卷08 七选五阅读-【小题仿真卷】冲刺2022年高考英语小题限时集训

小题仿真卷——模实战，提速度

【小题小卷】冲刺2022年高考英语小题限时集训（解析版）

专题08 七选五阅读

难度：★★★★☆            建议用时： 30分钟              正确率 ：      /30

           第一组

Open an app at your smart phone and scan the code bar on the garbage can. When you throw garbage into the garbage can, it will show the weight of the garbage and the points you can get from doing so. 1． It will become more popular in the future. Yes, we are talking about the smart garbage can.

2． The environmental problems have become constant headaches in the development of those cities. Encouraging garbage classification has become an effective way.

In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use. In Beijing, for example, a smart garbage can is equipped with an LED screen, which not only shows national policies on garbage classification but also shows the correct steps for garbage sorting. It can also calculate the weight of the garbage and the accumulated points one can get. They can be traded for some articles of daily use. 3． Its body is actually a screen. It is equipped with some Internal sensors. When people throw garbage into it, the internal sensors can automatically tell the types of the garbage. Meanwhile, people can see how to deal with them. 4．

Garbage disposal is a small issue that involves everybody each day. However, it is also a big issue.5． With smart garbage cans in our daily life, the idea of garbage sorting will become more established. Our dream of building a greener and more beautiful China will come true so long as we start to make small changes right now.

A．Garbage sorting has been a new fashion.

B．Another kind of garbage can is even smarter.

C．It is no wonder that residents cheered for their presence.

D．Such a way of handling garbage has appeared in some cities.

E.It will affect China’s transformation towards green development.

F.Over 200 million tons of garbage is produced each year in some cities.

G.The good habit of garbage classification can improve the living environment.

【答案】

1．D    2．F    3．B     4．C     5．E

【分析】

这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍了智能垃圾桶在城市的试用，并有望得到推广，有助于中国的绿色发展转型。

1．根据上文“Open an app at your smart phone and scan the code bar on the garbage can. When you throw garbage into the garbage can, it will show the weight of the garbage and the points you can get from doing so.（在智能手机上打开一个应用程序，扫描垃圾桶上的条形码。当你把垃圾扔进垃圾桶时，它会显示垃圾的重量和你可以从中得到的分数。）”可知，上文谈到了扫码扔垃圾的方式，D项中提到的 “Such a way of handling garbage” 与之呼应。故选D。

2．根据下文“The environmental problems have become constant headaches in the development of those cities. Encouraging garbage classification has become an effective way.（环境问题一直是这些城市发展中令人头疼的问题。鼓励垃圾分类已经成为一种有效的方式。）可知，下句提到在城市的发展过程中环境问题成为令人头疼的问题。F项指出了中国的环境问题，即“每年中国的一些城市造成2亿多吨垃圾”。故选F。

3．根据本段首句“In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use.（在一些

城市，各种多功能智能垃圾桶正在投入使用。）”可知，该段主要讲述两种智能垃圾桶，设空处前介绍了装有LED屏幕的垃圾桶，设空处后介绍了装有感应器的垃圾桶，此种垃圾桶更加智能。B项：Another kind of garbage can is even smarter.（另一种垃圾桶更聪明。）符合语境。故选B。

4．根据本段首句“In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use.（在一些城市，各种多功能智能垃圾桶正在投入使用。）”可知，该段主要讲述两种智能垃圾桶，空处对它们的出现给予评价。C项：It is no wonder that residents cheered for their presence.（难怪居民们都为它们两种垃圾桶的出现而欢呼）符合语境。故选C。

5．根据上文“Garbage disposal is a small issue that involves everybody each day. However, it is also a big issue.（垃圾处理是一个每天涉及到每个人的小问题。然而，这也是一个大问题。）”可知，上文指出垃圾处理也是个大问题，本句应该进一步解释。E项：It will affect China’s transformation towards green development.（它会影响中国向绿色发展转型）指出了具体的问题。故选E。

 第二组

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Mindfulness refers to directing all of your attention and awareness to the present. It can be tough in today's fast-paced world to be mindful. ____6____However, if you're intentional about being more mindful during your everyday life, you can live with greater purpose and more happiness.

Whether you're talking with your partner, your children, or a colleague, mindful interactions are important. Stay present in the moment by listening carefully and thinking about how to respond to others in a more mindful manner. In other words, don't cut in while others are sharing their opinions. ____7____

Mindless eating is common in your everyday life. Practice becoming more mindful about how you fuel your body. ____8____Chew your food slowly and enjoy the taste fully. Notice your body's signals about when you're getting full.

____9____Really focus on the sound, the shaking movement of each note, and the feelings that are stirred up within you, and other in — the — moment emotions.

Actually, there are many mindfulness exercises you can practice on a regular basis. Look for more opportunities around you. ____10____Your mind is likely to wander repeatedly. But, with practice and patience, you'll get better.

A Seek to really hear the message.

B. You may not make it when you first start.

C. Instead, be anxious for a way to talk back.

D. Pay attention to each bite that you're taking.

E. You can also practice mindfulness when having a class.

F. After all, there are many things competing for your attention.

G. Another opportunity to practice is when you're listening to music.

【答案】6. F    7. A    8. D    9. G    10. B

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。在当今快节奏的世界里，保持专注是很困难的。文章对如何练习保持专注提供了策略和方法。

【6题详解】

根据前文“It can be tough in today's fast-paced world to be mindful. ”（在当今快节奏的世界里，保持专注是很困难的。）可知，此处是讲现在保持专注是很困难的，选项F（毕竟，有很多东西在争夺你的注意力。）是解释这种现象的原因，所以选项F切合文意。故选F。

【7题详解】

根据前文“Stay present in the moment by listening carefully and thinking about how to respond to others in a more mindful manner.”（通过仔细倾听和思考如何以更专注的方式回应他人，活在当下。）可知，此处是指不要打断别人的话，要仔细倾听，所以选项A（寻求真正听到这个信息。）切合文意。故选A。

【8题详解】

根据前文“Practice becoming more mindful about how you fuel your body.”（练习对如何给身体补充能量更加专注。）可知，此处是指吃东西时要专注，所以选项D（注意你吃的每一口。）切合文意。故选D。

【9题详解】

根据后文“Really focus on the sound, the shaking movement of each note, and the feelings that are stirred up within you, and other in — the — moment emotions.”（真正地专注于声音、每个音符的颤动、你内心被激发的感觉以及其他瞬间的情感。）可知，此处是讲听音乐时要专注，所以选项G（另一个练习的机会是在听音乐的时候。）切合文意。故选G。

【10题详解】

根据后文“Your mind is likely to wander repeatedly.”（你可能会反复走神。）可知，此处是讲一开始你可能做不到，所以选项B（当你第一次开始的时候，你可能做不到。）切合文意。故选B。

 第三组

Ways to protect eyes from screens

Too much screen time may cause serious eye strain (眼疲劳) and even a sharp decline of eyesight. That's a big problem a lot of people are faced with nowadays, especially those who work on a computer. The following tips may be helpful.

Get regular eye tests

Experts recommend having a comprehensive eye exam every year to detect (探测) problems before they develop. During this test, you should tell the doctor how often you use your phone and your computer. 11． Tell your doctor about it, and your eyes can be tested more accurately at that distance.

Give your eyes space

12． Studies on computer-related eye strain suggest that screens should be no closer than 40 cm from your face. If this makes it hard for you to read, consider increasing the size of the text rather than moving the screen closer.

Take breaks

This may not always be practical if you're quite busy, but it's important not to stare directly at a screen for too long. 13． While surveys have shown that many office workers take no more than half an hour a day away from their computer, it's recommended that you take a 15-minute break after every two hours spent at your screen.

14．

Staring at a screen continuously for hours on end may make it difficult for you to focus. To avoid this, many eye experts recommend the “20-20-20 rule” — looking away from your phone/computer screen every 20 minutes and focusing on an object at least 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. The science behind his trick is that looking at objects at a distance relaxes the focusing muscle in the eye. 15．

A．Exercise your eyes.

B．Give your eyes a chance to rest.

C．Make your screen more eye-friendly.

D．Studies show it's an effective way to reduce tiredness.

E.You should also measure the distance from your eyes to your screen at work.

F.The closer your phone/computer screen is to your eyes, the harder they have to work to focus.

G.Make sure that you use your phone or computer in a room where the lighting is bright enough.

11．E12．F13．B14．A15．D

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当今许多人面临的一个大问题——经常面对电子屏幕导致眼睛疲劳，文章提出了几种保护眼睛免受屏幕伤害的方法。

11．通过下文“Tell your doctor about it, and your eyes can be tested more accurately at that distance. (把这件事告诉你的医生，这样你的眼睛就能在这个距离上得到更准确的检测)”可知，作者建议将距离告诉医生，以寻求更准确的检测，可推知，上文是建议大家测距离。E项“你还应该在工作时测量眼睛到屏幕的距离。”符合文意，且E项中的“distance”与下文一致。故选E项。

12．通过本段标题“Give your eyes space (给你的眼睛留点空间)”可知，本段主要建议给眼睛留点空间。下文“that screens should be no closer than 40 cm from your face (屏幕距离脸部的距离不应小于40厘米)”说明屏幕与脸部之间应该保持适当距离。F项“手机或电脑屏幕离你的眼睛越近，你的眼睛就越难聚焦。”指出了眼睛离手机或电脑屏幕近的危害，引出了下文应保持适当距离的建议，符合文意。故选F项。

13．上文“it's important not to stare directly at a screen for too long (不要长时间盯着屏幕很重要)”建议人们不要长时间盯着屏幕，设空处承上启下。下文“it's recommended that you take a 15-minute break after every two hours spent at your screen (建议你每看两个小时屏幕后休息15分钟)”建议人们适当休息。B项“给你的眼睛一个休息的机会。”承上启下，符合文意。故选B项。

14．通过下文“To avoid this, many eye experts recommend the “20-20-20 rule” — looking away from your phone/computer screen every 20 minutes and focusing on an object at least 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. (为了避免这种情况，许多眼科专家推荐“20-20-20规则”，也就是每20分钟让眼睛离开手机或电脑屏幕，盯着20英尺（约合0.9米）以外的物体看至少20秒)”可推知，本段主要建议大家锻炼眼睛来缓解疲劳。A项“锻炼你的眼睛。”符合段意。故选A项。

15．上文“The science behind his trick is that looking at objects at a distance relaxes the focusing muscle in the eye. (这个把戏背后的科学原理是，看远处的物体会放松眼睛的聚焦肌肉)”解释了为什么“20-20-20规则”可以放松眼睛，缓解疲劳。D项“研究表明这是减少疲劳的有效方法。”承接上文，符合文意。故选D项。

                                              第四组

Before COVID-19, self-care — caring for ourselves — may have not been a priority for many people. 16．. There is no exact way to practice self-care. It includes many areas and may look different from person to person. Here are some suggestions on what can be done.

17．

For some people, self-care may be simply slowing down. It can also mean controlling parts of your life that you can control. This is important when the world around you feels out of control.

Learn something new

For some people, self-care might include doing things they have always wanted to do but never made time for. 18．.

Mental health self-care

Another form of self-care is making time to meet with a mental health specialist, if needed. The Associated Press reports that online mental health services have increased during the pandemic. However, meeting with a mental health professional may not be possible for some people. 19．. Meditating, writing about your feelings and problems, and organizing the physical space around you are all forms of self-care.

Be kind to yourself — the best type of self-care

Experts remind us that self-care during the pandemic could feel like riding a rollercoaster — up some days, down on others.

It can help to have a routine — a usual way of doing things. But experts say keep the routine simple. 20．. Remember, be kind to yourself.

A．Never feel out of control

B．Slow down and feel in control

C．But now it is even more important than usual

D．So doctors have suggestions for other ways to reduce stress during the pandemic

E.Self-care includes both individual wellness and the wellness of the greater community

F.It is also important not to be hard on yourself if you do not keep to your routine every day

G.These things include baking, gardening, and learning a new language or some other new skills

【答案】

16．C     17．B     18．G     19．D     20．F

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。在COVID-19之前，自我护理——照顾自己——可能不是许多人的优先事项，但是现在它比平时更重要。文章主要介绍了一些自我照顾的建议。

16．根据上文“Before COVID-19, self-care — caring for ourselves — may have not been a priority for many people.(在COVID-19之前，自我护理——照顾自己——可能不是许多人的优先事项)”结合后文提出了一些自我护理的方法，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出自我护理的重要性。故C选项“但是现在它比平时更重要”符合语境，故选C。

17．根据后文“For some people, self-care may be simply slowing down. It can also mean controlling parts of your life that you can control. This is important when the world around you feels out of control. (对一些人来说，自我护理可能只是慢了下来。它也可以指控制你生活中你能控制的部分。当你感到周围的世界失控时，这一点很重要)”可知，本段关于自我护理的方法是慢下来，B选项中Slow down对应后文中slowing down。故B选项“慢下来，感觉一切尽在掌握”符合语境，故选B。

18．根据小标题“Learn something new(学习新事物)”以及上文“For some people, self-care might include doing things they have always wanted to do but never made time for.(对一些人来说，自我照顾可能包括做一些他们一直想做但从来没有时间做的事情)”可知，本段提出的建议是学习新事物，本句为本段最后一句，应举例说明可以学习哪些新事物。故G选项“这些事情包括烘焙、园艺、学习一门新语言或其他一些新技能”符合语境，故选G。

19．根据上文“However, meeting with a mental health professional may not be possible for some people.(然而，对一些人来说，与心理健康专业人士见面可能是不可能的)”以及后文“Meditating, writing about your feelings and problems, and organizing the physical space around you are all forms of self-care.(冥想，写下你的感受和问题，整理你周围的物理空间，这些都是自我照顾的形式)”可知，上文提到与心理健康专业人士见面不可能，后文则提到了其它自我照顾的方式，可知本句与上文构成因果关系，指出医生对在大流行期间减少压力的其他方法有建议。故D选项“因此，医生对在大流行期间减少压力的其他方法有建议”符合语境，故选D。

20．根据上文“It can help to have a routine — a usual way of doing things. But experts say keep the routine simple.(养成一种例行公事的习惯是有帮助的。但专家表示，保持简单的作息习惯)”可知，上文提到专家建议保持简单的作息习惯，F选项中routine对应上文中routine。故F选项“同样重要的是，如果你不坚持你的日常生活，不要对自己太苛刻”符合语境，故选F。

            第五组

（2021·河南·模拟预测）  

 It may be tempting (有诱惑的) to take the summer off and relax, but looking for a job will give you helpful life skills. Finding a job may be hard, but the search will be worth it. Jobs are out there. 21．, even if you don’t land the job you want.

1. You’ll develop your interview skills. The more jobs you apply for, the better you’ll get at interviewing. Learning to interview well is a skill. It can help you get into college and even land a full-time job.

2.22． You may not get the first job you interview for. Rejection happens in life and it can be hard to handle. The more we face rejection, the easier it becomes to move forward and bounce back.

3. You’ll learn something about yourself. If you get a job that wasn’t your first choice, you might discover a new skill or interest. If you need to save money, you may learn that commitment is necessary to reach your goals. What if nothing works out? 23．

4. You’ll push the limits of your comfort zone. It’s a lot easier to sit at home doing the same things. 24．. Experiencing new things can make you more productive and you might even have fun!

25．. You have nothing to lose and a lot to gain. And if you don’t get a job, volunteer.

Volunteering is a great way to gain experience. It looks favorable on resumes for college applications or future jobs.

If you need help writing a resume (简历) to apply for a job, search online. A number of websites offer free tips.

A．Practice makes perfect

B．You’ll find a better world

C．You’ll get better at dealing with rejection

D．You may decide to start your own business

E.You’ll still gain these skills from the process

F.If you’re thinking about a summer job, apply

G.But job-hunting can push you out of your comfort zone

【答案】 21．E  22．C  23．D  24．G  25．F

【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文阐述了求职可以使人走出舒适的区，学到一些有用的生活技能。

21．上文“It may be tempting (有诱惑的) to take the summer off and relax, but looking for a job will give you helpful life skills. Finding a job may be hard, but the search will be worth it. (暑假休假放松是很有诱惑力的，但是找工作会给你一些有用的生活技能。找工作可能很难，但是值得的)”说明暑假找工作可能很难，但是能够给你一些有用的生活技能，E项“You’ll still gain these skills from the process(你将仍然能从这个过程中获得技能)”中的“gain these skills”是关键词，与上文是顺承关系，符合题意，承上启下。故选E项。

22．下文“You may not get the first job you interview for. Rejection happens in life and it can be hard to handle. The more we face rejection, the easier it becomes to move forward and bounce back.(你可能得不到面试的第一份工作。拒绝发生在生活中，很难处理。我们面对的拒绝越多，我们就越容易前进和重整旗鼓)”可知，生活中我们面对的拒绝越多，我们就越容易前进和重整旗鼓，C选项“You’ll get better at dealing with rejection(你会更善于处理拒绝)”中的“dealing with rejection”是关键词，与下文构成顺承关系，符合题意。故选C项。

23．上文“If you get a job that wasn’t your first choice, you might discover a new skill or interest. If you need to save money, you may learn that commitment is necessary to reach your goals. What if nothing works out? (如果你得到一份不是你首选的工作，你可能会发现一种新的技能或兴趣。如果你需要省钱，你可能会学到承诺是实现目标的必要条件。如果什么工作都没找到怎么办呢？)”可知，如果得到一份不是你首选的工作，你可能会发现一种新的技能或兴趣，也可能什么工作都找不到。 D选项“You may decide to start your own business(你可以决定自己创业)”中的“start your own business”是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，符合题意。故选D项。

24．上文“You'll push the limits of your comfort zone,It’s a lot easier to sit at home doing the same things. (你会突破你舒适区的极限。坐在家里做同样的事情容易得多)”可知，找工作可以突破你舒适区的极限，G选项“But job-hunting can push you out of your comfort zone(但是找工作会把你从舒适区拉出来)”中的“push you out of your comfort zone”是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，承上启下，符合题意。故选G项。

25．下文“You have nothing to lose and a lot to gain.(你不会失去什么，而且会得到很多)”以及结合上文，尤其是第一段“It may be tempting to take the summer off and relax, but looking for a job will give you helpful life skills.(暑假休假放松是很有诱惑力的，但是找工作会给你一些有用的生活技能)”可知，作者综合分析以上内容，并鼓励学生暑假申请工作，因此，F选项“If you’re thinking about a summer job, apply(如果你想找一份暑期工作，那就申请吧)”与前述段落构成总分总关系，符合题意。故选F项。