高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future练习

Unit2LOOKINGINTOTHEFUTURE

SectionD　UsingLanguage(Ⅱ)&AssessingYourProgress

课后篇巩固提升

基础夯实

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.Many experts　　　　　(提倡) reducing the amount of children’s homework. 

答案advocate

2.As they are short of money,a week by the sea is a　　　　　 (奢华) they can no longer afford. 

答案luxury

3.What does the underlined word “them” in the second p　　　　　 refer to? 

答案paragraph

4.We asked Jason to write an e　　　　　 about his hometown and about his place in it. 

答案essay

5.When he heard the knock,he c　　　　　 writing. 

答案ceased

6.We provide all types of information,with an　　　　　 (强调) on legal advice. 

答案emphasis

Ⅱ.短语填空

cut down,all in all,rather than,keep in touch with,apologise for

1.On the Internet,we can listen to music and　　　　　 our families and friends. 

答案keep in touch with

2.To　　　　　 leaving so early last night,I brought you a little gift. 

答案apologise for

3.If we fail to sell enough goods,compared with last year,we will have to　　　　　production. 

答案cut down

4.I would prefer to stay home and watch TV　　　　　 go out on such a rainy day. 

答案rather than

5.　　　　　,it has been a great success. 

答案All in all

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.科技的迅速发展使得我们可以做过去不能做的事情。

The rapid development of science and technology 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for us to do what we couldn’t do in the past. 

答案makes it possible

2.即使你认为这些规则不公正,但也必须遵守。

You must keep to the rules 　　　　　　　　　　you think they’re unfair. 

答案even if/though

3.他们总是告诉我该做什么以及怎么做。

They always told me what to do and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　it. 

答案how to do

4.因为没有理想的食物,这些动物只好以植物为食。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　ideal food,the animals had to feed on plants. 

答案In the absence of

5.你可以想象到,我们在那次聚会上都玩得很开心。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we all enjoyed the party. 

答案As you can imagine

素养提升

Ⅳ.阅读理解

主题语境:人与社会　科学与技术

Researchers at the University of Chicago have trained an artificial intelligence system to write fake(虚假的)reviews on Yelp,a website showing customers reviews on shopping or something else,and it’s pretty hard to tell them apart from a human review.

Their study,which will be presented at the ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security in October,aimed to stress how easily these systems can write reviews like humans and how damaging they can become if they’re not monitored properly.

Since many small businesses rely on online reviews to help grow and keep their reputation,a future where someone—like a rival or angry customer—could crazily fill their page with negative reviews written by a machine is pretty worrying.

And,according to the research team,the threat goes far beyond a bunch of fake reviews on Yelp.“In general the threat is bigger,” Ben Y.Zhao,one of the authors of the study,said.“I think the threat towards society is large and it really misleads users and shakes our belief in what is real and what is not.I think that’s going to be even unimaginable.”

To test how believable these reviews came across,the researchers invited 40 volunteers and had AI generate five fake reviews for 40 actual restaurants.The volunteers were asked how useful they thought the reviews were and whether or not they thought they were fake.The AI reviews ranked as “effectively indistinguishable” from real reviews,according to the study.Further,the fake reviews were given a 3.15 “usefulness” rating,compared to a 3.28 rating for human reviews.

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。芝加哥大学的研究人员已经培训出了一种人工智能(AI)系统,在Yelp网站上编写虚假评论,足以乱真。其目的是强调这些系统可以很容易地写出像人类写的一样的评论,如果它们没有被恰当地运用,它们会变得具有破坏性,而威胁远远不止如此。

1.Whatcanthenewartificialintelligencesystemdoaccordingtothepassage?

A.Itcanhelptrainnewreviewers.

B.Itcantelltherealreviewsfromthefakeones.

C.Itcanwritehuman-likereviews.

D.Itcaneasilydamagethebusinesses.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知,芝加哥大学的研究人员培训了一种人工智能系统,让它在Yelp网站上撰写虚假评论,很难把它们与人类的评论区分开。由此可知,这种新的人工智能系统可以撰写出像人类写的一样的评论。

2.What does the underlined word “rival” mean in the passage?

A.A person who respects you deeply.

B.A person who competes with you.

C.A person who loves to give fake reviews.

D.A person who can control you from a distance.

答案B

解析词义猜测题。根据文章第三段可知,由于许多小企业依赖在线评论来帮助成长和保持声誉,未来有人可能会疯狂地用机器写的负面评论填满它们的页面,这是相当令人担忧的。由此可知画线单词所在部分likearivalorangrycustomer是someone的同位语,对其进行解释说明。根据上下文语境以及生活常识可以判断出,企业面对的是顾客和竞争对手两类人。因此rival可以理解为竞争对手。

3.What can we infer from Ben Y.Zhao’s remarks?

A.Artificial intelligence can put the society in danger.

B.The artificial intelligence is only used by the researchers.

C.Ben Y.Zhao is optimistic about the further development of artificial intelligence.

D.The artificial intelligence will help people shake.

答案A

解析推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“‘Ingeneralthethreatisbigger,’”BenY.Zhao,oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,said.‘Ithinkthethreattowardssocietyislargeanditreallymisleadsusersandshakesourbeliefinwhatisrealandwhatisnot.Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeevenunimaginable.’”可知,他认为AI智能能够误导用户明辨是非的能力,会对社会带来不可想象的威胁。

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A.Suggestions on Giving Reviews

B.How to Tell the Fake Reviews

C.Development of AI in Review on Yelp

D.AI is Coming to Steal Your Reviews

答案D

解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,芝加哥大学的研究人员已经培训出了一种人工智能(AI)系统,在Yelp网站上编写虚假评论,足以乱真,其目的是强调这种系统可以很容易地写出像人类写的一样的评论,如果它们没有被恰当地运用,它们会变得具有破坏性,而威胁远远不止如此。D选项“AIisComingtoStealYourReviews.”体现了这一中心思想。

Ⅴ.应用文写作

假定你是李华,你的美国笔友汤姆得知你校上月举办了首届校园科技节活动,发邮件向你询问相关情况,请你回复邮件。内容包括:

1.活动的目的;

2.活动的形式:如智能校园创客(maker)大赛、科创成果展等;

3.你的感受。

注意:1.词数 80 左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear Tom,

I am excited to tell you that the first Science and Technology Festival was held in our school last month,

Yours,

Li Hua

参考范文

Dear Tom, 

I am excited to tell you that the first Science and Technology Festival was held in our school last month,which aimed at enriching us students’ school life and promoting the students’ awareness of innovation. 

There were varieties of activities in the festival,which included Makers on Campus,where participants could show their designs and products,and an exhibition of the students’ original inventions,designs and literary works.With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students,the activity turned out a great success.

I do hope more activities will be held to provide us with chances to practice our critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.

Yours,

Li Hua 

Ⅵ.读后续写

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给的段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

LifeBackonEarth

It is 7 am in the morning and the alarm reminds me once again to prepare for the school.It is a beautiful day with clear sky and lots of bright sunshine.But I don’t have time to soak into this because my school vehicle will come sharp at 8 and in case I miss,my parent will give me a beating.So better run.

My school bus just took off and drove past the residential towers.It takes only 5 minutes to reach the school where each of us will have designated routines to follow and any deviation will be caught on CCTV and reported back to my parents online on their desk.After all,it is the year 2300.

Oh yes!We are the 4th generation people living on Europa in a habitable space which has been created specifically for us by man in the 22nd century.The earth became dangerous for living due to increasing pollution which our forefathers created and hence mankind had to look for other places for a living.All over the world,a handful of people were selected and my great grandparents traveled all the way to this place to continue a life.

It is 12 pm and lunchtime.Today we were served some delicious cream and chocolates.These are made on planet Mars these days and brought here directly.I am feeling a little sleepy but my robotic teacher won’t give me a break and also our results will be out today.I am feeling a little tensed.

Oh my God!I have come first in my class,feeling over the moon(Or,over the Europa).And,you won’t believe me-I have got a chance to visit the earth along with others on a day trip.I am so excited about the trip and my parents are equally so.I am carrying my latest camera to catch every moment of the journey.

Finally we are on the earth after the 4 hours’ journey and we are in our organo-synthetic suit to protect against the harmful environment where once mankind took their first breath.

注意:

1.续写词数应为150左右;

2.请按如下格式作答。

There are still some colonies of humans spreading across the globe mostly in the triangular land mass (historians say it Africa)and I am very eager to see them closely. 

It is getting darker and we had to go back. 

参考范文

Therearestillsomecoloniesofhumansspreadingacrosstheglobemostlyinthetriangularlandmass (historianssayitAfrica)andIamveryeagertoseethemclosely.Upon arrival,we found ourselves deep in hazy atmosphere,which,as my robot guide tells me,is the result of air pollution.We were almost out of breath,so we had to look for some places where we could breathe.How could mankind survive here? I wondered.Luckily,we escaped and landed near a school,where some crazy kids are running around a ball on an open ground,shouting “Goal,Goal,Goal” all the time.My robot guide told me that it was called “football”.The most popular game on the earth? I thought of my game of“Alien Invasion” which is more exciting.Then we continued our trip...

Itisgettingdarkerandwehadtogoback.While back,I still thought about the air pollution,the dirty water,the bare land on the earth.I can’t understand why mankind didn’t care about their home.Though I carried my camara,I took few pictures.The journey to the earth made me sad for those who live in that place.