高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future综合训练题

七　Unit 2　Period 3

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

　　Every year, TIME selects the best inventions that are making the world better, smarter and, in some cases, a little more fun. Here are the ones on last year’s list.

The Ultimate Alarm Clock

It’s hard to believe that an alarm clock, called Hello

Sense, can not only be beautiful but also improve your

sleep. It can control the temperature, light and even air

quality in your bedroom to help you have a perfect sleep environment. It can wake you up when you’re in the lightest part of your sleep cycle and ready to wake. You can also speak to Sense to find out how well you sleep.

The Folding Bike Helmet

People refuse to wear a helmet because it’s thick and

heavy. The morpher, a bike helmet made from

interweaved(交织的) plastic is just as strong as the

traditional ones, but flexible enough to fold almost totally flat, making it easier to carry.

Shoes That Tie Themselves

Almost everyone who sees the movie Back to the Future wants a pair of shoes which tie themselves. Now, thanks to Nike, the shoe dream is a reality. When you press a button near the tongue, the sneakers themselves tighten and loosen around your feet. Simplified shoe fastening could be helpful for the athletes during the competition, and it’s especially useful for people with the impaired(受损的) motor nerve.

Sweet Potatoes That Could Save Lives

In sub-Saharan Africa, the lack of vitamin A puts children

at risk of blindness, and other diseases. Plant scientists are helping some countries grow their own solutions in the form of sweet potatoes. And they fight against droughts. Last year, the orange-colored sweet potatoes won the World Food Prize and have been seen as a healthy crop for all.

【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了使我们的生活更便捷的四种发明。

1. What do we know about Hello Sense?

A. It shows you ways of sleeping well.

B. It can serve as a light in your bedroom.

C. It tries its best to improve your quality of sleep.

D. It can wake you up at any time every day.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一项发明中的It’s hard to believe that an alarm clock, called Hello Sense, can not only be beautiful but also improve your sleep. 可知答案选C。

2. Who are more suitable to wear shoes that tie themselves?

A. Ones who enjoy seeing Back to the Future.

B. Ones who practice running.

C. Ones who are fans of Nike.

D. Ones who have trouble with the motor nerve.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Shoes That Tie Themselves一段中的it’s especially useful for people with the impaired motor nerve. 可知这种鞋尤其适合运动神经有问题的人。所以答案选D。

3. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Sweet Potatoes make a difference in sub-Saharan Africa.

B. Sweet Potatoes can keep children off any disease.

C. Sweet Potatoes are often used to prevent droughts.

D. Sweet Potatoes have taken place of other crops in Africa.

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据本段可知非洲撒哈拉地区的孩子由于缺乏维生素A而面临失明的危险, 地瓜抗干旱, 适合沙漠地区生长; 富含胡萝卜素, 对眼睛有好处。由此推断地瓜对这个地区是非常有意义的。故答案选A。

4. Which column is the passage probably taken from?

A. History. 　　B. Travel. 　 C. Science. 　 D. Culture.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。综合全文可知这四项发明与科技有关, 所以是来自科技栏目。故答案选C。

Ⅱ. 阅读填句

　　根据下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。

(2021·临沂高二检测)

The man who could see the future

The ability to predict the future is a rare talent. American author Isaac Asimov (1920—1992), one of the great science fiction writers of his age, had such a talent. 　1　 Now that we’re here, let’s see what he got right.  

　2　 Asimov thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the industrial revolution of the 19th century. Specifically, he said that “mobile computerized objects” would be an important part of everyday life. Here, he clearly predicted our world of smartphones, tables and other devices. He also had a great deal to say about space exploration. 　3　 

How did Asimov develop his special sense of future developments? 　4　 He read the newspapers and magazines sold in his parents’ candy store. His scientific interest gained sharper focus at Columbia University in New York. Asimov went to study chemistry, but became bored with pure laboratory science. Instead, he thought hard about the social implications(作用) of science. He wanted to communicate his ideas to the public.  

　5　 Asimov had his finger on the pulse(脉搏)of both scientific and social change. He had a clear vision of what was coming around the corner for humanity in his works like the Galactic Empireseries(《银河帝国系列》). “His predictions are absolutely fascinating, ” Calum Chase, an English writer, told BBC News. “He is a genius. ”  

A. As a smart boy, Asimov taught himself to read at the age of five.

B. Space exploration really can make our life more convenient and comfortable.

C. Back in 1983, he was asked to predict what the world would look like in 2019.

D. On the role that computing would play in the future, he was amazingly accurate.

E. Asimov has developed a great interest in computer programming since childhood.

F. As an author, his books would feature the theme of social change caused by technology.

G. The International Space Station proved his prediction that we would not simply visit space but seek to stay there.

【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了科幻大师阿西莫夫和他的预言的准确性以及他是如何培养他对未来发展的特殊意识的。

1. 【解析】选C。上文提到“美国作家艾萨克·阿西莫夫是他那个时代最伟大的科幻作家之一, 他有这样一种天赋”; 下文提到“让我们看看他预测对了什么”。由此可知, 空格处在本段中起承上启下的作用。故C选项“早在1983年, 他就被要求预测2019年的世界会是什么样子”承上启下。

2. 【解析】选D。根据“Asimov thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the industrial revolution of the 19th century”可知, 阿西莫夫认为计算机将引发一场与19世纪工业革命相当的革命。D项“关于计算机在未来将所扮演的角色, 他惊人准确地预测了”是说明他预测的计算机的结果, 与本段内容符合。

3. 【解析】选G。根据“He also had a great deal to say about space exploration”可知, 关于太空探索, 他也预测了。所以空格处要接着说他预言的结果。故G选项“国际空间站证明了他的预言, 我们不仅要拜访太空, 还要设法留在那里”与太空探索相关, 而且是预测结果。

4. 【解析】选A。根据“He read the newspapers and magazines sold in his parents’ candy store”可知, 他读了他父母糖果店出售的报纸和杂志。所以空格处要与下一句一起来说明阿西莫夫是如何培养他对未来发展的特殊意识的。故A选项“作为一个聪明的男孩, 阿西莫夫在五岁时就开始自学”承上启下。

5. 【解析】选F。阅读本段可知, 本段主要在说作为一名作家, 他的书以科技引起的社会变革为主题, 故选F项。

Ⅲ. 完形填空

　　“Mum, can I invite my classmate Brett over to stay tomorrow night, please?  It’s Friday, and we don’t have any 　1　. Can I, please? ” Mum was sitting at the kitchen table. Dad was 　2　 next to her, resting his head on his arms. Mum could 　3　 that James wanted so badly to have his friend over.  

“I’m so sorry, James, ” she said.

“I’m never allowed to have friends come to the house?  Why, Mum? ” James asked sadly, almost in 　4　.  

“I know it’s 　5　 for you, ” Mum said softly. “But I’m just worried other people might think we’re a little strange. And then they would make fun of you. ” 

“No, they wouldn’t, Mum, ” James protested. “We’re not 　6　 at all. We’re just ordinary people. ” 

Mum sighed heavily. “To tell you the truth, James, my neck has been so painful that it’s given me a heavy 　7　. And your poor father—he doesn’t feel well. He really needs a rest. ” 

“I can help, Mum! ” James said. “　8　 I can make you and Dad feel better, can Brett come over?  Please? ” 

“Well. . . ” Mum began.

“Great!  Thanks, Mum! ” James almost shouted. “Just sit there, don’t move. ” He rushed over to the kitchen drawer and 　9　 what he needed—two spanners(扳手). “Hang on, Mum, ” he said. “This won’t take a second. ” After some　10　,  James finished. With a smile of 　11　 on his face,  he said, “There!  How does that feel? ” “Oh, James, ” Mum said. “That’s much better!  How did you do it? ” 

“Easy, ” James said proudly. “Dad had tightened your neck bolts(螺栓) too much!  I just 　12　 them slightly!  I learned that in robotic science at school. ” 

“What about your father?  Can you help him? ” asked Mum.

“I’ll try, ” James replied. He 　13　 up Dad’s hair at the back of his neck, and plugged the electric wire into Dad’s head. Then he turned the 　14　 on. Dad opened his eyes and sat up immediately. “He just let his battery run too low, that’s all, ” James said. “Shall I tell Brett to come over straight after school tomorrow? ” 

“I guess so, ” replied Mum. “Your friends will just have to 　15　 that we are a very unusual family. Thanks, son! ” 

【语篇概述】本文是一篇科幻题材的记叙文, 讲述了James如何利用所学的东西来帮助爸爸和妈妈解决身体上出现的问题。

1. A. chance 　B. message　 C. homework　 D. difficulty

【解析】选C。背景常识题。根据常识可知, 孩子应该是没有家庭作业。所以选C。

2. A. asleep B. reading C. alone D. standing

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下文的“. . . resting his head on his arms. ”“He really needs a rest. ”以及“Dad opened his eyes. . . ”可知, 父亲应该是睡着了。

3. A. explain  B. see C. agree  D. doubt

【解析】选B。上下文语境题。根据语境可知, 妈妈明白James非常想让他的朋友过来。

4. A. terror  B. tears C. surprise   D. silence

【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。被母亲拒绝了, James感到伤心, 快要流出眼泪了。terror“恐怖”; tear“眼泪”; surprise“吃惊”; silence“安静”。

5. A. fair  B. easy  C. good  D. hard

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。此句与上文的sadly相呼应, 母亲明白James的难处, 故选D项。

6. A. strange B. normal  C. popular  D. anxious

【解析】选A。词汇复现题。此处与上文的strange相呼应。

7. A. headache B. loss C. task D. day

【解析】选A。上下文语境题。此处与本句的painful相呼应, 指脖子的疼痛引起头痛。

8. A. As  B. If C. Since D. Before

【解析】选B。上下文语境题。前后句为条件关系。James说: “如果我能让你和父亲感觉好一点儿, Brett能过来吗? ”

9. A. kept  B. controlled  C. found  D. returned

【解析】选C。上下文语境题。他去厨房的抽屉里找他所需要的东西。

10. A. requests     B. thoughts

C. repairs       D. instructions

【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据上文他去找扳手, 应该是帮妈妈修理脖子上的螺栓。

11. A. sympathy    B. satisfaction

 C. bitterness     D. politeness

【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。修理好后, 他带着满意的微笑。sympathy“同情”; satisfaction“满意”; bitterness“痛苦”; politeness“礼貌”。

12. A. adjusted   B. collected  C. produced  D. covered

【解析】选A。上下文语境题。根据前一句“Dad had tightened your neck bolts too much! ”可知, 此处指稍微调整了这些螺栓。

13. A. lifted    B. caught    C. gave   D. filled

【解析】选A。词义辨析题。他把父亲脖子后面的头发提起来。lift up“提起, 举起”; catch up“追上”; give up“放弃”; fill up“充满”。

14. A. television  B. power  C. light   D. gas

【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据前文的electric wire可知, 此处应该是打开电源。

15. A. prove  B. expect  C. suspect  D. accept

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据前文可知, 母亲一开始担心朋友会怀疑他们是一个奇怪的家庭, 后来James把父母的问题解决了, 母亲认为他的朋友应该会接受他们这个不寻常的家庭。

Ⅰ. 完形填空

Dad had a green comb (木梳). He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his 　1　 and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK? ” 

I was 　2　 to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such 　3　. I would excitedly turn the tap　4　 and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would 　5　 affectionately (慈爱地) at me and place the comb on his wallet.  

Two years later, Dad started his own 　6　, which wasn’t doing so well. That was when things started to change. Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became mad with him for placing our family in trouble. With 　7　 passing by, an uncomfortable silence grew between us.  

After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home 　8　. As usual I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me 　9　 my comb? ” I looked at him a while, then 　10　 the comb and headed to the sink(水槽).  

It hit me then:  why, as a child, 　11　 Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure. That routine(习惯) meant Dad was home early to 　12　 the evening with Mum and me. It 　13　 a happy and loving family.  

I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and carefully placed his comb on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something 　14　. Dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, yet his smile was still as 　15　 as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good life for his family.  

【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文, 从父亲的木梳切入文章, 作者向我们讲述了一个为了让家人过上更好生活而努力的伟大的父亲, 同时我们也感受到了作者渴望温馨家庭的热烈情感。

1. A. bag  B. wallet   C. comb   D. brush

【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据第一句“Dad had a green comb”可知每天晚上把木梳递给我让我帮他清理干净。所以选C。

2. A. upset   B. tired  C. ashamed  D. pleased

【解析】选D。上下文语境题。根据下文的“I would excitedly turn the tap. . . ”中的“excitedly”说明我很高兴为父亲做这样的事情。故D项正确。

3. A. joy  B. sadness  C. courage   D. pain

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。joy快乐; sadness悲伤; courage勇气; pain痛苦; 根据上文可知我很喜欢做这件事情, 所以可以推断这个任务给我带来很多快乐。故A项正确。

4. A. out   B. over    C. in   D. on

【解析】选D。上下文语境题。根据上文的clean 可知清洗木梳需要用水, 所以我打开水龙头仔细地清洗木梳。turn out结果是; turn over翻转; turn in上交; turn on打开; 故D项正确。

5. A. stare    B. smile   C. shout   D. laugh

【解析】选B。上下文语境题。此处表示我洗完梳子, 会很开心地交还给父亲, 而父亲会亲切地朝我微笑, 并把梳子放入他的钱包。故选B。

6. A. family B. business C. task  D. journey

【解析】选B。上下文语境题。根据下文“Dad’s business”可知, 两年后, 父亲决定开始自己创业。start his own business开始自己创业。

7. A. time  B. patience  C. speed  D. ease

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据文意, 随着时间的流逝, 我们之间有了一种令人不舒适的寂静, 这里暗示出家庭成员之间有了隔阂。

8. A. gradually  B. early  C. frequently  D. actually

【解析】选B。上下文语境题。此处指我毕业后, 父亲的生意开始回到了正轨, 在我28岁生日那天, 父亲早早地回到了家。故选B。

9. A. share  B. repair C. clean D. keep

【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据第一段中的“Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK”可知, 此处指父亲让作者帮他清洗(clean)一下梳子。故选C。

10. A. dropped   B. took  C. handed   D. threw

【解析】选B。上下文语境题。此处指作者接过(took)那把梳子, 然后向水槽那里走去。take拿; 取。故选B。

11. A. watching B. letting  C. helping  D. hearing

【解析】选C。上下文语境题。根据“Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK”可知, 此处指帮助父亲清洗梳子。

12. A. find   B. lose C. waste D. spend

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。那个习惯意味着父亲回家很早, 与我和母亲一起度过晚上。spend度过。故选D。

13. A. affected  B. supported  C. meant  D. broke

【解析】选C。上下文语境题。对应上一句的meant, 那意味着我们是一个快乐有爱的家庭。故选C。

14. A. different B. exciting   C. interesting   D. official

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据句意可知, 但是这一次, 我注意到一些不同的事情: 父亲变老了, 当他微笑时, 他的眼角出现了皱纹, 故选A。

15. A. ignorant   B. heartwarming

C. grateful             D. calm

【解析】选B。词义辨析题。根据句意可知, 父亲的微笑仍然像以前一样令人感到温暖。ignorant “无知的, 愚昧的”; heartwarming“感人的, 暖心的”;  grateful“感激的”; calm“平静的”。所以选B。

Ⅱ. 语法填空

　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

(2021·南阳高二检测)

A 23-year-old British woman has invented a product made 1. ___________ combining fishing waste and algae(海藻). It could be used to replace plastic bags, 2. people use once and throw away. Lucy Hughes created the material, called Marina Tex. On November 13, Hughes 3. (award) the international winner of the 2019 James Dyson Award for design.  

Marina Tex is stronger, 4. ___________(safe) and much more sustainable than the plastic polyethylene(聚乙烯). But unlike plastic, Marina Tex is also easier 5. (break) down in four to six weeks in normal conditions and does not pollute the soil. Concerned about the growing amounts of plastics in ocean waters, she is investigating ways to reduce the amount of waste from the fishing industry, which produces 6. ___________(approximate) 50 million tons of waste worldwide each year.  

7. ___________(examine) fish parts left over from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was useful and did not harm the environment. After months of testing,  Hughes 8. ___________(produce) a strong, flexible sheet that forms at temperatures below 100 degrees Celsius.  

Hughes will receive about $41, 000 in prize money as the first place 9. ___________(win) of the James Dyson Award. She plans to use the money to further develop the product and ways to mass produce 10. ___________.  

【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了一位23岁的英国妇女发明的一种通过把捕鱼废料和藻类结合起来制作的环保产品。

1. 【解析】by。考查介词。句意:  一位23岁的英国妇女发明了一种通过把捕鱼废料和藻类结合起来制作的产品。by doing sth. “通过做某事”是固定搭配, 根据句意, 故填by。

2. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。分析句子可知, _______people use once and throw away为定语从句, 先行词是plastic bags, 在从句中作宾语, 引导非限制性定语从句, 用关系代词which, 故填which。  

3. 【解析】was awarded。考查动词时态和语态。award 是谓语动词, 根据时间状语On November 13可知, 用一般过去时, award与主语Hughes是被动关系, 用被动语态, 且主语是第三人称单数, 故填was awarded。

4. 【解析】safer。考查形容词比较级。由下文的than可知用形容词的比较级, 与stronger和much more sustainable并列作表语, 故填safer。

5. 【解析】to break。考查非谓语动词。形容词后用不定式作状语, 故填to break。

6. 【解析】approximately。考查副词。修饰动词produces用副词作状语, 故填approximately。

7. 【解析】Examining。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知, _______ fish parts作主语, 用动名词形式, 且位于句首单词首字母大写, 故填Examining。  

8. 【解析】produced。考查动词时态。produce作谓语, 根据时间状语After months of testing可知, 用一般过去时, 故填produced。

9. 【解析】winner。考查名词。 根据语境可知, 空格处指的是“获胜者”, 第一名获胜者用单数, 故填winner。

10. 【解析】it。考查代词。句意:  她计划用这笔钱来进一步开发这种产品和大规模生产它的方法。因此可知, 空格处指代上文提到的the product, 故填it。