专题32 语法填空综合强化09（各地名校最新模拟真题）-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空

这是一份专题32 语法填空综合强化09（各地名校最新模拟真题）-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空，共25页。
2022高考英语语法填空综合强化09
(各地名校最新高考模拟真题)
（2022·四川·巴中市教育科学研究所一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the Tokyo Summer Olympics behind us, people are turning their eyes to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Game. Freestyle skier Gu Ailing, 18, seems to be one of the ____1____(superstar)of the event.
____2____(bear)to an American father and a Chinese mother, Gu decided to compete ____3____ China in the 2022 Winter Olympics in June 2019. Just two months later, she bagged her ____4____(one)gold medal for China at the Australia New Zealand Cup. Her strength continued to grow as she won one bronze and two gold medals in March.
People say she is ____5____(talent). But Gu says that talent counted for “only 1percent" of her wins, adding that her hard work is ____6____ counts. While going to school in San Francisco, Gu could only practice on weekends. She spent eight hours going to the ski hill and back, doing her homework on the way and making full use of her time at the hill ____7____(practice)skiing.
Gu said she wants to encourage more girls in China to try skiing and other extreme sports, many of which have only been known there for 20 years, according to the Olympics website. She said skiing gives her freedom and creativity, ____8____ (especial)when she perfectly controls her body and does tricks that others cannot do.
Now she ____9____(prepare)for the Winter Olympics as a full-time athlete. “Of course I want to win medals and even golds,” Gu said. "But what's more important is to bring out ____10____ own style, enjoy the game and love the sport.”
（2022·安徽马鞍山·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The United States wastes nearly 40 million tons of food every year, which ____11____ (be) about 30—40 percent of the entire US food supply. Wasting food has consequences: it wastes the water and energy it took to produce it, ____12____ generates greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide, which contribute____13____ global warming. The production of ____14____ (waste) food in the United States is equal to the greenhouse emissions of 37 million cars. If Americans continue on the same path of food loss, the____15____ (environment) impact could be disastrous.
If reducing food insecurity and saving the planet aren't enough ____16____ (inspire) action to reduced food waste, perhaps one more good reason will, money. According to the nonprofit organization Feeding America, the average American family of four throws out $1,600 a year in produce. Multiply that by the typical 18 years that a child lives at home and you could ____17____ (easy) pay for a year's worth of tuition at any America's private college or university.
The good news is____18____ several states across the country are taking action to control food waste. California, New York, and Vermont have passed laws that restrict the amount of food waste going to landfills. Vernmont's “Universal Recycling Law” ____19____ (go) into effect in July 2020. As a result of the new law, food_____20_____ (donation) statewide have increased by 40 percent.
（2021·四川·内江市教育科学研究所一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese carmakers are taking the lead in developing the intelligent cockpit (驾驶座舱),____21____ is becoming a key part of the modern driving experience.
Intelligent cockpits combine smart technologies with ____22____ (vary) driving functions, such as voice recognition for vehicle commands and the entertainment and navigation (导航) systems.
According to a report ____23____ (publish) by patent research firm PatSnap last week, globally there have been 193, 000 patent applications related ____24____ intelligent cockpits.
Of those, China owns 82, 300 applications, accounting for 42.56 percent of the total and ____25____ (rank) first worldwide. It means that the country has become the ____26____ (much) important market for intelligent cockpit technology, according to the report.
Japan ranks ____27____ (two) with 31, 900 patent applications and the United States follows with 19, 300. The patent applications of the top three nations account for around 70 percent of the total.
A representative from PatSnap has said the three countries represent the development trend of the automobile industry to a certain degree as they ____28____ (be) the three largest auto producers worldwide.
It can ____29____ (see) that under the global trend of autonomous, connected, electric and shared vehicles, the intelligent cockpit has become one of the vital development ______30______ (direction) of the future of mobility, the report said.
（2022·湖南省祁阳县第一中学二模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s Shenzhou-13 crew members Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu livestreamed (直播) a science lecture from the country’s space station on December 9, 2021.
At the beginning of the class, Wang, the first female astronaut to enter China’s space station, ____31____ (give) the students a tour of their living and working areas with the assistance of her two male crewmates. She showed their bedrooms, the toilet, a ____32____ (full) functional kitchen, the area where they conduct experiments, and their fitness equipment, a spin bike ____33____ (include).
After the tour, they demonstrated several scientific ____34____ (experiment) under zero-gravity conditions. First, Ye demonstrated experiments related to the ____35____ (grow) of cells in the weightless environment in space. Ye and Wang demonstrated and explained ____36____ astronauts cannot walk in space like they did on the ground ____37____ how angular momentum (角动量) helps them turn around in zero gravity. ____38____ team also conducted an experiment to show how lack of gravity causes loss in buoyancy (浮力).
At the end of the class, ____39____ (satisfy) students’ curiosity, the three astronauts conducted a real time question-and-answer session. “The secrets of space and science are boundless, and the future is _____40_____ (you) ”, said Zhai, commander of the Shenzhou-13 mission.
（2022·山西吕梁·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Little Prince is ____41____ children’s fantasy book which ____42____ (write) and illustrated by the French writer Antoine de Saint-Exupery during World War Ⅱ, but it is also enjoyed by adults.
It mainly tells a story about a lonely prince ____43____ (come) from another planet. The little prince meets a pilot ____44____ has crashed in the desert and the two become friends. The book talks about the importance of looking beneath the surface of things ____45____ (uncover) their real meanings. I like it because it has made me think a lot about life and death, love and responsibility, friendship and ____46____ (lonely). One of the most ____47____ (memory) characters in the book is a rose, which the little prince fell in love with. I am really touched by the line—“It’s the time you spend on your rose that ____48____ (make) your rose so important.”—because it shows how we form special bonds with others by caring and taking responsibility for them.
____49____ (personal), I think it is a touching book suitable for people _____50_____ all ages.
（2021·上海嘉定·模拟预测）Directions: After reading the passage below; fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
How Quality Sleep Protects Your Brain
Having trouble thinking creatively? Not able to focus on tasks that need to get done? Poor sleep could potentially be _____51_____（blame）. It turns out lack of sleep can do a number on your brain—and not just in the short term.
Research suggests not getting enough quality sleep can have serious permanent negative consequences. On the other hand, good sleep habits can have lasting benefits. Below are three research-backed brain benefits of sleep.
Stimulates creativity
Thinking in new, imaginative ways requires a well-rested brain. On the contrary, a brain _____52_____（suffer）from a lack of sleep is unable to think creatively.
A study _____53_____（report）in the journal Nature bears this out. For the study, participants learned a task _____54_____ they had to recognize a hidden pattern in the questions they were asked. Their initial training _____55_____（follow）by eight hours of nighttime sleep or wakefulness or daytime wakefulness.
More than twice as many participants gained insight into the hidden rule after sleep as those who did after wakefulness, regardless of the time of day. The researchers concluded that "sleep, by restructuring new memory representations, _____56_____（facilitate）obtaining of expressive knowledge and insightful behavior.”
Reduces depression
Often influenced by chemical imbalances in the brain, depression and sleep problems go hand-in-hand. People with depression may either have a hard time sleeping or else get too much sleep.
While it's not clear _____57_____ lack of sleep causes depression, it can worsen it. Studies show people who sleep fewer than six or more than nine hours a night are more likely to be depressed than those _____58_____between.
Solidifies memories
One of sleep's main functions is to help improve memory. It does this by enabling the brain to strengthen some neural pathways（神经通路） _____59_____ reducing those it doesn't need. For example, your brain ______60______（not need）to keep every sensory impression collected during your waking hours.
（2022·浙江省桐庐中学模拟预测）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Not long ago, an article, entitled One Day In Space by China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei, was included in the Chinese textbook. Reading ____61____article, many people are ____62____(true) astonished at Yang’s courage. Yang was 38 when he made the trip to space on Oct.15, 2003, ____63____(make) China the third country — after the US and Russia —____64____(master) manned space capabilities.
In his article, Yang recalled several breathtaking moments when back alive. When an incident happened, the pain grew ____65____(bear). The near-deadly moment lasted for 26 seconds ____66____it was finally over. Yang also described what the earth, his country, and his city looked like from space.
Since Yang’s first trip to space, a number of technologies ____67____(apply) to the spacecraft, including space Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, smart home applications, and ____68____(variety) of space foods. Just as Yang put____69____, he “envied” a lot that his fellow spacemen have such comfortable space accommodations, _____70_____shows how China’s space program has grown.
（2021·河北衡水中学模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The advance of technology in our lives has been kind of stopped in New York City. Up to now, lawmakers ____71____ (pass) a bill to ban cashless businesses. With many parts of the world going through a seemingly relentless (持续强烈的) drive to replace cash ____72____ plastic or digital payments, New York City officials have decided cash still has a ____73____ (value) part to play in our lives. Officials have approved legislation (立法) that forbids stores and restaurants from refusing ____74____ (accept) cash.They want to make shopping easier for people ____75____ (prefer) to pay via traditional means, through notes and coins, ____76____ means businesses in the city will no longer be able to require that ____77____ (customer) make use of cashless payment methods.
Businesses that break the new regulation could face heavy fines of up to $ 1,500 for each offense (违法行为). Critics of cashless businesses say they discriminate (歧视) against people who are much ____78____ (poor) than others. Many of them do not have bank accounts or credit cards. One citizen said, “I worry about the real—world discriminatory effect cashless businesses can have on New Yorkers, ____79____ (especial) in communities of color.” Many people also think _____80_____ is unfair not to accept cash because some people can’t get credit.
（2021·江苏省昆山中学二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A ban on distracted walking
You can‘t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies (僵尸)”.
They are too absorbed in their screen____81____(watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident ____82____ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.
Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those ____83____ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to$ 100.
Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban ____84____ is called “distracted walking”. It comes after a study found there ____85____ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.
To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city ____86____ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”
Under the fine systems ____87____ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.
The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians ____88____ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.
If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid ____89____ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait ____90____ you are again, safely, off the street.
（2021·上海普陀·一模）Directions: After reading the passage below; fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Billionaires Race to Space
In late July 2021, Jeff Bezos achieved an out-of-this-world ambition. The billionaire founder of Amazon ____91____ (fly) to the edge of space—62 miles (100 kilometers) above Earth’s surface—on a rocket designed by his company Blue Origin.
“Best day ever,” Bezos said over the radio to mission control after landing safely back on Earth, ____92____others weren’t so impressed. They called the mission an enormous waste of money. Bezos, they argued, ____93____be spending his billions to improve things on Earth.
Bezos wasn’t the first billionaire to set his sights on space. Nor was he the first ____94____ (criticize) about wasting enormous personal wealth. A week ____95____the Amazon founder made history, business owner Richard Branson did, too. Branson became the first person to fly to space on a rocket he helped fund, ____96____ (develop) by his company Virgin Galactic.
Critics say that the money ____97____ (go) toward commercial space travel would be better spent on ____98____they see as more important pursuits. These include working to cure diseases, reducing poverty, and helping to solve the climate crisis. Besides, launching spacecrafts is harmful to the planet, critics declare. ____99____naturalist Holly Haworth pointed out in Sierra magazine, “traveling in rockets is arguably the most carbon-emitting thing an individual can do.”
But supporters of commercial space travel argue that it does benefit humanity. Personal funds _____100_____ (put) toward high-paying jobs and a new industry. That’s money they could have spent on new limousines or villas for themselves, supporters say. Plus, their companies are investing in new technologies that increase access to space and drive innovation in other areas as well.

参考答案：
1．superstars
2．Born
3．for
4．first
5．talented
6．what
7．to practice
8．especially
9．is preparing
10．my
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了18岁的自由式滑雪运动员谷爱凌的相关信息。
1．
考查名词。句意：18岁的自由式滑雪运动员谷爱凌似乎是该项目的超级明星之一。本句中使用了“one of the+可数名词复数”的结构，表示“……之一”，设空处需填可数名词复数。故填superstars。
2．
考查非谓语动词。句意：谷爱凌的母亲是中国人，父亲是美国人，她在2019年6月作出决定，代表中国参加2022年冬奥会。短语be born to表示“为……所生”，分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入非谓语形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Born。
3．
考查介词。句意为：谷爱凌的母亲是中国人，父亲是美国人，她在2019年6月作出决定，代表中国参加2022年冬奥会。短语compete for表示“代表……参赛”。故填for。
4．
考查序数词。句意：仅仅两个月后，她在澳大利亚-新西兰杯上为中国获得了她的第一枚金牌。根据句意可知，此处表示“第一枚”，应用序数词。故填first。
5．
考查形容词。句意：人们说她很有天赋。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作表语，talent的形容词是talented，表示“有天赋的”。故填talented。
6．
考查表语从句连接词。句意：但谷爱凌说，在她的胜利中，天赋只占“百分之一”，并补充说，她的努力才是最重要的。分析句子可知，设空处引导表语从句，并在从句中作主语，指代事物，用连接代词what。故填what。
7．
考查非谓语动词。句意：她花了八个小时往返于滑雪场，在路上做作业，并充分利用在滑雪场的时间练习滑雪。make full use of one’s time to do sth.为固定结构，表示“充分利用某人的时间做某事”。故填to practice。
8．
考查副词。句意：她说滑雪给了她自由和创造力，尤其是当她完美地控制自己的身体，做别人做不到的动作时。分析句子可知，设空处修饰后面的从句，应用副词形式。故填especially。
9．
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：现在她正以全职运动员的身份为冬季奥运会做准备。根据句首的时间副词“Now现在”可知，本句应用现在进行时，主语为she，故填is preparing。
10．
考查代词。句意：但更重要的是展现我自己的风格，享受比赛，热爱这项运动。my own表示“我自己的”，符合句意。故填my。
【点睛】
11．is
12．and
13．to
14．wasted
15．environmental
16．to inspire
17．easily
18．that
19．went
20．donations
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国的食物浪费问题严重以及一些州为控制食物浪费所采取的行动。
11．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：美国每年浪费近4000万吨食物，约占美国全部食物供应的30%到40%。根据上文every year可知应用一般现在时，且此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词nearly 40 million tons of food，从句中谓语应用单数形式。故填is。
12．
考查连词。句意：浪费食物会造成后果：它浪费了生产所需的水和能源，并产生甲烷和二氧化碳等温室气体，导致全球变暖。结合前后文语境可知此处generate与waste为并列谓语，应用连词and。故填and。
13．
考查固定短语。句意：浪费食物会造成后果：它浪费了生产所需的水和能源，并产生甲烷和二氧化碳等温室气体，导致全球变暖。结合句意表示“导致”可知短语为contribute to。故填to。
14．
考查形容词。句意：美国浪费食物的产量相当于3700万辆汽车的温室气体排放量。修饰后文名词food应用形容词wasted。故填wasted。
15．
考查形容词。句意：如果美国人继续走粮食浪费的老路，对环境的影响将是灾难性的。修饰后文名词impact应用形容词environmental，作定语。故填environmental。
16．
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果减少粮食不安全和拯救地球还不足以激励人们采取行动减少粮食浪费，或许还有一个更好的理由，那就是钱。表示“足以做某事”短语为be enough to do sth.。故填to inspire。
17．
考查副词。句意：将这个数字乘以一个孩子在家里生活的18年，你就可以轻松地支付美国任何一所私立学院或大学一年的学费。修饰动词pay应用副词easily，作状语。故填easily。
18．
考查表语从句。句意：好消息是，全国有几个州正在采取行动控制食物浪费。引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，用只起连接作用的that引导。故填that。
19．
考查时态。句意：弗蒙特的“普遍回收法”于2020年7月生效。根据后文in July 2020可知应用一般过去时。故填went。
20．
考查名词的数。句意：由于这项新法律，全州的食品捐赠增加了40%。donation为可数名词，根据后文have increased by 40 percent可知应用复数形式。故填donations。
21．which
22．various##varied
23．published
24．to
25．ranking
26．most
27．second
28．are##have been
29．be seen
30．directions
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。报道了中国汽车制造商在开发智能座舱方面处于世界领先地位，智能座舱正成为现代驾驶体验的重要组成部分。
21．
考查定语从句。句意：中国汽车制造商在开发智能座舱方面处于领先地位，智能座舱正成为现代驾驶体验的重要组成部分。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the intelligent cockpit，关系代词which引导从句，在从句中作主语，指代事物。故填which。
22．
考查形容词。句意：智能驾驶舱将智能技术与多种驾驶功能结合在一起，比如车辆命令的语音识别、娱乐和导航系统。根据后文名词functions可知，此处应用形容词various或varied作定语修饰名词。故填various/varied。
23．
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据专利研究公司PatSnap上周发布的一份报告，全球有19.3万件与智能驾驶舱内相关的专利申请。非谓语动词publish和所修饰的名词report之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填published。
24．
考查介词。句意：根据专利研究公司PatSnap上周发布的一份报告，全球有19.3万件与智能驾驶舱内相关的专利申请。relate to“与……有关”是固定搭配。故填to。
25．
考查非谓语动词。句意：其中，中国有82,300人申请，占总数的42.56%，位居世界第一。非谓语动词rank和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，和前文accounting并列。故填ranking。
26．
考查最高级。句意：报告称，这意味着中国已成为智能座舱技术最重要的市场。根据句意可知，此处用most构成形容词important的最高级。故填most。
27．
考查序数词。句意：日本以31,900件专利申请排名第二，美国以19,300件紧随其后。根据句意可知，此处应用序数词表示“排名第二”。故填second。
28．
考查时态。句意：PatSnap的一位代表表示，这三个国家在一定程度上代表了汽车行业的发展趋势，因为它们是（已经成为）世界上最大的三个汽车生产商。根据句意可知，此处描述现在事实，故可用一般现在时；也可用现在完成时，表示过去的状态对现在的影响，意为“已经成为”。主语为复数，故填are/have been。
29．
考查被动语态。句意：报告称，可以看出，在自动驾驶、互联、电动和共享汽车的全球趋势下，智能座舱已成为未来移动的重要发展方向之一。谓语动词see和主语（it为形式主语，替代后面that引导的主语从句）之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，情态动词后接动词原形。故填be seen。
30．
考查名词复数。句意：报告称，可以看出，在自动驾驶、互联、电动和共享汽车的全球趋势下，智能座舱已成为未来移动的重要发展方向之一。根据前文one of可知，此处应用可数名词direction的复数形式。故填directions。
31．gave
32．fully
33．included
34．experiments
35．growth
36．why
37．and
38．The
39．to satisfy
40．yours
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2021年12月9日，中国神舟13号机组成员在国家空间站进行科学讲座的事情。
31．
考查时态。句意：在课程开始时，王亚平是第一位进入中国空间站的女宇航员，她在两名男宇航员的帮助下，让学生们参观了他们的生活和工作区域。由上文时间状语on December 9, 2021可知，谓语动词give用一般过去时，表示动作已发生。故填gave。
32．
考查副词。句意：她展示了他们的卧室、卫生间、功能齐全的厨房、他们进行实验的区域，以及他们的健身设备，其中包括一辆旋转自行车。此处用副词fully作状语，修饰形容词functional。故填fully。
33．
考查过去分词。句意：她展示了他们的卧室、卫生间、功能齐全的厨房、他们进行实验的区域，以及他们的健身设备，其中包括一辆旋转自行车。主句已有谓语showed且无连词，动词include用非谓语形式，逻辑主语a spin bike与动词include是动宾关系，用过去分词形式形容词included (包括在内的)表被动，做后置定语。故填included。
34．
考查名词的数。句意：参观结束后，他们在零重力条件下演示了几项科学实验。experiment是可数名词，由several修饰，用其名词复数形式。故填experiments。
35．
考查名词。句意：首先，叶光富展示了与太空失重环境中细胞生长相关的实验。the 　　5　　 (grow) of cells是名词所有格结构，用抽象名词growth。故填growth。
36．
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：叶光富和王亚平演示并解释了为什么宇航员不能像在地面上那样在太空中行走，以及角动量如何帮助他们在零重力下转动。谓语动词explain后接宾语从句，该空在从句中做原因状语，用连接副词why。故填why。
37．
考查连词。句意：叶光富和王亚平演示并解释了为什么宇航员不能像在地面上那样在太空中行走，以及角动量如何帮助他们在零重力下转动。前后两句是并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。
38．
考查冠词。句意：该团队还进行了一项实验，以证明缺乏重力是如何导致浮力损失的。此处特指“由翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富三人组成的团队”，用定冠词the表特指，首字母大写。故填The。
39．
考查动词不定式。句意：课程结束时，为了满足学生的好奇心，三名宇航员进行了实时问答。此处用动词不定式（to do）做目的状语。故填to satisfy。
40．
考查代词。句意：“太空和科学的秘密是无限的，未来是你的，”神舟13号任务指挥官翟志刚说。此处指“未来是你们的未来”，用名词性物主代词yours指代“你们的未来”作表语。故填yours。
41．a
42．was written
43．coming
44．who##that
45．to uncover
46．loneliness
47．memorable
48．makes
49．Personally
50．of
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《小王子》这本书以及作者对这部作品的感想。
41．
考查冠词。句意：《小王子》是一本儿童故事书，是由法国作家Antoine de Saint-Exupery在二战时期所写。根据句子分析可知，book为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一本儿童故事书”，故要用不定冠词限定，又因空格后单词children是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an限定，故填a。
42．
考查动词语态。句意：《小王子》是一本儿童故事书，是由法国作家Antoine de Saint-Exupery在二战时期所写。分析句子可知，关系代词which引导定语从句，指代先行词book，在从句中作主语，提示词write是从句中谓语动词，与主语which (book)之间为被动关系，再结合下文的时间状语during world war Ⅱ可知，应用一般过去时被动语态，可知答案为was written。
43．
考查非谓语动词。句意：它主要讲述一个来自另外一个星球的孤独的王子的故事。根据句子分析可知，come在句子中做a lonely prince的定语，且a lonely prince与come构成主动关系，故用现在分词表主动，故填coming。
44．
考查定语从句。句意：这个小王子遇到了一个落难在沙漠的宇航员，他们成为了朋友。根据句子分析可知，pilot为先行词，指人，后跟限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，故用who或者that引导该定语从句，故填who/that。
45．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书主要讲述探索事物表面以下东西的重要性是为了揭露它们真正的意义。根据句意可知，“(uncover) their real meanings”是“looking beneath the surface of things”的目的，应用不定式作目的状语，故填to uncover。
46．
考查名词。句意：我喜欢这本书是因为这本书让我想到了很多关于生死、爱与责任、友谊与孤独的东西。结合上文的friendship可知，此处and连接两个并列名词，故填loneliness。
47．
考查形容词。句意：这本书中最让人印象深刻的是一朵玫瑰花。结合句意和空格前the most可知，此处应填形容词memorable，构成形容词最高级，作定语修饰名词characters，故填memorable。
48．
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：你花在你玫瑰上的时间使得你的玫瑰变得如此总要。根据句子分析可知，此句为强调句，被强调部分“the time you spend on your rose”是主语，提示词make是谓语动词，句中描述客观事情，用一般现在时，又因主语the time是不可数名词，谓语动词应用一般现在时单数形式，故填makes。
49．
考查副词。句意：在我看来，这是一本适合各个年龄段的感人的故事。根据句意可知，提示词在句中作评注性状语，应用副词形式，表示“就个人而言”，另外，句首单词首字母大写，故填Personally。
50．
考查介词。句意：在我看来，这是一本适合各个年龄段的感人的故事。根据句意可知，of all ages意为“各个年龄段的”，故填of。
51．to blame
52．suffering
53．reported
54．where
55．was followed
56．facilitates
57．whether##if
58．in
59．while
60．doesn’t need
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高质量的睡眠是如何保护你的大脑的。
51．
考查短语。句意：睡眠不好可能是罪魁祸首。be to blame该受责备；应负责任。故填to blame。
52．
考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，缺乏睡眠的大脑无法创造性地思考。名词brain与suffer from之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填suffering。
53．
考查非谓语动词。句意：发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究证实了这一点。名词study与report之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填reported。
54．
考查定语从句。句意：在这项研究中，参与者学习了一项任务，他们必须在被问及的问题中识别出隐藏的模式。句中先行词为task，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
55．
考查时态和语态。句意：他们最初的训练之后是8小时的夜间睡眠或清醒或白天清醒。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语training与follow之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was followed。
56．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：研究人员得出结论：“通过重组新的记忆表征，睡眠有助于获得有表现力的知识和有洞察力的行为。”陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语sleep为不可数名词，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填facilitates。
57．
考查名词性从句。句意：虽然目前还不清楚睡眠不足是否会导致抑郁症，但它可能会使抑郁症恶化。本句为主语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，且有“是否”之意。故填whether/if。
58．
考查介词。句意：研究表明，每晚睡眠时间少于6个小时或超过9个小时的人比睡眠时间介于两者之间的人更容易抑郁。这里表示“在少于6个小时或超过9个小时两者之间”，所以用介词in。故填in。
59．
考查连词。句意：它通过使大脑加强某些神经通路，同时减少不需要的神经通路来做到这一点。结合句意可知，这里用连词while，表示“与……同时”，引导时间状语从句。故填while。
60．
考查时态。句意：例如，你的大脑不需要在你醒着的时候收集每一个感官印象。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是your brain是单数，所以用第三人称单数。故填doesn’t need。
61．the
62．truly
63．making
64．to master
65．unbearable
66．before
67．have been applied
68．varieties
69．it
70．which
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国航空第一人——杨利伟以非凡的勇气完成太空首航的伟大任务。从那以后，中国的航天事业迅猛发展，令世人瞩目。
61．
考查冠词。句意：读这篇文章时，很多人都对杨利伟非凡的勇气感到惊叹。此处特指前文提到的“an article, entitled One Day In Space（一篇名为《太空中的一天》的文章）”，故填the。
62．
考查副词。句意：读这篇文章时，很多人都对杨利伟非凡的勇气感到惊叹。此处应填写副词，修饰后面的形容词astonished，故填truly。
63．
考查非谓语动词。句意：杨利伟在2003年10月15日进行太空飞行。当时他已经38岁了。这次太空之行让中国成为继美国和俄罗斯之后第三个掌握载人航天能力的国家。前面的事情自然而然地产生了后面的结果，这种情况要用现在分词作结果状语，故填making。
64．
考查非谓语动词。句意：杨利伟在2003年10月15日进行太空飞行。当时他已经38岁了。这次太空之行让中国成为继美国和俄罗斯之后第三个掌握载人航天能力的国家。分析句子结构及句意可知，在句中应用非谓语形式作后置定语。被修饰的名词前有序数词“the first”修饰时，惯常用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to master。
65．
考查动词与形容词词性转换。句意：当一件事发生时，痛苦变得难以忍受。Grow作“变得”解释时，为系动词；根据句意及空格前的系动词可知，此处应使用bear的同根形容词作表语，修饰主语the pain，故填unbearable。
66．
考查时间状语从句连词。句意：濒临死亡的时刻就这样持续了26秒直到最终疼痛消失。根据空格前句句意“濒死的时刻持续了26秒”与空格后句“最终消失”可知，前句表述动作持续进行，直到后句表述动作发生才停止，可使用时间状语从句连词before。故填before。
67．
考查谓语动词时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：自从杨利伟的首次太空之旅之后，很多科技陆续被应用到太空飞船上。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语since可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语a number of technologies与apply之间为被动关系，且主语为复数概念，故填have been applied。
68．
考查名词。句意：自从杨利伟的首次太空之旅之后，很多科技陆续被应用到太空飞船上，包括太空无线网络、蓝牙、智能家庭应用和各种太空食物。Varieties of sth为固定搭配，意为“各种各样的；种类繁多的”，故填varieties。
69．
考查代词。句意：正如杨利伟描述的那样，他很“嫉妒”后来的宇航员同伴有如此舒适的太空居所。这表明如今的中国航空发展事业发展地多么迅猛。As sb puts it为固定搭配，意为“正如某人所说的那样”，故填it。
70．
考查定语从句连词。句意：正如杨利伟描述的那样，他很“嫉妒”后来的宇航员同伴有如此舒适的太空居所。这表明如今的中国航空发展事业发展地多么迅猛。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限定性定语从句，关系词此处指代前面的主句，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。
71．have passed
72．with
73．valuable
74．to accept
75．preferring
76．which
77．customers
78．poorer
79．especially
80．it
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了随着科技的发展，现金使用频率降低，政府正在采取措施改变这一现象。
71．
考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，立法者已经通过了一项禁止无现金业务的法案。根据时间状语Up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时（have/has done），表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主语为名词复数，主谓一致。故填have passed。
72．
考查介词。句意：随着世界上许多地方似乎都在不断地用信用卡或数字支付取代现金，纽约市官员认为，现金在我们的生活中仍有重要作用。replace…with…“以（用）……代替……”符合句意，介词with意为“用”。故填with。
73．
考查形容词。句意：随着世界上许多地方似乎都在不断地用信用卡或数字支付取代现金，纽约市官员认为，现金在我们的生活中仍有重要作用。根据后文名词part可知，此处应用value的形容词valuable作定语修饰名词。故填valuable。
74．
考查非谓语动词。句意：官员们批准了禁止商店和餐馆拒收现金的立法。refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”是固定句式，动词不定式作宾语。故填to accept。
75．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们希望让那些喜欢通过纸币和硬币等传统方式付款的人更容易购物，这意味着该市的企业将不再能够要求客户使用无现金付款方式。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词prefer和所修饰的名词people之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作后置定语。故填preferring。
76．
考查定语从句。句意：他们希望让那些喜欢通过纸币和硬币等传统方式付款的人更容易购物，这意味着该市的企业将不再能够要求客户使用无现金付款方式。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面主句部分，关系代词which引导从句，在从句中作主语。故填which。
77．
考查名词复数。句意：他们希望让那些喜欢通过纸币和硬币等传统方式付款的人更容易购物，这意味着该市的企业将不再能够要求客户使用无现金付款方式。可数名词customer前面没有冠词，零冠词可数名词复数表泛指。故填customers。
78．
考查形容词比较级。句意：对无现金企业持批评态度的人说，这些企业歧视比别人穷得多的人。根据后文比较介词than可知，此处形容词poor应用比较级作表语。故填poorer。
79．
考查副词。句意：我担心现实世界中，无现金企业可能会对纽约人造成歧视，尤其是有色人种社区。副词especially通常用来对前面所述的事件进行进一步的说明或补充。此处强调状语in communities of color。故填especially。
80．
考查代词、形式主语。句意：许多人还认为不接受现金是不公平的，因为有些人无法获得信贷。分析可知，think后宾语从句中是it is+形容词+to do sth句型，此处应用代词it作形式主语。故填it。
81．to watch
82．because##as
83．caught
84．what
85．had been
86．where
87．whoever
88．can##may
89．being fined
90．until
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是现在，夏威夷檀香山市决定，是时候立即采取行动，将过马路时使用手机定为违法行为。那些被发现在路口使用手机、平板电脑或其他电子设备的人可能面临最高100美元的罚款。
81．
考查不定式。句意：他们太专注于屏幕，看不清自己在往哪里走。根据语境可知，句子表示“他们太专注于屏幕，看不清自己在往哪里走”，too...to...为固定搭配，意为“太……而不能……”，因此空格处用不定式to watch，故填to watch。
82．
考查连词。句意：近四成的人承认曾发生过与科技相关的小事故，因为他们把更多的注意力放在电子设备上而不是路面上。“they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement”是前面“having suffered a technology-related small accident”的原因，因此空格处是“因为”，是because/as，故填because/as。
83．
考查过去分词。句意：那些被发现在路口使用手机、平板电脑或其他电子设备的人可能面临最高100美元的罚款。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语是could face，空格处用非谓语形式，那些人是“被抓住”，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填caught。
84．
考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：檀香山是美国第一个禁止“走路走神”的主要城市。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此空格处用连接代词what，故填what。
85．
考查时态和语态。句意：此前的一项研究发现，在过去几年里，美国有超过1.1万人因走路时因手机分心而受伤。分析句子结构可知，“美国有超过1.1万人因走路时因手机分心而受伤”是发生在found之前，因此空格处用过去完成时表示发生在过去的过去之前的动作，因此空格处是过去完成时had been，故填had been。
86．
考查定语从句的关系词。句意：我们有幸成为美国主要城市中行人在人行横道上被撞的人数最多的城市。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，空格处用关系副词，先行词city是地方，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。
87．
考查主语从句的连接词。句意：在罚款制度下，第一次违反这项法律的人将被处以15到35美元的罚款。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且根据语境可知，句子表示“第一次违反这项法律的人将被处以15到35美元的罚款”，也就是“无论谁第一次违反这项法律都会被处以15到35美元的罚款”，因此空格处是“无论谁”，是whoever，故填whoever。
88．
考查情态动词。句意：行人可以在街上使用这种设备呼叫紧急服务和救援人员，如消防队员和警察。根据语境可知，句子表示“行人可以在街上使用这种设备呼叫紧急服务和救援人员，如消防队员和警察”，因此空格处是“可以”，空格后是动词原形，因此空格处是情态动词can/may，故填can/may。
89．
考查动名词的被动式。句意：如果你仍然想边走边发短信，你可以使用语音控制的数字助理Siri或谷歌assistant，从而避免在檀香山被罚款。avoid doing sth.是固定短语，意为“避免做某事”，根据语境可知，是“避免被罚款”，因此空格处是动名词的被动式，即being done，故填being fined。
90．
考查连词。句意：或者你可以等到你再次安全离开这条街。根据语境可知，句子表示“你可以等到你再次安全离开这条街”，因此空格处是“直到”，即until，故填until。
91．flew
92．while
93．should
94．to be criticized
95．before
96．developed
97．going
98．what
99．The
100．are put

【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了人们对亚马逊的亿万富翁创始人乘坐由其公司Blue Origin设计的火箭飞到了距离地球表面62英里的太空边缘这件事的批评和支持的观点。
91．
考查时态。句意：这位亚马逊的亿万富翁创始人乘坐由其公司Blue Origin设计的火箭飞到了距离地球表面62英里（100公里）的太空边缘。根据前一句的时间状语“In late July 2021”可知句子时态是一般过去时，动词使用过去式flew。故填flew。
92．
考查连词。句意：“有史以来最好的一天，”贝佐斯在安全返回地球后通过无线电对任务控制中心说，而其他人则没有这么印象深刻。结合句意可知用while表示前后的对比表示“然而”。故填while。
93．
考查情态动词。句意：他们辩论，贝佐斯应该花费数十亿美元来改善地球上的一切。结合前文“他们认为这次太空任务是一种金钱的浪费”，可知他们辩论说贝佐斯应该花费数十亿美元来改善地球上的一切。用情态动词should符合题意。故填should。
94．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他也不是第一个被批评浪费巨额个人财富的人。结合空格前的the first可知，用动词不定式作后置定语，the first和criticize之间是被动关系，用动词不定式的被动式符合题意。故填to be criticized。
95．
考查连词。句意：在亚马逊创始人创造历史的前一周，企业主理查德·布兰森也创造了历史。结合本段第一句“Bezos wasn’t the first billionaire to set his sights on space.”（他也不是第一个被批评浪费巨额个人财富的人。），可知表示在亚马逊创始人创造历史的前一周，用连词before符合题意。故填before。
96．
考查非谓语动词。句意：布兰森成为第一个乘坐他帮助资助的火箭飞往太空的人，该火箭由他的公司维珍银河公司开发。分析句子可知句子谓语动词是became，空格处缺少非谓语动词，a rocket和develop之间是被动关系，用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填developed。
97．
考查非谓语动词。句意：批评人士说，用于商业太空旅行的钱最好花在他们认为更重要的追求上。分析句子可知that引导的宾语从句中谓语动词是would be，空格处用非谓语动词作后置定语，the money和go之间是主动关系，用现在分词符合题意。故填going。
98．
考查名词性从句连接词。句意：批评人士说，用于商业太空旅行的钱最好花在他们认为更重要的追求上。分析句子可知在介词on后缺少宾语从句连接词，在动词see后缺少宾语，指物用what符合题意。故填what。
99．
考查冠词。句意：自然主义者霍莉·霍沃斯在《塞拉》杂志上指出，“乘坐火箭旅行可以说是个人能做的最具碳排放的事情。”分析句子可知在名词naturalist前应该用定冠词the表示特指，首字母大写。故填The。
100．
考查时态和语态。句意：个人资金被投入高薪工作和一个新的行业。句子陈述是事实用一般现在时，主语Personal funds和put之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，系动词用are。故填are put。