，设空处为副词，修饰动词work，应用比较级harder，做状语。故填harder。12．We have six English classes ______ (week).【答案】weekly【解析】考查副词。句意：我们每周有六节英语课。分析句子结构，空处应用时间副词作状语，weekly是副词，表示“每周”，符合题意。故填weekly。13．It’s an interesting idea but there are many ______ (practise) difficulties.【答案】practical【解析】考查形容词。句意：这是一个有趣的想法，但是又有许多实际的困难。分析句子可知，本句中所填的词在句子中作difficulties的定语，因此要用形容词practical。故填practical。14．It’s also_________ (entire) necessary for them to be able to complete their college education. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】entirely【解析】考查副词。句意：对于他们来说能够完成大学教育也是完全必要的。设空处修饰形容词necessary作状语，应用副词形式，故填entirely。15．“What’s this place?” I asked, still________(confuse). (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】confused【解析】考查形容词。句意：“这是什么地方？”我问道，还是很困惑。分析句子结构，空处为形容词作状语，强调主语I 所处的状态，应用形容词confused，表示“感到困惑的”，故填confused。16．Their faces were so_________(power) in sending a message of their despair and need that I joined this project without hesitation. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】powerful【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们的脸如此有力地传达出他们的绝望和需要，以至于我毫不犹豫地加入了这个项目。空处作主句表语，结合语意，空处应用形容词powerful，表示“有力的”，符合句意。故填powerful。17．We agree to find an ________place to relax ourselves. Los Angeles is a typical________. Apart from Universal Studios Hollywood and good restaurants, its mild climate also ________ a large number of visitors every year. (attract) (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】     attractive     attraction     attracts【解析】【小题1】考查形容词。句意：我们同意找一个吸引人的地方放松自己。空格处用形容词attractive作定语修饰名词place，故填attractive。【小题2】考查名词。句意：洛杉矶是一个典型的吸引人的地方。空格前面的typical为形容词，结合不定冠词a，因此空格为单数名词attraction作表语，故填attraction。【小题3】考查时态。句意：除了好莱坞环球影城和很好的餐厅，它温和的气候每年吸引了大量的游客。本句缺少谓语动词，讲述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语为“its mild climate(它温和的气候)”为单数，所以用动词的第三人称单数形式，故填attracts。18．Chinese Dragon Boat Festival is________（tradition）held in May. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】traditionally【解析】考查副词。句意：中国的端午节按照传统是在五月举行的。本句结构完整，需将tradition改为副词形式修饰动词held，表示传统上，故填traditionally。19．In modern times, people have to learn to live with all kinds of pressure although they are leading a ___________ (comfort) life. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】comfortable【解析】考查形容词。句意：在现代，尽管人们过着舒适的生活，但他们不得不学会忍受各种压力。根据句意可知，提示词修饰名词life，应使用形容词comfortable作定语，意为“舒适的”。故填comfortable。20．The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported _________(significant) higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】significantly【解析】考查副词。句意：结果表明，那些与服务员聊天的人表现出更高的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。修饰形容词higher应用副词significantly，作状语。故填significantly。21．Some graduates find it________ (challenge) to find a suitable job after graduation. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】challenging【解析】考查形容词。句意：一些毕业生发现毕业后找一份合适的工作充满了挑战。find it+形容词+to do意为“发现做……是……”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的to do，所以此处应用形容词challenging，意为“充满挑战的”，作宾补，故填challenging。22．A habit which slows down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or ______ (mental) as one reads. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】mentally【解析】考查副词。句意：一个减缓阅读速度的习惯是发声——在阅读时，口头或精神上读出每个单词。根据“or”前的“orally”可知，空格处应用副词，在句中作状语，“mental”意为“精神的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“mentally”，意为“精神上”。故填mentally。23．We can get the most ________ (update) information from large databases. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】updated【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们可以从大型数据库获得最新的信息。由设空处后面的information可知，设空处应填形容词updated，与the most构成最高级，作定语修饰information。故填updated。24．These disasters made everyone sad and ________ (disappoint), but the desire ________ (explore) the universe never died.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】     disappointed     to explore【解析】考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意：这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的愿望从未熄灭。分析句子可知，空处1前有并列连词and，and前面用形容词sad，故空处1也应用形容词，遵循平行结构，结合语意可知，空处1应填-ed结尾形容词作宾补修饰everyone，应用disappointed；而空处2后的died是谓语动词，空处与谓语动词之间无连词连接，故空处2应用动词非谓语形式，结合语意可知，此处考查the desire to do sth.结构，意为“做某事的愿望”，故空处2应用动词不定式作后置定语，应用to explore。故空处1填disappointed，空处2填to explore。25．What made her ________(astonish) was that her best friend was unwilling to help her. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】astonished【解析】考查形容词。句意：让她感到震惊的是，她最好的朋友不愿意帮她。分析句子结构可知，在what引导的主语从句中，使役动词make后使用宾语+宾语补足语，宾补用来说明宾语的意义、状态等，在这里应使用形容词astonished表示“震惊的”。故填astonished。三、汉译英26．研究一个国家的历史将会使你的旅行更加愉快。（汉译英）【答案】Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable.【解析】考查时态、非谓语动词和形容词比较级。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是将要发生的事，应用一般将来时，“study”意为“研究”，动词词性，“the history of the country”表示“一个国家的历史”，句中应用动名词作主语，“Studying the history of the country”表示“研究一个国家的历史”，句首单词首字母大写，“will make”表示“将会使”，作谓语，“your visit”表示“你的旅行”，作宾语，“enjoyable”意为“愉快的”，形容词词性，“much more enjoyable”表示“更加愉快”，作宾语补足语，“will make your visit much more enjoyable”表示“将会使你的旅行更加愉快”。故翻译为Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable.27．对我来说，没有什么比健康的身体更重要。(nothing...than) （汉译英）【答案】Nothing is more important to me than good health.【解析】考查时态和比较级。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“对我来说”是to me，“没有什么”是nothing，“健康的身体”是good health，“更重要”是more important，“比”是than，因此整句话翻译为“Nothing is more important to me than good health”。故答案为Nothing is more important to me than good health.28．志愿帮助那些处在困境中的人是一件有意义的事情。（volunteer to do）（汉译英）【答案】Volunteering to help those in need is a meaningful thing.【解析】考查动词、介词短语、形容词。表示“志愿做……”应用volunteer to do；表示“处在困境中的”应用in need作后置定语；表示“有意义的”应用形容词meaningful。分析句子可知，本句应用动名词“volunteering to help those in need”作主语，谓语动词用单数，表语是“a meaningful thing”，根据句意，句子用一般现在时。故翻译为：Volunteering to help those in need is a meaningful thing.29．一个残疾人取得如此伟大的成就，真是令人惊叹。(amaze) (汉译英)【答案】It is amazing that a disabled person has made such great achievements.【解析】考查时态，主语从句和短语。结合句意强调动作已经完成，应用现在完成时，表示“一个残疾人”应用a disabled person；表示“取得如此伟大的成就”应用动词短语make such great achievements，achievement应用复数形式作宾语；表示 “令人惊叹的”应用动词amaze的形容词形式amazing，句子主语为“一个残疾人取得如此伟大的成就”，句子成分齐全，意思完整，用that引导主语从句，“是令人惊叹的”使用系表结构，表语为amazing，说明事物的特征，主语部分比较长，表语部分比较短，为了使句子结构平衡，应使用it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语的结构，结合主谓一致。故翻译为It is amazing that a disabled person has made such great achievements。30．听说你在英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖，我非常高兴。祝贺你！(delight) (汉译英)【答案】I am more than delighted to hear that you won first prize in the English speech competition. Congratulations!【解析】考查形容词。I am more than delighted to hear that...“我非常高兴听说……”，句子为主系表结构，more than后面加形容词意为“非常”，delighted为形容词，在句中作表语；获得了一等奖可以翻译为“win first prize ”，that从句中的时态为一般过去时，所以谓语动词用过去式；在英语演讲比赛中可以翻译为“ in the English speech competition”，在句中作状语。祝贺你可以翻译为“Congratulations”。故翻译为I am more than delighted to hear that you won first prize in the English speech competition. Congratulations!31．听众立刻意识到他们所听绝非凡品，全场爆发出热情的欢呼。( recognize; break into ) （汉译英）【答案】The audience immediately recognized what they had heard was extraordinary, and they broke into enthusiastic cheers.【解析】考查名词性从句、动词时态、短语、名词、形容词、副词、并列连词。表示“听众”应用the audience，在第一个分句中作主语；表示“意识到”应用recognize，作the audience的谓语，用一般过去式描述已发生的事；表示“立刻”用副词immediately，修饰recognize；表示“他们所听”应用what they had heard，what引导的名词性从句作recognize的宾语；表示“绝非凡品”用形容词extraordinary，作表语修饰what they had heard；表示“全场”应用人称代词they，指代前面的the audience，做第二个句子的主语；表示“爆发”应用break into，做they的谓语，时态为一般过去式，故为broke into；表示“热情的欢呼”短语为enthusiastic cheers，做broke into的宾语。根据前后两个分句的句意可知，两句话是并列关系，应用and连接。故整句翻译为：The audience immediately recognized what they had heard was extraordinary, and they broke into enthusiastic cheers.32．父母对孩子越不耐心，孩子越容易患抑郁症。(the more... , the more...) (汉译英)【答案】The less patient parents are with their children, the more likely their children are to suffer from depression.【解析】考查固定句型。“the more..., the more...”是固定句型，表示“越……，就越……”，the后面跟形容词或副词的比较级，该句型是一个复合句，前面部分是状语从句，后面部分是主句。分析中文原句，“父母对孩子越不耐心”是条件状语从句，“父母”是主语，用parents表示，“耐心”作表语，用形容词patient表示，“对……越不耐心”用比较级结构less patient with...表示，译为the less patient parents are with their children；“孩子越容易患抑郁症”是主句，“孩子”是主语，用their children表示，“越容易”作表语，用形容词likely的比较级形式more likely to do...，“患抑郁症”用动词短语suffer from depression表示，用不定式作主语补足语，译为the more likely their children are to suffer from depression。综上，全句译为：The less patient parents are with their children, the more likely their children are to suffer from depression.33．面对纷繁芜杂的证据，只有经过缜密分析和严格考证，我们才有可能找到事实的真相，并做出正确的判断。(Only) （汉译英）【答案】Only through careful analysis and strict research can we find the truth of the facts and make a correct judgment/judgement in the face of numerous and complicated evidence.##Only through careful analysis and strict research can we find the truth of the facts and make a correct judgment/judgement faced with numerous and complicated evidence.【解析】考查倒装句，形容词，介词短语。副词only(只有)+介词through(通过)位于句首时，需采用倒装句式，表示“缜密分析”用形容词careful修饰名词analysis，and连接并列宾语“严格考证”，形容词strict修饰名词research；can(可以)提到主语we前形成倒装句式，“找到”用动词find，“事实的真相”用名词短语the truth of the facts，and连接并列谓语，“做出判断”用动词短语make a judgment/judgement，形容词correct(正确的)作定语修饰judgment/judgement，介词短语in the face of或分词短语faced with表示“面对”，宾语为“纷繁复杂的证据”，用形容词 numerous and complicated(纷繁复杂的)修饰名词evidence(证据)。故翻译为：Only through careful analysis and strict research can we find the truth of the facts and make a correct judgment/judgement in the face of numerous and complicated evidence.或Only through careful analysis and strict research can we find the truth of the facts and make a correct judgment/judgement faced with numerous and complicated evidence.34．湛蓝天空映衬着雪白的梨花，景色美丽独特，吸引着络绎不绝的游客。(attract) （汉译英）【答案】The scenes of the white pear blossoms against the clear blue sky are beautiful and unique, attracting a steady stream/continuous flow of tourists.【解析】考查时态、句子结构和非谓语动词。本句为主系表结构，主语The scenes of the white pear blossoms（雪白梨花……的美景）；介词短语against the clear blue sky（在湛蓝天空的映衬下），作后置定语；陈述客观情况，用一般现在时，系动词用are；形容词beautiful and unique（美丽独特）作表语；“吸引着络绎不绝的游客”用非谓语形式，表示一种必然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表达为：attracting a steady stream/continuous flow of tourists，故全句翻译为：The scenes of the white pear blossoms against the clear blue sky are beautiful and unique, attracting a steady stream/continuous flow of tourists.35．研究表明饲养宠物有助于人的心理健康和性格培养。(contribute) （汉译英）【答案】Research/A study shows/indicates that keeping pets contributes to people’s mental health and character cultivation/building/development.【解析】考查宾语从句，动名词，时态和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子表示客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“研究”是research/a study，“表明”是show/indicate，用第三人称单数，其后跟that引导的宾语从句，“饲养宠物”用动名词短语作主语，是keeping pets，“有助于”是contribute to，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，“人的心理健康”是people’s mental health，“性格培养”是character cultivation/building/development，两者用and连接，因此整句话翻译为“Research/A study shows/indicates that keeping pets contributes to people’s mental health and character cultivation/building/development”。故答案为Research/A study shows/indicates that keeping pets contributes to people’s mental health and character cultivation/building/development.36．想到睡在帐篷的硬地上，野营就没那么诱人了。(thought) （汉译英）【答案】The thought of sleeping on the hard ground of the tent makes camping less attractive.【解析】考查时态和非谓语以及形容词。根据汉语可知，想到睡在帐篷的硬地上为The thought of sleeping on the hard ground of the tent ，谓语动词选择make表示让，使的意思，使用一般现在时，野营camping做宾语，没那么诱人作为野营的补语，译为less attractive放在camping的后面作宾补，故翻译为The thought of sleeping on the hard ground of the tent makes camping less attractive。37．濒危语言的数量正在以惊人的速度增长。（alarming) （汉译英）【答案】The number of endangered languages is increasing at an alarming rate.【解析】考查主谓一致、时态及形容词等。分析句意可知，此处描述正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。表示“濒危语言的数量”为短语the number of endangered languages，用作主语，谓语动词用单数；表示谓语“正在增加”为现在进行时is increasing；表示“在以惊人的速度”为介词短语at an alarming rate，作状语。大写句首字母，故翻译为The number of endangered languages is increasing at an alarming rate.38．此次疫情(pandemic) 提醒我们，人类比以往更加紧密相连，我们要守望相助，共克时艰。(reminder) （汉译英）【答案】The pandemic is a reminder that all human beings are more connected than before, so we should help each other to overcome the difficulties. (so we should unite to overcome the difficulties together)【解析】考查时态，同位语从句和状语从句。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“此次疫情”是the pandemic，“提醒我们”是be a reminder that...，that引导的是同位语从句，“紧密相连的”为connected，“人类比以往更加紧密相连”中需用比较级，是all human beings are more connected than before，“克服”是overcome，“相互帮助”help each other，“我们要守望相助，共克时艰”用so引导结果状语从句，是so we should help each other to overcome the difficulties或so we should unite to overcome the difficulties together，故答案为The pandemic is a reminder that all human beings are more connected than before, so we should help each other to overcome the difficulties. (so we should unite to overcome the difficulties together).39．参加这样的活动是值得的。（汉译英）【答案】It is worthwhile to take part in the activity.【解析】考查形式主语、形容词和动词。it is worthwhile to do sth 意为“值得去做某事”，it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的to do不定式。take part in the activity意为“参加活动”。故答案为It is worthwhile to take part in the activity.40．今晚他们很有可能在外露营了。(it is likely that)【答案】It is likely that they will camp out tonight.【解析】考查形容词固定句式。句意：今晚他们很有可能在外露营了。分析句子可知，本句中的形容词likely意为“可能的”，构成固定句式It is likely that.…为“很可能...。”露营“camp”。根据时间状语可知从句是一般将来时。故句子可翻译为It is likely that they will camp out tonight。四、单句改错41．I especial liked Sun Wukong, a romantic figure of brave and adventure.【答案】 especial→especially 【解析】考查副词。句意：我特别喜欢孙悟空，一个代表勇敢和冒险精神的浪漫主义角色。副词修饰动词，此处修饰动词like，需要副词especially，做状语。故将especial改为especially。42．Popularity is the state of being liked, enjoyed or supported by others. Natural, we all desire to win popularity in one way or another.【答案】Natural→Naturally【解析】考查副词。句意：受欢迎是被他人喜欢、享受或支持的状态。很自然，我们都希望以这样或那样的方式赢得声望。副词naturally作状语，修饰整个句子。故Natural改成Naturally。43．I felt so closely to him.【答案】closely→close【解析】考查形容词。句意：我对他感觉如此亲近。felt为系动词，后接形容词，作表语，feel close to表示“与……亲近的”，closely为副词，此处用close。故将closely改为close。44．We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise....【答案】greatly →great【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好运动。需用形容词作定语，修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。45．I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.【答案】hardly→hard【解析】考查副词。句意：我拦住球，猛力把它踢回操场。结合语意，我猛力地将球踢回操场，应用副词hard，表示“猛力地”，修饰动词kicked。故将hardly改为hard。