卷07 阅读理解-【小题专题卷】冲刺2022年高考英语小题限时集训

小题专题卷——夯基础，练题感

【小题小卷】冲刺2022年高考英语小题限时集训（解析版）

专题07 阅读理解

难度：★★★★☆            建议用时： 30分钟              正确率 ：      /40

第一组 （2021·新高考I卷·A篇）

Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel （旅社）. The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around＄25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location（位置）with security and comfort.

Yellow Hostel

If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.

Hostel Alessandro Palace

If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.

Youth Station Hostel

If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.

Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes

Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.

1.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?

A.Comfort.     B.Security.     C.Price.    D.Location.

2.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?

A.Yellow Hostel.       B.Hostel Alessandro Palace.

C.Youth Station Hostel.  D.Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.

3.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?

A.It gets noisy at night.    B.Its staff is too talkative.

C.It charges for Wi-Fi.     D.Its inconveniently located.

【答案】CBC

【解析】本文为应用文，主要介绍罗马四个旅行社的特色。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句"Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why…"可知，在罗马旅游可能会很昂贵，因此人们会比较关注价格因素。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据题干"an active social life"定位到第三段第一句"If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome."可知，Hostel Alessandro Palace最适合社交。故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据题干定位到第五段，由第五段最后一句 "However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi." 可知，HHDA旅馆的Wi-Fi是收费的。故选C。

第二组 （2021·新高考2卷·B篇）

I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.

I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.

As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.

Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.

When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.

I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.

4. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home?

A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences.

C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids.

5. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3?

A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom.

6. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?

A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky.

7. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo?

A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain.

C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other.

【答案】4. A    5. A    6. B    7. B

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home. (在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd ”（随着它们的活动越来越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它们会）以及后文“We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.”（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired.(由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累)”可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。故选B。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go.(当Spot和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spot 和Stripe送回动物园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B。

第三组 （2021·浙江卷·B篇）

We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parks less than 10 minutes' walk from home where neighbourhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.

In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son's ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself "marketing director for Nature". He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.

"Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference, " David Bond says. "There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life." His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: "We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while."

Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play.

8.What is the problem with the author's children?

A.They often annoy the neighbours.

B.They are tired of doing their homework.

C.They have no friends to play with.

D.They stay in front of sereens for too long.

9.How did David Bond advocate his idea?

A.By making a documentary film.

B.By organizing outdoor activities.

C.By advertising in London media.

D.By creating a network of friends.

10.Which of the following can replace the underlined word "charts" in paragraph 2?

A.records     B.predicts    C.delays     D.confirms

11.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Let Children Have Fun

B.Young Children Need More Free Time

C.Market Nature to Children

D.David Bond: A Role Model for Children

【答案】DAAC

【解析】本文作者以自己的孩子为例存在着长时间盯着电子屏幕的问题，从而引出了电影导演 David Bond怎样激励自己的孩子们养成户外活动、锻炼身体的习惯的做法。

8.细节理解题。根据第一段第三句 "However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours." 可知，作者的孩子们放学之后只想看电子屏幕，并盯着看好几个小时，故选D。

9.细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.“可知，作者记录了自己的旅程，并制作成电影，故选A。

10.词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句话句意”结果是 Project Wild Thing，一部描绘了 Wild Network 诞生的电影，Wild Network 是一组以让孩子们融入大自然为共同目标的组织。“可知，本句主要阐述作者拍摄的纪录片Project Wild Thing记录下了组织Wild Network的诞生，因此record（记录、记载）与所猜词汇最为接近，故选A。

11.主旨大意题。文章首段阐述现状，即孩子们花太多时间在电子屏幕上，紧接着提到了作者为呼吁孩子们走进大自然拍摄了纪录片，希望孩子们能多花些时间在户外运动上。因此本篇文章主要内容为：向孩子们 "推销" 自然，故选C。

第三组 （2021·全国卷甲卷·D篇）

Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.

Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?

In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.

A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.

Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”

12. What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?

A. They're unfair. B. They're conservative.

C. They're objective. D. They're strict.

13. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?

A They think themselves smart.

B. They look up to great thinkers.

C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.

D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs

14. Why are more geniuses known to the public?

A. Improved global communication.

B. Less discrimination against women.

C. Acceptance of victors' concepts.

D. Changes in people's social positions.

15. What is the best title for the text?

A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms

C. Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck

【答案】12. A    13. D    14. A    15. B

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.( 据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.”(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.( 在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are able to change the world.”(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。

能力提升篇 第五组（新闻报道）

Nearly two years after the COVID-19 outbreak, China has granted approval to its first antibody combination therapy (治疗) for COVID-19 treatment, adding a tool to the world’s fight against the disease.

A team from Tsinghua University, along with the Shenzhen People’s Hospital, has accomplished the task in 20 months. It would usually take 10 years. “It can reduce the rate of hospitalization (住院治疗) and death by 80 percent,” said Zhang Linqi, leader of the research team.

The new antibody drug is immediately effective after being used. Moreover, the therapy can protect people, especially those whose physical condition doesn’t allow vaccination (接种疫苗), from becoming infected by COVID-19 for around 9 to 12 months, said Zhang.

How does it work? When a virus infects a cell, it relies on an important type of protein: the spike proteins (刺突蛋白) on its surface. The spike proteins serve as a key to unlocking a cell. If a virus cannot enter a cell, it will disappear immediately. The job of our antibodies is to block the virus from entering cells. So its target is very precise. In addition, thanks to the coordination between the two antibodies, it is highly efficient in preventing the virus, according to Zhang. The qualities of the new drug make it especially useful for high-risk groups, such as frontline medical workers and people not suitable for vaccination due to various underlying health problems.

The new drug is expected to come to the market soon, but it’s not cheap. That’s because of limited production. Noting that China has used science and technology to fight COVID-19 since the beginning of the outbreak, Zhang said, “Science is the key to solving the issue. Science has shown its power in all sectors, from medical treatment, medicine and vaccine development to prevention and control measures.”

1. What can we know about the new drug according to paragraph 1 and paragraph 2?

A. It’s the only way to treat COVID-19.

B. It dramatically improves the survival rate of patients.

C. It takes researchers 10 years to develop the new drug.

D. It was developed by the team from one of China’s top universities.

2. Which statement does the author probably agree with?

A. Only medical workers can take this drug.

B. Antibodies stop spike proteins entering a cell.

C. The new medicine takes effect after a period of use.

D The new drug can protect people from infection for life.

3. Who are best suited for the drug according to the passage?

A. Doctors and nurses. B. The elderly and children.

C. People without vaccination. D. Patients and their family members.

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. The drug will be readily available.

B. The new drug has been put into use.

C. Zhang had a high regard for the power of science.

D. China is the first country to use technology to fight disease.

【答案】1. B    2. B    3. A    4. C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了清华大学和深圳人民医院的一个团队在20个月内研制了新的抗体药物，可以将住院率和死亡率降低80%。

【32题详解】

细节理解题。通读第一和第二段，尤其是根据第二段中的“It can reduce the rate of hospitalization (住院治疗) and death by 80 percent (它可以将住院率和死亡率降低80%，研究小组组长张林奇说)”可知，该药物可以极大降低病人的死亡率。因此，根据第一段和第二段，我们对新药了解到的是B项“It dramatically improves the survival rate of patients.(它极大地提高了患者的存活率)”符合题意，故选B项。

【33题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“When a virus infects a cell, it relies on an important type of protein: the spike proteins (刺突蛋白) on its surface.The spike proteins serve as a key to unlocking a cell. If a virus cannot enter a cell, it will disappear immediately. The job of our antibodies is to block the virus from entering cells. (当病毒感染细胞时，它依赖于一种重要的蛋白质：其表面的刺突蛋白。刺突蛋白是解锁细胞的钥匙。如果病毒不能进入细胞，它会立即消失。我们的抗体的作用是阻止病毒进入细胞)”可知，我们的抗体的作用是阻止病毒进入细胞，而病毒进入细胞主要依靠其表面的刺突蛋白。因此，作者可能同意的说法是B项“Antibodies stop spike proteins entering a cell.(抗体阻止刺突蛋白进入细胞)”符合题意，故选B项。

【34题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“The qualities of the new drug make it especially useful for high-risk groups, such as frontline medical workers and people not suitable for vaccination due to various underlying health problems. (这种新药的质量使其特别适用于高危人群，如前线医务人员和由于各种潜在健康问题而不适合接种疫苗的人)”可知，这种新药适用于高危人群，如前线医务人员等。因此，根据文章，最适合服用这种药物的是A项“Doctors and nurses.(医生和护士)”符合题意，故选A项。

【35题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Science is the key to solving the issue. Science has shown its power in all sectors (科学是解决这个问题的关键。科学在各个领域都显示了它的力量)”可知，张认为，科学是解决疫情的关键，高度重视科学的力量。因此，从最后一段可以推断出的是C项“Zhang had a high regard for the power of science.(张高度重视科学的力量)”符合题意，故选C项。