初中英语中考复习 江苏南京卷B-2022年中考英语模拟考场仿真演练卷（全解全析）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 江苏南京卷B-2022年中考英语模拟考场仿真演练卷（全解全析），共23页。试卷主要包含了 全卷满分90分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022年中考英语模拟考场仿真演练卷（江苏南京卷B）英  语·全解全析（考试时间：90分钟  试卷满分：90分）注意事项：1. 全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。选择题（共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．Shenzhou-13’s return capsule (返回舱) touched down ________ the Dongfeng landing site (东风着陆场) in North China’s Inner Mongolia autonomous region ________ the morning of April 16, 2022.A．in; in B．on; on C．at; on D．at; in【答案】C【详解】句意：2022年4月16号早晨，神州13号返回舱在中国北方内蒙古自治区东风着陆场着陆。考查介词。in在……里面；on在……时候（后接具体时间）；at在（后接小地点）。根据“the Dongfeng landing site”可知，此处应用at，表示“在东方着陆场”。“the morning of April 16, 2022.”为具体的时间，所以应用on。故选C。2．—_________ will your mother finish making the salad?—In about 20 minutes.A．How long B．How much C．How soon D．How far【答案】C【详解】句意：——你妈妈要多久才能做好沙拉? ——大约20分钟后。考查特殊疑问句。How long多长，问的是物体的长度或多长时间；How much多少钱，对价格提问或者多少，对不可数名词进行提问；How soon多久以后，对表示将来的一段时间进行提问；How far多远，问的是两地之间的距离。根据答语“In about 20 minutes.”可知，大约20分钟后，是对将来的一段时间提问，用“How soon”提问。故选C。3．As teachers, we must ask ________: Are we patient enough? Are we knowing students well?A．us B．ourselves C．them D．themselves【答案】B【详解】句意：作为老师，我们必须反问我们自己：我们是否足够有耐心？我们是否很好地了解学生？考查代词。us我们，宾格；ourselves我们自己，反身代词；them他们，宾格；themselves他们自己，反身代词。根据后文“Are we patient enough? Are we knowing students well?”可知，老师是在反问自己，故选B。4．In the meeting, the manager mentioned the accidents their carelessness led to ________ them happening again.A．prevent B．preventing C．to prevent D．to preventing【答案】C【详解】句意：在会议上，经理提到了由于他们的粗心大意导致的事故，以防止它们再次发生。考查非谓语动词。分析“the manager mentioned the accidents their carelessness led to...them happening again.”可知，提到事故的目的为了防止再次发生此类事故，用动词不定式to prevent作目的状语，故选C。5．—The situation is changing for ___________.—Yes. It seems that we have no choice but to protect ourselves.A．better B．the better C．worse D．the worse【答案】D【详解】句意：——情况正在变得更糟。——是的。看来我们别无选择，只能保护自己。考查形容词比较级，根据“It seems that we have no choice but to protect ourselves.”可知除了保护自己别无选择，由此推出情况正变得更糟糕，change for the worse“恶化；每况愈下”，the worse表示“更坏的情况”。故选D。6．School violence(暴力) ________ much attention of the whole society and people are calling on the government to make laws against it as early as possible.A．caught B．will catch C．has caught D．was catching【答案】C【详解】句意：校园暴力已经引起社会的诸多关注。而且人们正呼吁政府尽可能早的制定法律抵制它。考查现在完成时。根据“people are calling on the government to make laws against it as early as possible”可知，人们正呼吁政府尽可能早地制定法律抵制它，可知用现在完成时表示校园暴力已经引起关注。故选C。7．—Is your We Chat account(账户) safe?—Yes, even my father can’t use it _________ I tell him the password.A．when B．while C．unless D．if【答案】C【详解】句意：——你的微信账户安全么？——是的。甚至我的父亲都不能使用它，除非我告诉他密码。考查连词。when当……；while当……，尽管；unless除非；if如果。根据可知表达“除非我告诉他密码我的父亲才能使用”，用“unless”引导条件状语从句。故选C。8．— Jim, I’m still not able to use different apps. They’re so hard.— Dad, _________. Let me show you once more.A．every dog has its day B．don’t burn the candle at both endsC．you are never too old to learn D．when in Rome, do as the Romans do【答案】C【详解】句意：——吉姆，我还是不能使用不同的应用程序。它们太难了。——爸爸，你要活到老学到老。让我再给你看一次。考查常识和习语。every dog has its day凡人皆有得意日；don’t burn the candle at both ends蜡烛不能两头烧；you are never too old to learn活到老学到老；when in Rome, do as the Romans do入乡随俗。根据上句“Jim, I’m still not able to use different apps. They’re so hard.”语境可知，应是建议爸爸活到老学到老。故选C。9．The 31st Summer World University Games ________ in Chengdu in June, 2022. I can’t wait!A．were held B．will be held C．has been held D．are held【答案】B【详解】句意：第31届夏季世界大学生运动会将于2022年6月在成都举行。我等不及了！考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语“The 31st Summer World University Games”是动作的承受者，根据“in June, 2022”可知，时态是一般将来时，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。10．—Could you please tell me how to work out this maths problem?—Sorry. I can’t remember ________ what Miss Wang told us.A．exactly B．correctly C．really D．properly【答案】A【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎么算出这道数学题吗？——对不起。我没准确记住王老师告诉我们的。考查副词辨析。exactly准确地；correctly正确地；really真实地；properly适当地。此空为副词修饰动词，修饰remember用exactly，表示“准确地记住”。故选A。11．Parents should not ________ their child with others because every child is a treasure.A．complain B．compare C．control D．consider【答案】B【详解】句意：父母不应该拿自己的孩子和别的孩子比较，因为每个孩子都是一件珍宝。考查动词辨析。complain抱怨；compare比较；control控制；consider考虑。根据“...their child with others”可知，是把自己的孩子跟别的孩子作比较，compare...with...“比较……与……”。故选B。12．—Wow! You played this piece of music really well. What is your ________?—Practice makes perfect!A．choice B．secret C．practice D．progress【答案】B【详解】句意：——哇！你把这首曲子演奏得很好。你的秘诀是什么？——熟能生巧！考查名词辨析。choice选择；secret诀窍；practice训练；progress进步。根据“Practice makes perfect”可知，是在解释曲子弹得好的原因，所以对方是在询问曲子弹得好的诀窍是什么，故选B。13．—I want to take a course in summer camp. Could you tell me ________.—You’ll stay with a family in a village and experience their daily life.A．when I should pay for the course B．what activities can I haveC．what the best part of the course is D．how long will I stay in the village【答案】C【详解】句意：——我想在夏令营上一门课。你能告诉我这门课最棒的部分是什么吗？——你会和一个村庄的家庭住在一起，体验他们的日常生活。考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BD；根据答语“You’ll stay with a family in a village and experience their daily life.”可知，此处回答的是课程特色，不是时间，故选C。14．— Loneliness may be one of the biggest problems in our society these years.— _________. Especially among aged parents. We should spare more time for them.A．I can’t agree more B．I don’t think soC．That’s a good idea D．I’m not sure if you’re right【答案】A【详解】句意：——孤独可能是我们社会近年来最大的问题之一。——我完全同意。尤其是在年老的父母中。我们应该为他们多花些时间。考查情景交际。I can’t agree more我完全同意；I don’t think so我不这么认为；That’s a good idea是个好主意；I’m not sure if you’re right我不确定你是否正确。根据后文“We should spare more time for them.”可知此处是赞同上文的观点的。故选A。15．—We have to cancel the trip to Shanghai this May Day holiday because of the spread of epidemic.—__________. I’m looking forward to it.A．My pleasure B．No problem C．What a pity D．Never mind【答案】C【详解】句意：——由于疫情的蔓延，我们不得不取消这个五一假期去上海的旅行。——真遗憾。我很期待它。考查情景交际。My pleasure乐意效劳；No problem没问题；What a pity真遗憾；Never mind没关系。根据“We have to cancel the trip”以及“I’m looking forward to it”可知，对方觉得因疫情取消期待已久的旅行很可惜。故选C。二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Once I was a member of a group preparing for a week of meetings, I walked into the room where some volunteers were ____16____ collating(装订整理) handouts. I asked if I could help. One of the ladies ____17____ said, “Oh, no, thank you” and ____18____ me a chair to sit.Then, another volunteer came into the room, saw me sitting there doing ____19____ and said, “Hey, Larry, come here. There’s work to do, and you can help.” He put a couple of chairs together, placed two stacks(叠) of handouts on them and said, “OK, the left sheet goes on top of the right one.”“Fine. I can handle that,” I said. And just like that, I was now part of the team.This member of the group saw that my disability did not mean an inability(无能) to help. Later, I ____20____ him for having included me. He said, “Well, I thought with one more pair of hands we’d finish more quickly. I was just using ____21____ sense.”I’m sure that the lady who refused my offer of help did not mean to offend(冒犯) me. Too often, people with disabilities are just not ____22____—within their community or within a social setting—because of their disability and not because of their inability.It’s ____23____ for all of us to feel that we are accepted, appreciated and valued as a full and equal member of the group. And it is ____24____ more important for people with disabilities. It sends a ____25____ that states: “To us, your abilities are more important than your disability.”16．A．close B．busy C．worth D．fun17．A．politely B．angrily C．quietly D．suddenly18．A．painted B．moved C．bought D．offered19．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything20．A．asked B．searched C．paid D．thanked21．A．common B．special C．natural D．strong22．A．noticed B．praised C．included D．educated23．A．interesting B．important C．curious D．nervous24．A．quite B．even C．rather D．enough25．A．message B．letter C．note D．sign【答案】16．B    17．A    18．D    19．C    20．D    21．A    22．C    23．B    24．B    25．A【解析】本文主要讲述了一个身有残疾的作者一开始被拒，最后还是加入了该志愿者组织的故事。16．句意：我走进一个房间，那里有一些志愿者正忙着整理讲义。close接近的；busy忙碌的；worth值得的；fun有趣的。根据“Once I was a member of a group preparing for a week of meetings”及“collating(装订整理) handouts”可知，这些人正在忙着准备开会用的讲义，故选B。17．句意：一位女士礼貌地说：“哦，不用了，谢谢。”然后请我坐下。 politely礼貌地；angrily生气地；quietly安静地；suddenly突然。根据“Oh, no, thank you”可知，是礼貌地拒绝了，故选A。18．句意：一位女士礼貌地说：“哦，不用了，谢谢。”然后请我坐下。 painted涂；moved移动；bought买；offered提供。根据“...me a chair to sit”可知，此处是offer sb sth短语，意为“提供某人某物”，故选D。19．句意：然后，另一个志愿者走进房间，看到我坐在那里无所事事，他说，“嘿，拉里，过来。 有工作要做，你可以帮忙。” something某事；anything任何事；nothing没有事；everything每件事。根据“There’s work to do, and you can help.”可知，叫作者去帮忙，因为作者现在无事可做，故选C。20．句意：我感谢他接纳了我。asked询问；searched寻找；paid支付；thanked感谢。根据“This member of the group saw that my disability did not mean an inability(无能) to help.”可知，因为那位志愿者的帮忙请求，让作者的作用得以体现，所以作者对那位志愿者表示了感谢。故选D。21．句意：我只是在凭借常识做出判断。common平常的；special特别的；natural自然的；strong强壮的。根据“I thought with one more pair of hands we’d finish more quickly.”可知，根据常识，多一双手的人会比失去双手的人做事更快。common sense意为“常识”，故选A。22．句意：残疾人只是因为他们的残疾而不是因为他们的无能而没有融入他们的社区或社会环境。noticed注意到；praised赞扬；included包括；educated教育。根据“It’s…for all of us to feel that we are accepted, appreciated and valued as a full and equal member of the group.”可知，作者认为被团体接纳是一件很重要的事，故此处指的是残疾人只是因为他们的残疾而不是因为他们的无能而没有融入他们的社区或社会环境，故选C。23．句意：对于我们所有人来说，作为一个团体中完全平等的成员而被接受、欣赏和重视的感觉是很重要的。interesting有趣的；important重要的；curious好奇的；nervous紧张的。根据“And it is...more important for people with disabilities.”可知，作为一个团体中完全平等的成员而被接受、欣赏和重视的感觉是很重要的，故选B。24．句意：对残疾人来说，这一点更为重要。quite十分；even甚至；rather而不是；enough足够。根据“And it is...more important for people with disabilities.”可知，此处修饰形容词比较级more important，强调递进关系，故选B。25．句意：它传达了一个信息。message信息；letter信件；note笔记；sign标识。根据“It sends a…that states: ‘To us, your abilities are more important than your disability.’”可知，此处介绍了它传到了一个什么样的信息，故选A。三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADid you know that a large number of people get sick from foodborne illness each year? Luckily, foodborne illness can be prevented. Follow these three easy rules to help you.◆ SEPARATE raw（生的）meat and eggs from other items in your refrigerator. If possible, use a different cutting board for raw meat products. This will reduce the chance of bacteria’s（细菌）spread from one food to another.◆ CHILL（冷藏）foods to keep bacteria from growing. Bacteria are able to grow quickly at room temperature, so keep fresh foods in the refrigerator to limit this risk.◆ COOK your food to a high enough temperature to kill harmful bacteria that may lead to illness. Use a thermometer to make sure your foods have reached a safe temperature.Here is a chart for you to use as a food temperature guide.FoodLowestTemperature (℉)FoodLowestTemperature (℉)Steaks145Pork of Beef160Eggs160Fish145Chicken and turkey165Leftovers165Which of the following foods can be put together in a refrigerator?A．Eggs and potatoes. B．Raw fish and tomatoes.C．Raw beef and raw pork. D．Raw chicken and apples.27．Fish should be cooked at least above the temperature of _________.A．140℉ B．145℉ C．160℉ D．165℉28．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably from?A．Healthy Life B．Travel Guide C．History Character D．Natural World【答案】26．C     27．B     28．A【解析】本文主要讲述了预防食源性疾病的方法。26．细节理解题。根据“SEPARATE raw（生的）meat and eggs from other items in your refrigerator”可知将生肉和鸡蛋与冰箱中的其他物品分开，C选项“生牛肉和生猪肉”可以放在冰箱里，故选C。27．细节理解题。根据图表“Fish 145℉”可知做鱼的温度至少要高于华氏145度，故选B。28．细节理解题。根据“Did you know that a large number of people get sick from foodborne illness each year? Luckily, foodborne illness can be prevented”可知本文主要讲述了预防食源性疾病方法，所以很有可能在杂志上的健康的生活部分看到，故选A。BDuring the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, athletes from all over the world broke both personal and Olympic records. High-tech elements have been giving “wings” to these hard-working athletes, helping them become “faster, higher, stronger, together”.The National Speed Skating Oval (the Ice Ribbon) saw 12 new Olympic records and one world record, including Chinese speed skater Gao Tingyu’s Olympic record of 34.32 seconds in the men’s 500 meters.       Known as “the fastest ice”, the 12,000-square-meter rink has received very good feedback (反馈) from the athletes. “It makes everyone skate faster,” Gao Tingyu said after he bagged the gold.The secret behind is a new carbon dioxide ice-making technology. Speed-skating requires a very flat ice surface. If the ice surface temperature doesn’t change much, the ice stays flatter. Flat ice is easier to skate on. Liquid carbon dioxide was put under the ice for the first time. It cooled the ice and kept the temperature changes on the surface within just half of one degree.In events like freestyle skiing and ski jumping, the direction and speed of the wind could largely affect athletes’ performance. A research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a wind measuring system using AI technology. “Some events only last a few seconds, and the wind is changing all the time. This system allows athletes and coaches to ‘see’ wind directly through real-time data on their pads, and decide when and where to jump,” the team leader Shao Yun told Beijing Daily.There are many more high-tech elements that boost athletic performance, including drag-reducing sportswear, smart beds that massage athletes, and robots that cook. All these helped keep China’s promise to hold an “athlete-centered” Olympics, said Zhao Weidong, the spokesperson of the Beijing organizing committee.29．The underlined “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to _________________.A．the record B．the ice rink C．the gold medal D．the temperature30．The system from the Chinese Academy of Sciences helps athletes _________________.A．measure wind more correctly B．control the speed of the windC．change the direction of the wind D．record their jumps in real time31．What do we know from the words of Zhao Weidong?A．Other countries look at China with new eyes.B．The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics were the best ever.C．The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics were athlete-centered.D．China is expected to hold another Winter Olympics soon.【答案】29．B     30．A     31．C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北京冬奥会使用的相关技术。29．词句猜测题。根据“the 12,000-square-meter rink has received very good feedback (反馈) from the athletes. ”可知，此处的it是指代之前提到的溜冰场，故选B。30．细节理解题。根据“A research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a wind measuring system using AI technology.”可知，这个系统是用来准确测量风的，故选A。31．细节理解题。根据“All these helped keep China’s promise to hold an “athlete-centered” Olympics, said Zhao Weidong”可知，赵卫东说，中国举办的奥运会是“以运动员为中心”的，故选C。COver 6 million people have lost their lives because of the COVID-19 pandemic(大流行病) since it broke out, about one sixth of them from the US. Vaccination(接种疫苗) is a simple, safe and effective way to protect us from it.     ▲     Vaccines(疫苗) “look” exactly the same as the viruses, but their viruses are weakened or killed.They will not make us really ill. They only activate our immune system to work. Our immune system will then send B cells to find and kill the viruses.Scientists have developed more than 180 vaccines to fight against COVID-19. These vaccines are made in different ways, but their influence is the same. For example, in inactivated vaccine(灭活疫苗), the viruses are already killed. When the immune system “sees” them, it will try to kill them. But B cells need more such viruses to remember them. That’s why we need to take the vaccine more than one time. Though this vaccine is safe, it might not be as effective as it is expected to be.The live attenuated vaccine(减毒活疫苗) is different. In this vaccine, the viruses are alive, but are weakened.They can produce enough new viruses to train the immune system(免疫系统) to kill and remember them. So people only need to take the vaccine once. The live attenuated vaccine is considered the most effective, but there is a worry: what might happen once these viruses wake up?Although vaccination is one of the best ways to protect us from COVID-19, it can be better.32．How many Americans have died from the COVID-19 pandemic?A．Over 6 million B．About 2 million C．About 2 million D．About one million33．Which of the following can be put at the beginning of Paragraph 2?A．Vaccination can provide us with B cells. B．Vaccines are made from different viruses.C．Vaccination can prepare us against viruses. D．Vaccines won’t make us ill as the viruses do.34．How is the live attenuated vaccine different from the Inactivated vaccine?A．It is equally safe. B．It is more effective.C．It needs taking more than once. D．It has viruses that are killed.35．What can we learn from the passage?A．Vaccination is good enough to treat COVID-19.B．The virus in inactivated vaccines can make new viruses.C．180 vaccines have been developed to fight against diseases.D．The immune system can become more effective with the help of vaccines.【答案】32．D     33．C     34．B     35．D【解析】本文介绍灭活和减毒新冠疫苗的作用机理。32．推理判断题。根据“Over 6 million people have lost their lives because of the COVID-19 pandemic(大流行病) since it broke out, about one sixth of them from the US.”可知全球有大约六百万人死亡，其中六分之一是美国的，因此有大约一百万。故选D。33．推理判断题。根据“accines(疫苗) “look” exactly the same as the viruses, but their viruses are weakened or killed.”可知本段开始介绍疫苗，C选项“疫苗能够帮我们防御病毒”符合。故选C。34．推理判断题。根据“ The live attenuated vaccine is considered the most effective,”可知减毒疫苗是最有效的，因此比灭活疫苗有效。故选B。35．推理判断题。根据“They will not make us really ill. They only activate our immune system to work. Our immune system will then send B cells to find and kill the viruses.”可知疫苗是唯一可以激活我们免疫系统工作的，因此可推测在疫苗的帮助下，免疫系统会更有效。故选D。DThe second live class from China’s space station was held in the afternoon of Mar. 23, delivered by Shenzhou-13 crew(机组) members Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu to students on Earth. Wang performed several scientific experiments. In one experiment, Wang used a toy of Bing Dwen Dwen, the popular mascot(吉祥物) of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, to show how objects fly in a weightless(失重的) environment. They also showed students two pieces of cutting-edge scientific equipment inside the space station. Hundreds of students in Beijing, Lhasa and Urumqi watched the event. Before ending the class, the astronauts answered questions taken from members of the public and raised by students. The questions covered various facets of life and work in space, such as how to take care of their skin, whether hot water is available, if the moon looks different from the Tiangong station, and how tears move in a microgravitational(微重力) environment. Pang Zhihao, a retired spaceflight researcher from the China Academy of Space Technology and author of several space-themed books, said the class will be an “eye-opener” for youngsters, especially students, by implanting the love of science and creativity in them. “Many well-known scientists were created by their interest and curiosity about ‘strange things’. The experiments done by the astronauts will put ‘question marks’ in our students’ minds, and the youngsters will then move to find answers and explore more places unknown to humankind,” he said.36．What questions did the students not ask in the event?A．Whether cold water is available.B．How to take care of crew members’ skin.C．If the moon looks different from the Tiangong station.D．How tears move in a microgravitational environment.37．What does the underlined word “facets” mean?A．parts B．faces C．problems D．questions38．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A．Pang Zhihao is one of Shenzhou-13 crew members.B．Students raised questions for crew members about how to take care of their eyes.C．Thousands of students in Beijing, Lhasa and Urumqi watched the event.D．Shenzhou-13 members showed students two pieces of cutting-edge scientific equipment.39．What does Pang Zhihao think of the class from China’s space station?A．It can implant the love of science and creativity in students.B．It will encourage students to be astronauts.C．It was held for students in Beijing, Lhasa and Wuhan.D．It will be an “eye-opener” for youngsters, especially teenagers.40．What is the theme(主题) of the text?A．Nature. B．Culture. C．Sports. D．Space.【答案】36．A     37．A     38．D     39．A     40．D【解析】本文介绍翟志刚，王亚平，叶光富三位宇航员在太空上授课，向同学们展示失重环境中的一些知识。36．细节理解题。根据“The questions covered various facets of life and work in space, such as how to take care of their skin, whether hot water is available, if the moon looks different from the Tiangong station, and how tears move in a microgravitational(微重力) environment.”可知，问题包括如何护理皮肤、是否有热水、月球与天宫站的外观是否不同，以及眼泪在微重力环境下如何运动。 故选A。37．词句猜测题。分析“The questions covered various facets of life and work in space”及后文提到的问题可知，这些问题涉及太空生活和工作的各个方面，此处“facets”的意思是“各方面”，与part语意相近，故选A。38．推理判断题。根据“They also showed students two pieces of cutting-edge scientific equipment inside the space station.”可知，他们还向学生们展示了空间站内的两件尖端科学设备。故选D。39．细节理解题。根据“the class will be an “eye-opener” for youngsters, especially students, by implanting the love of science and creativity in them”可知，通过在学生中灌输对科学和创造力的热爱，这门课将使年轻人，尤其是学生“大开眼界”，故选A。40．主旨大意题。本文介绍翟志刚，王亚平，叶光富三位宇航员在太空上授课，向同学们展示太重环境中的一些知识，主题是关于太空，故选D。非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为41—45的相应位置上。41．China ______ (命名) its first Mars rover(火星车) “Zhurong”, a fire god in ancient Chinese stories, at 2021 China Space Conference in Nanjing on April 24.【答案】named【详解】句意：4月24日，在南京举行的2021年中国航天大会上，中国将其首个火星探测器命名为“祝融”，即中国古代故事中的火神。name“命名”，根据“on April 24”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填named。42．It appears that a ______（温度）of around 70℃ is effective at killing the virus.【答案】temperature【详解】句意：看来70℃左右的温度可以有效地杀死病毒。temperature“温度”，a temperature of“……的温度”，故填temperature。43．The ________ cars there are, the less pollution we have. (少)【答案】fewer【详解】句意：汽车越少，污染就越少。根据“The…cars there are, the less pollution we have.”可知，本题考查的是比较级句型：the+比较级，the+比较级“越……，就越……”。根据“cars”车可知，是可数名词的复数形式，修饰它的形容词“少的”应是few，其比较级是fewer。故填fewer。44．Plenty of young people are interested in the ice sports events, such as the short-track speed skating. But we have to learn how to do it ___________ (恰当地) before we try it.【答案】properly【详解】句意：许多年轻人对冰上运动项目感兴趣，比如短道速滑。但在尝试之前，我们必须学会如何恰当地去做。properly“恰当地”，副词修饰动词“do”。故填properly。45．—Do you know that girl who is speaking to Mr. Wang?—Yes, she’s Tina. I’m a friend of ________（她的）.【答案】hers【详解】句意：——你认识和王老师说话的女孩吗？——是的，她是Tina。我是她的一个朋友。of后应该填名词或者名词性物主代词，hers表示“她的”。故填hers。B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46—50的相应位置上。46．Luoyang Museum of Ancient Art catches ________ (visit) eyes with a series of mystery treasure.【答案】visitors’【详解】句意：洛阳古代艺术博物馆以一系列神秘的珍品吸引了游客的眼球。根据“with a series of mystery treasure.”可知，此处是吸引了游客的眼球，短语catch one’s eyes“吸引某人的眼球”，visit“参观”，是动词，此处用名词复数的所有格，visitor“游客”，此处是复数所有格，故填visitors’。47．Some travel companies will _________(probable) have to go out of business this spring.【答案】probably【详解】句意：一些旅行公司可能不得不在这个春天歇业。根据句意和所给词汇可知，此处指可能歇业，应用副词修饰动词“have to go out of business”，probable的副词形式是“probably”。故填probably。48．—Didn’t you go to Jenny’s birthday party last Thursday night?—No. I ________ (prepare) for the speech that I would give the next day.【答案】was preparing【详解】句意：——上星期四晚上你没有去珍妮的生日聚会吗？——是的。我正在为第二天的演讲做准备。根据时间状语“last Thursday night”可知，此处是过去进行时态，即was/were+V-ing。主语是“I”，be动词用was。故填was preparing。49．Tom is looking forward to his ________ birthday. (twenty)【答案】twentieth【详解】句意：汤姆期待着他二十岁的生日。根据“...his...birthday.”和提示词可知，此处是指“他的第二十个生日”，用序数词表示顺序，基数词twenty对应的序数词为twentieth。故填twentieth。50．He is a(n) ________ boy so people seldom believe what he says. (honest)【答案】dishonest【详解】句意：他是个不诚实的男孩，所以人们很少相信他的话。根据“...people seldom believe what he says.”和提示词可知，人们很少相信他说的话，由此可知他应是一个不诚实的男孩，此空应填形容词“honest”的反义词“dishonest（不诚实的）”作定语修饰其后的名词“boy”。故填dishonest。C）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使对话内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51—55的相应位置上。lasting          ancient          through          turns out          plenty ofStories speak of our dreams, hopes, and futures. Some writers have spent ____51____ time writing them. They should be enjoyed slowly. Long before there was TV, the Internet or even the telephone, people shared ideas, information and memory ____52____ stories. However, modern society is getting noisier. It moves us faster and faster beyond time and space. Sometimes it’s good with something slower. It ____53____ that reading slowly is a gift, because it leads to a life of looking closely at the world.Sometimes we read to understand the future or the past. We read to forget the hard times we’re living in, to remember people in ____54____ times, who met something more difficult. We read slowly to respect the writer and the story’s ____55____ power. And reading slowly helps to get away from the noise and remember those who came before us. They were probably the earliest people who finally learned to use fire and found their new power of light and heat.【答案】51．plenty of     52．through      53．turns out      54．ancient      55．lasting【解析】本文主要叙说了阅读对人生的重要意义，故事的生产与阅读关乎自我认知，遍及现实生活和未来想象，给人们以力量。51．句意：一些作家花了大量的时间来写它们。time前缺少定语，此处表示花费多少时间写故事，备选词plenty of意为“许多”，符合语境。故填plenty of。52．句意：在电视、互联网甚至电话出现之前，人们通过故事来分享想法、信息和记忆。根据“people shared ideas, information and memory ... stories”可知此处讲人们通过故事分享想法、信息和记忆，through通过，符合语境。故填through。53．句意：事实证明，慢慢阅读是一种礼物，因为它会让你一生都在仔细观察这个世界。It turns out that ... 原来……，结果证明……。故填turns out。54．句意：我们读书是为了忘记我们所处的艰难时代，是为了记住古代的人们，他们遇到了更困难的事情。根据“to remember people in ... times”可知此处指记住某个时代的人们，备选词ancient意为“古代的”，符合语境。故填ancient。55．句意：我们慢慢地阅读，以尊重作者和故事的持久力量。根据“the story’s ... power”可推出此处指故事的某种力量，结合备选词可知lasting持久的，符合语境，此处讲故事的持久力量。故填lasting。五、阅读填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第56—65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—65的相应位置上。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。Dreams and goals are important because they give us a ruler against which to measure our progress. But progress, not meeting a goal, is what brings true happiness. After winning the silver medal in women’s single figure skating at Beijing 2022, Alexandra Trusova was heard screaming that she hated the sport. Even the gold medalist, Anna Shcherbakova, said that “this has been what I’ve been working toward every day...” You can feel in her words the emptiness in her heart. This kind of pressure might be difficult for you to imagine. After all, you probably aren’t an Olympic athlete. But have you ever connected your happiness to a far-off goal that you could achieve only by putting great efforts into it? Maybe it’s finishing a degree or gaining a certain amount of income. Researchers have found that satisfaction is brought about not by big wins, but rather by making progress in meaningful work. Some researchers have argued that when a goal is the final point for progress, the sudden stop is the process of forward can lead to a feeling of emptiness, which is exactly what Shcherbakova described in Beijing. This doesn’t mean that you should give up all goals, however. You just need to understand and pursue them in different ways. •Enjoy the journey not the destination. Instead of chasing a goal with a single eye, think more on about whether you’re getting anything out of your progress right now. •Think about the purpose of your goals. The point of a useful goal is to improve your quality of life by changing, not to limp（艰难地移动）across the finish line and stop after a difficult challenge. •Take one step at a time. Researchers have found that common, small achievements help to start a cycle of success and happiness much more than rare, big ones. Make sure you can break your long-term goals into smaller tasks. Enjoy the daily and weekly achievements that you know are leading you down the road to success. The writer’s opinionWhat brings you happiness is not meeting a ____56____, but progress.People’s feelingsAlexandraTrusovaA sports woman lost the ____57____ placeScreamed out that she hated the sport.Anna ShcherbakovaA sports woman won the first placeAchieved the goal she had been worked for, but felt ____58____ in her heart.YouNot an Olympic athleteMay feel difficult to understand the athlete’s pressure, but ever connected the happiness to a goal ____59____ to achieve.Researchers’ opinionsOne may feel ____60____ not only when he wins, but also when he makes progress in meaningful work.The goal is the final point for progress. If someone ____61____ suddenly in the way, he may feel empty.The writer’s advice•Instead of paying only attention to where you go, value what you can get ____62____ the progress you make. •Instead of just trying to rush past the finishing line and stop, make sure what you want to achieve does help to ____63____ your quality of life by changing. •Instead of setting rare and big goals, break them into ____64____ tasks and finish them step by step, so that you can make progress day by day to start a cycle of success and _____65_____.【答案】56．goal         57．first          58．empty          59．hard          60．satisfied61．stops        62．from          63．improve        64．smaller        65．happiness【解析】本文以获得北京2022女子单人花样滑冰金牌获奖者和银牌获奖者为例，说明了目标的重要性，并给出如何制定目标实现目标的几点建议。56．根据“But progress, not meeting a goal, is what brings true happiness.”可知，作者认为带给你幸福的不是达成目标，而是进步。故填goal。57．根据“After winning the silver medal in women’s single figure skating at Beijing 2022, Alexandra Trusova was heard screaming that she hated the sport.”以及表格中“A sports woman won the first place”可知，Alexandra Trusova获得了2022年北京冬奥会女子花样滑冰单人滑银牌，可知她不是第一名。这里填序数词first，表示“第一”。故填first。58．根据“You can feel in her words the emptiness in her heart.”可知，你可以从她的话中感受到她内心的空虚。felt是系动词，后面需要跟形容词作表语。故填empty。59．根据“But have you ever connected your happiness to a far-off goal that you could achieve only by putting great efforts into it?”可知，把幸福与一个遥远的目标联系在一起，会很难以实现。故填hard。60．根据“Researchers have found that satisfaction is brought about not by big wins, but rather by making progress in meaningful work.”可知，人们的满足感不是由重大胜利带来的，而是在有意义的工作中取得进展带来的。feel是系动词，后面需要跟形容词作表语。故填satisfied。61．根据“Some researchers have argued that when a goal is the final point for progress, the sudden stop is the process of forward can lead to a feeling of emptiness”可知，当目标是前进的最后一点时，前进过程的突然停止会导致一种空虚感。主语someone是单数，本句是一般现在时，因此动词填三单。故填stops。62．根据“Instead of chasing a goal with a single eye, think more on about whether you’re getting anything out of your progress right now.”可知，不要只追逐一个目标，多想想你现在是否从你的进步中得到了什么。from表示“从……”。故填from。63．根据“The point of a useful goal is to improve your quality of life by changing, not to limp（艰难地移动）across the finish line and stop after a difficult challenge.”可知，一个有用的目标的意义在于通过改变来提高你的生活质量。help to do“帮助某人做某事”。故填improve。64．根据“Make sure you can break your long-term goals into smaller tasks.”可知，不要设定罕见的大目标，把它们分成更小的任务来它们。故填smaller。65．根据“Researchers have found that common, small achievements help to start a cycle of success and happiness much more than rare, big ones.”可知，普通的小成就比罕见的大成就更有助于开启成功和幸福的循环。故填happiness。B）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为66—75的相应位置上。Wang Yaping, China’s second female astronaut, finished a six-month mission onboard the country’s Space station several days ago. She once r___66___ a video message for the United Nations office in Geneva, Switzerland. In this video, Wang shared her experience, s___67___ her greetings to women around the world on the occasion of International Women’s Day on March 8. I wish all girls with space d___68___ to guard your hope for going to the sea of stars. One day, before you know it, when you look u___69___, you will see that your dream is already within reach,” Wang said. She said that space has never changed its environment or lowered its standard because of the arrival of women, and that lots of flight data show that there are n___70___ differences in the ability of the sexes to work in space. Women can all complete the s___71___ training and assessment as male astronauts at a high standard.“It is c___72___ that more and more women will take part in manned spaceflight missions. It will play an i___73___ role in the large-scale and long-term human exploration of space in the future,” she said.“Ladies, women all over the world are making a big difference to the world t___74___ their own efforts,” she said.“I would like to take this chance to thank every female for their selfless dedication, I also wish every female would p____75____ the brightest stars for the lives and careers we love in our own starry sky.” 【答案】66．(r)ecorded         67．(s)ending         68．(d)reams         69．(u)p             70．(n)o71．(s)ame            72．(c)ertain/(c)lear    73．(i)mportant       74．(t)hrough         75．(p)ick【解析】本文主要介绍了中国女航天员王亚平的故事。66．句意：她曾经为瑞士日内瓦的联合国办事处录制了一段视频信息。根据“She once...a video”可知她录制视频，根据“shared”可知句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式recorded“录制”。故填(r)ecorded。67．句意：在这段视频中，王亚平分享了她的经历，在 3月8日国际妇女节之际向世界各地的女性致以问候。根据“...her greetings to women...”可知在妇女节向女性问候，send greetings to sb.“问候某人”，句中有谓语动词“shared”，此处用非谓语动词，主句主语Wang和send之间是主动关系，此处用现在分词作伴随状语。故填(s)end68．句意：祝所有有太空梦想的女孩，守护你去星海的希望。根据“all girls with space...you will see that your dream...”可知是有太空梦想，dream“梦想”，此处用名词复数表示泛指。故填(d)reams。69．句意：有一天，不知不觉中，当你抬起头来，你会发现你的梦想已经触手可及。根据“all girls with space...you will see that your dream...”可知有太空梦想，要向上看，look up“向上看”。故填(u)p。70．句意：大量的飞行数据表明，两性在太空工作的能力没有差异。根据“Women can all complete the...training and assessment as male astronauts at a high standard”可知女性也可以完成和男性一样的训练和考核，说明男性和女性的能力没有差异，no“没有”。故填(n)o。71．句意：女性也可以高标准完成与男性宇航员相同的训练和考核。根据“there are...differences in the ability of the sexes to work in space”可知两性之间的能力没有差异，所以女性和男性的训练和考核是一样的，same“同样的”。故填(s)ame。72．句意：很明显，越来越多的女性将参加载人航天任务。根据“It will play an...role in the large-scale and long-term human exploration of space in the future”可知将来会有越来越多的女性参加航天任务，这是肯定的，作be动词的表语用形容词certain“肯定的”/clear“清晰的”。故填(c)ertain/(c)lear。73．句意：它将在未来大规模、长期的人类太空探索中发挥重要作用。根据“It will play an...role in the large-scale and long-term human exploration of space in the future”可知将来会有越来越多的女性参加航天任务，所以她们会发挥重要的作用，important“重要的”，形容词作定语。故填(i)mportant。74．句意：全世界的女性都在通过自己的努力为世界带来巨大的改变。根据“making a big difference to the world...their own efforts”可知是通过努力改变世界，through“通过”。故填(t)hrough。75．句意：我也希望每一位女性都能在自己的星空中为我们热爱的生活和事业挑选最亮的星星。根据“...the brightest stars”可知是摘星星，pick“摘”，would后加动词原形。故填(p)ick。六、书面表达（满分15分）“双减（double reduction）"意在减轻学生过重的学业负担，并非降低学习质量。相反，对“自律（self-discipline）”提出了更高要求。假如你是第一中学九年级学生张凯，请根据以下提示，写一篇短文关于“双减”后学习上发生的变化以及这些变化带来的结果。提示如下：“双减”发生的变化变化带来的结果作业明显减少课外活动时间增加，可以参加社团活动，比如，跳舞、打球……；老师更认真教学有机会做实验（do experiments），从真实生活中学习；考试减少考试能了解自己的进步与不足，让我们更加努力：不过，没有了考试，我们要更加“自律”，也是一件好事。要求：1.内容须包含以上全部要点，语句通顺，意思连贯；2.词数90个左右；3.表达中请勿提及真实校名及姓名。My name is Zhang Kai. I’m a student in Grade 9, No. 1 Middle School. “Double reduction” policy hopes to reduce students’ learning burden by reducing homework and after-school classes. After “double reduction”, great changes have taken place in our study. _____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文：My name is Zhang Kai. I’m a student in Grade 9, No. 1 Middle School.“Double reduction” policy hopes to reduce students’ learning burden by reducing homework and after-school classes. After “double reduction”, great changes have taken place in our study.First of all, there has been a marked reduction in our homework. It allows us to have more time for extracurricular activities, such as dancing, playing ball and so on. Next, teachers are taking their teaching more seriously. We have the opportunity to do experiments and can learn from real life. Last but not the least, there are fewer exams because of “double reduction”. Exams enable us to understand our progress and shortcomings and make us work harder. However, it is also a good thing that we have to be more “disciplined” without exams.I believe we can study happily and have fun at school because of the “double reduction” policy.【解析】【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求根据表格信息写短文介绍“双减”后学习上发生的变化及这些变化带来的结果，要求要点齐全，可适当发挥。2.写作指导：写作时要以第一、三人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主。文章可分为四段式：第一、二段已给出，第三段介绍具体的变化及其带来的结果；第四段收尾。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。