Module 3　Music

(主题语境:人与社会——音乐领域的概况及其发展)

1 lose v.丢失;失去;输掉;(钟、表等)走慢;使沉溺于;专心致志于

◆单句填空

①A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one advertised as　　　　　　　(lose) in the local paper.(2019课标全国Ⅱ) 

②“Things 　　　　　　　(lose) never come again!” I couldn't help talking to myself. 

③He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk 　　　　　　　(lose) the good opportunity. 

④　　　　　　　(lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. 

◆完成句子

⑤It is true that we may suffer from failure from time to time. However, it is important that we 　　　　　　　(不应失去热情) to keep on trying.(教材原句) 

⑥Whenever we are in trouble, we must never 　　　　　　　(失去信心), but try to think of the way out. 

⑦Many people are 　　　　　　　(不知所措) as to what to do when there is a fire. 

答案　①lost　②lost　③losing　④Lost　⑤(should) not lose the enthusiasm　⑥lose heart　⑦at a loss

2 influence vt.& n.影响

◆单句填空

①If a band is 　　　　　　　(influence) by another band, do they like them or not?(教材原句) 

②To test the effect of social influence 　　　　　　　eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments.(2020新高考Ⅰ) 

③It is not their interest but the need of the market that 　　　　　　　(influence) students' choices of college majors. 

④The food choices you make 　　　　　　　the influence of alcohol are generally not very good. 

⑤Chaplin was not just a genius, and he was among the most 　　　　　　　(influence) figures in film history. 

◆完成句子

⑥成就感无疑对孩子的早期教育有影响。

A sense of achievement clearly　　　　　　　children's early education. 

答案　①influenced　②on　③influences　④under

⑤influential　⑥has an influence on/upon

3 mix v.使混合;使结合;相融合

◆单句填空

①He is famous for 　　　　　　　(mix) Chinese musical traditions with western forms and instrumentation. (教材原句) 

②This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its 　　　　　　　(mix) of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素).(2018课标全国Ⅲ) 

③There has been a 　　　　　　　(mix) reaction to her appointment as director. 

◆完成句子

④我认为保持年轻的秘诀在于和更年轻的人交往。

I think the secret of staying young is 　　　　　　　younger people. 

⑤把他和他的弟弟弄混了是常有的事,因为他们是双胞胎。

It is common to 　　　　　　　because they're twin brothers. 

答案　①mixing　②mixture　③mixed　④to mix with

⑤mix him up with his brother

1 go deaf 变聋

◆完成句子

①随着年龄的增长,他开始失聪。(教材原句)

As he grew older, he began 　　　　　　　. 

②他把蔬菜半价卖掉了,而不是让它们变质。

He sold the vegetables at half price rather than let them 　　　　　　　. 

③房子里的声音突然疯狂起来,像春夜里青蛙一齐发出呱呱声。

The voices in the house suddenly 　　　　　　　, like a chorus of frogs on a spring evening. 

④在那里看到的东西气得他脸都红了。

He 　　　　　　　with anger because of what he saw there. 

⑤当他们开车沿着乡村公路行驶时,汽车坏了。

The car　　　　　　　while they were driving along the country road. 

答案　①to go deaf　②go bad　③went mad　④went red

⑤went wrong

2 make a note of 记录

◆单句填空

①Read the text and make a note 　　　　　　　any new information. (教材原句) 

②Make sure that as you read, you make a quick note 　　　　　　　what happens in each chapter. 

③The lake is noted 　　　　　　　a home to many birds. 

④He is not noted 　　　　　　　his sense of humour.  

◆完成句子

⑤查阅他们的网站,并记录下他们的网址。

Look up their website and 　　　　　　　their web address. 

答案　①of　②of　③as　④for　⑤make a note of

3 no way 没门

◆完成句子

①—Can those seated at the back of the classroom hear me?

—　　　　　　　(没问题). 

②—I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.

—　　　　　　　(没门). It was her fault.  

③　　　　　　　(难怪) he failed in the exam. He has been addicted to playing computer games recently. 

④Now that we have lost all the money, it's 　　　　　　　(没用) saying it's all my fault. 

⑤There is 　　　　　　　(毫无疑问) that to achieve a goal, one needs not only knowledge but also good personalities. 

⑥Surely there is 　　　　　　　(没意义) in discussing where the worker associations get their money from. 

答案　①No problem　②No way　③No wonder　④no use　⑤no doubt　⑥no sense

1 by the time引导时间状语从句

◆单句填空

①By the time you finish this book, your meal 　　　　　　　(get) cold. 

②By the time this letter reaches you, I 　　　　　　　(leave) the country. 

③By the time Jack returned home from England, his son 　　　　　　　(graduate) from college. 

④I 　　　　　　　(complete) all of the reading by the end of this term if the plan goes well. 

⑤By the end of last year, another new gymnasium 　　　　　　　(build) in Beijing. 

答案　①will get　②will have left　③had graduated

④will have completed　⑤had been built

2 强调句型

◆单句改错

①It was only after he had read the papers when Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.　　　　　　 

◆句型转换

②He didn't attend the meeting because he was ill.(强调原因状语从句)

→　　　　　　　he didn't attend the meeting. 

③I didn't realize this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather until I came here.(强调not until)

→　　　　　　　I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. 

④What prevented him from coming in time?(强调what)

→　　　　　　　prevented him from coming in time? 

答案　①when→that　②It was because he was ill that

③It was not until I came here that　④What was it that

1 教材与语法填空

　　阅读所学课文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn,Germany.He showed musical talent when he was very young,and learned 1.　　　(play)the piano from his father,a singer.Mozart met Beethoven and 2.　　　(impress)by him.“He will give something 3.　　　(wonder)to the world,”he said. Beethoven met Haydn but was not impressed by the 4.　　　(old)man.After they 5.　　　(know)each other for many years,Beethoven said,“He is a good composer,6.　　　he taught me nothing.”However, it was Haydn 7.　　　encouraged Beethoven 8.　　　(move)to Vienna. Beethoven became very popular in the Austrian capital and stayed there. 9.　　　he grew older, he began to go deaf. He became 10.　　　(complete)deaf during the last years of his life, but he continued composing. 

答案　1.to play　2.was impressed　3.wonderful

4.older　5.had known　6.but　7.who/that　8.to move　9.As　10.completely

2 教材与短文改错

　　根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　Ye Xiaogang,who was born in 1955,is one of a group of Chinese composers knowing as the New Tide.He writes symphonies and piece for smaller groups of musicians.He also writes film music.He showed music ability at an early age and began studying the piano when he was four years old. He studies at the Central Conservatory of Music of China. Before graduation,he worked there as lecturer.He has been one of the lead modern composers of Chinese classical music since 1985.In 1986,his album Horizon appeared but his music was played at the First Contemporary Chinese Composers' Festival in Hong Kong.He is famous as mixing Chinese musical traditions with western forms and instrumentation.

答案　1.第一句:knowing→known　2.第二句:piece→pieces   3.第四句:music→musical　

4.第四句:去掉piano前的the5.第五句:studies→studied　6.第六句:Before→After　7.第六句:as后加a　8.第七句:lead→leading　9.第八句:but→and   10.第九句:as→for

3 教材与话题写作

Ⅰ.写作要点

　　根据下面的素材,用本模块所学词汇和句式结构完成句子。

1.他是一位著名的音乐家,其音乐影响了他的听众。

2.他具有音乐才华,录制了很多专辑。

3.由于一场事故,他失去了双腿。

4.是音乐使他对生活充满信心和勇气。

5.人们对他的动人的音乐和乐观的人生态度印象深刻。

Ⅱ.连句成篇

将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。

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答案　

One possible version:

He is a famous musician, whose music has influenced his audience. He has a talent for music and has recorded many albums. Unfortunately, he lost his two legs due to an accident. It was music that made him full of confidence and courage in life. People are impressed with his catchy music and optimistic attitude to life. 

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2020江西重点中学盟校第一次联考)

Famous Dance Forms From Around The World

Singing and dancing is an essential part of many cultures around the world and has been so for centuries. Worldwide, various dance forms have evolved over the years and some have crossed their regional boundaries and gained admirers globally. Here we present some of the most famous dance styles in the world.

Ballet, Russia

No dance form can approach gracefulness as closely as the Russian ballet. It is an artistic dance form that is performed to music. The steps of Russian ballet demand high levels of precision and formality. The classical ballet dance form which originated in the Renaissance in Italy was introduced to Russia during the rule of Peter the Great and since then it has become an integral part of Russian society.

Flamenco, Spain

Flamenco is a globally famous dance form that originated in Spain. The dance is accompanied by guitar playing, singing, finger snapping, and hand clapping. Flamenco is closely linked to the Romani people in Spain, and its style is distinctly Andalusian. The art form is currently taught in many countries worldwide but is most popular in the US and Japan. In the latter country, Flamenco schools outnumber those in Spain.

Tango, Argentina

Tango is a partner dance that is associated with style and expressiveness. In the 1880s, the dance form originated along the River Plate which is the natural border between Uruguay and Argentina. Many different styles of tango exist today and international tango dancing competitions are held each year signifying the popularity of this dance.

Samba, Brazil

Samba is synonymous(同义的)with the famous Carnival of Brazil. It is a Brazilian dance style and music genre with roots in Africa and arrived in Latin America via the African slaves who arrived in Latin America with their European masters. Samba is associated with rhythm and brightly colored costumes and is considered as an integral part of the Brazilian culture.

1.Which dance form is believed to be the most graceful?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A.Tango.   B.Ballet.   C.Samba.   D.Flamenco.

2.What is the main feature of Tango?

A.High levels of precision and formality.

B.Being accompanied by finger snapping and hand clapping.

C.Rhythm and brightly colored costumes.

D.Style and expressiveness.

3.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A.Ballet originated in Russia during the rule of Peter the Great.

B.Spain has more Flamenco schools than Japan.

C.Samba was brought to Brazil by European masters.

D.All the four forms of dance mentioned did not originate in their own countries.

答案　

[语篇解读]　本文为应用文,主题语境为人与社会。文章简单介绍了芭蕾、弗拉门科、探戈和桑巴这四种舞蹈。

1.B　细节理解题。 根据第二段第一句话No dance form can approach gracefulness as closely as the Russian ballet.可知选B。

2.D　细节理解题。 根据第四段的第一句话Tango is a partner dance that is associated with style and expressiveness.可知选D。

3.D　推理判断题。根据Flamenco is a globally famous dance form that originated in Spain.可知Flamenco是源于西班牙的,其他三种舞蹈源于其他国家。故选D。

B

(2020全国Ⅰ卷考前压轴卷)

From the cold Arctic to the African plains, every society seems to have some form of music as part of their culture. Music is so common and widespread that most people don't even question it anymore. But until recently, there were researchers who doubted it:How could we know that music was really a part of all known societies?

Now, Harvard researchers, Samuer Mehr and Manvir Singh, have found further evidence to support the argument. They gathered music from different countries, media and time periods, and collected descriptions of many different pieces of music. Rather than focusing on music first and then looking at where it could be found, they started by studying a record of detailed descriptions of more than three hundred known global societies, and found that all of them have music as part of their culture.

To see if people could recognize the functions of songs from around the world, the researchers also created a listening experiment in which people tried to guess the behavioral context of a song. This went surprisingly well. Particularly music that was intended for dancing or to calm a baby was easy to be recognized as either dance music or lullabies. Love songs were a bit more difficult to qualify, because they tend to be very diverse even within cultures.

　　This systematic study of connections sounds like the way that researchers in other fields would study biological patterns. “There's a field known as cultural phylogenetics,” says Singh. Whereas biological characteristics are only received from parent to child, cultural characteristics (like music) are also shared between people of the same generation. That makes it much more difficult to figure out where the characteristic has come from.

“Finally,” Singh says, “We still don't know why music developed gradually. Our study shows that humans everywhere share cognitive mechanisms (认知机制) that make certain sounds seem appropriate in particular contexts.”

4.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A.The fact that music is part of every culture.

B.The question whether music is widely spread.

C.The doubt whether further research has been done.

D.The idea that Africa and the Arctic have cool music.

5.What did Mehr and Singh do first?

A.They found out further evidence.

B.They studied various societies.

C.They sought the origins of music.

D.They focused mainly on music.

6.What's the purpose of the listening experiment?

A.To comfort a baby.

B.To pick out love songs.

C.To create a context.

D.To tell the functions of songs.

7.What is the main idea of the text?

A.Music shapes societies in different cultures.

B.Global music shares common characteristics.

C.Musical systems display cultural differences.

D.Multi-culture is based on biological patterns.

答案　

[语篇解读]　本文介绍了世界各地的音乐拥有共同的特点,同时成为各种文化不可或缺的组成部分。

4.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“How could we know that music was really a part of all known societies?”可推知it指代音乐是每种文化的一部分这一事实。故选A项。

5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Rather than focusing on music first and then looking at where it could be found, they started by studying a record of detailed descriptions of more than three hundred known global societies...可知, Mehr和Singh首先做的事情是研究全球三百多个已知社会群体详细描述的纪录。故选B项。

6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话To see if people could recognize the functions of songs from around the world, the researchers also created a listening experiment in which...可知,听乐辨析实验的目的是看人们能否对世界各地的音乐功能加以辨别。故选D项。

7.B　主旨大意题。研究人员发现世界各地的音乐拥有共同的特点,即能够长期依附于各种社会群体的各种活动,同时成为各种文化不可或缺的组成部分,B项具有很好的概括性和针对性。故选B项。

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2019河北衡水中学高三模拟)

Experts say boredom is good for kids. It forces them to be creative,　1　 their imaginations, and helps them discover new things. A(n)　2　 in point is 13-year-old Luke Thrill from Dubuque, Iowa. 

Luke was　3　of playing video games and riding his bike, so he decided to build a tiny house in his backyard instead. He made money from cutting lawns(草坪) and 　4　 exchanged some services, such as sweeping an electrical engineer's garage 　5　 the help of him. Luke also 　6　 spare materials from his grandmother's house and other 　7　 materials from his neighbors for some of the windows and the door. 

The 89-square-foot home cost $1,500 to build and 　8　 18 months. Inside there's a kitchenette, a sitting room, a table and a mounted(镶嵌的) TV, and an upstairs bedroom can be easily 　9　 by stairway. 

Although Luke did the　10　 and learned how to do all the work, he had his father's 　11　throughout the project. Greg Thrill was very happy that his son learned to stay on 　12　 and deal with grown-ups.　13　, he had some simple rules when Luke 　14　 the house,“You 　15　the money. You build it. And you own it.” 

Luke is now in love with　16　. He has a YouTube channel and hopes to　17　 other kids to start building.　18　, he wants to build a bigger house to live in, but for now, he 　19　 in his new home a few nights a week, does homework there, and uses it to take a 　20　 from his twin brother. 

1.A.changes    B.ignores    C.improves    D.weakens

2.A.method    B.explanation   C.procedure    D.case

3.A.tired    B.fond     C.confident    D.guilty

4.A.thus     B.even     C.still     D.anyhow

5.A.in exchange for  B.in praise of   C.in support of   D.in place of

6.A.updated    B.ordered    C.removed    D.used

7.A.recycled    B.cheap     C.new     D.raw

8.A.spent　　   B.took　　    C.saved　　    D.wasted

9.A.supported　　  B.accessed　　   C.held　　    D.landed

10.A.research   B.housework   C.experiment   D.discovery

11.A.permission　　  B.help　　    C.control　　   D.order

12.A.credit　　   B.business　　   C.budget　　   D.duty

13.A.Therefore   B.Besides    C.Rather    D.However

14.A.finished   B.decorated    C.started    D.painted

15.A.borrow　　  B.donate　　   C.raise　　    D.distribute

16.A.books　　   B.videos　　   C.riding　　   D.building

17.A.inspire　　   B.press　　    C.command　　   D.warn

18.A.Luckily   B.Eventually    C.Frequently                 D.Strangely

19.A.brings out   B.leaves out    C.hangs out    D.puts out

20.A.ride　　   B.risk　　    C.chance　　   D.break

答案　

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述13岁的卢克对建筑感兴趣的例子,证明无聊对孩子有好处。它迫使他们变得有创造力,提高他们的想象力,帮助他们发现新的事物。

1.C　由下文 and helps them discover new things可知,前后为并列关系。故选C。

2.D　根据下文内容可知,此处表示“一个恰当的例子”,故选D。

3.A　根据Experts say boredom is good for kids.可知,专家认为无聊对孩子有好处,此处应该表达卢克厌倦了玩电子游戏和骑自行车。故选A。

4.B　even在此处作副词,意为“甚至”,故选B项。

5.A　由前文exchanged some services可知A选项切题。

6.D　根据常识可知,建筑房屋需要使用材料,故选D项。

7.A　此处意为卢克还用他的邻居家的其他可循环利用的材料做一些窗户和门。

8.B　此处表示建这座房子耗时18个月,故选B。

9.B　此处意为楼上的卧室可以很容易地通过楼梯进入。

10.A　由前文对房子内部的描述可知,卢克是进行了研究,故A选项切题。

11.B　句意:尽管卢克做了研究,并学会了如何做所有的工作,但他在整个项目中都得到了他父亲的帮助,故选B。

12.C　此处考查固定短语on budget,表示“在预算内”,故选C。

13.D　前后语义转折,故选D项。

14.C　此处表达的是卢克在建这个房子之前,故选C项。

15.C　由前文的修剪草坪赚钱可知C选项切题。

16.D　上下文都在讲述卢克建造房子的事。故选D项。

17.A　由上句可知卢克喜欢上了建筑,所以他想通过YouTube来激励其他的孩子对建筑感兴趣。故选A项。

18.B　此处表示最后,他想建一个更大的房子来居住。故选B。

19.C　此处表示他每周都要在他的新房子里待上几个晚上。bring out使显现;leave out遗漏;hang out常去某处;put out扑灭。

20.D　此处指避开他的双胞胎兄弟,故选D。

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2019安徽“江南十校”3月检测)

The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB), the 　1　(eight) wonder of the 21st century, opened on the morning of October 24th, 2018. The bridge links three areas, making 　2　 much more convenient to travel from one to another. Since opening, the three-hour drive 　3　 Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao 　4　(shorten) to 30 minutes. 

The project involved more than 400 new patents, broke seven world records, and featured 　5　(independent) developed key techniques and design. After an 8-year struggle, the success of the HZMB achieves 　6　several generations have been dreaming of, and amazes the whole world with its demonstration of perfect skills and high-level Chinese standards. The bridge is intended to be 　7　(rely) for more than 120 years. From the Belt and Road Initiative to “Created in China”, there is always a group of people 　8　(provide) strong technical support for each of the country's huge projects. From the beginning in December 2009 to the day of the official opening, all 　9　(walk) of life made great contributions to the design and construction of the HZMB, contributing “　10　(wise) of China”. 

1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　 

6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　 

答案　

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了21世纪第八大奇迹——港珠澳大桥。

1.eighth　考查序数词。句意:2018年10月24日上午,21世纪第八大奇迹——港珠澳大桥开通。根据定冠词the可知此处用序数词,故答案为eighth。

2.it　考查it的用法。句意:这座桥连接了三个地区,使得从一个地区到另一个地区更加方便。此处it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式,故答案为it。

3.between　考查介词。句意:自开通以来,香港、珠海和澳门之间的3小时车程已缩短至30分钟。between...and...在……和……之间,故答案为between。

4.has been shortened　考查动词的时态和语态。句意参见上题。根据时间状语Since opening可知,句子应用现在完成时态,句子主语the three-hour drive是第三人称单数形式,和shorten之间是被动关系,所以这里用现在完成时的被动语态,故答案为has been shortened。

5.independently　考查副词。句意:该项目涉及400多项新专利,打破7项世界纪录,以自主研发的关键技术和设计为特色。此处应用副词修饰形容词developed,故答案为independently。

6.what　考查宾语从句。经过8年的奋斗,港珠澳大桥的成功实现了几代人一直梦想的事情。此处引导宾语从句,作dreaming of的宾语,故答案为what。

7.reliable　考查形容词。句意:这座桥预计可使用120多年。be动词后面应用形容词作表语,故答案为reliable。

8.providing　考查非谓语动词。句意:从一带一路倡议到“中国创造”,总有一群人为国家的每个重大项目提供强有力的技术支持。此处考查非谓语动词作后置定语,people 和provide之间是主动关系,应用provide的现在分词作后置定语,故答案为providing。

9.walks　考查名词。句意:从2009年12月开工至正式开放,各行各业为港珠澳大桥的设计和建设做出了巨大贡献,贡献了“中国智慧”。all walks of life各行各业,故答案为walks。

10.Wisdom　考查名词。句意参见上题。此处应用名词作contributing的宾语,故答案为Wisdom。