专题06 动词_备战2022年小升初英语必考语法和题型

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专题06 动词一、动词的概念动词是表示动作或状态的词。如：I read English every day. (表示动作) 我每天都读英语。There is a book on the desk. (表示状态) 桌子上有一本书。二、动词的分类分类例词实义动词open，learn，stop，read系动词be，become，turn,  get助动词do，have，shall，will情态动词can，may，must，need, should考点1： 动词的分类与用法1. 实义动词实义动词也叫___________，______________________，______________________。如：I like English. 我喜欢英语。The child is playing the piano. 这个小孩正在弹钢琴。2. 系动词系动词也叫___________，__________________，____________________________________________。系动词可以分为下面三类：(1) be动词be动词是最基本的系动词。它包括___________及这三个词的相应变化形式。如：I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。  She was thirteen last year. 她去年13岁。Be动词用法口诀：___________________________________________________________________________(2) 表感觉的系动词  ___________(看上去) ，___________(听起来) ，___________(摸起来；感觉) ，taste(尝起来) ，smell(闻起来) 等等。如：The cake tastes good. 这蛋糕很好吃。  Flowers smell sweet. 花闻起来很香。(3) 其他系动词还有一些表示具有某种状态或这种状态正在持续或变化的词，这些词也属于系动词。这类动词常见的有：seem(似乎) ，keep(保持) ，stay(仍然) ， get(变得) ，go(变) ，become(变成) ，turn(转变) 等。如：She often keeps her room clean. 她经常保持房间干净。The weather gets warmer. 天气变得更暖和了。3. 情态动词情态动词指_________________________________。__________________，____________________________________。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。常见的情态动词有：can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should等等。如：I can play the piano. 我会弹钢琴。    We should study hard. 我们应该努力学习。4. 助动词助动词___________，它和实义动词一起构成___________和________，也可构成_______和________结构。常用的助动词有___________________，___________等。如：What do you usually do at the weekend? 你通常在周末做什么？Did you have a good time？ 你玩得开心吗？考点2：动词的基本形式英语的动词有五种形式，即___________、___________、___________、___________和___________。下面介绍一下小学阶段出现过的几种动词的形式。(1) 动词原形动词原形是_________________________________，即我们常在字典中所看到的动词，如：do, work, study, go等(2) 动词的第三人称单数形式动词的第三人称单数形式是指_________________________________________________________________________。它的变化规则与可数名词单数变复数的规则相似。不规则变化：have—________规    则例    词一般在动词词尾加-splay — ________        like — ________read — ________        write — ________以s ,x ,sh ,ch , o 结尾的动词，加-eswash — ________    go — ________     do—________watch —________    guess— ________以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y改成i , 再加-escarry— ________      fly — ________study — ________     cry — ________(3) 现在分词 规    则例    词一般情况下在动词词尾加-ingdo — ________     work — ________    play—________以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写这个辅音字母再加-ingsit — ____________     cut — ____________plan — ____________    run — ____________get — ____________     begin— ____________以字母ie结尾的动词，将ie改为y再加-ingdie — ________   lie — ________   tie — ________(4) 动词的过去式规    则例    词一般在动词词尾加-edhelp — ________       walk — ________work — ________      talk—________以不发音e结尾的动词,直接加-dlike — ________        love — ________hope — ________       skate— ________以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,改y为i，再加-edstudy — ________      cry — ________carry — ________      try — ________末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，先双写这个辅音字母再加-edplan — ________      stop — ________drop — ________      shop—________  基础训练(限时 15分钟  满分20分) 一、按要求写出下列动词的适当形式。(每小题1分，共10分) 1.wash (三单)__________      2. run (现在分词) _________ 3. have (三单)________      4.study (过去式) ________    5. sing (现在分词)_________  6. lie (现在分词)________7. get (过去式) _________     8. play(三单)__________    9. be (三单)_________        10. go (过去式) _________二、单项选择。(每小题1分，共10分) (   )1. —Can you speak French ?    —No, I __________. A. can          B. can’t         C. must         D. mustn’t (   ) 2. He likes __________.  A. cook         B. cooks        C. cooking       D. cooked (   ) 3. He __________ a cat on the blackboard now.  A. is drawing     B. draw        C. drawing       D. draws(   ) 4. I _________ a dictionary yesterday.  A. buy           B. buying       C. to buy       D. bought (   ) 5. I have never heard of the story. It _________ funny.  A. sounds         B. feels         C. tastes       D. looks(   ) 6. Every morning my grandfather __________ for a walk around the lake.  A. go             B. goes          C. went        D. is going (   ) 7. —What are you doing?  —I am __________ a card.  A. makes          B. making        C. make       D. maked(   ) 8. Granny Li often _________ the children stories.  A. speaks          B. says          C. talks        D. tells (   ) 9. — Did you read books yesterday?  — Yes, I __________. A. does            B. do           C. did          D. am (   ) 10. Ben and I __________ some flowers last week.  A. planted          B. plant         C. planting      D. plants  巩固提升(限时15分  满分 15分) 一、单项选择。(每小题1分，共8分) (   ) 1. He is in Japan for many years, so he can _________ much Japanese.  A. speak       B. talk         C. say            D. tell(   ) 2. This American spaceship _________ a man into space.  A. brought      B. gave         C. took            D. bought(   ) 3. Look! They _________ busy. They _________ in the park. A. are; work   B. are; are working   C. were; worked     D. are; working (   ) 4. —What did you do last night? —I did my homework and __________ TV.  A. watch        B. am watching   C. will watch      D. watched(   ) 5. He often ________ to the movie, but he didn’t _______ yesterday.  A. go; went      B. goes; goes    C. goes; go        D. go; goes (   ) 6. —Do you have a school bag?  —__________.  A. Yes, I have.     B. Yes, I do.    C. No, I have not.    D. No, I do. (   ) 7. We should _________ our mother do some housework.  A. help           B. helped      C. helps       D. helping (   ) 8. We are going to ___________ a cake.  A. making        B. makes       C. made       D. make 二、根据句意,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。(每空1分，共7分) 1. He _________ (go) to school at half past seven every day. 2. Miss Gao _________ (teach) us English ten years ago.  3. Peter _________ (study) English every day. 4. They __________ (swim ) now. 5. The sun _________ (rise) in the east. 6. Lingling ________ (be) a student. She can ________ (draw) pictures well.