山东省菏泽市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-04短文选词填空

山东省菏泽市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编

04短文选词填空

一、短文选词填空

（2022·山东菏泽）阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。

In ancient times, people covered themselves with animal skins or leaves until the arrival of the Goddess of Silkworm(蚕神).

She was a pretty and kind-hearted girl. Unluckily, at that time __1___ her parents were ill, and she had to go out herself to pick wild fruit for them. But soon there __2___ no more fruit to pick around her home. She was so worried ___3___ she began to cry under a mulberry(桑葚) tree. Finally, the Emperor in Heaven was moved by her story and sent a god to turn ___4___ a silkworm on the mulberry tree.

The silkworm dropped some sweet mulberries into the girl’s mouth. When she realized that the mulberry could be eaten, she was very happy __5___ picked some for her parents every day.

That summer, the silkworm began to give silk and build a cocoon(茧). The girl took the ___6___ out of the cocoon and then made into clothes. The clothes felt cool in the summer and stayed ___7___ in the winter. So she picked some silkworms from the mulberry tree and raised them. Later, she began to ___8___ local people to weave(纺织) and wear beautiful and comfortable silk clothes.

The King was happy about her ___9___ and decided to give her a new name Leizu. Later, Leizu married the Yellow Emperor and helped him unite China. She also ____10____ the emperor to spread sericulture(养蚕业) across the country. Since then, Leizu has been respected by Chinese people as the Goddess of Silkworm.

（2021·山东菏泽）

Now a growing number of young people are wearing traditional hanfu, or Han Chinese clothing. You may see them eating, shopping, travelling ___11___ even working in hanfu. Hanfu ___12__ popular in part because the government is developing traditional culture. Period dramas have also helped develop the public’s interest in traditional ___13___ clothes.

What hanfu is like is different since each Han-controlled dynasty had ___14___ own style, but the clothes are usually loose, with sleeves （袖子）that hang down to the knees and flowing robes （长袍）around the body.

In modern China, people in different fields are ___15___ in wearing hanfu: from history lovers to students and even young ___16___.

“Clothes are the foundation （基础）of culture,” said Jiang Xue, who is a ___17___ of a hanfu club in Beijing. “If we as a people and as a country do not even ___18___ our traditional clothing or don’t wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture?”

However, there is ___19___ a long way for the style to go into people’s daily life. Some say they are ___20___ of being watched by others when wearing hanfu in public.

（2020·山东菏泽）

During the Warring States Period, there was a musician called Gongming Yi, who played musical instrument—qixianqin very well. He loved it so much___21___he played it at home almost every day. A great number of people would like___22___to him, and admired him very much. They all said that the man was such a great musician. When they___23___free, they often went to Gongming Yi's house and listened to his music.

One day, Gongming Yi saw a___24___when he was having fun in the countryside. Suddenly, he had a strange idea. “Since everybody loves my music,why don't I play some music for this cow?” Then he moved his qixianqin___25___front of the cow. And he began to play it. He played the qixianqin very well and the music was beautiful, but the cow showed no reaction at all. It just kept eating___26___with its head down. He thought the music he played might be too___27___for the cow. So he tried to play some easy music. However, after playing for a long time, Gongming Yi was disappointed. He began to question his musical ability. He said to___28___, “The cow didn't understand my music. ”Then he shook his head and went away.

This is a funny story, but it is educational. We can learn___29___lessons from the story. First, don't say anything to the people who don't understand you at all. Second, ___30____ you talk to a wrong listener, you are silly and wasting time.

参考答案：

1．both

2．was

3．that

4．into

5．and

6．silk

7．warm

8．teach

9．invention

10．encouraged

【解析】

【导语】

本文讲述了被中国人尊为蚕神的嫘祖的故事。

1．句意：不幸的是，那时她的父母都生病了，她不得不自己出去给他们摘野果。本句强调父母两个人，both两者都，符合语境。故填both。

2．句意：但是很快她家周围就没有水果可摘了。there be表示“有”，本文讲述的发生在过去的故事，用一般过去时，主语fruit是不可数名词，所以be动词使用was。故填was。

3．句意：她非常担心，于是在一棵桑葚树下哭了起来。so...that...“如此……以致于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。

4．句意：最后，天庭中的玉皇大帝被她的故事感动了，派了一个神在桑树上变成了一只蚕。根据“a silkworm ”可知，此处使用turn into“转变成”，符合语境。故填into。

5．句意：当她意识到桑葚可以吃的时候，非常高兴，每天都摘一些给她的父母。picked与前面的was并列做谓语，用and连接。故填and。

6．句意：女孩从茧中取出丝，然后做成衣服。空处填名词做took的宾语，结合所给词汇，表示从茧里拿出来的就是蚕丝了。silk“蚕丝”，符合语境。故填silk。

7．句意：这些衣服夏天感觉凉爽，冬天感觉温暖。根据“cool in the summer”可知，此处使用warm“暖和的”，表示“冬天很暖和”。故填warm。

8．句意：后来，她开始教当地人编织和穿漂亮舒适的丝绸衣服。begin to do“开始做某事”，因此空格处应填动词原形，由空格后“local people to weave…”可知此处是讲述“她”教当地人纺织。teach“教”，符合语境。故填teach。

9．句意：君主对她的发明感到很高兴，并决定给她一个新的名字叫嫘祖。形容词性物主代词her后接名词，此处表达的是“她”养蚕纺织的发明。invention“发明”，符合语境。故填invention。

10．句意：她还鼓励皇帝在全国推广养蚕业。结合所给词汇可推断，此处表达的是嫘祖鼓励玉帝推广养蚕业。encourage“鼓励”，encourage sb to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，空格处应填动词作谓语，由于讲述的是过去的故事，应使用一般过去时。故填encouraged。

11．or

12．becomes

13．Chinese

14．its

15．interested

16．workers

17．member

18．understand

19．still

20．afraid

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了汉服的现状。

11．句意：你可能会看到他们穿着汉服吃饭、购物、旅游甚至工作。分析“You may see them eating, shopping, travelling…even working in hanfu.”可知，此处表示并列关系，备选词or“或者”符合语境，故填or。

12．句意：汉服流行的部分原因是政府正在发展传统文化。根据“Hanfu…popular in part”可知，本句需要系动词作谓语动词，备选词become“变得”符合语境，时态是一般现在时，主语是Hanfu，动词用三单，故填becomes。

13．句意：古装剧也有助于培养公众对中国传统服饰的兴趣。根据“Period dramas have also helped develop the public’s interest in traditional…clothes.”可知，是中国传统服饰，Chinese作定语修饰clothes，故填Chinese。

14．句意：汉服的样子是不同的，因为每个汉人控制的朝代都有自己的风格，但衣服通常是宽松的，袖子垂到膝盖，飘逸的长袍环绕身体。根据“each Han-controlled dynasty had…own style”可知，此处指“每个朝代的”，备选词its“它的”符合语境，故填its。

15．句意：在现代中国，不同领域的人都对汉服感兴趣：从历史爱好者到学生，甚至年轻的工人。根据“people in different fields are…in wearing hanfu”和备选词可知，此处是be interested in短语，译为“对……感兴趣”，故填interested。

16．句意：在现代中国，不同领域的人都对汉服感兴趣：从历史爱好者到学生，甚至年轻的工人。根据“from history lovers to students and even young…”可知，此处指身份，备选词work的名词worker“工人”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，故填workers。

17．句意：“服装是文化的基础，”北京一个汉服俱乐部的成员蒋雪说。根据“who is a…of a hanfu club in Beijing”可知，此处是a member of“……的一个成员”，故填member。

18．句意：如果我们作为一个民族、一个国家甚至都不理解或不穿我们的传统服装，我们怎么能谈论我们文化的其他重要部分呢？根据“If we as a people and as a country do not even…our traditional clothing”可知，此处需要动词作谓语，understand“理解”符合语境，用于助动词do not后，使用动词原形，故填understand。

19．句意：然而，这种风格要进入人们的日常生活还有很长的路要走。根据“However, there is…a long way for the style to go into people’s daily life.”可知，备选词still“仍然”符合语境，在句中作状语，故填still。

20．句意：一些人表示，他们害怕在公共场合穿着汉服被别人看。根据“Some say they are…of being watched by others when wearing hanfu in public.”和备选词可知，此处是be afraid of短语，译为“害怕”，故填afraid。

21．that

22．to listen

23．were

24．cow

25．in

26．grass

27．difficult

28．himself

29．two

30．if

【解析】

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述公明仪给母牛弹七弦琴，母牛没有任何反应的故事。

21．句意：他如此的喜欢它以至于几乎每天在家弹琴。

此处是so…that…引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此喜欢以至于几乎每天在家弹琴”，此处用that。故答案为that。

22．句意:大量的人想要听他弹琴，非常钦佩他。

表示“想要做某事”用would like to do，此处用动词不定式to listen to表示“听”。故答案为to listen。

23．句意：当他们有空的时候，他们经常去公明仪的家听他的音乐。

此处缺谓语动词，根据went可知是一般过去时态，主语they是复数，此处用were free表示“有空”。故答案为were。

24．句意：一天，公明仪在乡下玩乐时看到一只母牛。

定冠词a后面接可数名词单数，根据后文“play some music for this cow”可知此处用cow表示“母牛”。故答案为cow。

25．句意：然后他把七弦琴移动到母牛的面前。

此处用介词短语in front of做地点状语，表示“在母牛的前面”。故答案为in。

26．句意：它只是低着头不停地吃草。

动词eating后面用名词，根据cow和eating可知此处用不可数名词grass表示“吃草”。故答案为grass。

27．句意：他认为他弹奏的音乐可能对于母牛来说太难了。

根据“So he tried to play some easy music”可知觉得音乐对母牛来说太难所以弹奏容易的音乐。too后面用形容词difficult。故答案为difficult。

28．句意：他自言自语：“母牛不明白我的音乐。”

表示“自言自语”用say to oneself;根据he可知此处用反身代词himself。故答案为himself。

29．句意：我们从这个故事学到两点教训。

根据“first，…second,…”可知后文讲述了两点，此处用基数词two。故答案为two。

30．句意：第二，如果你和一个错误的听者讲话，你很蠢，是在浪费时间。

此处是条件状语，用连词if引导从句。故答案为if。