专题47 语法填空综合强化24（各地名校最新模拟真题）-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空

这是一份专题47 语法填空综合强化24（各地名校最新模拟真题）-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空，共19页。试卷主要包含了 He made it， 考查定语从句， 考查名词复数， 考查非谓语动词， 考查介词， 考查冠词， 考查副词， 考查动词时态和语态等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022高考英语语法填空综合强化24
(各地名校最新高考模拟真题)
（2022·山东·潍坊一中模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If there were Grammy Awards for animals, the indri, a critically endangered species of animal in Madagascar, ___1___(definite) could be the winner — just because they are the few existent animals ___2___ musical rhythm.
Rhythm in animals has been a topic of discussion for scientists. “Only a few primate species sing, ___3___ they are precious resources in our search for the evolutionary origins of human musicality,” said Dr. Aniruddh of Tufts University.
Scientists from Madagascar invested up to 12 years in the forest ___4___ (record) songs of the 20 indri groups, and found the presence of rhythms featuring in human songs. Further analysis found both a 1:1 rhythm, where intervals (间隔) between sounds are the same ___5___(long) , and a 1:2 rhythm, meaning the second interval ___6___ (be) twice as long as the first one, present in the lemur's songs.
“If an indri had some sort of metronome (节拍器) in its head ___7___(go) ‘tac, tac, tac,’ then they would likely produce ___8___ we see. It’s so close to human music,” Dr. Aniruddh said.
This marks the first time that categorical rhythm ___9___ (find) in a nonhuman mammal. But it’s unknown whether human and indris’ ____10____(share) ear for music is the result of a common ancestor.
（2022·云南昆明·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient times, builders and ____11____ (architect) in Beijing relied on five colors to add life to their creations: red, yellow, blue, white, and gray. These colors were connected ____12____ five different elements: metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. The Chinese sage (圣贤) Laozi said that five colors make people blind, so in architectural art, it’s suggested that no more than three main colors should ____13____ (use) for a design; otherwise, it would look too busy. Then red, yellow and blue gradually ____14____ (become) the main colors in the Forbidden City.
Red, the color of fire and blood, has long been important in Chinese symbolism. Traditionally, red represents ____15____ (warm) and the highest amount of energy. The association of red with good fortune is the reason ____16____ the color red is important in weddings, New Years, and other important celebrations.
Yellow was another obvious color in old Beijing, ____17____ (stand) for the power of emperor. The Yellow Emperor is the mythological (神话的) forefather of the Chinese nation while archaeologists find the ____18____ (early) examples of Chinese civilization to the Yellow River Basin.
The color blue symbolized heaven and heavenly blessings with the best example of the rooftops of structures at the Temple of Heaven. ____19____ was discovered that blue had a unique sensitivity to light, and was the perfect color used _____20_____ (create) copies of drawings.
（2022·重庆市育才中学模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a cinematic work to explore the lives and passions of people at Tsinghua University, the documentary The Great Learning ___21___ (receive) widespread praise so far.
Sun Hong, Wang Jing and Ke Yongquan, all educated at the university, spent three years co-directing the film. “For most young people, their university years is a key period in their ___22___ (develop),” said Sun. “We have been curious about what universities can bring to their students and how ___23___ (plan) for their careers and their future will be influenced.” The directors have followed four students and teachers at Tsinghua University to show the college’s influence ___24___ their personal lives and careers. They are Yan Yunzhou, an undergraduate of computer science, Song Yuntian, a Ph. D．graduate ___25___ (struggle) with his career options, Cai Zheng, a young scientist ___26___ has returned from the USA to work at Tsinghua, and Qian Yi, a female professor still devoted to education in ___27___ (she) 80s.
“They are people who all have light in their eyes. I hope every one of us can discover the light in our lives ___28___ pursue our dreams,” said Sun. The film was ___29___ (original) launched as a project to mark the 110th anniversary of the founding of Tsinghua University. It also wishes ____30____ (reflect) Chinese intellectuals’ strong desire to serve the country and its people.
（2022·福建·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Celebrating Chinese New Year overseas is a completely different experience. Chinese New Year was ____31____ of the things I missed most about Singapore—the reunion of family ____32____ (member) whom we hadn’t seen for the last 364 days, the exchanging of gifts, the various colours and sounds that we so ____33____ (close) connect with this most Chinese of festivals.
This year, I helped my mother hang up an attractive ____34____ (decorate) of a giant dragon along the staircase. We wiped down the entire house together-the kitchen, the living room, light fittings, the entire lot. Aunts, uncles, cousins came around, ____35____ (enjoy) a massive meal and lazed in front of the TV for a couple of hours while the Chinese New Year variety shows were playing. We visited the temple on New Year’s morning to pay respects ____36____ our ancestors. We worked very hard in the weeks ____37____ (lead) up to the event.
This morning, a ____38____ (cheer) lion dance troupe (剧团) drove slowly past my local wet market. Old folks and their grandchildren stuck out their heads from windows, ____39____ (watch) the performance. It is this community spirit _____40_____ makes Chinese New Year what it is.
（2022·陕西西安·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese calligraphy has always fascinated me. My grandpa has been deeply invested in his calligraphy practice: getting up early in the morning to bike to ____41____ (class) and staying up late watching videos ____42____ (perfect) his skills. When he visited America, his four essential tools for calligraphy ____43____ (put) neatly in his suitcase. With just these instruments, the dining room tables would be covered with sheets upon sheets of his writing in just a few days. He would always make a small space on the table for me to put my book so we could be together despite ____44____ (do) separate deeds. As he wrote, I read— often peeking (偷看) over the book pages to watch him fill up the paper inch ____45____ inch.
One day, I ____46____ (curious) asked him to teach me. My grandpa was always so happy to teacher me because he wanted me to learn ____47____ many things as possible about my motherland’s culture.
When I was fifteen, my grandpa ____48____ (give) me one of my most ____49____ (treasure) gifts. He gifted me an incredible Chinese calligraphy scroll (卷轴): it was long and beautiful. Each morning I wake up to ____50____ scroll hung up in my bedroom: a symbol of my grandpa’s love and passion for life.
（2022·江西·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese President Xi Jinping ____51____ (official) declared the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics open at the National Stadium on Friday night. The Beijing Winter Olympics feature 109 events of 15 disciplines across seven sports. It will take place from February 4 to 20 in three competition ____52____ (zone) in downtown Beijing, Beijing’s northwest suburban district of Yanqing and Zhangjiakou in neighboring Hebei Province. Beijing, where the Summer Games ____53____ (hold) in 2008, is the first city in the world ____54____ (host) both editions of the Olympic Games. “China will do ____55____ (it) best to deliver to the world a streamlined, safe and splendid Games, and act on the Olympic motto ‘Faster, Higher, Stronger — Together,’” Xi said on Thursday when ____56____ (deliver) a video address at the opening ceremony of the 139th IOC session. From “One World, One Dream” in 2008 to “Together for a Shared Future” in 2022, China has taken ____57____ active part in the Olympic Movement and consistently championed the Olympic spirit, he said, noting that China has achieved its goal of engaging 300 million people in winter sports. According to official statistics, over 346 million Chinese people have participated ____58____ winter sports training, amateur or ____59____ (profession) competitions, or winter sports leisure activities, surpassing the goal of 300 million the government set in 2015 _____60_____ Beijing won the Olympic bid.
（2022·广西柳州·三模）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Did you ever wonder who invented Legos? When you learn about the Lego story, you will be ____61____ (surprise)! Like many great inventions, the story is not just one of great idea ___62___ one of hard work and determination. The story starts off in Denmark. Ole Kirk Christiansen was a carpenter, _____63_____ was having a hard time with business. To make matters ____64____ (bad), his wife, the mother of four kids, died. To make his kids happy and look for new ways to make money, he started to make wooden toys. His sons helped him with his business. He had expected that he toys _____65_____ (sell) well but the result was disappointing.
Ole thought his toys needed a new name, so he chose the name “Lego”, ____66____ (mean) “play well” in Danish. Soon his toys became popular. Unluckily, his workshop caught a big fire one day and burned ____67____the ground. Everything was destroyed! Ole almost gave up. But he knew his kids were relying on ____68____ (they) father for food. So he started to make plastic toys. He then got the idea ____69____ (develop) a “system” of toys that would build kids’ imagination and _____70_____ (create). He made it. He decided to stop making wooden toys and centre only on the connected plastic toys. Now kids around the world enjoy Lego toys.
（2022·海南·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beverly Cleary was the best-selling and award-winning author of dozens of books for children, ____71____ writing changed the world of children’s books by showing that stories about the lives of ordinary ____72____ (kid) could be interesting, funny, and popular.
As a child, she had trouble learning to read. Even after she learned to love reading, she still ____73____ (find) many books boring. She wanted to read funny books about children like herself.
When she grew up, she set out ____74____ (write) stories. Ms. Cleary worked hard to get children hooked on reading. When her son didn’t show much interest ____75____ books, she wrote The Mouse and the Motorcycle. The book tells the exciting story of ____76____ motorcycle-riding mouse and his friendship with a young boy. The book was a hit, and led to two more books ____77____ (star) Ralph S. Mouse.
But that sort of fantasy was unusual for Ms. Cleary, who ____78____ (usual) focused on real life, even when it involved serious problems.
Ms. Cleary kept writing until she was 83 and won almost every award for children’s books, ____79____ (include) the Newbery Medal and the National Book Award. Though Ms. Cleary is no longer with us, her characters and stories _____80_____ (love) and shared for years to come.

参考答案：
1．definitely
2．with
3．so
4．to record
5．length
6．is
7．going
8．what
9．has been found
10．shared
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了马达加斯加的一种濒临灭绝的动物——大狐猴。
1．
考查副词。句意：如果要为动物颁发格莱美奖，马达加斯加的一种濒临灭绝的动物大狐猴绝对是赢家——因为它们是少数存在的有音乐节奏的动物。此处修饰谓语could be，应用副词作状语。故填definitely。
2．
考查介词。句意：如果要为动物颁发格莱美奖，马达加斯加的一种濒临灭绝的动物大狐猴绝对是赢家——因为它们是少数存在的有音乐节奏的动物。根据句意可知，此处表示“具有”，应用介词with。故填with。
3．
考查连词。句意：“只有少数灵长类会唱歌，所以它们是我们研究人类音乐性进化起源的宝贵资源，”塔夫斯大学的阿尼鲁德博士说。根据句意可知，前后存在因果关系，应用并列连词so连接。故填so。
4．
考查非谓语动词。句意：来自马达加斯加的科学家们在森林中投入了长达12年的时间来记录20个大狐猴群的歌曲，并发现了人类歌曲中特有的节奏。此处表目的，应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to record。
5．
考查名词。句意：进一步分析发现，狐猴的歌声中既有1:1的节奏，即声音之间的间隔长度相同；也有1:2的节奏，即第二个间隔是第一个间隔的两倍长。根据空前the same (相同的)可知，此处应用不可数名词length，作表语。故填length。
6．
考查时态及主谓一致。句意：进一步分析发现，狐猴的歌声中既有1:1的节奏，即声音之间的间隔长度相同；也有1:2的节奏，即第二个间隔是第一个间隔的两倍长。根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，宾语从句主语是the second interval，单数，从句谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
7．
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果大狐猴的脑袋里有某种节拍器，发出‘嗒、嗒、嗒’的声音，那么它们很可能会发出我们理解的东西。从句中的谓语动词是had，此处应用非谓语动词，go与some sort of metronome是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词作宾补，表主动、进行。故填going。
8．
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：如果大狐猴的脑袋里有某种节拍器，发出‘嗒、嗒、嗒’的声音，那么它们很可能会发出我们理解的东西。此处是宾语从句，从句缺乏宾语，应用what引导，指代“我们理解的东西”，作see的宾语。故填what。
9．
考查时态和语态。句意：这标志着分类节律首次在非人类哺乳动物中被发现。the first time后面的从句，使用完成时，由marks可知，应用现在完成时，find与categorical rhythm是逻辑动宾关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，从句主语categorical rhythm单数，从句谓语单数形式。故填has been found。
10．
考查形容词。句意：但人类和大狐猴对音乐的共有的爱好是否源于共同的祖先，目前尚不清楚。根据语境可知，此处表示“对音乐的共有的爱好”，应用形容词shared“分享的，共有的”，作定语，修饰名词ear。故填shared。
11．architects
12．with##to
13．be used
14．became
15．warmth
16．why
17．standing
18．earliest
19．It
20．to create
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述古代北京城的建筑师们使用的颜色。
11．
考查名词。句意：在古代，北京城的建筑师们依靠五种颜色为他们的创作增添生气：红色、黄色、蓝色、白色和灰色。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查可数名词复数形式，表示泛指，和前面的名词builders并列作主语。故填architects。
12．
考查动词短语。句意：这些颜色和5种不同的元素有联系： 金，木，水，火，土。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语be connected with/to，表示“和……有联系”的意思。故填with/to。
13．
考查谓语动词。句意：中国圣贤老子说，五种颜色会使人盲目，所以在建筑艺术中，建议一个设计使用不超过三种主要颜色。根据句子结构可知，这里考查主语从句的谓语动词，根据句子意思可知，动词use和主语no more than three main colors是被动的关系，所以要用被动结构，空格前面有情态动词should，所以后面跟动词原形。故填be used。
14．
考查谓语动词。句意：后来，红色，黄色和蓝色渐渐变成了紫禁城里的主色。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查一般过去时的谓语动词。故填became。
15．
考查名词。句意：从传统上看，红色代表温暖和最大的能量。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词作宾语，表示“温暖”的意思，是不可数名词，所以用单数形式。故填warmth。
16．
考查定语从句。句意：红色和好运之间的联系就是为什么红色在婚礼，新年和其他重要的庆祝活动上重要的原因。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是reason，在从句中做原因状语。故填why。
17．
考查非谓语动词。句意：黄色是老北京另一种很明显的颜色，它代表了皇权。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查现在分词做后置定语，修饰名词color，是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填standing。
18．
考查形容词最高级。句意：黄帝是中华民族的神话祖先，而考古学家在黄河流域发现了最早的中国文明。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格前面有the修饰，所以考查形容词最高级，修饰后面的名词examples。故填earliest。
19．
考查代词。句意：人们发现，蓝色对光线有着独特的敏感性，而且是制作素描复制品的最佳颜色。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查代词it做形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的句子that blue had a unique sensitivity to light, and was the perfect color used 　　10　　 (create) copies of drawings。It is/was discovered…是固定句型，意思是“人们发现……”。故填It。
20．
考查固定搭配。句意：见第9题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配be used to do，表示“被用来做某事”的意思，这句话中used 　　10　　 (create) copies of drawings是做名词color的后置定语。故填to create。
21．has received
22．development
23．plans
24．on
25．struggling
26．who##that
27．her
28．and
29．originally
30．to reflect
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纪录片《大学》的拍摄者及拍摄对象的相关情况。
21．
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：作为一部探索清华大学学子生活和激情的电影作品，纪录片《大学》迄今为止获得了广泛好评。根据时间状语so far可知，此处时态应用现在完成时；又因主语the documentary The Great Learning为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has received。
22．
考查名词。句意：“对于大多数年轻人来说，大学时期是他们成长的关键时期，”孙说。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处前面由物主代词修饰，且表示抽象的概念，应用名词。故填development。
23．
考查名词复数。句意：我们一直很好奇大学能给学生带来什么，以及他们的职业规划和未来会受到什么影响。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，空处在宾语从句中作主语；plan作名词时，为可数名词，且其前没有冠词修饰，应用其复数形式表示泛指。故填plans。
24．
考查介词。句意：导演跟踪了清华大学的四名学生和老师，以展示大学对他们个人生活和职业生涯的影响。the influence on...为固定搭配，意为“对……的影响”。故填on。
25．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们是计算机科学专业的本科生严云洲，正为职业选择而苦苦挣扎的博士生宋云天，从美国回到清华工作的年轻科学家蔡铮，以及80多岁仍致力于教育事业的女教授钱毅。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词；且逻辑主语a Ph. D. graduate与动词struggle之间构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填struggling。
26．
考查定语从句。句意：他们是计算机科学专业的本科生严云洲，正为职业选择而苦苦挣扎的博士生宋云天，从美国回到清华工作的年轻科学家蔡铮，以及80多岁仍致力于教育事业的女教授钱毅。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是a young scientist，指人，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。
27．
考查代词。句意：他们是计算机科学专业的本科生严云洲，正为职业选择而苦苦挣扎的博士生宋云天，从美国回到清华工作的年轻科学家蔡铮，以及80多岁仍致力于教育事业的女教授钱毅。“in one’s +整十的基数词复数”为固定搭配，意为“在某人……岁的时候”。故填her。
28．
考查连词。句意：“他们都是眼中有光的人。我希望我们每一个人都能发现自己的人生之光，追求自己的梦想，”孙说。根据语境可知，谓语动词discover和pursue之间为并列关系。故填and。
29．
考查副词。句意：这部电影最初是为了纪念清华大学建校110周年而推出的。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词launch，应用副词。故填originally。
30．
考查非谓语动词。句意：它也希望反映中国知识分子为国家和人民服务的强烈愿望。wish to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“希望做某事”。故填to reflect。
31．one
32．members
33．closely
34．decoration
35．enjoyed
36．to
37．to lead
38．cheerful
39．watching
40．that
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己在今年中国农历新年的庆祝活动。
31．
考查固定短语。句意：春节是我对新加坡最怀念的事情之一——过去364天里没有见面的家人团聚，交换礼物，与这个大多数中国人的节日紧密相连的颜色和声音。根据句意此处用one of+可数名词复数表示“……之一”，故填one。
32．
考查名词的数。句意同上，此处泛指多个家庭成员，用可数名词复数形式，故填members。
33．
考查副词。句意同上，修饰动词connect用副词，表示程度深，故填closely。
34．
考查名词。句意：今年，我帮妈妈在楼梯上挂了一条巨龙的装饰。空前的不定冠词an表明此处用可数名词单数作宾语，故填decoration。
35．
考查时态。句意：叔叔婶婶、堂兄弟姐妹都来了，我们一起吃年夜饭，说说笑笑地看春节特别节目。根据came around 和lazed 可知，and连接三个过去的动作并列作谓语，故填enjoyed。
36．
考查固定短语。句意：我们在大年初一的早晨去寺庙祭拜祖先。pay respects to ancestors，祭祖，故填to。
37．
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了这个活动，我们几周前就开始做准备。此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to lead。
38．
考查形容词。句意：今天早上，一个热闹的舞狮团缓缓路过我当地的集市。此处缺少形容词修饰名词短语lion dance troupe，故填cheerful。
39．
考查非谓语动词。句意：老人和他们的孙辈们从窗户伸出头来观看演出。此处作伴随状语，Old folks and their grandchildren与watch之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，故填watching。
40．
考察强调句型。句意：正是这种社区精神使中国的新年拥有了现在的氛围。去掉It is和空处，句子成分仍然完整，因此此处为强调句型：it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分，本句强调的是主语this community spirit，故填that。
41．classes
42．to perfect
43．were put
44．doing
45．by
46．curiously
47．as
48．gave
49．treasured
50．the
【解析】
【导语】
本文是记叙文。作者的爷爷酷爱书法，他也教作者学习书法，希望作者能了解更多祖国的文化。
41．
考查名词复数。句意：我的爷爷在书法练习上投入了大量的精力：早上早起骑车去上课，为了练好书法，他还会熬夜看视频。 class 此处意为“课、课程”，是可数名词，且此处应该用复数泛指。故填 classes。
42．
考查动词不定式。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，空格处与上文的 to bike 结构一样，说明爷爷熬夜看视频的目的是精进自己的书法技能，所以用动词不定式来表目的。故填 to perfect。
43．
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：当他访问美国时，他四件重要的书法工具整齐地放在他的手提箱里。 分析句式结构可知，put 和 tools 之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填 were put。
44．
考查动名词。句意：他总是在桌子上留出一小块地方让我放我的书，这样我们就可以在一起，尽管我们做的事情不同。分析句式结构可知，空格前的 despite 是介词，其后需要跟名词或动名词形式作宾语。故填 doing。
45．
考查固定短语。句意：他练字的时候，我看书——我经常翻着书页，看他一寸一寸地把练字纸写满。分析句意可知，此处用短语 inch by inch 表示“一点一点地，一寸一寸地”。常见类似的短语还有：step by step一步一步地；day by day一天一天地；one by one一个接一个地。故填 by。
46．
考查副词。句意：有一天，我好奇地请他教我。分析句式结构可知，此处需要用副词来修饰句子的谓语动词 asked，故填 curiously。
47．
考查固定短语。句意：爷爷总是很高兴地教我，因为他想让我学习尽可能多的关于祖国文化的知识。分析句意可知，此处用固定短语 as many…… as possible 表示学习“尽可能多的”关于中国文化的知识，符合语境，故填as。
48．
考查一般过去时。句意：我十五岁的时候，爷爷给了我一件最珍贵的礼物。根据上文中的“When I was fifteen(当我15岁时)”可知，本句所谈的是过去发生的事情，故此处需要用一般过去时。故填 gave。
49．
考查形容词。句意：同上。根据空格后的名词 gifts 可知，此处需要填一个形容词来修饰名词，所以用形容词 treasured 表示“珍贵的”。故填 treasured。
50．
考查冠词。句意：每天早上醒来，我都会看到挂在卧室里的卷轴：它象征着爷爷对生活的热爱和热情。空格后的 scroll 指上文爷爷送给“我”的卷轴，因为在文中第二次被提到，所以应该用定冠词表特指。故填 the。
51．officially
52．zones
53．were held
54．to host
55．its
56．delivering
57．an
58．in
59．professional
60．when
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了周五晚上，中国国家主席习近平在国家体育场正式宣布北京2022年冬奥会开幕。
51．
考查副词。句意：周五晚上，中国国家主席习近平在国家体育场正式宣布北京2022年冬奥会开幕。修饰动词declared，需用副词作状语。故填officially。
52．
考查名词复数。句意：比赛将于2月4日至20日在北京市中心、北京西北郊区延庆和河北省张家口三个赛区举行。zone为可数名词，结合空前的“three”可知，此处应填名词复数形式。故填zones。
53．
考查动词语态。句意：北京是2008年夏季奥运会的举办地，也是世界上第一个同时举办两届奥运会的城市。根据时间状语“in 2008”可知，此处为一般过去时，主语the Summer Games和hold为被动关系，主语为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were held。
54．
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。名词city前有the first修饰，空处需填动词不定式作后置定语。故填to host。
55．
考查代词。句意：“中国将秉承‘更快、更高、更强——一起’的奥林匹克格言，努力为世界提供一届简洁、安全、精彩的奥运会。”习近平星期四在第二十四届冬季奥运会开幕式上发表视频讲话时说。do one’s best表示“尽最大努力”。故填its。
56．
考查省略句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略了从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是“when he was delivering a video address at the opening ceremony of the 139th IOC session.”，省略了he was。故填delivering。
57．
考查冠词。句意：从2008年的“同一个世界，同一个梦想”到2022年的“共同命运”，中国积极参与奥林匹克运动，始终倡导奥林匹克精神，实现了3亿人参与冬季运动的目标。take an active part in为固定短语，表示“积极参加”。故填an。
58．
考查介词。句意：据官方统计，中国有超过3.46亿人参加了冬季运动训练、业余或专业比赛或冬季运动休闲活动，超过了2015年北京申奥时设定的3亿人的目标。participate in为固定短语，意为“参加”。故填in。
59．
考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词competitions，需用形容词作定语。故填professional。
60．
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词in 2015，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。
61．surprised
62．but
63．who
64．worse
65．would sell
66．meaning
67．to
68．their
69．to develop
70．creativity
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了乐高积木发明的故事。
61．
考查形容词。句意：当你了解到乐高的故事时，你会大吃一惊的！be动词后面需加形容词作表语，此处表示“惊讶的”，应用形容词surprised。故填surprised。
62．
考查连词。句意：像许多伟大的发明一样，这个故事不仅仅是一个伟大的想法，而是一个艰苦的工作和决心的故事。not…but…为固定短语，表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。
63．
考查定语从句。句意：Ole Kirk Christiansen是一个木匠，生意上遇到了困难。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词a carpenter(木匠)，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。
64．
考查固定短语。句意：更糟糕的是，他的妻子，四个孩子的母亲去世了。to make matters worse为固定短语，意为“更糟糕的是”。故填worse。
65．
考查动词时态。句意：他原以为他的玩具会卖得很好，但结果令人失望。结合句意“他原以为他的玩具会卖得很好”可知，此处表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作，应该使用过去将来时。故填would sell。
66．
考查非谓语动词。句意：Ole认为他的玩具需要一个新名字，所以他选择了“乐高”这个名字，在丹麦语中意思是“玩得好”。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词“Lego”，mean(意味着)和“Lego”为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填meaning。
67．
考查介词。句意：不幸的是，有一天，他的作坊失火，被夷为平地。burn to the ground为固定短语，意为“被烧成平地”。故填to。
68．
考查代词。句意：但他知道他的孩子们要靠父亲养活。修饰名词father需用形容词性物主代词their，做定语，表示“他们的”。故填their。
69．
考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，他萌生了开发一套玩具“系统”的想法，可以培养孩子们的想象力和创造力。空处修饰名词the idea(主意)作后置定语，表示“将要发生”，且idea和develop(开发)二者之间是主动关系，所以此处需用动词不定式作定语。故填to develop。
70．
考查名词。句意：然后，他萌生了开发一套玩具“系统”的想法，可以培养孩子们的想象力和创造力。空处和名词imagination(想象力)并列，需填名词creativity(创造力)作宾语，此处表抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填creativity。
71．whose
72．kids
73．found
74．to write
75．in
76．a
77．starring
78．usually
79．including
80．will be loved
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名儿童书籍作家贝弗利·克利里的成长经历和成就。
【详解】
1. 考查定语从句。句意：贝弗利·克利里是最畅销和获奖的儿童书籍作家，她的作品改变了儿童书籍的世界，证明了关于普通儿童生活的故事也可以是有趣的、有趣的和受欢迎的。分析句子可知，“_________writing changed the world of children’s books by showing that stories about the lives of ordinary_______(kid) could be interesting, funny, and popular.”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Beverly Cleary，指人，空处作定语，修饰名词writing(作品)，意思是“贝弗利·克利里的作品”，应使用具有所属关系的关系代词whose引导该定语从句。故填whose。
2. 考查名词复数。句意：贝弗利·克利里是最畅销和获奖的儿童书籍作家，她的作品改变了儿童书籍的世界，证明了关于普通儿童生活的故事也可以是有趣的、有趣的和受欢迎的。根据句意可知，此处泛指所有普通小孩的生活，名词kid(小孩)应用复数形式。故填kids。
3. 考查动词时态。句意：即使在她学会喜欢阅读之后，她仍然觉得很多书很无聊。分析句子可知，空处在主句中做谓语，根据句意可知，句子描述的是过去的情况，应该用一般过去时，所以find(发现)应用过去式。故填found。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：长大后，她开始写故事。set out to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“开始做某事”，用不定式作宾语。故填to write。
5. 考查介词。句意：当她的儿子对书不感兴趣时，她写了《老鼠和摩托车》。show interest in为固定搭配，“对……感兴趣”。故填in。
6. 考查冠词。句意：这本书讲述了一只骑摩托车的老鼠和它跟一个小男孩的友谊的激动人心的故事。可数名词mouse(老鼠)在句中表示“一只老鼠”，泛指，前面应使用不定冠词，又因空格后单词motorcycle-riding(骑摩托车的)发音不是以元音音素开头，所以应使用不定冠词a。故填a。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书大获成功，之后又有两本书由Ralph S. Mouse担任主角。分析句子可知，动词star(由……担任主角)作后置定语修饰名词books，是非谓语动词，二者之间是主动关系，表示“由Ralph S. Mouse担任主角”，所以应用现在分词，表示主动。故填starring。
8. 考查副词。句意：但这种幻想对克利里来说是不寻常的，她通常关注现实生活，即使涉及到严重的问题。此处应用副词作状语修饰动词focused(关注)，应用副词形式usually，意为“通常”。故填usually。
9. 考查介词。句意：克利里一直写作到83岁，几乎获得了所有儿童图书奖，包括纽伯瑞奖和国家图书奖。根据句意可知，此处是指奖项包括the Newbery Medal和the National Book Award，故填介词including，意为“包括”。故填including。
10. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：虽然克利里女士已经离开了我们，但在未来的岁月里，她笔下的人物和故事仍将会受到大家的喜爱和分享。分析句子可知，空处在是主句的谓语，动词love(喜爱)与主语her characters and stories(她笔下的人物和故事)之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语for years to come(在未来的岁月里)，应使用一般将来时态。综上，谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be loved。