Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 单元练习 （含完型，阅读，词汇检测，句子翻译） 高中英语新牛津译林版必修第三册 （2022年）

牛津译林2020版必修三Unit4 单元练习

一、完形填空

Eleven-year-old Angela was stricken with a disease involving her nervous system. She was unable to walk and her movement was    1    in other ways as well. The doctors did not   2   much hope of her ever recovering from this illness. They  3    she’d spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair. They said that few, if any, were able to come back to    4    after getting this disease. The little girl was strong-minded. There, lying in her hospital bed, she would swear to anyone who’d    5    that she was definitely going to be walking again someday.

Later, she was moved to a specialized hospital in the San Francisco Bay area. Whatever therapies(治疗) that could be    6    to her case were used. The therapists were impressed by her undefeatable  7   . They taught her about imaging — about seeing herself walking. If it would do nothing else, it would    8    give her hope and something    9    to do in the long waking hours in her bed. Angela would work as hard as possible in    10    therapy and in exercise sessions. Meanwhile, she worked just as hard    11    there faithfully doing her imaging, visualizing herself moving, moving, moving!

One day, as she was trying her best to    12    her legs moving again, it seemed as though a miracle happened: the    13    moved! It began to move around the room! She    14    out, “Look what I’m doing! Look! Look! I can do it! I moved, I moved!”

Of course, at this    15    moment everyone else in the hospital was screaming too and running for  16   . People were screaming, equipment was falling and glass was breaking. You see, it was the recent San Francisco    17   . But don’t tell that to Angela. She’s    18    that she did it. And now, only a few years later, she’s back in school. On her    19    legs. No wheelchair. You see, anyone who can

20    the earth can conquer a little disease, can’t they?

1．A．recovered B．realized C．reformed D．restricted

2．A．hold onto B．hold out C．hold back D．hold up

3．A．predicted B．doubted C．opposed D．insisted

4．A．life B．nature C．hospital D．normal

5．A．listen B．laugh C．lie D．look

6．A．attached B．referred C．applied D．meant

7．A．spirit B．talent C．sickness D．symptom

8．A．at first B．at last C．at most D．at least

9．A．formal B．precious C．positive D．legal

10．A．physical B．visual C．passive D．accurate

11．A．wondering B．lying C．sitting D．living

12．A．imagine B．consider C．practise D．resist

13．A．leg B．body C．bed D．glass

14．A．walked B．reached C．figured D．screamed

15．A．first B．very C．extra D．last

16．A．celebration B．access C．liberty D．shelter

17．A．emergency B．adventure C．earthquake D．sandstorm

18．A．determined B．convinced C．disappointed D．frightened

19．A．broken B．last C．own D．proper

20．A．rescue B．shake C．seize D．preserve

二、阅读理解

A

Fashion treadmill desks (跑步机办公室) might actually help improve job performance after employees get used to working while walking, according to new research.

    A yearlong study of workers at a company St. Paul, Minn, found that the productivity of 40 treadmill users dropped at first because they were unable to master typing and operating a mouse while walking at a speed of up to two miles per hour.

    But within four to six months, measures of performance-quality, the amount of work done, and the quality of interactions with workmates rose gradually, according to weekly surveys.

    At the end of the survey period, workers with treadmill desks improved their performance, which was 0.69 points higher than that before the project began.

    For tasks like solving problems or taking conference calls, “ a little bit of walking is useful because it means there’s more blood flow to the brain,” said Avner Ben-Ner, a professor at the University of Minnesota’s Carlson School of Management and an author of the study. “ You get more oxygen and it increases the ability to think .”

    Treadmill desks have got attention because of research which showed the negative effects of sedentary lifestyles and jobs that leave workers sitting all day. But data on the effectiveness of the desks been relatively rare.

    There are other downsides (不利方面) , as The Wall Street Journal wrote last year, including the possibility of falls and injuries.

    Mr. Ben-Ner noted that treadmill users need some time to get used to the ergonomics (人体工程学) of walking while working , including the proper desk height. His team provided no training to employees, and he said that employers who provide such desks should offer help to get users comfortable on the machines.

    “This wouldn’t be very good for people who use a needle for their jobs, “ he said. “ But everyone who does brain work knows that if you need fresh ideas, taking a walk helps.”

1. According to the passage, fashion treadmill desks offer users many advantages EXCEPT to ___________.
2. A. improve their quality of work     

B .increase their amount of work

C. make their health become better and better  

D. keep good relationships with workmates

2. Which of the following does Mr. Ben-Ner agree?

A. People can do different kinds of work when walking on treadmill.

B .The treadmill desks are fit for people solving difficult problems.

C .The more oxygen you get, the better your mood is.

D. A little walk can make your brain work more actively.

3. The underlined part “sedentary “in Paragraph 6 probably means leading a life with _____________.

 A . much sitting  B. daily stress   C. no money   D .great worry

B

You know the feeling — you have left your phone at home and feel anxious, as if you have lost your connection to the world. “Nomophobia” (无手机恐惧症) affects teenagers and adults alike. You can even do an online test to see if you have it. Last week, researchers from Hong Kong warned that nomophobia is infecting everyone. Their study found that people who use their phones to store, share and access personal memories suffer most. When users were asked to describe how they felt about their phones, words such as “hurt” (neck pain was often reported) and “alone” predicted higher levels of nomophobia.

“The findings of our study suggest that users regard smart phones as their extended selves and get attached to the devices,” said Dr. Kim Ki Joon. “People experience feelings of anxiety and unpleasantness when separated from their phones.” Meanwhile, an American study shows that smart phone separation can lead to an increase in heart rate and blood pressure.

So can being without your phone really give you separation anxiety? Professor Mark Griffiths, psychologist and director of the International Gaming Research Unit at Nottingham Trent University, says it is what is on the phone that counts — the social networking that creates Fomo (fear of missing out)．

“We are talking about an Internet­connected device that allows people to deal with lots of aspects of their lives, ” says Griffiths. “You would have to surgically remove a phone from a teenager because their whole life is ingrained in this device.”

Griffiths thinks attachment theory, where we develop emotional dependency on the phone because it holds details of our lives, is a small part of nomophobia. For “screenagers”, it is Fomo that creates the most separation anxiety. If they can’t see what’s happening on Snapchat or Instagram, they become panic­stricken about not knowing what’s going on socially. “But they adapt very quickly if you take them on holiday and there’s no Internet,” says Griffiths.

4．Which of the following may Dr. Kim Ki Joon agree with?

A．We waste too much time on phones.          

B．Addiction to phones makes memories suffer.

C．Phones have become part of some users.       

D．Phones and blood pressure are closely linked.

5．According to Griffiths, we get nomophobia because ________.

A．we worry we may miss out what our friends are doing

B．we are accustomed to having a phone on us

C．we need our phones to help us store information

D．we fear without phones we will run into a lot of trouble

6．Where can you probably find the above passage?

A．In a research report. B．In a popular science magazine.

C．In a science textbook. D．In a fashion brochure.

C

 There are some popular family videos posted on Chinese social media. In these videos, a young child calls out to their mother or father; the parent enters the room smiling, turns around and calls out to their own parent; the grandparent then enters smiling and calls out to their parent – the great-grandparent.

The format of these videos is being described as the “four-generation challenge”.    7   . People from all over the world have left comments and even made their own versions.

A Facebook user named Antoine Yupud wrote, “I have to give that to China.8   .” The “four-generation” videos have not only touched foreign viewers, but also given them a deeper look into Chinese family values.

In most East Asian cultures, it is common for many generations of a single family to live together under one roof. This is called an extended family.    9    .

10   . Kids usually move out of the family home after turning 18. Many apply for loans and work part-time jobs to pay for college and rent. If they choose to continue living with their parents after becoming an adult, it can be seen as a sign of immaturity or failure.

Although family structures in the United States may differ, the loving bonds between family members are common to both.    11   .

A．Family devotion is usually a strong value.

B．Many Western countries tend to have nuclear families, made up of just children and their parents.

C．These videos have spread to social media in other countries.

D．Nuclear families gradually took the place of extended families.

E.  In United States culture, independence is highly valued.

F.  These videos have made many people miss their own grandparents.

G.  That might be why the “four-generation” videos have gained popularity around the world.

三、根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词

1. I don’t feel ready to take on new               （责任).
2. Most of our titles are also            (出版；发行) on CD-ROM.
3. I have to report this to the             (当局；官方).
4. It is a complete             (神秘的事物；不可理解之事) to me why they chose him.
5.             (涂；敷；抹) the cream sparingly to your face and neck.
6. The government has            (宣布) a state of emergency.
7. Not all of you have the complete            (自由) to do as you wish.
8. It would be wrong for us to take all the           (赞扬) .
9. In the earlier rounds, they were the             (突出的人或物).
10. To           (说明，解释) my point, let me tell you a little story.
11. He may still face criminal          (指控).
12. He warned that to          (否定) the results of elections would only make things worse.
13. The newspapers were full of           (道德的) outrage at the weakness of other countries.
14. A red sky at night often          (象征，暗示) fine weather the next day.
15. We moved into a cabin with             (电) but no running water.
16. She asked a lot of              (机智的) questions.
17. The negotiations have been           (组织；实施) in a positive manner.
18. We met by a           at the airport the other day.
19. The door swung shut with a b          .
20. In politics Britain has preferred e           to revolution.
21. There are two methods to comprehend the object of i           property.
22. What right has the family to take me for g         ?
23. Could you do me a f          and pick up Sam from school today?.
24. Some doctors believe i            is bliss and don’t give their patients all the facts.
25. He has put f          new peace proposals.

四、用所给词的适当形式填空

1.   Leading scientists claim that breast-fed babies are             (intellectual) brighter.
2.   Much of the form was not              (apply) to me.
3.   An               (evolution) inference can then be drawn.
4.   There are fines for exceeding             (permit) levels of noise pollution.
5.   The             (publish) planned to produce the journal on a weekly basis.
6.   I wasn’t expecting you to do it for           (freedom).
7.   She noticed that only 8,000 yuan had been            (credit) to her account.
8.   The political system was the             (negate) of democracy.
9.   The play was considered an affront to public             (moral).
10.  He gave no             (indicate) that he was ready to compromise.
11. Please tell people how to deal with the rubbish               (scientific).
12. They are incapable of thinking               (intelligent) about politics.
13. They issued a               (declare) at the close of the talks.
14. Everything will be done to bring those             (responsibility) to justice.
15.  He declared his             (intend) to become the best golfer in the world.
16. People don’t like to ask questions for fear of appearing             (ignorance).
17. He died in              (mystery) circumstances.
18. The shell               (surround) the egg has many important functions.
19. The statistics are a clear             (illustrate) of the point I am trying to make.

五、单句语法填空

1.   The guards permitted me              (bring) my camera and tape recorder.
2.   The Council of Ministers is responsible        the Assembly.
3.   We applied our minds to            (find) a solution to our problem.
4.   A few weeks later he said that maybe he viewed all his relationships rather

             (negate).

5.   I like to surround myself          beautiful things.
6.   We’ll make our decision and contact the people           (involve).
7.   She’s a woman of exceptional               (intelligent).
8.   I had a very high-powered job in            (publish).
9.   The idea           (evolution) from a drawing I discovered in the attic.
10. We do not permit             (smoke) in the office.
11. She           (ignorance) him and carried on with her work.
12. Further information is available on              (apply) to the principal.
13. When, if ever, is it             (moral) justifiable to allow a patient to die?
14. Three people were freed          the wreckage.
15. He adapted effortlessly to his new               (surround).
16. It’s not a scientific way              (test) their opinions.
17. She disliked his               (involve) with the group..
18. The news from overseas is overwhelmingly              (negate).
19.               (mystery), the streets were deserted.

20.There is a debate on the             (moral) of abortion.

六、根据要求翻译句子

1. 父母应当参与孩子的教育。（involve sb. in sth.）

2. 我完全支持同工同酬。（in favour of）

3. 我所说的只涉及你们中的一些人。（apply to）

4. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。（过去分词作宾语补足语）

5. 我很喜欢他昨天给我买的娃娃。（过去分词作定语）

6. 再给我一个小时，我也能解出这道题。（过去分词作状语）

7. 他对雇员有很强的责任感。（a sense of responsibility）

8. 你的诚实值得大大表扬。（do sb. credit）

答案

一DBADA     CADCA  BACDB DCBCB

二 CDA      CAB       CABEG

三1.responsibilities 2.published 3.authorities 4.mystery 5.Apply 6.declared 7.freedom 8.credit 9.standouts 10.illustrate 11.charges 12.negate 13.moral 14.indicates 15.electricity 16.intelligent 17.conducted 18.accident 19.bang 20.evolution 21.intellectual 22.granted 23.favour 24.ignorance 25.forward

四1.intellectually 2.applicable 3.evolutionary 4.permitted 5.publishers 6.free 7.credited 8.negation 9.morals 10.indication 11.scientifically 12.intelligently 13.declaration 14.responsible 15.intention 16.ignorant 17.mysterious 18. surrounding 19.illustration

五 1.to bring 2.to 3.finding 4.negatively 5.with 6.involved 7.intelligence 8.publishing 9.evolved 10.smoking 11.ignored 12.application 13.morally 14.from 15.surroundings 16.to test 17.involvement 18.negative 19.Mysteriously 20.morality

六 1.Parents should involve themselves in their child’s/children’s education.

2.   I’m all in favour of equal pay for equal work.
3.   What I am saying applies only to some of you.

4.He found his hometown greatly changed.

5.I love the doll bought by him yesterday.

6.Given another hour, I can also work out this problem..

7.He feels a strong sense of responsibility towards his employees.

8.Your honesty does you great credit.