专题01 代词 -冲刺2022年高考英语重点语法通关练
展开专题01 代词（教师版）
目录 | 内容 |
Section A | 真题感悟 |
Section B | 知识梳理 |
Section C | 课堂练习 |
Section D | 课后作业 |
Section E | 巩固提升 |
1：语法填空
1．(2021·新高考I卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in _______(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!
2．（2021年全国乙卷）Ecotourism has _____(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
3．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Data about...,could help China decide whether (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
4．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine (they) living at a different time in history or...
5．(2019·北京卷)Nervously facing challenges,I know I will whisper to (I) the two simple words “Be yourself ”.
6．(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give a try.
7．(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find (they) alive.
8．(2018·浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out.
参考答案：
1：mine 2：its 3.its 4.themselves 5.myself 6.it 7.them 8.it
2：短文改错
1．（2021·全国甲卷）…… Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they’re of the same age and can understand each other. Some will tum to their parents or teachers for help. Only a few choose to deal with the problems on our own……
2．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)“Not that way,” my mom tried to stop us but failed.
3．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.
4．(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)They(My parents) would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.
5．(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)I had done myself homework,but I was shy.
参考答案：
1.our-their 2.us→me 3.yours→your/you 4.us→me 5.myself→my/the
1：考点梳理
- 人称代词；
- 物主代词；
- 反身代词；
- 不定代词；
- it的用法。
考点1 人称代词；物主代词；反身代词
人称 | 单复数 | 主格 | 宾格 | 形容词性物主代词 | 名词性物主代词 | 反身代词 |
第一人称 | 单数 | I | me | my | mine | myself |
复数 | we | us | our | ours | ourselves | |
第二人称 | 单数 | you | you | your | yours | yourself |
复数 | you | you | your | yours | yourselves | |
第三人称 | 单数 | he | him | his | his | himself |
she | her | her | hers | herself | ||
It | It | Its | its | itself | ||
复数 | they | them | their | theirs | themselves |
考点2
指示代词 | this,that,these,those,such,some | ||
疑问代词 | who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever | ||
关系代词 | that,which,who,whom,whose,as | ||
不定 代词 | 普通不定代词 | one/ some/ any,each/ every,none/ no,many/ much,few/ little/ a few/ a little,other/ another,all/ both,neither/ either | |
复合不定代词 | something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody, everyone, no one/none,someone,anyone | ||
相互代词 | each other,one another | ||
考点4 常见代词用法比较
1. each, both, all, either, any, neither, none用法辨析
全体都 | each | 两者及以上每一 | 与not连用表部分否定 |
both | 两者全都 | ||
all | 三者及以上全都 | ||
全体中任一 | either | 两者任一 | 与not连用表全部否定 |
any | 三者及以上任一 | ||
全体都不 | neither | 两者都不 | 表全部否定 |
none | 三者及以上都不 |
2. one, it, that, those用法辨析
one | 泛指同类事物 | 替代单数可数名词，复数为ones。 |
it | 特指同一事物 | 替代单数可数名词，也可指代前面整个句子内容。 |
that | 特指同类事物 | 替代单数可数名词，同the one，或替代不可数名词，后接of。 |
those | 特指同类事物 | 替代复数可数名词，同the ones，后接定语或接of结构。 |
3. other, another, others用法辨析
other | (两者之中)另一个或(三者以上)其余。one... the other表“两者中一个……另一个……”；还用于(数词＋)other＋名词。 |
another | 作形容词，后接单数名词，表“另一，又一”；还用于another＋数词＋复数名词。 |
others | 表泛指，the others指“剩余全部”，常见形式some...(the) others。 |
4. many, much, some, any, little, few用法辨析
许多 | many | 修饰名词复数，谓语用复数。 |
much | 修饰不可数名词，谓语用单数；作副词修饰比较级。 | |
一些 | some | 修饰名词，常用于肯定句中。与复数名词或不可数名词连用，表“一些”；修饰单数名词，表“某一”；作副词，用于数词前，表“大约”。 |
any | 修饰名词，用于否定句和疑问句中，与不可数名词或复数名词连用；用于肯定句中时，修饰单数名词，表“任一”；作副词修饰比较级。 | |
少量 | (a)little | 修饰不可数名词，谓语用单数；作副词修饰比较级；not a little表“非常，很”，而not a bit表示“一点也不”。 |
(a)few | 修饰名词复数，谓语用复数。 |
考点5 it的用法
非人称 代词 | It’s quite hot here in summer,isn’t it? It’s early midnight now.We’d better go to bed. It’s about an hour’s drive from here to Nanchang. | 指代日期、时间、季节、天气、温度、距离、重量、环境、情况等 | |
形式 成分 | 形式 主语 | It is difficult to understand why she barks every minute she is outside. | 真正的主语由不定式、动词-ing形式或从句充当 |
形式 宾语 | Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. | 真正的宾语由不定式、动词-ing形式或从句充当 | |
强调 句型 | It was under the bed that my brother hid the ball this morning. It is Mr Bell who/that often comes and looks after the old man. | 指人时可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that | |
常见的it句型
1．It is a pity/shame that...真可惜……
2．It is no wonder that...难怪……
3．It seems/appears that...似乎/看起来……
4．It looks/seems as if/though...看起来好像……
5．It happened that...碰巧……
6．It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb.that...某人突然想起……
7．It is said/reported that...据说/据报道……
8．It is no use /good doing...做……没有用/好处。
9．It takes sb.some time to do...做……花费某人多长时间。
10．It is certain that... ……是一定的。
11．See to it that...确保……
12．Count on/rely on/depend on it that...相信……
13．as someone puts it 像某人说的那样
14．When it comes to...当涉及/谈到……
15．I can’t help it...我没办法/情不自禁……
16．I take it that...我理解的是……
17．It’s (high) time that sb. did sth.是某人该做某事的时候了。
18．It’s the first/second/...time that sb.have/has done sth.这是某人第一次/二次/……次做某事了。
19．It is/has been...since...自从……已经过了……时间了。
20．It will be/was...before...要过……时间才……/在……之前已过了……时间。
21．I hate/enjoy/appreciate/dislike/love/like/prefer it when/if...我讨厌/喜欢/感激……
一、单句改错
1. At that time, we often played a trick on himself.
2. I’m going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon.
3. One Sunday morning we went fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake.
4. With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, I’ve soon got used to living without my parents around.
5. We have learned a lot from the text book, but I believe you personal experience will be a lot better.
6. The child read the story but did not comprehend it’s meaning.
7. Many students feel it that a popular teacher must be kind and easygoing.
8. Three years ago, Li Ming’s parents invited I to spend two wonderful weeks in Qingdao with them.
9. We chose the cheapest biscuits and ate it under a tree.
10. He thought the poor animal was injured, so the kind farmer took off his jacket and put on the animal.
参考答案：
1. himself改为him 2. mine改为my/the 3. ours改为our 4. me改为mine 5. you改为your 6. it’s改为its 7. 去掉it 8. I改为me 9. it改为them 10. 在put后加it
二、单句语法填空
1. The quality of education in this small school is better than ____________ in some larger schools.
2. A marked bee fed ____________ (it) from the dish and returned to the hive.
3. At our factory there are a few machines similar to __________ described in this magazine.
4. If the product is significantly different from ____________ described in the ad, you have every right to complain to the local authority.
5. Mr. Smith gave the tickets to all the students except the ____________ who had already seen the movie.
6. The story is about an old villager and his sons living in West China, none of ____________ travelling beyond the mountain in their life.
7. It’s one thing to send a short message but ____________ to have the person receiving the message actually do something.
8. Try to be independent, for your parents can’t do ____________ for you all your life.
9. I don’t like fishing. David don’t like fishing, ____________.
10. The address is on the envelope. I would appreciate ____________ if you could give me your earliest reply.
参考答案：
1. that 2. itself 3. those 4. that 5. ones 6. them 7. another 8. everything 9. either 10. it
一、单句改错
1. He wouldn’t go to see a play that no one liked it.
2. Now I really enjoy studying because I’m growing older and know I want them.
3. I read your email to my parents and showed them the photo you sent it to me.
4. We’ve been writing to each for nearly half a year now. I have often dreamed of talking face to face with you.
5. His parents went to New York last year, and none of them wrote letters to him.
6. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.
7. When I was in high school, most of my friends had bicycles. I hoped I could also have it.
8. He is too young to look after he.
9. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals.
10. I had done myself homework, but I was shy.
参考答案：
- 去掉it 2. them改为it 3. 去掉it 4. 在each后加other 5. none改为neither 6. them改为it或去掉them 7. it改为one 8. 第二个he改为himself 9. another改为other 10. myself 改为my / the
二：语法填空
1. She’d lived in London and Manchester, but she liked ____________ and moved to Cambridge.
2. Susan made ____________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
3. After a long walk in the sun, they wanted to drink ____________ cold.
4. Niki is always full of ideas, but ____________ is useful to my knowledge.
5. How would you like ____________ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?
6. By that time, the panda no longer needed ____________ (it) mother for food.
7. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ____________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
8. During the winter, they remind ____________ (they), “This won’t last long and we will soon be out of here.”
9. It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under ____________ (they) control.
10. Marx found ____________ important to get on well with others.
参考答案：
1. neither 2. it 3. something 4. none 5. it 6. its 7. whose 8. themselves 9. their 10. it
1：语法填空
1.We had fun and enjoyed (we) during the daytime.
2.I would appreciate very much if you can do me a favor.
3.Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
4.In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in ,knives and forks.
5.I’d appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
6.It’s an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do .
7.She’d lived in London and Manchester but she liked and moved to Cambridge.
8.At our factory there are a few machines similar to described in this magazine.
9.When he took his gloves off,I noticed that one had his name written inside.
10.I prefer the large box to the small .
参考答案：
1.ourselves 2.it 3.it 4.others 5.it 6.both 7.neither
8.those 9.each 10.one
2：短文改错
1.Of all the subjects I like English best.I had been learning them for eleven years.
2.John,my Spanish teacher,said, “Take easy;it is just a small quiz.”
3.Some of the houses have bathrooms but much do not.
4.It was the first time he felt he had achieved something by him.
5.Suzhou is not far from Shanghai,so you can easily visit all in a day.
6.Mrs Zhang,who is our new teacher,is so concerned about us that we are all fond of him.
7.Poor little Jack upset his stomach by eating too many rich food.
8.From there I saw the bull kicking my food bag with their feet.
9.In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in other,knives and forks.
10.At our factory there are a few machines similar to them described in this magazine.
参考答案：
1.them→it 2.在easy前加it 3.much→many 4.him→himself 5.all→both 6.him→her 7.many→much 8.their→its9.other→others 10.them→those
3：篇章训练
（A）
You may remember back at the start of December, 1 China carried out their unmanned Chang’e-5 mission and the spacecraft touched down on the moon to collect samples for research. Now it 2 (success) returned to the Earth. This is the most significant event in China’s space field, and also one of the most notable space 3 (activity) globally. Chang’e-5, 4 (launch) by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket early on Nov 24, is the nation’s 5 (large) and most complex lunar probe. It returned with 1,731 grams of lunar rock and soil to the Earth, 6 (mark) a historic accomplishment 44 years after the last lunar substances were taken back. The 23-day mission was China’s first space journey to claim extraterrestrial samples, making 7 the third country to accomplish the task, the first being the USA in the 1960’s and the second Soviet Union in the 1970’s.
The spacecraft 8 (enter) the Earth’s atmosphere at an altitude of around 120km. As soon as it was 10km above land, it released its parachute and landed smoothly in China’s Inner Mongolia. Now the spacecraft has been air lifted to Beijing where the samples 9 (examine) by scientists very soon.
The mission’s results will contribute 10 mankind’s deeper understanding of the moon’s origins and the evolution of the solar system.
参考答案：
1．考查定语从句。句意：你可能还记得去年12月初，中国执行了嫦娥五号无人驾驶任务，飞船着陆月球，采集样本用于研究。定语从句的先行词是the start of December，表示时间，且在定语从句中充当时间状语。故填when。
2．考查副词。句意：现在它成功地返回了地球。空处修饰动词returned，需要用副词。故填successfully。
3．考查名词。句意：这是中国航天领域最重大的事件，也是全球最引人注目的航天活动之一。根据one of可知空处应该用可数名词的复数形式。故填activities。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：嫦娥五号于11月24日凌晨由长征五号重型运载火箭发射升空，是中国最大、最复杂的月球探测器。空处的launch作定语，且与被修饰的Chang’e-5为被动关系，用过去分词。故填launched。
5．考查形容词最高级。句意：见上题。根据由and连接，并列的most complex lunar probe可知，空处需要用最高级。故填largest。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：它带回了1731克的月球岩石和土壤，在最后一批月球物质被带回44年后，这标志着一项历史性的成就。空处为结果状语，且与句子的主语It为主动关系，用现在分词。故填marking。
7．考查代词。句意：这次为期23天的任务是中国首次太空之旅获取外星样本，使中国成为第三个完成这项任务的国家，第一个是60年代的美国，第二个是70年代的苏联。空处需要用代词指代China。故填it。
8．考查谓语动词的时态。句意：宇宙飞船在大约120千米的高度进入地球大气层。表示发生在过去的动作，用一般过去时。故填entered。
9．考查谓语动词的时态。句意：现在宇宙飞船已经被空运到北京，那里的样本将很快被科学家检测。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据very soon可知要用一般将来时;且examine与samples为被动关系，用被动语态。故填will be examined。
10．考查介词。句意：这次任务的结果将有助于人类更深入地了解月球的起源和太阳系的演化。contribute to…为固定短语，意为“有助于……”。故填to。
（B）
I can't wait to tell you the decision my parents had just made. They plan to give birth to a second child. How excited it is! Being the only child in the family, most teenagers like I grow up lonely, that does harm to our psychological health. However, things will change from now on. I am going to have a sibling to play. I will help my parents looking after my sibling when he/she is born, ensuring that he/she grows up happy with love and affection all around. However, I am afraid that I know a little about how to take good care of a baby and how to set a good example to him/her. I want to get some advices from you but I am looking forward to your early reply.
参考答案：
1.第一句:had→have或去掉had 句意:我迫不及待地想告诉你我父母刚刚做出的决定。表达刚刚做出的决定,可以用现在完成时,也可以用一般过去时,表示发生在过去某个时间的事情。
2.第三句:excited→exciting 句意:这件事是多么令人激动啊!表达某事“令人激动的”要用形容词exciting。
3.第四句:I→me 此处表达:大多数像我这样的青少年都是在孤独中长大的。充当介词like的宾语,应该用宾格代词me。
4.第四句:that→which 逗号后是非限制性定语从句,不能用关系代词that引导,要用关系代词which引导。意为“这对我们的心理健康有害”。
5.第六句:在play后加with 句意:我将有一个兄弟姐妹和我一块玩了。play with sb.和某人一块玩。
6.第七句:looking→look 此处考查:help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事。
7.第七句:happy→happily 此处表达:确保他/她幸福地成长。应该用副词修饰动词词组grows up。
8.第八句:去掉little前的a 此处表达:可是,我害怕对如何照料一个小宝宝知道得不多。表示否定含义,应该用know little about sth.。
9.第九句:advices→advice 此处表达:我想得到你的一些建议。advice是不可数名词,不能用复数形式。
10.第九句:but→and 此处表达:并且我希望尽快得到你的回复。前后两句话在意思上是并列关系,应该用and连接。
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