2021学年Unit 1 Science and Scientists同步达标检测题

这是一份2021学年Unit 1 Science and Scientists同步达标检测题，共25页。试卷主要包含了 5分, 满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

单元素养评价(一)(Unit 1)
(120分钟　150分)
第一部分　听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
　　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
W: Look at my new car!
M: That’s not a car. It’s a toy, and you’re still taking the bus to school.
W: Well, ①it’s a model of the car I’m going to buy when I get my first job. It helps me want to work harder.
1. What makes the girl study harder?
A. To get a toy. 　　　　B. To work as a model.
C. To earn money for a car.
答案: C
Text 2
W: This is the same block we drove down two minutes ago. You’re lost.
M: I’m not. You just wrote down the wrong address. ②Let’s just park and walk towards that tall building. Surely someone on the road can point the way.
2. What does the man want to do?
A. Stop to ask for directions.
B. Drive to the tall building.
C. Write the correct address himself.
答案: A
Text 3
W: Well, I’m calling about the Wildlife Protection Group I belong to. We’re looking for more people to join, especially men. And I thought you might be interested.
M: Oh. You know how much I love wildlife, but this is my last year in the middle school. ③I’m quite busy with my lessons.
3. What does the man mean?
A. He has no interest in wildlife.
B. He is sorry to fail the exam.
C. He won’t join the group.
答案: C
Text 4
M: Can I help you?
W: Yes, we want to go to Chinatown.
M: OK. You can take a taxi. It’s about a ten-minute ride, and the fare is three dollars. ④Or you could walk. It’ll probably take you twenty minutes.
W: ④OK. That’s what we’ll do. It’s free and good exercise, too.
4. How will the woman get to Chinatown?
A. On foot. 　　　　B. By underground.
C. By taxi.
答案: A
Text 5
W: Hi, Harry. You’re taking a camera for tomorrow’s trip, aren’t you?
M: Yes. ⑤And I have asked Max to bring pens and paper. You know our teacher wants us to take notes.
5. Who will take pens and paper tomorrow?
A. Harry. 　　　B. Max. 　　　　C. The teacher.
答案: B
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
Text 6
W: Do you want a ride?
M: Yes, thank you. ⑥I know it’s not good to get a free ride from a stranger, but I hope. . .
W: Don’t worry about it. So where are you from?
M: I am from Italy. I’ve been travelling for a few months now. I’ve gone through Germany, France, Belgium, England, and then I took a boat over here.
W: That’s nice. ⑦Where have you been so far in America?
M: ⑦I’ve been to San Francisco, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, and now I am going across to the other coast.
6. Who is the man talking with?
A. A friend. 　　　　B. A stranger.
C. A tour guide.
答案: B
7. In which country are the speakers?
A. America. B. Germany. C. Italy.
答案: A
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
Text 7
M: I just saw Professor Black. ⑧He finished the budget for our concert tour. It’s going to cost $1, 500 per person.
W: Where are we going to get that kind of money?
M: It sounds like a lot, but by the time you add up the air fare, meals and hotels, it’s pretty reasonable.
W: But I doubt we’ll all be able to go. Remember there were 32 people in the band last year.
M: We can make it. For our last trip, we got some money from some companies.
W: ⑨Who was in charge of money raising?
M: ⑨Mary. She took care of it last time.
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Expenses of a concert tour.
B. A coming concert.
C. A travel experience.
答案: A
9. What will Mary probably do?
A. Act as a director.
B. Leave for a vacation.
C. Take charge of money raising.
答案: C
听第8段材料, 回答第10～12题。
Text 8
W: What happened to your car?
M: I parked it in the parking lot an hour ago, and when I went out of the shopping centre, ⑩I found it was knocked into. Judging from the size of the dent, maybe it was from a shopping cart.
W: Those shopping carts are dangerous, especially the metal ones. I don’t park at a store that uses metal shopping carts.
M: That’s a good idea, ⑪but there was a good sale at this store.
W: Did you save any money on the sale?
M: Yes, I did. I saved about $50.
W: That’s great.
M: Yes, ⑫but this dent will cost about $150.
10. What happened to the car?
A. Something knocked into it.
B. It ran a red light.
C. It was fined for speeding.
答案: A
11. Why did the man park at the store?
A. Parking was free there.
B. There was a sale nearby.
C. He bought the parking space.
答案: B
12. How much will the man pay for the repair?
A. $50. B. $100. C. $150.
答案: C
听第9段材料, 回答第13～16题。
Text 9
M: Hello, Betty. It’s me, Tim. Am I calling at a bad time?
W: No, not really.
M: ⑬I have invited some of my friends to dinner at my house this evening. I thought maybe you’d like to come, too.
W: Well, that sounds good, ⑭but I’m afraid I’ve got to do some reading for my English course at home.
M: ⑮Today is Friday. You’ve got to relax and enjoy yourself on the weekend.
W: I know. But there is a lot of reading to do. Besides, I really ought to do my washing this evening.
M: Then would you like to come just for a drink later on instead?
W: Actually, I’d like to go to bed early tonight. I’m a bit tired.
M: OK. Have a good rest. I’ll call you again tomorrow.
W: Don’t call me early. ⑯I usually sleep until 9: 00 on Saturdays.
M: What? That’ll be too late for our country drive.
W: Did I say I’d go with you for a drive to the country?
M: No, but I have already planned everything.
W: Listen, Tim, I like to plan my own days myself.
13. What is the man going to do this evening?
A. Do some reading. 　　　　B. Host his friends.
C. Do some washing.
答案: B
14. What does the woman plan to do in the evening?
A. Stay at home. 　　　　B. Hold a dinner party.
C. Have a drink with the man.
答案: A
15. What should the woman do on the weekend in the man’s opinion?
A. Take some exercise. 　　　　B. Have a good sleep.
C. Have fun.
答案: C
16. When does the woman usually get up on Saturdays?
A. At 7: 00. B. At 8: 00. C. At 9: 00.
答案: C
听第10段材料, 回答第17～20题。
Text 10
　　M: Well, Monica, I’m sure you’ll enjoy working here. I’m the librarian. We’re open from half past eight in the morning until eight in the evening but you’re not expected to be here all that time. ⑰You start working at a quarter to nine and finish at a quarter past five, OK?
　　Now, students aren’t allowed to bring large bags into the library. But staff can bring their bags in and leave them in the office. You have an hour for lunch. But I don’t like staff eating in the library. ⑱Of course you can have a cup of coffee there while you’re working. ⑲If you bring sandwiches for lunch, there’s a common room downstairs where you can eat them. If you want to buy lunch, I’d recommended the dining room upstairs. ⑳ There are cafés in the town center but it’s a bit of rush to get there and back in an hour though they’re cheap. OK. Any questions?
17. When will Monica work in the library?
A. From 8: 30 am to 8: 00 pm.
B. From 8: 45 am to 5: 15 pm.
C. From 9: 10 am to 4: 45 pm.
答案: B
18. What can Monica do in the library?
A. Have drinks. 　　　　　B. Read books.
C. Talk to students.
答案: A
19. Where should Monica go to have her own sandwiches for lunch?
A. The speaker’s office. 　　　　　B. The dining room.
C. The common room.
答案: C
20. Why doesn’t the speaker recommend cafés in the town center?
A. They are crowded. 　　　　　B. They are far away.
C. They are expensive.
答案: B
第二部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
　　阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
　　Some of the greatest scientists of all time are women who have made important discoveries in a variety of fields in science. Several of their contributions throughout history are even more than men’s contributions. Our list of the most famous female scientists below is organized in order of popularity so you can read about the advancements that they made.
　　Marie Curie (1867-1934)
　　Famous For: Work on radioactivity
　　Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two fields: Physics and Chemistry. She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation of X-rays.
　　Jane Goodall (1934)
　　Famous For: Primate (灵长类) studies
　　Jane Goodall is known world-wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates. She is considered as the top expert on chimps in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45-year study on the social lives of these animals in Tanzania.
　　Rita Levi-Montalcini (1909-2012)
　　Famous For: Nerve growth studies
　　Rita Levi-Montalcini was a neurologist (神经病学家) who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for her findings in Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). She was the first Nobel Prize winner to live past her 100th birthday.
　　Lise Meitner (1878-1968)
　　Famous For: Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics
　　Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission (裂变). One of her colleagues, Otto Hahn, was given the Nobel Prize for this work. That Meitner didn’t get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要列举了4位著名的女科学家在各自领域所取得的成就和影响。
21. Who is still contributing to the world?
A. Marie Curie. 　　　　　 B. Jane Goodall.
C. Rita Levi-Montalcini. D. Lise Meitner.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据每个人物后面的时间可知, Jane Goodall出生于1934, 而后面没有给去世时间, 说明还在世, 还在为世界做贡献。故选B。
22. What did Rita Levi-Montalcini reseach on?
A. Nerve growth. B. The wildlife.
C. Nuclear explosion. D. Radioactivity.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据Rita Levi-Montalcini(1909-2012)部分中Famous For: Nerve growth studies可知因为神经发育研究而出名。由此可知, Rita Levi-Montalcini研究的是神经发育。故选A。
23. What do we know about Lise Meitner?
A. She was awarded the Nobel Prize.
B. She made a big mistake in her work.
C. She did lots of studies about nerve growth.
D. She made great contributions to nuclear physics.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Lise Meitner(1878-1968)部分中Famous For: Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics可知因为研究放射性和核物理而出名。由此可知, Lise Meitner对核物理学做出了巨大的贡献。故选D。
B
(2021·郑州高二检测)
　　In the 1880s, long before she became her era’s greatest female explorer, eight-year-old Harriet Chalmers traveled through the Sierra Nevada on horseback with her father. When she was 24, Chalmers married Franklin Pierce Adams, and they set off for Latin America, where they covered 40, 000 miles on a horse, by boat and on foot. When they returned nearly three years later, she gave a lecture at National Geographic and started a 30-year career as a contributor.
　　Adams made it her mission to visit every country that was or had been a Spanish colony, and revisited the places where Christopher Columbus had stayed from Europe to the Americas. She traveled around Asia and attended Haile Selassie’s Coronation(加冕礼) as the emperor of Ethiopia. During World War Ⅰ, she was the first female journalist allowed to photograph the French trenches(战壕), where she stayed for months.
　　She wrote 21 articles detailing her experiences for National Geographic, more than any other woman published in the magazine’s first half century. In those pieces, she criticized the injustices that she had observed. “Where were the blessings the Europeans claimed they brought to millions of Latin Americans? I could hardly find them, ” she wrote after a visit to Peru. “What have they not suffered under the control of the Europeans? ”
　　Adams had no professional training as a geographer and had never been to college, but her color photo slides and adventurous travel style won her invitations to speak around the world, often from the organizations that had never invited a woman before. She was the third American woman asked to join the Royal Geographical Society in England. However, the New York-based Explorers Club gave her and other outstanding female adventurers the cold shoulder.
　　“Men have always been so afraid that some mere woman might get into their discussion that they don’t even permit women in their clubhouses, ” Adams once said, “Let alone allow them to attend any meetings for discussions that might be significantly helpful. ”
　　Several female explorers decided to form their own club. In 1925, the Society of Woman Geographers started with Adams as president, and she served until moving to France in 1933, where she died four years later at 61.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是女性探险家, 《国家地理》撰稿人哈丽特·查默斯的人生经历和事业发展。
24. What did Adams do during the first three years of her marriage?
A. She traveled through the Sierra Nevada.
B. She explored Latin America with her husband.
C. She contributed regularly to National Geographic.
D. She learned horse riding under her husband’s guidance.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段后两句可知24岁时, 查默斯嫁给了富兰克林·皮尔斯·亚当斯, 他们出发前往拉丁美洲, 在那里他们骑马、乘船、徒步旅行了4万英里。当他们近三年后回来时, 她在《国家地理》杂志社做了一次演讲, 并开始了30年的撰稿生涯。可知她结婚的前三年和她丈夫一起去探索拉丁美洲。故选B项。
25. What was Adams involved in during world war Ⅰ?
A. Taking photographs on the front line.
B. Traveling around European countries.
C. Fighting together with French soldiers.
D. Doing research on Christopher Columbus.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知在第一次世界大战期间, 她是第一个被允许拍摄法国战壕的女记者, 她在那里待了好几个月。可知她去到了前线拍照。故选A项。
26. What was expressed in Adams’ words in Para. 3?
A. Relief. B. Curiosity.
C. Tolerance. D. Disapproval.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段可知在这些作品中, 她批评了她所观察到的不公正现象。“欧洲人声称给数百万拉丁美洲人带来的福祉在哪里? ”我几乎找不到它们, ”她在访问秘鲁后写道。“在欧洲人的控制下, 他们还有什么没遭受过? ”即她对欧洲人殖民侵略拉丁美洲感到不满, 所以她的话语表明她反对的态度, 故选D项。
27. How did Explorers Club treat Adams?
A. It paid no attention to her.
B. It rejected her help coldly.
C. It invited her to join in their discussion.
D. It asked her to join the Royal Geographical Society.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知然而, 总部位于纽约的探索者俱乐部却对她和其他杰出的女性冒险家非常冷漠。短语“the cold shoulder”表示冷落, 爱搭不理, A项“并未关注她”表达切题, 故选A项。
C
　　Three scientists who played central roles in the discovery of the hepatitis C virus(丙型肝炎病毒) have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020. This prize will be shared by Michael Houghton, from the United Kingdom, and United States scientists Harvey J. Alter and Charles M. Rice, who all made notable contributions toward the discovery of the blood-born virus that causes chronic (慢性的)liver problems.
　　Alter demonstrated in the 1970s that some people who received blood transfusions(输血) would develop cases of hepatitis that were not caused by the hepatitis A or B viruses, suggesting that another infectious agent was to blame. In the 1980s, Houghton managed to isolate(分离) the genetic sequence of the virus, while Rice proved that the pathogen(病原体) could replicate and cause infection. The World Health Organization estimates that around 71 million people worldwide live with hepatitis C, which can cause major liver complications(并发症) and, in some cases, death.
　　The Nobel Assembly said the three researchers had contributed to a “landmark achievement in the ongoing battle against viral diseases”. “The discovery of hepatitis C virus revealed the cause of the remaining cases of chronic hepatitis and made blood tests and new medicines that have saved millions of lives possible, ” the assembly said in a statement. “Thanks to their discovery, highly sensitive blood tests for the virus are now available and these have essentially eliminated post-transfusion hepatitis in many parts of the world, greatly improving global health. ” The assembly said that the discoveries performed by the newly minted Nobel Laureates also allowed for the rapid development of antiviral drugs directed at hepatitis C. “For the first time in history, the disease can now be cured, raising hopes of eradicating hepatitis C virus from the world population”, the statement said.
　　The award for physiology and medicine is the first of the Nobel Prizes to be handed out this year, with prizes in physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economics to follow during the next seven days.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了2020年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖近日揭晓, 获奖者是三位在发现丙型肝炎病毒的过程中做出重大贡献的科学家。
28. What was the important discovery of three scientists?
A. The hepatitis A virus
B. The hepatitis B virus
C. The hepatitis C virus.
D. The risk of blood transfusions.
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Three scientists who played central roles in the discovery of the hepatitis C virus have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020”可知, 故选C项。
29. Who succeeded in extracting the sequence of the virus?
A. Michael Houghton
B. Harvey J. Alter
C. Charles M. Rice
D. The World Health Organization
【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the 1980s, Houghton managed to isolate the genetic sequence of the virus”可知Houghton成功地分离出了丙型肝炎病毒的基因序列, 故选A项。
30. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. The significance of the discovery.
B. The course of the discovery.
C. The disadvantage of the discovery.
D. The harm of the hepatitis.
【解析】选A。 段落大意题。本段主要介绍了诺贝尔奖大会丙型肝炎病毒的发现的意义。丙型肝炎病毒的发现使研制新药成为可能, 从而挽救了数百万人的性命, 故选A项。
31. What does the underlined word “eradicating” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Discovering. B. Knowing.
C. Analysing. D. Getting rid of.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据丙肝可以被治疗, 为在全人类中根除丙型肝炎病毒带来了希望。可推测画线单词意为“消除”, 故选D项。
D
(2021·九江高二检测)
　　A new product from Microsoft Corporation can do that for people who have trouble seeing. They may be blind or visually impaired. The product, an app, is currently available for free for Apple’s iPhone and iPad. The app is called Seeing AI. “AI” is short for artificial intelligence, a term for computers with an ability to think and learn like human beings.
　　Seeing AI uses both a camera and artificial intelligence to identify places, objects and people. The app then announces what the camera sees so users will know what is in front of them.
　　People can also use Seeing AI to learn words in English. With the app open, you can point your iPhone or iPad at any object and it will say what the object is. With Seeing AI, users can hear a description of not just objects, but also people. It can even tell you about their emotions. It will not just say that someone is smiling. The app will say that the person is happy. Or surprised. Or angry. People can use the app when going to a store or supermarket. It can read product bar codes so users will know whether a can is filled with fruit or dog food. Microsoft says Seeing AI will soon be able to identify banknotes so people know whether they are holding a bill that is worth $ 100 or $ 1.
　　At restaurants, diners can use the new app to hear a list of drinks and other menu things. It can recognize both food choices and prices. People can use the app to read signs and get directions, although Microsoft warns against using it for navigation(导航)purposes.
　　One of the more interesting tools of Seeing AI is its ability to read documents. The app can read documents aloud and even help a user position them on the center of the electronic device.
　　The app is currently available in just the US, Canada, India, Hong Kong, New Zealand and Singapore—however, Microsoft says that the app will be available in other countries and districts soon.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微软公司的一款新的人工智能软件, 可以在很多方面帮助盲人或有视力障碍的人。
32. Who is Seeing AI intended for?
A. People working at the restaurant.
B. People having visual disabilities.
C. People buying goods in the supermarket.
D. People having difficulty in learning languages.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第一段前两句可知微软公司的一款新产品可以为视力有障碍的人做到那一点。他们可能是盲人或视力受损的人。可推知, 选项B“People having visual disabilities. ”(有视觉障碍的人)符合题意。故选B。
33. Microsoft warns users not to use Seeing AI for 　　　.  
A. navigating
B. reading documents
C. describing a person
D. reading product bar codes
【解析】选A。细节理解题。从倒数第三段最后一句人们可以使用这款应用软件来识别标志和获取方向, 尽管微软警告不要将其用于导航目的。可推知, 微软警告不要用这款软件来导航。故选A。
34. What can we infer about Seeing AI?
A. It was developed by Apple.
B. It can be used on computers.
C. It is helpful to people who is blind.
D. Everyone can use it with a smartphone.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章前两句微软公司的一款新产品可以为视力有障碍的人做到那一点。他们可能是盲人或视力受损的人。可推知, 这款人工智能软件对于盲人是非常有帮助的。故选C。
35. Which of following is true about Seeing AI?
A. It will have more new functions.
B. It has already replaced people’s eyes.
C. It will soon be available on Android.
D. It helps people learn English and Chinese words.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句微软表示, Seeing AI不久将能够识别钞票, 这样人们就能知道他们手中的钞票是面值100美元还是1美元。可知, Seeing AI很快就能有更多的新功能。故选A。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
　　阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·保定高二检测)
　　Words have the power to build us up or tear us down. It doesn’t matter if the words come from ourselves or someone else. The positive and negative effects are just as lasting.
　　　36　We’re usually too embarrassed to admit it, though. In fact, we really shouldn’t be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit. This “self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down. Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. 　37　 
　　Often, words come out of our mouths without thinking about the effect they will have. But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others. For example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clerk will probably respond in a similar manner. 　38　 
　　Words possess power because of their lasting effect. Many of us regret something we once said. We remember unkind words said to us as well. Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: 　39　 If what we want to say doesn’t pass this test, then it’s better left unsaid.  
　　Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem and motivate others to do their best. 　40　 Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours.  
A. Is it loving?
B. How should I say it?
C. We all talk to ourselves sometimes.
D. Negative words destroy all those things.
E. Generally people like positive and pleasant words.
F. However, critical language may cause anger and defence.
G. So we should only speak encouraging words to ourselves.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言的力量。积极的语言可以激励我们, 消极的语言会摧毁我们。
36. 【解析】选C。根据空后一句可知然而, 我们通常觉得太尴尬而不承认。与选项C. We all talk to ourselves sometimes. (我们所有人都会时不时自言自语)承接自然, 后文的it指代选项的内容, 故选C项。
37. 【解析】选G。根据空前一句可知但是, 要清楚多达77%的自言自语倾向于消极。与选项G. So we should only speak encouraging words to ourselves. (因此, 我们应该只对自己说鼓励的话)承接自然, 前后句构成明显的因果关系, negative和encouraging是关键词, 故选G项。
38. 【解析】选F。根据空前两句可知例如, 当把一件商品退回商店时, 我们在交换期间可能会用温和、友好的语言。店员很可能会用同样的方式回复你。与设空处是两种对比的情况, 且构成明显的转折关系, friendly和critical是关键词, 故选F项。
39. 【解析】选A。前文Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: (在说话之前, 我们应该总是问问自己)与选项A. Is it loving? (它是表示关爱的话吗? )承接自然, 前文提出“问自己”, 下文给出问题, 故选A项。
40. 【解析】选D。根据空前两句当我们说积极的话时, 我们周围的人会得到鼓励。我们可以提供希望、建立自信以及激励别人做到最好。前后部分分别陈述积极话语和消极话语的两种情况, 选项D中的those代指前文的We can offer hope, build self-esteem and motivate others to do their best, 故选D项。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·长沙高二检测)
　　Angela never liked seeing plastic waste washed up on the shore near her home. She had been 　41　 to call on her community to clean it up, to change the 　42　, so she tried to set up an organization called Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea. Her 　43　 proved quite a success.  
　　Here’s how it 　44　. Volunteers help clean up 300 miles of shoreline. Then, 　45　 only plastic from the beach clean up, Angela and many other volunteers create sculptures of sea 　46　. She explains, “I mean to create sculptures that make people take a look and 　47　: ‘How can there be this much waste on the beach? ‘ 　48　 these sculptures will make people consider what they have 　49　 in their daily life and realize how so much plastic ends up in the oceans. ” So far, about 10, 000 　50　 volunteers have collected 21 tons of waste and helped create more than 70 works of art. Four traveling 　51　 have demonstrated the art works in 18 places of the country. One of the sculptures, Turtle Ocean, received a 　52　 honor. It was admitted into the National Museum.  
　　The Washed Ashore team is now working on sculpture of a dolphin, with 　53　 for more sculptures. “Until we 　54　 plastic on the beach, the work will continue. These sculptures are a(n) 　55　 for clean oceans. ” Angela says seriously.  
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Angela创立了致力于清理海岸垃圾的社区组织, 并用海岸垃圾创作出海洋生物雕塑, 以提醒人们需要的是一个洁净的海洋。
41. A. offering　　　B. longing
C. admitting D. hesitating
【解析】选B。句意: 她一直渴望号召她的社区将它清理干净, 改变现状, 所以她努力地成立了一个名为“冲上岸: 拯救海洋的艺术”的组织。 offering主动提供; longing渴望; admitting承认; hesitating犹豫。long to do sth. 渴望做某事, 符合语境, 故选B。
42. A. landscape B. world
C. surface D. situation
【解析】选D。她是想通过这个组织来改变目前塑料垃圾堆满海滩的现状。change the situation改变现状。 landscape风景, 景色; world世界; surface表面; situation现状。故选D。
43. A. attempt B. choice
C. program D. instruction
【解析】选A。根据下文可知她的努力很成功。 attempt尝试, 努力; choice选择; program节目; instruction说明。故选A。
44. A. walks B. applies
C. functions D. prepares
【解析】选C。本段后文在讲述该组织的运作流程。walks步行; applies应用, 申请; functions运作, 功能; prepares准备。故选C。
45. A. stopping B. presenting
C. delivering D. employing
【解析】选D。根据下句可知, 这些雕塑应是使用海滩清理中的塑料创作而成。stopping阻止; presenting呈现; delivering传送; employing雇用, 使用。故选D。
46. A. waste B. floor
C. waves D. creatures
【解析】选D。句意: 利用海滩清理工作中的塑料, Angela和其他许多志愿者创作了海洋生物的雕塑。 waste浪费, 废弃物; floor地板; waves海浪, 风潮; creatures生物, 动物。故选D。
47. A. rethink B. remark
C. confirm D. announce
【解析】选A。结合语境可知, 后文“How can there be this much waste on the beach? ”(海滩上怎么会有这么多垃圾? ), 这应是人们看到雕塑后思考的内容, 与后文consider相呼应。 rethink重新考虑; remark评论; confirm证明, 确认; announce宣告。故选A。
48. A. Generally B. Hopefully
C. Fortunately D. Surprisingly
【解析】选B。Angela希望这些雕塑能让人们思考他们在日常生活中购买了什么, 并意识到如此多的塑料最终会流入海洋。 Generally一般地, 普遍地; Hopefully有希望地; Fortunately幸运地; Surprisingly出乎意料地。故选B。
49. A. achieved B. observed
C. purchased D. recommended
【解析】选C。结合常识和后文“in their daily life”(在他们的日常生活中)可推知, 日常生活中购买的东西中有大量的塑料垃圾。 achieved获得; observed观察; purchased购买; recommended推荐。故选C。
50. A. devoted B. surprised
C. grateful D. adventurous
【解析】选A。句意: 到目前为止, 大约1万名志愿者已经尽心尽力地收集了21吨垃圾, 并帮助创作了70多件艺术品。 devoted挚爱的, 忠诚的, 全心全意的; surprised惊奇的; grateful感激的; adventurous有冒险精神的。故选A。
51. A. guides B. managers
C. advertisements D. exhibitions
【解析】选D。根据后文“have demonstrated the art works in 18 places of the country”可知, 在全国18个地方展出这些作品, 应是举行了巡回展。guides导游; managers经理; advertisements广告; exhibitions展览。故选D。
52. A. folk B. simple
C. special D. strange
【解析】选C。句意: 其中一个雕塑, 《海龟海洋》获得了一项特别的荣誉。 folk民间的; simple简单的; special特别的; strange奇怪的。故选C。
53. A. plans B. calls
C. elements D. exchanges
【解析】选A。句意: “冲上岸”团队现在正在制作海豚的雕塑, 并计划制作更多的雕塑。 plans计划; calls电话; elements要素, 基本成分; exchanges交换, 交谈。故选A。
54. A. get down to B. keep away from
C. get rid of D. end up with
【解析】选C。从前文可知, 该志愿者团队是打捞被冲上岸的塑料垃圾的, 当然在他们完全清除海滩上的塑料前, 工作还将继续。get down to开始考虑, 着手处理; keep away from远离; get rid of摆脱; end up with以……结束。故选C。
55. A. answer B. appeal
C. warning D. response
【解析】选B。句意: Angela严肃地说: “这些雕塑是对清洁海洋的呼吁。” answer答案; appeal呼吁; warning警告; response回复。故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·沈阳高二检测)
　　Zhong Nanshan, 56. 　　　　　 old man, is also an academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering, a famous respiratory expert, and a leading figure in the 57. 　　　　　(prevent) and control of respiratory infectious diseases in China.  
　　In the spring of 2003, the SARS epidemic broke 58. 　　　　　 in China and across the globe. Zhong Nanshan not only led 59. 　　　　　 took an active part in the battle against SARS. Dangerous as it was, Zhong Nanshan worked hard day and night 60. 　　　　　(treat) the patients. Through their hard work for several months, Zhong Nanshan and his workmates achieved a 61. 　　　　　(remark) result. Soon the SARS epidemic was stopped in its track.  
　　17 years later, when the novel coronavirus pneumonia appeared, he still fought against the virus in the first line of the battle to find the best medicine 62. 　　　　　(overcome) the virus. With him, there is a belief in victory. He is the sea god needle in our heart!  
　　Zhong Nanshan 63. 　　　　　(award) for the Medal of the Republic, a working committee for honor-granting said on Monday, which honored a number of exemplary figures in 2019 for their outstanding 64. 　　　　　(contribution) to the People’s Republic’s development since 65. 　　　　　 (it) founding in 1949.  
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国工程院院士, 著名呼吸系统专家, 全国呼吸感染性疾病防治领军人物——钟南山。
56. 【解析】an。考查冠词。句意: 钟南山, 一位老人, 是中国工程院院士, 著名呼吸科专家, 中国呼吸传染病防治领军人物。此处作Zhong Nanshan的同位语, 泛指“一位老人”, 应使用不定冠词, old的发音以元音音素开头, 应使用an。故填an。
57. 【解析】prevention。考查名词。此处与and后的control是并列成分, 作介词in的宾语, 应使用名词, 抽象意义, 不可数, 故填prevention。
58. 【解析】out。考查固定短语。句意: 2003年春天, 中国和世界各地爆发了非典疫情。根据句意可知, 此处使用固定短语break out“爆发”。故填out。
59. 【解析】but。考查固定搭配。句意: 钟南山不仅领导而且积极参加了抗击非典的战斗。根据句意可知, 此处是固定搭配not only. . . but (also). . . “不仅……而且……”。故填but。
60. 【解析】treating。考查非谓语动词。句意: 尽管它是危险的, 但是钟南山夜以继日地治疗病人。分析可知, 此处是非谓语动词, 句子主语Zhong Nanshan和treat之间是主动关系, 故用现在分词作伴随状语, 故填treating。
61. 【解析】remarkable。考查形容词。句意: 经过他们几个月的努力工作, 钟南山和他的同事们取得了令人瞩目的结果。此处修饰名词result, 应使用形容词, 作定语。故填remarkable。
62. 【解析】to overcome。考查非谓语动词。句意: 17年后, 当新冠肺炎出现时, 他仍在与病毒战斗的第一线, 寻找战胜病毒的最佳药物。当被修饰词前有序数词、形容词最高级、the only/very/just修饰时, 用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to overcome。
63. 【解析】was awarded。考查时态和语态。句意: 在周一, 中华人民共和国授勋工作委员会宣布钟南山被授予共和国勋章, 并表彰了一批自1949年新中国成立以来为国家发展做出突出贡献的2019年模范人物。award与Zhong Nanshan是被动关系, 应使用被动语态, 由a working committee for honor-granting said on Monday可知, 应使用一般过去时。故填was awarded。
64. 【解析】contributions。考查可数名词的复数。make contributions to表示“对……做贡献”。故填contributions。
65. 【解析】its。考查代词。修饰名词founding 用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
第四部分　写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2021·深圳高二检测)
　　假定你是李华。元旦前夕, 你班将举办一场迎新晚会, 请你给外教Mr White写一封信, 邀请他参加。
内容包括:
　　1. 时间;
　　2. 地点;
　　3. 活动。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
 
 
 
【参考范文】
Dear Mr White,
　　I am greatly honored to invite you to attend our party, which will be scheduled at 6 p. m. this Sunday at the school hall.
　　A variety of well-organized activities are waiting for you. To begin with, we will first enjoy delicious meals, closely followed by various performances. Then, there will come the most exciting part of the party: playing interesting games together.
　　We would love to have you here if you can make it. Please inform us at your earliest convenience, enabling us to make some necessary preparations.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
　　阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021·苏州高二检测)
　　In 1989 an 8. 2 earthquake almost destroyed America, killing over 30, 000 people in less than four minutes. In the midst of utter devastation (破坏) and chaos, a father left his wife safely at home and rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake.
　　After the unforgettably initial shock, he remembered the promise he had made to his son, “No matter what, I’ll always be there for you! ” And tears began to fill his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school, he looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his commitment to his son.
　　He began to direct his attention towards where he walked his son to class at school each morning. Remembering his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he rushed there and started digging through the ruins.
　　As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, heartbroken, saying, “My son! ” “My daughter! ” Other well-meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school, saying, “It’s too late! They’re all dead! You can’t help! Go home! Come on, face reality, there’s nothing you can do! ”
　　To each parent he responded with one line, “Are you going to help me now? ” And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. The fire chief showed up and tried to pull him off the school’s ruins, saying, “Fires are breaking out, explosions are happening everywhere. You’re in danger. We’ll take care of it. Go home. ” To which this loving, caring American father asked, “Are you going to help me now? ”
　　The police came and said, “You’re angry, anxious and it’s over. You’re endangering others. Go home. We’ll handle it! ” To which he replied, “Are you going to help me now? ” No one helped.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
　　Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know for himself: “Is my boy alive or is he dead? ”
 
 
 
　　“There are 14 of us left out of 33, Dad, ” Armand replied,
 
 
【参考范文】
　　Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know for himself: “Is my boy alive or is he dead? ” He dug for eight hours. . . 12 hours. . . 24 hours. . . 36 hours. . . Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son’s voice. After screaming his son’s name, “ARMAND! ” he heard back, “Dad? ! It’s me, Dad! ” The faint but familiar voice brought tears of relief to his eyes. “What’s going on in there? How is it? ” the father asked anxiously, digging more forcefully with his bare hands.
　　“There are 14 of us left out of 33, Dad, ” Armand replied, “We’re scared, hungry, thirsty and thankful you’re here. When the building collapsed, it made a triangle, and it saved us. ” “Come out, boy! ” the father yelled eagerly. “No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you’ll get me! No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me! ”
【教师备选】
　　阅读下面短文, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021·揭阳高二检测)
　　One day, the Mullah, an important man in the village, found his donkey was gone when he wanted to go to visit a friend. He was very angry and ran around to look for his donkey.
　　The Mullah ran about looking until he was too tired. He sat down to rest at his gate. A few friends came to join him. “That no-good lazy donkey! ” he said. “If I ever see her again, I’ll sell her for a dollar! ” Selling a donkey for a dollar was just a joke.
　　Just then the Mullah heard the sound of his donkey’s feet. He looked around. There was his donkey. On her back rode a boy, “Where did you find her? ” asked the Mullah. “We couldn’t find her anywhere. ”
　　“I knew where I would go if I were a donkey, ” said the boy. “I found her eating grass with the sheep and goats. ”
　　Suddenly, the Mullah looked to one side and saw one of his friends holding up a dollar. On the other side he saw another with a dollar.
　　“I’ll buy your donkey. ” said the two.
　　“I was joking! ” said the Mullah.
　　“You didn’t sound as if you were joking. ” said the two.
　　The Mullah couldn’t break his word. That would be wrong for an important person in the village. He certainly didn’t want to sell his donkey for a dollar. So he said, “Meet me at the donkey fair on Saturday. I shall sell her at that time. I shall sell my donkey to the one who will treat her most kindly. ”
　　Everybody was kind to animals in the village.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
　　So the Mullah thought out a plan.
 
 
 
　　My donkey and my cat are very good friends.
 
 
 
【参考范文】
　　So the Mullah thought out a plan. He wanted to keep his word and also to keep his donkey. On the night before the donkey fair, the Mullah bought a piece of rope. No one had any idea on why the Mullah bought a piece of rope. On Saturday, the man and the boy in the village came to the donkey fair as scheduled. They found a cat tied with a piece of rope to the tail of the Mullah’s donkey! Beside them stood the Mullah, who looked happy. “It is true, I’ll sell my donkey for a dollar, ” said the Mullah. “Just one thing, though. ”
　　My donkey and my cat are very good friends. They must not be parted. The kind man who buys my donkey must buy my cat also. “How much is your cat? ” asked many voices. “Oh, my cat is a very important animal, ” said the Mullah, “Her father caught a mouse for the King. Her mother seized a mouse for the Queen. None can equal its agility and smartness. For such a great cat, I want one hundred dollars. ” The men burst out laughing and gave up the idea of owning the donkey.