Module 4 Unit 1知识点详解--2022--2023学年外研版九年级英语上册

外研版九（上）Module 4 Home alone知识点详解重点知识清单Unit 1单词名词：platform（供上下火车用的）月台；站台；meeting会议；集会；clock钟；时钟；passenger乘客；旅客；address地址；text文本；正文；couple一对，两个。动词：miss未出席；未出现；shut关上；合上；lock锁；锁住；ring鸣响；发出铃声；代词：anybody任何人；形容词：simple简单的；容易的。短语be careful with 小心（对待）；注意；look after 照顾；照看；make sure确保；设法保证；plenty of许多；大量；充分的；wake sb. up  把某人叫醒；喊醒某人；使某人醒来；so...that...如此……以至于……；advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事；be about to do sth.即将做某事；send sb. sth.把某物发送给某人；text message短信；send sb. a text message 给某人发短信；have a good trip 旅途愉快；a couple of两个。句子1. It’s leaving from Platform 2. 从2号站台出发。2. So am I, but I can’t miss two weeks of school. 我也是（很遗憾），但是我不能两周不上课。3. Be especially careful with the door. 特别要注意家门。4. I can look after myself, although it won’t be easy for me. 我能照顾好自己，尽管那对我来说不那么容易。5. Well, make sure you eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables. 嗯，要保证每天都吃大量的新鲜水果和蔬菜。6. There won’t be anybody to wake you up in the morning. 早上也没人叫你起床了。7. My clock rings so loudly that it will certainly wake me up. 我的闹钟很响，肯定能把我叫醒。8. We advise all passengers for Train T27 to Lhasa to go immediately to Platform 2. 乘坐T27次列车前往拉萨的旅客们，请马上到2号站台上车。9. Your train is about to leave. 你的火车要开了。Unit 2单词名词：order命令；指示；business工作；sofa(长)沙发；snack点心；小吃；midnight午夜；子夜；cup杯子；一杯饮料；task任务；工作；动词：manage管理；支配；burn (使)烧焦；(使)烤糊；副词：actually事实上；形容词：unhappy不高兴的；empty空的；unable不能做某事的。短语a bit稍微；有点儿；feel unhappy with sb.对某人感到不满意；turn off关掉；关闭(设备)；be/become bored with对……感到无聊/厌倦；leave sb. alone让某人独自待着；come true实现；成真；be worried about担心；on business出差；have fun玩得高兴；as soon as一……就……；wake up醒；醒来；hurry to do sth.赶紧做某事；ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物；hand in提交；上交；be unable to do sth.不能做某事；all day long整天；feel lonely感到孤单；help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事；在某事上帮助某人；tidy up收拾；整理；depend on依靠；依赖；取决于。句子1. Although they loved me, I felt a bit unhappy with them. 尽管他们爱我，但我对他们有点儿满。2. I became so bored with their orders that I wished they would leave me alone. 对于他们的指令，我非常厌烦，以至于我真希望他们别管我。3. Although my parents were very worried about leaving me, they had to go away on business for a few days. 尽管父母对离开我非常担心，但他们不得不出差几天。4. The teacher asked me for my homework, but I could not hand it in. 老师向我要作业，但我没法交上。5. With an empty stomach, I was unable to play basketball with my classmates! 肚子里空空的，我不能喝同学们打篮球！Unit 3短语plan to do sth.计划做某事；say goodbye to sb.向某人告别；go hungry挨饿；be pleased to do sth.很乐意做某事； see sb. off送别某人；be busy doing sth.忙于做某事；get ready准备好；fight with sb.和某人争吵；in a hurry匆忙地；by accident偶然地；意外地；later on后来；hear sb. doing sth.听见某人在做某事；get broken坏掉的；take away拿走；带走；put sb. in danger把某人置于危险中；point out指出；out of reach of sb.某人够不到的范围。句子As you get older, I think it is important not to depend on your parents for everything, but to learn to look after yourself. 随着年龄的增长，我认为重要的是不要每一件事都依靠父母，而是要学会照顾自己。模块语法结果状语从句和让步状语从句（详见模块语法详解）写作谈论完美假日的独立生活经历及感受（详见模块主题写作）Unit 1 I can look after myself, although it won’t be easy for me★(A2).【知识点再现】It’s leaving from Platform 2. 从2号站台出发。【知识点1】be leaving在这是现在进行时表将来时意义。在英语中，可以用现在进行时表将来的动词一般都是一些表示位置转移的动词，如come, leave, go, fly, move, start等。用现在进行时表将来指的是近期的、按计划和安排要发生的动作。如：Are they all coming tomorrow? 他们明天都来吗？Annie is coming for supper this evening. 今晚安妮要来吃晚餐。★(A2).【知识点再现】So am I, but I can’t miss two weeks of school. 我也是（很遗憾），但是我不能两周不上课。【知识点2】So am I意为“我也是”，so代替上文提到的情况。“So+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示自己与前一个人的情况相同或同意前一个人的说法，意思是“某人（主语）也是如此”。be动词/助动词/情态动词要与前面句子的谓语在形式、时态上保持一致，与本句主语在人称和数上保持一致。如：He can swim, and so can I. 他会游泳，我也会。Joe was a little upset, and so was I. 乔有点不开心，我也有点儿。He has been ill, and so has his wife. 他一直生着病，他妻子也一样。【辨析】“so+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”与“so+主语+ be动词/助动词/情态动词”的用法辨析：①“so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示前面所述肯定情况同样适用于后者，意为“某人（主语）也是如此”，前后两句的主语不是同一人。在口语交际中，可转化为“宾格代词+too”。如：He goes to school by bike every day. So do I. 他每天骑车上学，我也如此。Neil left just after midnight, and so did Jack. 尼尔一过午夜就走了，杰克也是。②“so+主语+ be动词/助动词/情态动词”表示对前面所述情况加以确认，意为“某人（主语）的确如此”， 前后两句的主语是同一人。如：  ---- He likes the car. 他喜欢那辆小汽车。 ---- So he does. 他确实喜欢。Tom says you work hard, so you do, and so does he. 汤姆说你努力工作，你确实如此，他工作也努力。【拓展】表示与上文所述否定情况相同时，应该用句型“Neither+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构。如：Mary isn’t outgoing, neither am I. 玛丽不外向，我也不(外向)。【知识点3】miss在这里的意思是“未出席；未出现”，后面出现动词时，应该用动名词形式；miss 作动词还有“想念；错过；漏掉”的意思。miss作名词意为“女士; 小姐”，此时m必须大写，常用于姓名或姓之前，尤指未婚女子。如：He’s missed school three days this week. 本周他缺了3天课。He never missed attending the lectures. 他从未缺席过这些讲座。★(A2).【知识点再现】Be especially careful with the door. 特别要注意家门。【知识点4】careful 是形容词，意为“仔细的；认真的；小心的”，在句中作表语或定语。其用法如下：①be careful with sth. 意为“小心（对待）某物；对某事物小心”。如：Please be careful with my glasses. 请当心，别打碎我的眼镜。②be careful in doing sth. 意为“小心/仔细做某事”。如：He’s careful in reading every sentence. 他读每个句子都很仔细。③be careful to do sth. 意为“小心做某事”。如：He’s careful to read every sentence. 他注意读(即不漏读)每一个句子。④be careful+that 从句。意为“小心……”。如：Do be careful (about) what you say. 说话一定要小心。⑤be careful of/about意为“注意；当心，留意”。如：I hope you’ll be more careful of/about your health. 我希望你要多注意身体。★(A2).【知识点再现】I can look after myself, although it won’t be easy for me. 我能照顾好自己，尽管那对我来说不那么容易。【知识点5】look after意为“照顾，照看；照管”，后跟名词或代词作宾语，同义短语为take care of。如：Please look after the baby for me for a while, will you? 请替我照顾这个婴儿一会儿，好吗？My mother is ill. I have to look after/take care of her at home. 妈妈生病了。我必须在家里照顾她。【拓展】与look有关的常用短语：look at 看……；look for 寻找；look like 看起来像；look out 当心；look over 检查；look up 查询；look through 浏览；look around 环顾四周；look forward to 期待，盼望等。【知识点6】【辨析】though 与although的用法辨析：①though用作连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，两者大致相同，可换用，只是although比though更为正式。常用来引导让步状语从句，从句可放在主句前或主句后，但不可与but 或however 同时使用，但可与still或yet连用。如：Though (Although) it was raining, we went there. 虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那儿。Though (Although) it was barely four o’clock, the lights were already on. 尽管才四点钟，灯已经亮了。Lucy often helps me with my English, though she is very busy. 尽管露西很忙，她还是经常帮我学习英语。②though用作副词，although 一般不用作副词，而though可用作副词，且一般放在句末(不放在句首），意为“但是；然而；不过”。如：It’s hard work; I enjoy it though. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。Our team lost. It was a good game though. 我们队输了，但是这也不失为一场好比赛。③though用于习语，在as though (好像，仿佛），even though (即使，纵然)等固定短语中不能用although。如：She closed her eyes as though she was tired. 她闭上眼，仿佛很疲劳似的。He is an honest man, I must say, even though I have opposed him. 尽管我反对过他，我还得说他是一个诚实的人。④though用于倒装句，though引导的部分让步状语从句可用部分倒桩的形式(注意：倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词)，但although一般不这样用。如：Poor though I am, I can afford it. 我虽然穷，但这东西还是买得起的。★(A2).【知识点再现】Well, make sure you eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables. 嗯，要保证每天都吃大量的新鲜水果和蔬菜。【知识点7】make sure意为“确保；查明；弄清楚”，它常用于祈使句或下列结构中：①make sure后接“that引导的宾语从句(that可省略)”。如：I make sure (that) he will come. 我确信他会来。②make sure后接“of/about+名词或动名词”结构。如：Make sure of his coming before you set off. 你出发之前要确定他是否要来。③make sure后接“(特殊疑问词+)不定式”结构。如：Have you made sure when to leave for Beijing? 你确定什么时候出发去北京吗？【知识点8】plenty of意为“丰富的，充足的”，既可用来修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词。plenty of一般用于肯定句中，在疑问句中一般用enough，在否定句一般用many或much。如：There is plenty of water in the bottle. 瓶子里有很多水。There are plenty of places to visit in Beijing. 北京有很多可以参观的地方。【拓展】表示许多的单词或短语：①只能修饰可数名词复数的有many, a number of。②只能修饰不可数名词的有much。③既能修饰可数名词复数，又能修饰不可说名词的有a lot of=lots of, some, plenty of。★(A2).【知识点再现】There won’t be anybody to wake you up in the morning. 早上也没人叫你起床了。【知识点9】anybody为不定代词，常用于疑问句中、否定句或条件句中，相当于anyone，意为“任何人”；用于肯定句中，意为“随便哪个人”；形容词修饰anybody, anyone等不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词的后面；anybody等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Is there anybody in the hall? 大厅里有人吗?Did you meet anybody interesting? 你遇到任何有趣的人了吗? Anyone/Anybody can have a look at it. 任何人都可以看一下它。If anyone comes, ask him to wait. 如果有人来，让他等着。【辨析】somebody，anybody，nobody与everybody的用法辨析：①somebody意为“某人；有人”，只表示人，作主语时跟单数动词，一般用在肯定句中。如：Somebody is waiting outside. 有人在外面等。②anybody意为“任何人”，只表示人，作主语时跟单数动词，一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。如：Does anybody else want to go? 还有别人要去吗?You may ask anybody here for help. 你可以请求这里的任何人帮忙。③nobody意为“无人；没有人”，只表示人，常用在肯定句中，表示否定意义，相当于not...anybody。如：There is nobody here. 没有人在这里。④everybody意为“每人，人人”，everybody与everyone 同义，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：  Everybody is here todat except Jim. 今天除了吉姆之外，每个人都在这儿。【知识点10】wake sb. up意为“把某人叫醒”。wake up意为“唤醒；叫醒”，是及物动词短语，当被叫醒的对象是人称代词时，要用宾格形式，且必须放在短语中间；当被叫醒的对象是名词时，可放在短语中间，也可放在短语后面。如：My mother woke me up very early this morning. 今天早晨妈妈很早就叫醒了我。Tom, thanks for waking my cousin up/ waking up my cousin every day. 汤姆，谢谢你每天叫我表弟起床。【拓展】wake up意为“醒；醒来”，不是及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。如：I usually wake up at 6:30 in the morning. 我通常在早上六点半醒来。★(A2).【知识点再现】My clock rings so loudly that it will certainly wake me up. 我的闹钟很响，肯定能把我叫醒。【知识点11】so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。句中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，即：so+形容词/副词+that从句。如：The camera is so expensive that I can’t afford it. 这架相机太贵了，我买不起。He was so clever that he worked out that math problem quickly. 他非常聪明，很快就算出了这道数学题。【拓展】so…that...的三种不同句式：①so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句。如：Bill is so cute a boy that we all like him. 贝尔是如此可爱的一个男孩，我们都喜欢他。②so+many/few/much/little+名词+that从句。如：The explorer had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. 探险家摔了很多跤，以至于全身上下青一块，紫一块的。③so…that句式中，当that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时，可以与be…enough to do转换；当从句为否定句时，可以与too…to…或be not…enough to do转换。Jim is so young that he can’t look after himself.=Jim is too young to look after himself.=Jim is not old enough to look after himself. 吉姆如此小以至于他不能照顾他自己。★(A2).【知识点再现】We advise all passengers for Train T27 to Lhasa to go immediately to Platform 2. 乘坐T27次列车前往拉萨的旅客们，请马上到2号站台上车。【知识点12】advise此处用作及物动词，意为“建议；忠告；向……提出建议”，后接名词、代词、动名词或宾语从句。其用法如下：①advise sb. (not) to do sth.= advise sb. against doing sth.意为“建议/劝告某人(不)做某事”。如：She advised me to wear my best clothes. 她建议我穿上我最好的衣服。I advised him how to improve his English as soon as possible. 我建议他怎样尽快提高他的英语。He advised her not to go out at night.=He advised her against going out at night.他劝她晚上不要出去。②advise sth./doing sth.意为“建议/劝告某事/做某事”。如：I advised starting at once. 我建议马上开始。//  He advised leaving early. 他建议早点动身。③advise 后接that从句时，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。如：I advised that my father (should) stop smoking. 我建议我爸爸戒烟。The man advises that we (should) walk on the other side of the road. 那个人建议我们在路的另一边行走。【拓展】advise的名词形式为advice，意为“建议；劝告；忠告”，是不可数名词。常用短语a piece of advice。如：He often gives us some good advice. 他经常给我们提出一些好建议。★(A2).【知识点再现】Your train is about to leave. 你的火车要开了。【知识点13】be about to do sth.意为“将要/即将/打算做某事”，用于表示客观上马上就要发生的事，一般不与具体的将来的时间状语连用，但可以与when连用。意义相当于be going to do sth.。如：She looked as if she was about to cry. 她看上去好像要哭了。We were just about to leave when Jerry arrived. 杰里来的时候，我们正准备走。【辨析】be about to do sth.与be going to do sth.的用法辨析：①be about to do sth.表示马上要发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。如：I was about to leave when the telephone rang. 我正要离开，这时电话响了。The plane is about to take off. We must hurry. 飞机马上就要起飞了，我们必须快点。②be going to do sth.表示将要发生的事或最近打算、计划或决定要做的事。如：What are you going to do next Sunday? 下个星期天你打算做什么？We are going to have a picnic this weekend. 这个周末我们打算去野餐。★(A2).【知识点再现】Send me a text message. 发短信给我吧。【知识点14】send是动词，意为“寄；送”，其过去式和过去分词均为sent。其主要用法如下：①send后可接双宾语：send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 意为“送某人某物”。如：Please send me a card.= Please send a card to me. 请送我一张卡片。I often send some cards to my friends at Christmas. 在圣诞节我经常给我的朋友寄一些卡片。【拓展1】可以接双宾语的动词还有：give，bring，tell，lend，pass，show，teach（后跟to）；buy，cook（后跟for）。②send sb. to sw. 意为“把某人送到某地”。如：His mother will send him to another school. 他的母亲将把他送到另一所学校。My parents sent me to the countryside last Sunday. 上个星期天我父母把我送到了乡下。【拓展2】与send有关的短语：send for派人去请；send away撵走。★(A2).【知识点再现】Have a good trip! 旅途愉快！【知识点15】have a good trip意为“旅途愉快”，have在此处意为“经受；经历”，相当于have a good time/enjoy oneself。此短语常常用来表达美好的祝愿。如：Have a good trip to Guilin. 祝你到桂林旅途愉快。// I wish you to have a good trip. 我希望你旅途愉快。★(A2).【知识点再现】See you in a couple of weeks! 两周后再见了！【知识点16】a couple of是固定搭配，意为“两个人；两件事物；几个人；几件事物”，后接可数名词的复数形式；作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：We went there a couple of years ago. 我们几年前去过那里。They will come back in a couple of days. 他们将在两天后回来。【辨析】a couple of与a pair of的用法辨析：这两个名词均有“一对；两个”之意。①a couple of意为“两个人；两件事物；几个人；几件事物”，常指同类事物中的任意两个或几个，不一定是成对的或成双使用的。如：She has a couple of friends at school. 她在学校有两个朋友。I have a couple of offers from Hollywood. 我已经拿到了几个好莱坞的片约。②a pair of意为“一双/对/副/条/把……”，通常指成对的或成对使用的东西，以及在使用时彼此不能分开的两部分构成的东西。如一双鞋、一把剪刀和一条裤子。如：This pair of socks is a bit big for me. 这双袜子对于我来说有点大。Mother bought her a pair of tnenis shoes. 母亲给她买了一双网球鞋。