专题01 名词_备战2022年小升初英语必考语法和题型

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专题01  名词一、名词的概念名词是某个人或物的名称，或是某类人或物的抽象名称。如：book 书、elephant 大象、tea 茶、teacher 教师、water水、time时间等。二、名词的分类个体名词：girl, lake, book可数名词（单数/复数） 集体名词：family, class, police普通名词 不可数名词 物质名词：milk, rice, bread名词       抽象名词：homework, news, weather专有名词：表示国家、人名、地名、组织、机构、语言、月份、星期、节日等的专有名称，首字母要大写。如：China, Mike, Beijing, World Trade Organization（WTO）,English, March, Sunday, Teachers' Day功能用法：名词在句子中做主语，宾语或表语等。考点1：名词的数1. 可数名词：表示____________________________的词。可数名词有______和______两种形式。(1) 名词复数的规则变化：情况词尾变化例      词  book---______boy---______  watch---________  photo---________tomato---________  baby---________  leaf---________(2) 名词的复数不规则变化：不规则变化man—________, woman—________,   policeman—______________tooth—________, foot—________, child—________单复数同形sheep—________,  fish—________  Chinese—________,  Japanese—____________(日本人) 常用复数的词________(鞋子), _________(眼镜) , ________(裤子) ________(短袜), __________(筷子), ________(楼梯)(3) 某国人的单数变复数的规则：中日不变，英法变，其余加sa Chinese—________________ (10个中国人)a Japanese—________________(9个日本人) a Frenchman—________________________ (3个中法国人)an Englishman—________________________ (4个中英国人)an Indian—________________ (5个印度人)a German—________________ (6个德国人)2. 不可数名词：________________________________________________。如________,________等。(1) 不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能用________, ________修饰，但可用the来修饰。 如：The bread and the egg are delicious.  面包和鸡蛋非常可口。 (2) 不可数名词表示数量时，常用“________________________________________”这一结构来表示。如：________________一片面包          ________________________四瓶水(3) 不可数名词前可用some , a little , much, any, a lot of等来表示不确切的数，如： ________________一些水             ________________________许多面包  3. 小升初常见的不可数名词：   肉类：________________________________ 液体类：________________________________   食物(总称)类：________________________ 天气类：________________________________   其他：________________________________考点2：名词所有格1. ’s所有格形式，表示有生命的东西的所有格  ’s所有格形式 单词形式构成方式举例普通单数名词在词尾加’s________________________露西的妈妈词尾不带-s的复数名词在词尾加’s ________________________少年宫词尾已有-s的复数名词在词尾加’ ________________________教师节几个人共同拥有一件东西在最后一个词的词尾后加上’s________________________________玛丽和露西共有的教室每个人分别拥有某物在每个词的词尾后加上’s________________________________玛丽和露西各自的教室表示时间、距离、城市等可以在其词后加’s________________________ 今天的报纸________________________(走路)五分钟的路程2. of所有格形式，表示无生命的东西的所有格形式：名词+ of +名词。如：________________________房间的窗户 __________________________我的家庭照片 ________________________一张中国地图 基础训练一、   圈出下列单词中的不可数名词。(共5分)peach   water   zoo     sister    coffee   knife   snow      tea    rain     car    teacher   homework   ear    juice   beef     milk二、写出下列名词的复数形式。 (每小题1分，共15分)1. watch__________  2.class__________  3.knife___________  4. dog__________      5. dish__________     6.child___________ 7. nurse__________      8.desk__________     9. boy____________ 10. baby__________  11.tooth_________      12.eye___________13. sheep_________   14.tomato_______   15.library________三、   用括号内所给名词的适当形式填空。 (每小题1分，共10分)We have three________ (pen). I have some good ________ (news) for you. The green sweater is his __________ (brother). There is a little _________ (juice) in the bottle.My uncle has three ________ (child). There are a few __________ (watch) on the desk.Many__________ (leaf) are on the ground.He has some__________ (bread). She has got some __________ (photo) of her friend Mike.  How many__________ (people) are there in your family?  四、   单项选择。 (每小题1分，共5分) (   ) 1.We have some ________, but we need some ________. A. tomatos; potatos B. tomatoes; potatos C. tomatoes; potatoes D. tomatos; potatoes(   ) 2. The thief has two ________.        A. knife B. knifs C. knives D. knifes (   ) 3. English _______ my favourite subject.     A. is  B. am  C. are  D. be (   ) 4. The room is ________.     A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy’s and Lily C. Lucy’s and Lily’s D. Lucy and Lily’s(   ) 5. Can you give me ________.     A. some milk  B. some milks  C. a milk  D. milks   
巩固提升(限时15分钟  满分30分) 一、写出下列单词的复数形式。(每小题1分，共10分) 1. policeman—__________  2. foot—__________ 3. flower—_____________ 4. cat—___________ 5. potato—__________ 6. park—__________7. family—____________  8. Chinese—_______ 9. people—_______________            10. wife—_________二、单项选择。 (每小题1分,共10分)   (   ) 1. My little sister has only two _______ now. A. tooth         B. toothes         C. teeth         D. teeths       (   ) 2. The ________on the hills are all white. A. sheep B. sheeps C. dog           D. cat(   ) 3. These new ________are for you. A. skirt B. shoe C. socks         D. shirt    ) 4. I’d like three________ tea. A. cups         B. cups of         C. /              D. cup (   ) 5. ________ hat is pink. ________ hat is black. A. Linda; Her mother     B. Linda’s; Her mothers’    C. Linda’s; Her mother’s  D. Linda ; Her mother’s(   ) 6. — When is ________？   — September the tenth.  A. Teacher Day   B. the Teacher’s Day  C. the Teachers’ Day   D. Teachers’ Day (   ) 7. There is ________ cola in the cup.  A. a  B. any  C. some  D. /(   ) 8. The road is _________ long.       A. eight kilometers  B. eight kilometer C. two meter  D. two meters(   ) 9. Is the _______ from America?      A. woman  B. women  C. womans D. womens (   ) 10. ________ love seeing Zhou Dongyu’s movies.      A. A people B. Peoples C. People’s D. People 三、用所给的名词的正确形式填空。(每小题2分，共10分) 1. This is my book. That is _________ (Tom) book.2. There is some _________ (meat) in the fridge(冰箱).3. Look at these __________ ( baby ). How lovely they are. 4. There are seven _________ (day) in a week.5. I want five kilos of _________ (noodle).