专题11 一般过去时_备战2022年小升初英语必考语法和题型

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专题11  一般过去时一、一般过去时的概念一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。如：   I saw him in the park yesterday. 我昨天在公园里见到他。 I was ten years old last year. 去年，我十岁。二、一般过去时的结构句式结构：主语+动词的过去式(动词+ed) +其他成分  如： He did (do) his homework this morning. 他今天早上在做家庭作业。 三、一般过去时的用法1. 含有be动词的一般过去时句型(1) 肯定句：主语+was/were +其他   如：They were (be) happy just now. 他们刚才非常的开心。He was (be) born in 1998. 他出生于1998年。(2) 否定句：主语+ wasn’t/weren’t +其他   如：They weren’t happy just now. 他们刚才不是很开心。(3) 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？   肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.否定回答：No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.例：They were at home just now. 他们刚才在家. (改为一般疑问句并作回答)—Were they at home just now? 他们刚才在家吗？—Yes, they were. 是的，他们在家。—No, they weren’t. 不，他们不在家。 2. 含有行为动词的一般过去时的句型(1) 肯定句：主语+动词的过去式(动词+ed) +其他  如：The old man lived in America last year. 这位老人去年居住在美国。(2) 否定句：主语+didn’t +动词原形+其他   如：   The old man didn’t live (not live) in America last year. 这位老人去年没有居住在美国。(3) 一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他?   肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did.否定回答：No, 主语+didn’t.    例：The old man lived in America last year. 这位老人去年居住在美国。 (改为一般疑问句并作回答)—Did the old man live in America last year? 这位老人去年居住在美国吗？—Yes, he did. 是的，他去年居住在美国。—No, he didn’t. 不，他去年没有居住在美国。(4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？  如：What did Lucy do last weekend? 露西上周做了什么？例：David went to the zoo last Saturday. 大卫上周六去了动物园。（就划线部分进行提问）What did David do last Saturday. 大卫上周六做了什么？四、一般过去时的时间状语yesterday(昨天), just now(刚刚), last week/night/month/year(上周/昨晚/上个月/去年), …ago (…以前)等。五、动词过去式的变化规则 规    则例    词一般在动词词尾加-edhelp — helped      walk — walked  work — worked     talk—talked以不发音e结尾的动词，直接加-dlike — liked        love — loved   hope — hoped      skate— skated以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加-edstudy — studied     cry — cried         carry — carried      try — tried以辅元辅结尾的单音节的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-edplan — planned     stop — stoppeddrop — dropped     prefer — preferred温馨提示：动词过去式的不规则变化可以参考如下表格。原形过去式中文原形过去式中文am/iswas是loselost失去arewere是makemade制作becomebecame成为meetmet遇见beginbegan开始putput放bringbrought带来readread读buybought买riderode骑cancould能；会ringrang铃响comecame来runran跑do/doesdid做saysaid说drawdrew画画seesaw看见drinkdrank喝sellsold卖eatate吃sitsat坐fallfell落下sendsent发送feelfelt感觉speakspoke说flyflew飞spendspent花费；度过forgetforgot忘记swimswam游泳getgot得到taketook带；拿givegave给teachtaught教gowent去telltold告诉have/hashad有；吃wearwore写hanghung悬挂willwould可能会knowknew知道winwon赢，获胜learnlearnt学习writewrote写  基础训练(限时15分钟  满分30分) 一、写出下列动词的过去式。(每小题1分，共10分) 1. is/am__________        2. are___________      3. fly ____________ 4. drink___________      5. go___________       6. make___________7. does/do_________       8. dance __________    9.worry___________   10.eat____________  【答案】1. was 2. were 3. flew 4. drank 5. went 6. made 7. did 8.danced  9. worried 10. ate 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。(每小题1分，共5分) 1. It _________ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday  【答案】was【解析】由last Friday判断为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式，主语it是单数，be动词用was。2. We all _________ (have) a good time last night.【答案】had【解析】由last night“昨晚”判断为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式。3. She likes_______ (read) newspapers, but she________ (not read) a book yesterday.【答案】reading； didn't read【解析】第一个空动词的搭配：like doing sth 喜欢做某事；第二个空由yesterday“昨天”判断为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式，否定式需要借助助动词did来完成，助动词后面的动词用原形。4. He _________ (play) football now, but they _________ (play) basketball just now.【答案】is playing；played【解析】第一个空由now“现在”判断为现在进行时，谓语动词要用be+V-ing的结构，he是单数主语，be动词用is；第二个空由just now“刚才”判断为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式。5.  We _________(be) students two years ago.【答案】were【解析】由two years ago“两年前”判断为一般过去时，be动词要用过去式，we是复数主语，be用were形式。三、单项选择。(每小题1分，共5分) (   ) 1. She watered the flowers ________. A tomorrow    B sometimes    C yesterday morning 【答案】C【解析】由watered判断为一般过去时，需要选择过去时间故选C。(   ) 2.What _________ Mike do last weekend?   A do         B does        C did【答案】C【解析】由last weekend“上周末”判断为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式。(   ) 3. I _________ my room last Sunday.    A cleaned    B clean       C am cleaning【答案】A【解析】由last Sunday“上周日”判断为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式。(   ) 4. ________ he ________ football the day before yesterday?       A Does, play     B Did, played    C Did, play【答案】C【解析】由the day before yesterday“前天”判断为一般过去时，一般疑问句要用助动词did来构成，助动词后面的谓语动词要用原形。(   ) 5. —Good afternoon, Miss Lee. How does Mike feel?       —He’s tired. He _________ a lot of work _________. A does, this morning B do, this morning    C did, this morning  【答案】C【解析】由选项中的this morning“今天早上”判断为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式。四、按要求改写句子。(每小题2分，共10分) 1. Lucy did her homework at home.(改为否定句) Lucy _________ _________ her homework at home.【答案】didn't do2. He ate some bread in the morning.(改为一般疑问句)  _________ he ________ _________ bread in the morning?【答案】Did, eat any3. There was some orange in the cup.(改为否定句)There ________ _________ orange in the cup.【答案】wasn’t any4. My family went to the beach last week.(对划线部分提问)________ ________ your family ________ last week?【答案】What did, do5. Did you have any friends? (作肯定回答)_________, __________ __________.【答案】Yes, I did. 巩固提升(限时15分钟    满分20分) 一、单项选择。(每小题1分，共5分) (   )1. My father _______ ill yesterday.  A. is       B. are      C. was     D. were【答案】C【解析】由yesterday“昨天”判断为一般过去时，be动词要用过去式，my father是单数主语，be动词用was。(   )2. _______ your parents at home last week? A. Is          B. Was        C. Are        D. Were【答案】D【解析】由last week“上周”判断为一般过去时，be动词要用过去式，your parents“你的父母”是复数主语，be动词用were。(   )3. The twins _______in Dalian last year, but they_______ in Beijing now. A. are; were     B. were; are    C. was; are     D. were; was【答案】B【解析】第一个空根据last year“去年”判断为一般过去时，be动词要用过去式，the twins“双胞胎”是复数主语，be动词用were；第二个空根据now“现在”和主语they判断be动词要用are。(   )4. _________ your father at work the day________ yesterday (前天)?A. Was; before   B. Is; before    C. Was; after    D. Is; after【答案】A【解析】前天的表达为“昨天之前”即the day before yesterday；主语your father是单数主语，be动词用was。(   )5. —Did your father write an e-mail yesterday？        —________.  A. Yes, he did.    B Yes, he does    C No, he don’t    D. No, he did【答案】A【解析】一般疑问句，用什么问就用什么答，排除BC；D的回答矛盾不选。二、连词成句。(每小题2分，共10分) 1. did, what, you, yesterday, do (?)_____________________________________________________________________【答案】What did you do yesterday？2. watch,  John,  did,  TV,  night,  last (?) _____________________________________________________________________【答案】Did John watch TV last night?3. went,  I ,  to,  by,  park,  the,  bus( . )  _____________________________________________________________________   【答案】I went to the park by bus.4. went,  I,  shopping,  night,   mother,   my,  with,  last (.)___________________________________________________________________【答案】I went shopping with my mother last night.5. helped,  mother,  do,  my,  housework,  I,  often (.)___________________________________________________________________【答案】I often helped my mother do housework.三、画出下列句子中错误的地方，并在横线上改正。(每小题1分，共5分) 1. How is Jane yesterday?          _________ 【答案】is-was2. He go to school by bus last week.        _________ 【答案】go-went3. He often plays football after school last month.         _________ 【答案】plays-played4. They flied kites yesterday.            _________ 【答案】flied-flew5. Did you saw him just now？        _________【答案saw-see