2023届高考英语二轮复习形容词和副词课件

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习形容词和副词课件，共49页。PPT课件主要包含了考点精析，2不规则变化，比较级的常用句型，倍数表达法，survival，length，bigger，longest，natural，规律方法等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.形容词用法：修饰名词作定语；跟在系动词后作表语；跟在宾语后作宾补；还可用作状语。
考点1 形容词和副词的用法
Having been praised by the teacher，the little girl ran back hme，happy and satisfied.被老师表扬之后，这个小女孩跑回了家，既开心又满足。
2.副词用法：修饰动词；修饰形容词或副词；单独作状语。
He walked hme slwly while talking t himself and kept puzzling ver why the train hadn’t waited fr him fr tw mre minutes. 他一边自言自语，一边慢慢地走回家，老是不明白为什么火车不肯再等他两分钟。【名师指津】　有些副词如frtunately, luckily, surprisingly, hnestly, actually, persnally 等作评注性状语时往往修饰整个句子，对整个句子进行说明或解释，表示说话人的态度与看法。通常位于句首，常用逗号与句子分开。Surprisingly, n ne in the class culd wrk ut the prblem.令人惊讶的是，班里没人能解决这个问题。
考点2 形容词变副词的规则
1.比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则变化①单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词，在原级后加－er，－est构成，如clever—cleverer—cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表：
考点3 形容词和副词的比较等级
②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加mre和mst构成。active—mre active—mst activehappily—mre happily—mst happily【名师指津】　①有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加－er和－est，又可以加mre和mst构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：cmmn, handsme, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以－w，－er结尾的词。②有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right，wrng，excellent，pssible，empty，first，wden，final，east，last等。
2.等级用法的固定句型
(1)同级比较：“as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”，其否定形式是“nt as/s＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”。(2)比较级结构：“形容词/副词的比较级＋than”；“mre/less＋多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词＋than”。常见的修饰比较级的词有any, much, even, far, by far, a lt, a great deal等。The bk is far mre interesting than the bks I have ever read.这本书比我读过的书有趣得多。
(3)最高级结构：“the＋形容词的最高级(＋名词)＋比较范围(in/f/amng短语)”；“ne f the＋形容词的最高级＋名词复数”。常用来修饰最高级的词有by far, almst以及序数词等。Raymnd’s parents wanted him t have the best pssible educatin.雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。
(1)“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“mre and mre/less and less＋原级”表示“越来越……”。Hliday flight tickets are getting less and less expensive.　假期的机票越来越便宜了。(2)“the＋比较级＋主语＋谓语， the＋比较级＋主语＋谓语”，表示“越……就越……”。The mre yu listen and read, the better yu write and speak.你听和读得越多，你的写作和口语就越好。
(3)“the＋比较级＋f (the)＋名词/代词”，表示“(两者中)较……的”。Of the tw cameras, I wuld prefer the smaller ne, which is very easy fr me t carry.这两个照相机中，我喜欢较小的那个，它很容易携带。
4.比较级表达最高级含义
(1)“否定词＋比较级”或“否定词＋”结构表示最高级含义。Yur stry is perfect; I’ve never heard a better ne befre.　你的故事太完美了；我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。(2)比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义：①比较级＋than＋any ther＋单数名词②比较级＋than＋all the ther＋复数名词③比较级＋than＋any f the ther＋复数名词The Yangtze River is lnger than any ther river/than all the ther rivers/than any f the ther rivers in China.　长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。/长江是中国最长的河。
常见的倍数表达法句型主要有：(1)A＋is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B(2)A＋is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B(3)A＋is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋f＋B(4)the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋f＋A＋is＋倍数＋that＋f＋B(5)A＋is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句Smking is harmful t peple’s health, killing seven times mre peple each year than traffic accidents.　吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的人多7倍。
1.(2022·江淮十校联考)Fr thse wh have seen War fr the Planet f the Apes, it’s easy t cme t this cnclusin—the mvie isn’t abut war r the planet, and it’s nt ____________(necessary) even abut the apes. The mvie is abut ____________ (survive) and the chices we all make when ne wants t survive, gd r bad.
necessarily
2.(2022·大同一中模拟)Hwever，the prject is a big challenge line, with ten statins situated alng its rute, starting frm Beijing Nrth Railway Statin, heading west thrugh the Great Wall, three times the ____________ (lng) f the capital’s territry.3.(2022·长春二模)Have yu ever been t a Michelin restaurant? Fr mst chefs, there’s n ____________ (big) hnr than having yur restaurant awarded a Michelin star, let alne three.
4.(2022·江西五市八校联考)The first part f the underwater tunnel fr the Hng Kng－Zhuhai－Maca Bridge was ____________ (success) cmpleted n Oct 8, 2016. Knwn as “ne f the seven mdern wnders in the wrld”， it is the wrld’s ____________ (lng) bridge currently being cnstructed.5.(2022·焦作四模)Hwever, sme studies suggest that nise may bring abut hearing lss. The stress frm human nise might als affect the immune system—an animal’s ____________ (nature) defense system.
successfully
1.根据句子成分判断是形容词还是副词
(1)若句子缺定语、表语或补语，要首先想到用形容词。(2)当设空处作状语时，要首先考虑填副词。【典例】　The river was s plluted that it ________ (actual) caught fire and burned.
解析　此处修饰动词caught，在句中作状语，应用副词形式。
答案　actually
【典例】 Reading histry is an ______ (amaze) experience because it enables us t reflect n the scial and ecnmic life f the peple living lng time ag.
解析　此处修饰名词experience，在句中作定语，应用形容词形式。
2.看到与than连用，要想到用比较级【典例】　Finally，that hard wrk paid ff and nw the water in the river is ________ (clean) than ever.
解析　根据后面的than可知，此处要用比较级，因此要用cleaner。
【典例】　After a few mnths，we all felt that we had been able t build much ________ (strng) relatinships with the family than we had befre.
解析　根据句中的比较级标志词than可知，本句应用比较级，表示几个月后的情况与之前的情况进行比较，much用于修饰比较级。
3.看到and，but，r等连词前或后用的比较等级形式，要想到用比较等级【典例】　They were als the best and ________ (bad) years in my life.(全国 卷Ⅲ)
解析　由并列连词and前面的“the best”可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。
4.看到语境中暗含的比较含义，要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及 以上)【典例】　After ur plane landed，we went t the htel.We had made ur reservatin six mnths ________ (early)，but the man at the frnt desk said there had been a mistake.
解析　由had made可知该动作发生在到达旅馆之前，故应该是早在六个月之前我们就已经预订了，故用比较级earlier。
5.看到下列固定搭配，要想到用比较等级　(1)the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...【典例】　The ________ (hard) yu try t beat him，the mre likely yu will get hit.
解析　分析句子结构可知，此句为“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”句式，表示“越……，就越……”。故填harder。
(2)the＋最高级＋标志性词语或从句【典例】　My mum makes the ______ (gd) biscuits in the wrld，s I decided t ask her fr help.
解析　此处前面有the，后面有表示范围的“in the wrld”，所以应该用形容词的最高级。
单句语法填空/单句改错
1.(2022·广州一模)Peple’s persnal memries, nce stred in their smartphnes and ther handheld devices, will take the rund shape f an Olympic medal, ne f the mst precius ____________ (prize) in sprt.2.(2022·绵阳三诊)“____________(hnest)，that is the picture that catches this madness，” ne persn respnded.
3.(2022·焦作四模)The nise cmes frm shipping traffic, mtrized fishing ships, underwater il and gas explratin，ffshre ________________ (cnstruct)，and ther nisy human activity.4.(2022·攀枝花二模)A quick－thinking bystander selflessly leapt dwn t pull him t ____________ (safe).5.(2022·安庆二模)In the study, GBS was used t prvide a ____________ (high) efficient way f demnstrating quantum cmputatinal speedup in slving sme tasks.
6.(2022·蚌埠三模)Given that technlgy brings ____________ (cnvenient) t sciety in many ways and has becme widespread, such as the use f scanned cdes fr payment, entrance t buildings and registratin, senirs wh are nt tech－savvy(精通科技) face grwing difficulty in daily life.7.(2022·成都一诊)The dcumentary cmpared Du t Shakespeare t help audiences ____________(well) understand the pet’s great achievements in literature.
8.(2022·厦门外国语学校模拟)There are plenty f ____________ (thery) behind the name s we’ve brken them dwn. The ____________ (early) mentin was in the 1830s where a “Christmas Bx” was the name fr a Christmas present.9.(2022·佛山二模)China’s fast develpment is likely t make the adjustment mre ____________ (cmfrt) fr mst new arrivals.10.(2022·池州二模)It is ____________(wide) recgnized that this kind f clthing later had a great influence n the traditinal clthing in many Asian cuntries such as the Kimn in Japan and Hanbk in Krea.
11.(2022·山西四校联考)When he lked up, he suddenly fund himself surrunded by a grup f teenagers, wh lked at him anxius.____________________12.(2022·辽宁六校期末联考)Yur stry is wnderful; I’ve never heard a gd ne befre.____________________13.(2022·湖南邵阳第二次联考)T make matters bad, nw I have t share a rm with my yunger sister, Maggie.____________________
anxius→anxiusly
14.(2022·哈师大附中一模)There are branch library in many villages t imprve peple’s reading level.___________________15.(2022·四川绵阳二诊)Yu shuld fllw the dctr’s advices and give up smking.___________________
library→libraries
advices→advice
1.(2021·全国乙卷)Prvide ____________ (finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples.2.(2021·全国乙卷)____________ (activity) there range frm whale watching t hiking (远足) and accmmdatins aim t have a lw impact n the natural envirnment.3.(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we ____________ (human) are.
4.(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb. It will ____________(undubted) help yu get refreshed! The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets, the ____________ (ht) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s hw nature is—always leaving us ____________(astnish).5.(2021·全国甲卷)After spending sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what ____________ (gd) than t ride n a piece f histry!
6.(2021·全国甲卷)Suppsedly yu can d it in tw hurs, but we stpped at the different gates and ____________(watchtwer) t take pictures r just t watch the lcal peple ging abut their ____________ (day) rutines.7.(2021·浙江卷)In 1844 they bught it fr $1，200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser, wh perfrmed their ____________ (marry) ceremny in 1842.8.(2021·浙江卷)When the huse was built, it was much ____________ (small)than it is tday.
9.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Next I brke the eggs int a bwl and beat them quickly with ____________ (chpstick).10.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One day the emperr wanted t get his prtrait (画像) dne s he called all great artists t cme and present their ____________ (fine) wrk, s that he culd chse the best.
1.(2021·全国乙卷)I lve ding husewrk.I always assist my parents in ding the dish after meals.__________________2.(2021·全国甲卷)Many students say they will talk t their friend r classmates because they’re f the same age and can understand each ther.__________________3.(2021·全国乙卷)What’t mre，ding husewrk can be a frm f mentally relaxatin frm study.__________________4.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)I’m surely yu’ll have a gd time.__________________
dish→dishes
friend→friends
mentally→mental
surely→sure
5.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)All the ftball player n the playgrund cheered ludly, saying that I had a talent fr ftball._________________________6.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I became interesting in playing ftball thanks t a small accident._________________________7.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I stpped the ball and kicked it hardly back t the playgrund._________________________
player→players
interesting→interested
hardly→hard
8.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)First, I wanted t be a fireman, whse unifrm lked s clly.__________________9.(全国卷Ⅱ)When I was little，Friday’s night was ur family game night.___________________________10.(全国卷Ⅱ)Besides, they ften get sme useful infrmatins frm the Internet.___________________________
Friday’s→Friday
infrmatins→infrmatin
In recent years, tramplining (蹦床) has gained great 1.____________ (ppular) amng Chinese yuths. Shrt vides shwing peple’s excitement abut jumping back and frth n the clurful tramplines are 2.____________ (regular) upladed t scial media. Mst vides feature teenagers, but adults t have jumped n the trend, hping t relive their childhd.
Cmpared with sccer, basketball, tennis r any ther 3.____________ (cmpete) sprts, where varius injuries ccur frm time t time, tramplining is relatively 4.____________ (safe). Hwever, preparatin and safety always cme first. Yu must d warm－up 5.____________ (exercise) befre playing and yu can’t lse cncentratin during the mvements.
1.ppularity　[考查词性转换。设空处在句中作gained的宾语，且设空前有形容词great，故该空填名词ppularity。 gain great ppularity “大受欢迎”。]2.regularly　[考查词性转换。设空处在句中作状语，修饰upladed，应用副词，填regularly。]3.cmpetitive　[考查词性转换。设空处在句中作定语修饰名词sprts, 表“竞争性强的”， 应用形容词，故填cmpetitive。]
4.safer　[考查比较等级。由语境可知，此处指蹦床与足球、篮球、网球或任何其他经常发生各种伤害的竞技运动相比，相对更安全，故此处用形容词比较级。故填safer。]5.exercises　[考查名词的数。exercise此时是可数名词，意为“训练活动”， 设空前无表“一”的限定词，故exercise应用复数形式。]
Hell，everyne！I’m Tny.When I am yung，I lived n a farm and I gt up at 6 ’clck every mrning.There was a number f animals n the farm，such as hens，cws and sheeps.Smetimes I helped my parents feed it.The farm was nt far frm my schl.I regular rde my bike t schl. I returned t hme at 5 ’clck in a afternn.I did my hmewrk frm 7：00 p. m. t 9：30 p. m. every day.I liked t d in my free time was t listen t music and g fr a walking.I enjyed living n the farm，because it was interested.
①时态误用。根据句中的 “yung” “lived” 可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故将am改为was。②主谓一致误用。此处句子主语为a number f animals，故用复数形式。③名词单复数误用。sheep单复数同形，故将sheeps改为sheep。④代词误用。此处代指上文提到的复数名词animals，故用them。⑤形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词rde，故用副词regularly。⑥介词多用。hme此处是副词，前面不用介词，故删除介词t。