浙江省宁波市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-04语法填空&短文选词填空

这是一份浙江省宁波市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-04语法填空&短文选词填空，共8页。试卷主要包含了语法填空，短文选词填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、语法填空
（2022·浙江宁波）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
It was the summer hlidays and ur family rented an apartment fr a week near the beach. We all went t the beach n ___1___ first day and it was fantastic! I did lts f surfing. The sea was really warm! While Mum and Dad were reading ____2____ (they) bks, my brther Paul was building a big sandcastle (沙堡). He was happy fr ___3___ (hur)!
On the evening we arrived, my parents were cking supper when suddenly the cmputer stpped wrking. There was n electricity in the apartment! We had t eat ur supper in the dark! The electricity didn’t cme n again ___4___ late at night.
The next day, we went t the market. We ___5___ (shp) when suddenly dark cluds came ver and it started t rain hard. Dad ___6___ (drive) us back t the apartment.
When we gt back, the rain was cming int Paul’s bedrm and his bed was very wet. S fr the rest f the hliday he had t share my bedrm.
___7___ the end f the hliday, Mum and Dad were cleaning the apartment when suddenly Dad shuted, “Oh, n!” Paul and I ran int the kitchen. ___8___ strange it was! Paul’s milk was drunk and my apples ___9___ (eat) by a family f mice!
We packed up ur things and left the apartment very ___10___ (quick)! We were all really glad t get hme.
（2021·浙江宁波）Susan was tired f having her three children talk back t her. One day, she climbed int her kids’ tree huse. It was ____11____ gd place, she thught, fr a mther t g n strike（罢工）. She was tired f ____12____ (drive) them everywhere withut thanks and ding mre than her share f the wrk arund the huse. Until ____13____ (thing) changed, Susan decided t stay up in the tree.
Susan’s strike gt her kids’ attentin, ____14____ curse. But that was nt all that happened. Wrd f the fed-up mther spread. Befre lng, a camera crew frm televisin’s Tday Shw came int their yard. Nw peple all acrss America were ging t find ____15____wh drve the kids’ mther up a tree.
As the cameras wrked, the three kids std with their father near the tree huse. Kate, the Tday Shw hst, had a questin fr ____16____ (they). “What d yu think abut yur mm n strike in that tree huse?” she asked.
“I am kind f embarrassed,” said Misty.
“I’m really shcked, “said Jseph. “I did nt think it wuld g this far. My mm is much ____17____ (crazy) than we thught.”
Rachel added, “I think mm is s strange ____18____ I can hardly believe it.”
But Susan had made her pint. If the kids ____19____ (want) her back, they shuld knw what t d. When the TV crew left, the kids went int their huse ____20____ (quick) and gt busy. Nt lng after that Susan climbed dwn frm the tree and went back t being a mm.
（2020·浙江宁波）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Last summer I gt the chance t spend a mnth helping ut in a hspital in Africa. I had ne year left at schl, and I was ___21___ (interest) in studying medicine at university.
It was a mnth that changed my life. I ___22___ (intrduce) t a wrld that is very different t mine in s many ways. I was shcked at hw pr s many ___23___ (family) ver there are and hw difficult their lives can be. But I was als surprised at hw psitively peple spend ___24___ (they) daily lives.
The way they cme tgether and help each ther is a real inspiratin, and smething I think a lt f us here in the UK have frgtten. I think many f us dn't realize ___25___lucky we are. My wrk in the hspital was hard. Nt nly did I spend a lt f time cleaning flrs, but ___26___ I gt t spend sme time lking after the patients. And I gt the chance ___27___ (talk) t sme dctrs and ask them abut the jb. I saw sme truly awful things in the hspital, __28___ nne f them changed my mind abut being a dctr. ___29___ fact, they nly made me mre determined t d medicine!
When I finish, I knw ____30____ I'm ging t d: I want t wrk fr an internatinal rganizatin like the Red Crss. I can't wait t get started.
二、短文选词填空
（2022·浙江宁波）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次 (每空一词)。
Laughter is gd fr yu, and that’s n jke! A gd laugh helps yu right away. When yu laugh, changes ___31___in yur bdy. Fr example, yu take in ___32___ air than usual, which is gd fr yur heart. A gd laugh increases yur heart rate. When yu laugh, yur brain als releases (释放) chemicals that make yu feel happy. Laughing can als make yu feel relaxed fr up t 45 minutes.Laughter can ___33___ reduce pain. Yu prbably dn’t want t chuckle (偷笑) when yu’re hurt, but laughter helps the bdy make its wn ___34___ medicine. Laughing is als great exercise! Research ___35___ that laughing 100 times is as gd as riding a bike fr 15 minutes.
S why dn’t yu try laughing ut lud every day?
（2021·浙江宁波）
D yu knw that we are using up the Earth’s fresh water faster than we can replace it? We need water t stay alive and if we dn’t use water ____36____, we will run ut!Water is needed fr just abut everything we d. We need it t farm, t wash, t prvide pwer, t cntrl fires and—mst imprtantly—t drink. ____37____ water, we wuld all die.
S we shuld all save water if we want t have enugh t stay alive. Using less water ____38____ saving mney and saving energy. Saving water is EASY. Here are sme ____39____ tips:
* Have shrter shwers and nly half fill the bath.
* Turn the tap ff while yu sap yur hands r brush yur ____40____.
* Fix any taps r hses（软管）that drip—every drp cunts!
（2020·浙江宁波）
Music helps us exercise—but why des it have this effect? Experts say there are tw main reasns. The ___41___ is simple: music takes ur attentin away. When we listen t a sng we like, ur brains fcus n the music. Fr example, After we exercise ___42___ 20 minutes, ur bdy might be tired. But we may nt feel this immediately ___43___ we are listening t music. S we can exercise a little lnger.
Music als makes us want t mve. When we hear dance music, fr example, we naturally start t mve t the beat. A psitive sng als puts us in a gd md, s we feel much ___44___. This gives us energy and helps us exercise lnger. Music with a quick and cntinuing beat is gd fr exercising. "But the music shuldn't be t fast, "___45___ Dr. Cstas, a famus sprts expert. In general, sngs in the range f 120-140 beats per minute (BPM) are the best.happen als shw nature much
mean, helpful, tth, withut, wise
because say happy ne fr
参考答案：
the
their
hurs
until或till
were shpping
drve
At
Hw
were eaten
quickly
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了作者和家人在海边的度假经历。
句意：第一天我们都去了海滩，太棒了！此处表示第一天，序数词first前要加冠词the，故填the。
句意：当妈妈和爸爸在读书的时候，我的弟弟保罗正在建一个大沙堡。此空修饰名词bks，且此空指代“Mum and Dad”，应用their表示“他们的”，故填their。
句意：他高兴了好几个小时。hur是可数名词，空格前无冠词，故此空应填复数名词，故填hurs。
句意：直到深夜才重新通电。根据“The electricity didn’t cme n again … late at night”可知，此处用nt…until/till表示“直到……才”，故填until/till。
句意：我们正在买东西，突然乌云密布，下起了大雨。when引导的时间状语从句，从句谓语动词came是一般过去时，主句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，用过去进行时was/were ding的结构，主语we是复数形式，助动词用were，故填were shpping。
句意：爸爸开车送我们回公寓。描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填drve。
句意：假期快结束了，爸爸妈妈正在打扫房间，突然爸爸喊了起来。at the end f“在……的结束时”，固定搭配，且句首的单词首字母要大写，故填At。
句意：多么奇怪啊！此句是感叹句，中心词strange是形容词，用hw引导的感叹句结构：hw+形容词+主谓，句首的单词首字母要大写，故填Hw。
句意：保罗的牛奶被喝了，我的苹果被一群老鼠吃掉了。主语apples与动词eat之间是被动关系，且是描述过去发生的事情，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were dne的结构，主语apples是复数形式，助动词用were，故填were eaten。
句意：我们收拾好东西，很快就离开了公寓！此空修饰动词left，要用副词，quick是形容词，对应的副词是quickly“快速地”，故填quickly。
a
driving
things
f
ut
them
crazier
that
wanted
quickly
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要讲述了一位妈妈因为厌倦为家庭付出太多，而收不到任何感谢，一怒之下进行了罢工。后来随着《今日秀》摄制组的到来，事情有了转变。
句意：她想，这是一个母亲进行罢工的好地方。句中“place”为单数可数名词，“gd”以辅音音素开头，且此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
句意：她厌倦了开车带着他们到处走，却不向她表示道谢，也厌倦了做太多她该做的家务。be tired f ding sth.厌倦做某事，f为介词，后面跟v-ing形式，故填driving。
句意：直到事情发生变化，苏珊决定留在树上。句中“thing”意为“事情”，为可数名词，根据句意知应用复数形式，故填things。
句意：当然，苏珊的罢工引起了孩子们的注意。由前句“Susan’s strike gt her kids’ attentin”和句中“curse”可知，此句是说苏珊的罢工当然引起了孩子们的注意。f curse当然，为固定短语，故填f。
句意：现在全美国的人都要找出是谁把孩子的妈妈送上了树。由句中“wh drve the kids’ mther up a tree.”可知，此句是说全美国的人正打算找出谁把孩子的妈妈送上树。find ut弄明白，查清楚，故填ut。
句意：《今日秀》的主持人凯特问了他们一个问题。由句中“had a questin”可知，此句是说向某人提问。句中“fr”为介词，后面跟代词宾格，故填them。
句意：我妈妈比我们想象的要疯狂得多。crazy疯狂的，形容词，由句中“than”可知，应用比较级，故填crazier。
句意：雷切尔补充说:“我觉得妈妈太奇怪了，我简直不敢相信。”如此……以至于……，为固定句型，故填that。
句意：如果孩子们想要她回来，他们应该知道做什么。句中“if”如果，引导条件状语从句。这里是按正常情况“退一步说”，与现在的事实相反，应用虚拟语气，从句中用一般过去时，故填wanted。
句意：当摄制组离开后，孩子们迅速进入他们的房子，开始忙碌起来。句中“went int”为动词短语，应用副词修饰。quick快的，形容词，其副词形式为quickly，意为“快地”，故填quickly。
interested
was intrduced
families
their
hw
als
t talk
but
In
what
【解析】
【分析】
本文讲述了作者在非洲一家医院工作一个月后的心得和感受，并且更加坚定了自己的职业目标的故事。
句意：我对在大学学习医学很感兴趣。
考查形容词。be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”，根据句意，故填interested。
句意：我被介绍到了一个与我的世界在很多方面都非常不同的世界。
考查动词。根据句意可知主语和谓语动词是被动关系，又因为本文讲述的过去的事情，所以该句应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，故填was intrduced。
句意：我感到震惊的是，那里有那么多的家庭如此贫困，他们的生活有多么艰难。
考查名词。s many意为“如此多的”，后面跟可数名词复数形式，family复数形式为families，故填families。
句意：但我也惊讶于人们如何积极地度过他们的日常生活。
考查形容词性物主代词。此处要修饰名词lives，所以应用they的形容词性物主代词their，故填their。
句意：我想我们很多人都没有意识到我们有多幸运。
考查感叹句。根据句意指“我们有多幸运”，是个感叹句，又根据感叹句结构What+(a/an)+形容词+名词或Hw +adj./adv.+主语+谓语，可知应用hw引导感叹句，故填hw。
句意：我不仅花了很多时间打扫地板，还花了一些时间照顾病人。
考查副词。nt nly…but als…意为“不仅……而且……”，根据句意，故填als。
句意：我有机会和一些医生交谈，询问他们有关工作的情况。
考查动词。get the chance t d sth.意为“得到做某事的机会”，根据句意，故填t talk。
句意：我在医院里看到了一些非常可怕的事情，但都没有改变了我做医生的想法。
考查并列连词。根据句意前后两句是转折关系，所以用连词but，故填but。
句意：事实上，他们只会让我更加坚定地去做医学!
考查介词。in fact为固定搭配，意为“事实上”，句首首字母要大写，故填In。
句意：当我完成后，我知道我要做什么：我想为红十字会这样的国际组织工作。
考查疑问词。根据句意指“我知道我要做什么”，所以用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
happen
mre
als
natural
shws
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了大笑的好处。
句意：当你笑的时候，你的身体会发生变化。根据“changes”和备选词汇可知，发生变化，主语是复数，动词用原形；故填happen。
句意：例如，你比平时吸入更多的空气，这对你的心脏有好处。根据“than”和备选词汇可知，需要更多的空气，much的比较级是mre；故填mre。
句意：笑也可以减轻疼痛。根据“reduce pain”和备选词汇可知，此处谈论大笑的其他好处，als“也”符合句意；故填als。
句意：当你受伤的时候，你可能不想笑，但是笑可以帮助身体制造自己的天然药物。根据“medicine”和备选词汇可知，需要一个形容词，应该是制造天然的药物，nature的形容词是natural；故填natural。
句意：研究表明，笑100次和骑15分钟自行车一样有效。根据“laughing 100 times is as gd as riding a bike fr 15 minutes”和备选词汇可知，是研究结果，shw“展示”，句子时态是一般现在时态，主语是单数，动词用三单形式，shws符合句意；故填shws。
wisely
Withut
means
helpful
teeth
【解析】
【分析】
本文针对节约用水给出建议。
句意：我们需要水来生存，如果我们不明智地使用水，我们会用尽！分析“We need water t stay alive and if we dn’t use water”和备选词可知，wise“明智的”符合语境，在句中修饰动词，使用副词形式，故填wisely。
句意：没有水，我们都会死。分析“…water, we wuld all die.”和备选词可知，没有水会死，选择withut，句首需大写首字母，故填Withut。
句意：使用更少的水意味着节约金钱和能源。根据“Using less water…saving mney and saving energy.”和备选词可知，mean“意味着”符合语境，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是动名词短语Using less water，动词用三单，故填means。
句意：以下是一些有用的建议。根据“Here are sme…tips”和备选词可知，helpful“有帮助的”符合语境，作定语修饰tips，故填helpful。
句意：洗手或刷牙时关掉水龙头。根据“brush yur…”和备选词可知，tth“牙齿”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数，故填teeth。
first
fr
because
happier
says/said
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：音乐帮助我们锻炼——但它为什么会有这种效果呢?本文给出了我们原因：一是音乐分散了我们的注意力；二是音乐也让我们想要运动。
句意：第一个原因很简单:音乐分散了我们的注意力。
根据上文Experts say there are tw main reasns. 专家称主要有两个原因。结合The 1 is simple: music takes ur attentin away.及备选词汇，可知此处说的是第一个原因；ne是基数词，表示数目，这里表示的是顺序，应用其序数词，故答案为first。
句意：例如，在我们锻炼了20分钟后，我们的身体可能会很累。
根据Fr example, After we exercise 2 20 minutes, ur bdy might be tired.结合备选词汇，可知是锻炼了20分钟后，我们的身体可能会很累。fr后接一段时间，故答案为fr。
句意：但我们可能不会立刻感觉到，因为我们在听音乐。
根据But we may nt feel this immediately 3 we are listening t music.可知前后句之间是因果关系，结合备选词汇，可知because符合题意，故答案为because。
句意：一首积极的歌也能让我们心情好，所以我们感觉更快乐。
根据A psitive sng als puts us in a gd md, s we feel much 4 .结合备选词汇，可知是积极的歌也能让我们心情好，所以我们感觉更快乐。happy高兴的、快乐的，形容词，由语境可知，这里暗含比较级，所以应用其比较级形式happier，much修饰形容词的比较级，故答案为happier。
句意：“但是音乐不能太快，”著名的体育专家科斯塔斯博士说。
根据"But the music shuldn't be t fast, " 5 Dr. Cstas, a famus sprts expert. 结合备选词汇，可知这是著名的体育专家科斯塔斯博士说的话，所以这里应用say来填空，联系上下文语境可知，这里的时态用一般现在时和一般过去时均可，主语为第三人称单数，所以动词也要用第三人称单数形式says，say的过去式为said；故答案为says/said。