专题13 虚拟语气 -冲刺2022年高考英语重点语法通关练

这是一份专题13 虚拟语气 -冲刺2022年高考英语重点语法通关练，文件包含专题14虚拟语气-冲刺2022年高考英语重点语法通关练教师版doc、专题14虚拟语气-冲刺2022年高考英语重点语法通关练学生版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共20页， 欢迎下载使用。
备战2022高考英语语法专题之虚拟语气（教师版）目录内容Section A真题感悟Section B知识梳理Section C课堂练习Section D课后作业Section E巩固提升 1：语法填空①They might have found a better hotel if they            (drive) a few more kilometers.②Frankly speaking, if I              (be) you, I wouldn’t accept that job.③My father suggests that I             (take) enough sleep before the final examination.④I wish I             (have) a chance to talk with you about my writing before you left.⑤It’s high time that we              （take）measures to protect the grain fields.⑥My husband is always talking about the economy, but I’d rather he             (focus) more on our children’s education.参考答案：1. Had driven  2.were   3.(should)take   4. had had   5.took/should take  6. focused    1：考点梳理虚拟语气用于if条件句中时主从句的谓语动词形式； 含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气； 名词性从句中的虚拟语气； 特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。考点1    虚拟语气的基本用法1. if条件句中的虚拟语气(1)基本构成时间if从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式现在过去式(be的过去式用were)should/would/could/ might＋动词原形过去had＋过去分词should/would/could/ might＋have＋过去分词将来should＋动词原形should/would/could/might＋动词原形过去式were to＋动词原形(2)错综时间的虚拟语气当从句、主句所表示的行为发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所在的时间作出相应的调整。If you hadn’t left home without a word, your parents wouldn’t be so worried now. 如果你说句话再离开家，你父母现在就不会这么担心了。(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反)(3)省略if虚拟条件句需倒装if虚拟条件状语从句中出现were, had, should时，可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，变为倒装句式。Were she my daughter (＝If she were my daughter), I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad. Had he caught the morning train (＝If he had caught the morning train), he would not have been late for the meeting. Should it rain(＝If it should rain), the crops would be saved. 2. 含蓄条件虚拟语气含蓄条件虚拟语气不使用if 引导的条件状语从句来明确表示条件，而是通过短语、单词及上下文暗示条件，常用的词语有without, but for, otherwise, or等，此时我们可以从意思上推断出虚拟语气的时间。Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway wouldn’t have written his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. (Without his wartime experiences相当于If he hadn’t had his wartime experiences)Given more time, she would certainly have done much better. (Given more time相当于If she had been given more time)Being a doctor, I could cure all patients suffering from cancer. (Being a doctor相当于If I were a doctor)They liked the apartment or they wouldn’t have stayed so long. (or相当于if they hadn’t liked the apartment)I would have come to see you that day. Unfortunately, it was raining so hard. (后面一句相当于if it hadn’t been raining so hard)考点2　虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法1. 主语从句中的虚拟语气某些It is/was＋形容词/过去分词/名词＋that引导的主语从句中，主语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should 可省略。It is necessary that he (should) be sent there at once. It is requested that Professor Liu (should) give us a lecture. It is a pity that you should refuse the invitation. 注意：① 用于本句型中的常见形容词有necessary, important, right, impossible, surprising, regretful, advisable, essential, urgent, natural, strange等。② 用于本句型中的过去分词通常表示提议、要求、命令等，如suggested，required，requested，demanded，urged，decided, proposed，ordered, desired, advised等。③ 用于本句型中的常见名词有duty, pity, shame, regret, no surprise, no wonder等。④ 本句型中的主语从句也可用陈述语气，如：It was important that he made a clear statement on this issue last week. 上个星期他就这一问题做了明确的说明，这是很重要的。2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气(1)宾语从句在表示“提议”“要求”“命令”等动词后，其谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”表示虚拟。常见的此类动词有insist(坚持要求，坚持主张), order, command, advise, suggest(建议), propose, recommend, demand, require, request, urge, desire等。The doctor suggested that he (should) not go there. He insisted that all of us (should) be there on time whatever happens. 注意：当insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”和suggest表示“表明，暗示”时，其后的宾语从句中不用虚拟语气。The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him. He insisted that he was honest. 时间从句谓语动词形式现在过去式(be动词用were)过去had＋过去分词将来would/could/might＋动词原形I wish that I were able to fly. I wish that I had come yesterday. I wish that she could marry me. (3)would rather后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的形式为：时间从句谓语动词形式现在过去式(be动词用were)将来过去had＋过去分词I’d rather you didn’t go to that place. I’d rather you hadn’t been late for the beginning of the show. 3. 表语从句中的虚拟语气句子主语是表示“愿望”“劝告”“建议”“主张”“命令”“决定”等行为动词派生出来的同根名词时，其表语从句常用虚拟语气“(should) ＋动词原形”结构。这类名词有suggestion, proposal, request, advice, decision, requirement等。Our only request is that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. My advice is that you (should) treat her well. 考点3　虚拟语气在其他方面的使用1. 虚拟语气可用于as if/though 引导的表语从句和方式状语从句：时间从句谓语动词形式现在过去式(be动词用were)过去had＋过去分词将来would/could/might＋动词原形She looks as if/though she were ten years younger. The girl listened as if/though she had been turned into a stone. He opened his mouth as if/though he would say something. 2. 虚拟语气用于if only引导的条件句或感叹句：时间从句谓语动词形式现在过去式(be动词用were)过去had＋过去分词将来would/could/might＋动词原形If only I were better-looking!If only I had listened to my parents!If only she would go with me!注意：if only意为“但愿，要是……就好了”；only if意为“只有……(才)”，引导条件状语从句，不用虚拟语气。3. 在It is (high/about/the very) time＋(that)从句中，从句中的谓语动词通常用过去式或“should＋动词原形”(此时should不可省略)表示虚拟，意为“是时候该干某事了”。It is time the children went to bed. It’s high time that we should take action to protect the water resources. 4. 用于现在时态疑问句中征求对方意见，表示谦虚、客气、礼貌或委婉的语气。— Could you lend me a hand?— Yes, I can. 5. 情态动词＋have＋done... 表达“本该”的意思。should (not)＋have＋done... 本来(不)应该做某事could (not)＋have＋done... 本来(不)能够做某事might have＋done... 本来可能发生(但是没有发生)needn’t＋have＋done... 本来不必做某事(但做了)ought (not) to＋have＋done... 本(不)应该做某事6. 其他一些习惯表达：Would you like/love to do...？I’d rather do...You’d better do...  一、单句改错 1. These workers were made work for ten hours a day. 2. His brother made great progress last term. So does his sister. 3. Hardly have I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with. 4. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if carrying out regularly, can improve our health. 5. On the top of the mountain stand an old castle which has a history of more than three hundred years. 6. We laugh at jokes, but seldom we think about how they work. 7. So absorbed did she in her work that she didn’t realize I was behind her. 8. Try although she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open. 9. He was seen fall off his bike. 10. Seldom they played video games since they went to college. 参考答案：　1. 在made后加to　2. does改为did　3. have改为had　4. carrying改为carried　5. stand改为stands　6. 在seldom后加do或去掉seldom　7. did改为was　8. although改为though/as　9. fall改为falling或在其前加to　10. 在Seldom后加have二、单句语法填空1. “Never for a second, ” the boy says, “ ____________ (do) I doubt that my father would come to my rescue.”2. ____________ when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again. 3. It was with the help of the local guide ____________ the mountain climber was rescued. 4. It was not until near the end of the letter ____________ she mentioned her own plan. 5. Look, just in front of the house ____________ (stand) a tall tree with a history of 100 years. 6. Growing all over the mountain ____________ (be) wild flowers, which attract many people. 7. ____________ (seat) on the ground are a group of young people. 8. Successful ____________ he is, he is not proud. 9. ____________ curious were the couple about wild plants that they made a trip to Madagascar for further research. 10. ____________ (be) I a bird, I would fly freely.参考答案：　1. that　2. Though/Although/While　3. Unless　4. before　5. where　6. when　7. as/when/after　8. since　9. whatever   10. however 一、单句改错 1. It was so noisy that we mustn’t hear ourselves speak. 2. I mustn’t have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 3. You can be careful with the camera. It costs!4. I’d rather you go tomorrow. 5. How I wish I attended the meeting yesterday. 6. If I was you, I would have taken his advice. 7. It’s high time that we work hard to achieve our goals. 8. I requested that the teacher would give an answer to the question. 9. It’s ordered that we will start the attack before dawn. 10. You can be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years. 参考答案：1. mustn’t改为couldn’t　2. mustn’t改为needn’t　3. can改为must/should　4. go改为went　5. 在attended前加had　6. was改为were　7. work改为worked或在其前加should　8. would 改为should或去掉would　9. will 改为should或去掉will　10. can改为must二：语法填空1. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There ____________ be twelve. 2. Cindy is generally serious but she ____________ be humorous sometimes. 3. He advised that the meeting ____________ (put) off till next Friday. 4. I was really anxious about you. You ____________ have left home without a word. 5. If he ____________ (be) here yesterday evening, he would have come to attend the meeting. 6. If I were you, I ____________ (buy) the typewriter. 7. I wish I ____________ (tell) her the way to the supermarket. 8. It’s time that the farmers ____________ (get) in the crops. 9. If only he ____________ (have) a phone! He’s tired of queuing outside the public phone box. 10. The order came that the medical supplies ____________ (send) to the earthquake-stricken area soon. 参考答案：   1. should　2. can　3. (should) be put　4. shouldn’t　5. had been　6. would buy　7. had told　8. got/should get　9. had   10. (should) be sent 1：语法填空1. If I ____________ (know) her telephone number, I would have called her. 2. If he were to miss the bus, he ____________ (go) to school on foot. 3. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ____________ (have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. 4. His expression suggested that he ____________ (pass) the test. 5. They talked as if they ____________ (be) friends for many years. 6. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ____________ (manage) it without you. 7. Look at the trouble I’m in, if only I ____________ (follow your advice!8. If the new safety system ____________ (put) to use, the accident would never have happened. 9. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ____________ (tell) me, I could have helped. 10. I wish I ____________ (be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. 参考答案：1. had known　2. would go　3. had　4. (had) passed　5. had been　6. could have managed　7. had followed　8. had been put　9. had told　10. had been2：短文改错Patience is of great importance in our daily life. Once I waited a bus to come at a stop. 30 minutes pass, but no bus came. Both upset and annoyed, I decided to walk on feet. But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived. I thought if I had waited for one more minute, I would have caught it. If I chose to take a next bus, I would have to wait for other 30 minutes. Only then do I realize my problem. Being impatient will possible waste all the effort that we have put it in. Now whenever I am close to lose my patience, I’ll think of this experience. 参考答案：第二句：在waited后加for第三句：pass改为passed第四句：feet 改为foot第五句：when 改为than第七句：a改为the; other 改为another第八句：do改为did第九句：possible改为possibly；去掉it第十句：lose改为losing3：篇章训练（A）Mary had lived in China for 1.____________ (near) twenty years before she came here.I’ve planned to visit China next year.So I requested her to tell me the 2.____________ (good) time to go there.Mary said to me, “The most comfortable time to visit China is either between March and May or between September and early November.During these months, the weather is 3.____________ (particular) pleasant throughout the country, neither too hot nor too cold.”I’m 4.____________ (interest) in tasting all kinds of food all over the world.I asked her to say something about the 5.____________ (China)food.“Well, Chinese food is delicious and 6.____________ (reasonable)priced.What is even 7.____________ (good) is that restaurants do not ask for or accept tips，”she said 8.____________ (patient)．“Language can be a problem in China, 9.____________ (especial) for first－time visitors.”said Mary.She advised me to learn some 10.____________ (base) Chinese words and phrases.Moreover, she reminded me to carry an English－Chinese pocket dictionary.参考答案：1．nearly　[句意：玛丽在来这里之前在中国住了近20年。nearly将近；差不多。 ]2．best　[根据下文中的The most comfortable time 及该空前的定冠词可知，该空应该用形容词的最高级形式，故答案为best。]3．particularly　[句意：在这些月份，整个国家的天气都特别宜人，既不太热也不是太冷。particularly 尤其，特别。]4．interested　[be interested in对……感兴趣。]5．Chinese　[由下文中的 Chinese food可知。]6．reasonably　[过去分词前需用副词作状语，故答案为reasonably。]7．better　[由设空处前的副词even可知，设空处应为形容词的比较级形式(even用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级)，故答案为better。]8．patiently　[修饰动词 said 用副词，故填 patiently。]9．especially　[由设空处前的“在中国，语言可能会是一个问题”可知，语言对首次去那里的游客来说尤其是一个问题，故填especially(尤其)。]10．basic　[此处修饰 words and phrases，应用形容词 basic(基本的)。]（B）A high school history teacher once told us，“If you make one close friend in school，you will be  most lucky.1.____________ true friend is someone who stays with you for life.” Experience showed that he was right.Good 2.____________ (friend) are just not easily formed.To most of us，friendships are thought very important，but we need to have the kinds of friendships we want.Are they to be close or kept at arm’s 3.________ (long)? Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? For some people，many friendships on the surface are quite enough and that’s all right.But at some point we need to make sure that our expectations are the same as our 4.____________ (friend) expectations.The sharing of 5.____________ (person) experience is the surest way 6.____________ (deepen) friendships.But it must be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there are signs of interest and action in return.What are some of the 7.____________ (difficult) in forming friendships? The greatest is to expect too much too soon.Deep relationships take time.Another main difficulty is the 8.____________ (selfish) to think one “owns” the other，including his time and attention.Similarly，friendships need actions in return.In other words，you must give as much as you take.Finally there is a question of taking care of each other.9.____________ you spend reasonable time together，talking on the phone，writing 10.____________ (letter) or doing things together，friendships will die away.参考答案：1．A　[由语境可知，此处指类别，泛指“一个”真正的朋友，故填不定冠词a，另在句首要大写。]2．friendships　[在句中作主语，用名词形式；根据谓语动词are formed可知，主语应为复数形式，故填friendships。]3．length　[在名词所有格后，要用名词形式。keep sb at arm’s length意为“不使自己太靠近某人；与某人保持距离”。]4．friends’　[根据语境，应当指“我们的朋友的”，故填friends’。]5．personal　[在名词前作定语，用形容词形式。]6．to deepen　[在way后用不定式作定语。]7．difficulties　[此处用difficulties指具体困难。]8．selfishness　[在冠词后要用名词。]9．Unless　[根据“you spend...”和“friendships will die away”两个句子的逻辑关系可知，应填unless引导条件状语从句。]10．letters　[名词作宾语。因为是可数名词，且没有限定词，故用复数。]