专题15 任务型阅读02020-2021学年八年级英语下学期期末专项复习（人教新目标）(28689378)

这是一份专题15 任务型阅读02020-2021学年八年级英语下学期期末专项复习（人教新目标）(28689378)，共10页。试卷主要包含了任务型阅读题型介绍，任务型阅读题型做题技巧，回答问题02，多任务混合问题，信息匹配等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题15 任务型阅读（含答案解析）  第一部分 题型解题技巧 一、任务型阅读题型介绍任务型阅读是近几年在各地中考阅读试题中比较常见的题型。要求考生在阅读文章后能够对文章细节精准把握的一种读写结合能力检测的题型。二、任务型阅读题型做题技巧 还原句子类这种题型要求根据句意结构和上下文提示，选择合适的句子填空，使句意通顺，文意连贯。主要考查句意结构和单词形式，包括各种单词形式、动词的时态语态、非谓语动词等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握文意和语境，在正确理解的基础上选出正确的句子。五选五是常见的呈现形式，要求考生把句子还原到语篇中，考查的是学生的文本语篇分析能力，从而使上下文在语义，语法，结构上完整。技巧及注意事项如下：1.判断挖空所处的位置：一般来讲位于句首通常是概括文章的总结性话语；文章中部通常是转折或者并列关系；文章末尾通常是总结段落或全文。2.根据连接词判断语境：连接词诸如but意味着上下文的语义关系出现转折，遇到此类情况就要弄得上下文说的是什么。而and等并列词语一般是描述前后两个或多个相似的事情。3.根据作者语气口吻推断：该类文章一般情况下主旨明确，有作者自己的态度倾向，所以做题时要看出作者持哪一方态度，不能选择有悖于作者思想的句子。回答问题类（1）快速通读课文，掌握文章大意。浏览完题目后，带着问题快速通读全文，对文章的大意有一个初步的了解，同时找到文章中的关键句，并确定第二遍细读的重点部分，对于不影响理解和做题的部分可以一带而过，更不必在个别词上花时间。（2）提取有效信息，根据题目要求进行改写。在速度短文后，再回头看题后的问题。这时，能一锤定音的答案就先写好，不能马上确定的答案，根据第一遍速读时的印象到原文中找相关的信息，再进行推敲。尽管有相当的一部分题在原文中能找到答案，不需要推敲，但是大多数还是需要大家进行改写和重组的。（3）仔细推敲，认真复查做完题目后，要立足整体，将完成后的句子再通读一遍，看看所改写的句子是否流畅，语句是否通顺。同时还要照顾原文，看看答案是否与原文意义相符，时态一致。确保答案正确，大小写无误，语法正确，逻辑合理。完成句子或表格类阅读短文填空，即根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断，提炼语言填空。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。综合任务类任务型阅读通常有回答问题型，判断正误型，阅读填空型，英汉互译型等题型，不仅考查学生阅读理解层面 能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。阅读短文回答问题，即根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断，组织语言回答问题。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。判断正误类“正误判断型阅读理解题”解题思路：（1）阅读原文，捕捉信息。理解大意。先通读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章大意，理清全文脉络。（2）审读题目，找出相关的依据。读懂短文内容再读题目，把握每一个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出每一个问题相关的段落与词句，然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。（3）重读短文，逐题复核，检查无误。完成正误判断后必须将短文重复一遍，以加深对短文的理解，在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查，对一些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真识别。  第二部分 任务型阅读专项训练   一、信息归纳 Music is very important in our lives. You may find music playing at many places. Most stores, stations, restaurants and other places play music. Scientists believe that music influences(影响) the way people do things. They think that western classical music makes people feel richer and are different from others. When a restaurant plays classical music, people spend more money on food and drinks. When the restaurant plays modern music, people spend less money. Without music, people spend even less.Scientists also believe that loud, fast music makes people eat faster. Some restaurants play fast music during their busy hours. This makes people eat faster and leave quickly. Restaurants can make more money in this way.Some scientists think that music makes you think and learn better. They say that music helps students to be more active. It’s true that people learn better when they are relaxed. The old prefer soft music, and it can make them relax and sleep well. The next time you hear music somewhere, be careful. It may influence the way you do things.1．People in a restaurant _____ spend less money.2．Fast music in a restaurant makes people _____.3．Music can help _____ to be more active.4．The old like _____ because it can make them relax and sleep well.5．This passage mainly tells us that music _____.  二、回答问题01It was a hot August day. Joey and his sister Jenny played soccer. Ruben and Rebecca joined them. Joey kicked the ball to Ruben. It rolled into the busy street, and Ruben started to chase it. Just then a car passed by. The car hit the ball and popped(爆裂) it. “There are more cars on our street all the time!” said Ruben.A few nights later, Joey and Jenny talked to their parents. “We’ve been doing our research,” said Jenny. “We think there should be stop signs at the corner, because that will slow traffic and make it safer to cross our street,” “Stop signs are a great idea,” said mom. “You’ve been counting cars before and after school?” “Yes,” said Joey. “Also, Ruben has a camera. He’s been taking pictures of people trying to cross.” “Good work!” said dad. “The next step is a petition (请愿书).”Dad and mom showed Jenny and Joey how to write a petition. The petition stated (陈述) the reasons for adding stop signs. People could sign the petition if they agreed. “You need signatures (签名) from more than half of the people in the neighborhood,” said dad. Over the next week, Joey, Jenny, Ruben and Rebecca talked to people in the neighborhood. Many people signed their petition.Next week, the kids brought the petition, photos and traffic counting to the city council (议会) meeting. When their names were called, Joey, Jenny, Ruben and Rebecca stood at the microphone. When they finished, neighbors took turns speaking. Everyone said stop signs were needed. The city council president said they would discuss this and vote in two weeks.Two weeks later there was a result of the voting. The city council voted YES! The kids were happy because they tried their best to make a difference.6．Where did the accident happen?______________________________________________________7．Why did the kids think there should be stop signs on the corner?______________________________________________________8．What did the kids bring to attend the council meeting?______________________________________________________9．What was the result of the voting?______________________________________________________10．What do you think of the kids?______________________________________________________  三、回答问题02  Where did you go yesterday? Did you hear music at any of those places? Today most stores and restaurants play music. You might even hear music in an office or on a farm. Scientists believe that music changes the way people behave（行为）. According to some scientists, the sound of western classical（古典的）music makes people feel richer. When a restaurant plays classical music, people spend more money on food and drinks. When the restaurant plays modem music, people spend less money. Without background music, people spend even less. Scientists also believe that loud, fast music makes people eat faster. In fact, people chew（咀嚼）their food faster when the music gets faster. Some restaurants play fast music during busy hours. This gets people to eat faster and leave more quickly. In this way, restaurants can make more money. Some scientists think that music makes students think and learn better. They say that music helps students to be more active. It is true that students learn better when they are relaxed and listening to music can help them relax. The next time you hear music somewhere, be careful. It might change the way you behave.11．Do scientists believe that music changes the way people behave?_____________________________________________________12．How do people feel when they listen to the classical music?_____________________________________________________13．Why do some restaurants play fast music during busy hours?_____________________________________________________14．What kind of music do you like best? Why?_____________________________________________________  四、多任务混合问题 Here is a true story about a young man in a small town. He once liked drinking lots of wine out and often got home drunk. His wife was very angry, but could not do anything to stop him from drinking.The young man had a 5-year-old daughter, who was lovely and very clever. He loved her very much. One evening, he got home drunk as usual. Seeing this, his daughter said to him, “Do you really love me, dad?” He answered, “Yes, of course.” After a little while, she asked him, “Do you listen to me, dad? ” He replied to his daughter, “Yes, of course.” She asked again, “Can you give me a promise, dad? ” He answered her with the same three words for the third time and then added, “What is it? ” The daughter said, “Please promise me that you will never drink, dad.” Hearing this, he promised her that he would not drink any more from then on.The next afternoon, the young man planned to go out to drink. Before leaving home, he said to himself, “If my daughter asks me why I have drunk again, what shall I say to her? ” He didn’t go out to drink that afternoon. From then on, whenever he wanted to drink, he would remember the promise he had given to his daughter. As a result, he never drank again and his bad habit—drinking was prevented(阻止).15．Where did the story happen? (根据短文内容回答问题)________________________16．What did the young man promise his daughter? (根据短文内容回答问题) ________________________17．How old was the young man’s daughter? (根据短文内容回答问题)________________________18．从短文中找出与下面句子画线部分意思最接近的单词。As a result, he never drank again and his bad habit—drinking was prevented.________________________19．In the passage, the underlined word “her” refers to _______.  五、信息匹配 Here are some interesting books. Do you want to find out further information about them?20．Collier is an illustrator (插图画家). This new picture book is a biography (自传) of Collier’s longtime hero Ernie. Ernie’s paintings encouraged many people, including Collier. Barnes was an artist and a football player. “The point of this book is that you can have more than one dream,” Collier said. “Whatever dream you have in your life, run after it.”21．The world is full of amazing landmarks. Some are tall, some are long and some are thousands of years old. In this book, you can know it took two thousand years to build the Great Wall of China. The wall was once 13,000 miles long. Eiffel Tower in Paris was built in two years, two months, and five days.22．Iqbal lives in Bangladesh. His mother cooks indoors over an open fire. The smoke makes his mom and sister sick and also pollutes the air. To help, Iqbal turns a broken umbrella into a solar (太阳的) cooker. It gets heat from the sun to cook food without smoke. The book is fiction, but it’s based on a real problem.23．A little more than 1800 pandas live in the wild. But scientists in China are working to increase that number. They will put captive-born (人工繁殖) pandas into the wild. In a new book, Qian Qian is a young captive-born panda and is sent to the wild. So Qian Qian must learn how to live in the wild.24．Mo Willems doesn’t get the ideas for his stories. Instead, he grows them. Willems is a writer and illustrator. He has created more than 50 picture books for kids. Most of his characters are animals, like Elephant and Pig. Each character starts out as a little idea and then it grows into something bigger.A．Running After DreamsB．Clearing the AirC．Protecting PandasD．Get to Know HimE.The Secret GardenF.The Amazing Landmarks 参考答案 1．without music2．eat faster and leave quickly3．students4．soft music5．may influence the way people do things短文大意文章介绍了音乐在我们生活中的重要性以及各种音乐对人的行为产生的不同影响。解析1．根据“When the restaurant plays modern music, people spend less money. Without music, people spend even less.”可知人们在没有音乐的餐馆花钱更少。故填without music。2．根据“Some restaurants play fast music during their busy hours. This makes people eat faster and leave quickly.”可知餐馆中的快节奏音乐能使人吃得更快并快速离开。故填eat faster and leave quickly。3．根据“They say that music helps students to be more active.”可知音乐能使学生们变得更活跃。故填students。4．根据“The old prefer soft music, and it can make them relax and sleep well.”可知老年人喜欢轻音乐。故填soft music。5．根据“The next time you hear music somewhere, be careful. It may influence the way you do things.”可知文章主要讲音乐可能会影响人们做事的方式。故填may influence the way people do things。 6．It happened in the street./ In the busy street./ On the street.7．Because the stop signs will slow the traffic and make it safer to cross the street.8．The petition, photos and traffic counting.9．YES./ Yes.10．They tried their best to make a difference./ They are responsible/helpful/wonderful.短文大意本文讲述了孩子们为了减慢车辆速度，让人们过马路更安全，想要在拐角处有个停车标志。他们将请愿书、照片和交通统计带到市议会会议上，最后市议会投票赞成。解析6．根据“It rolled into the busy street, and Ruben started to chase it. Just then a car passed by. The car hit the ball and popped(爆裂) it.,”可知，事故发生在大街上，故填It happened in the street./ In the busy street./ On the street.7．根据“We think there should be stop signs at the corner, because that will slow traffic and make it safer to cross our street,”可知，孩子们认为应该在拐角处有停车标志，因为这样可以减慢车辆速度，过马路更安全，故填Because the stop signs will slow the traffic and make it safer to cross the street.8．根据“Next week, the kids brought the petition, photos and traffic counting to the city council (议会) meeting.”可知，孩子们将请愿书、照片和交通统计带到市议会会议上。故填The petition, photos and traffic counting.9．根据“The city council voted YES!”可知，市议会投票的结果是赞成，故填YES./ Yes.10．根据“The kids were happy because they tried their best to make a difference.”可知，孩子们认为他们尽了最大的努力去改变，他们是有责任心的，有帮助的，非常棒的。故填They tried their best to make a difference./ They are responsible/helpful/wonderful. 11．Yes./Yes, they do.12．Richer./They feel richer.13．Because fast music gets people to eat faster and leave more quickly. In this way, restaurants can make more money./To get people to eat faster and leave more quickly.14．言之有理即可。
短文大意本文主要讲述了音乐对人们行为的影响。根据科学家的研究，音乐可以影响人们在餐馆的消费水平，也会影响学生的学习。解析11．根据“Scientists believe that music changes the way people behave”可知科学家认为音乐改变了人们的行为方式，故此处用肯定回答。故填Yes./Yes, they do.12．根据“the sound of western classical（古典的）music makes people feel richer”可知西方古典乐的声音让人们感觉更富有。故填Richer./They feel richer.13．根据“This gets people to eat faster and leave more quickly. In this way, restaurants can make more money”可知在就餐高峰期放快节奏的音乐，这会让人们吃得更快，离开也快，这样餐馆就能接待更多的客人，赚更多的钱。故填Because fast music gets people to eat faster and leave more quickly. In this way, restaurants can make more money./To get people to eat faster and leave more quickly.14．开放性题目。只要说出自己喜欢的音乐类型，再阐明原因即可。例：I like classical music best, because it can make me relaxed. 15．In a small town.16．He promised her that he would not drink any more from then on.17．Five/Five years old/She was five years old.18．stop19．his daughter短文大意文章主要讲述了有个年轻人喜欢在外面喝酒，每天都是醉醺醺地回家。他心爱的女儿要他承诺不再喝酒，他答应了。后来每当他想喝酒时，就想起了自己对女儿的承诺，便不再喝了。这个故事告诉我们：爱一个人就要用实际行动来兑现自己的承诺。解析15．根据“Here is a true story about a young man in a small town.”可知，这里故事发生在一个小镇，故填In a small town。16．根据“The daughter said, “Please promise me that you will never drink, dad.” Hearing this, he promised her that he would not drink any more from then on.”可知，男子答应他的女儿不再喝酒，故填He promised her that he would not drink any more from then on.17．根据“The young man had a 5-year-old daughter, who was lovely and very clever.”可知，他的女儿五岁，故填Five/Five years old/She was five years old.18．根据“His wife was very angry, but could not do anything to stop him from drinking.”可知，他的妻子无法阻止他喝酒。句中的stop与题干中的“prevented”意思相近，故填stop。19．根据“The young man had a 5-year-old daughter, who was lovely and very clever. He loved her very much.”可知，男子有一个五岁的女儿，他非常爱他的女儿，所以此处的是her指代的是“他的女儿”，故填his daughter。 20-24．AFBCE短文大意文中介绍了几本有趣的书籍的相关信息。解析20．根据“Whatever dream you have in your life, run after it.”可知这本书是关于追梦的，A项“Running After Dreams”符合书籍主题。故选A。21．根据“The world is full of amazing landmarks.”可知主要介绍世界上令人惊叹的标志性建筑物，F项“The Amazing Landmarks”符合书籍主题。故选F。22．根据“It gets heat from the sun to cook food without smoke.”可知用太阳能烹饪没有烟气，这是在净化空气，B项“Clearing the Air”符合书籍主题。故选B。23．根据“In a new book, Qian Qian is a young captive-born panda and is sent to the wild.”可知主要介绍大熊猫相关内容，C项“Protecting Pandas”符合书籍主题。故选C。24．根据“He has created more than 50 picture books for kids.”可知主要介绍了图画书，E项“The Secret Garden”属于图画书，符合书籍主题。故选E。