高中英语Unit 2 Looking into the Future随堂练习题

八　Unit 2　Period 4

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A city in the Republic of Korea,  which has the world’s

highest smartphone usage rate,  has placed flashing lights at a road crossing to warn “smartphone zombies” (低头族) to look up and drivers to slow down,  in the hope of preventing accidents.

The designers of the system were motivated by growing worry that more pedestrians (行人) addicted to their phones will become victims in a country that already has some of the highest injury rates among developed countries.

State-run Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology believes its system of flashing lights at crossings can warn both pedestrians and drivers.

In addition to red,  yellow and blue LED lights on the road,  “smartphone zombies” will be warned by flashing lights and a warning sent to the phones by an app that they are about to step into traffic.

“Increasing numbers of accidents are happening at pedestrian crossings,  so these lights are needed to prevent these pedestrian accidents, ” said KICT senior researcher Kim Jong-hoon.

The Republic of Korea has the world’s highest smartphone usage rate,  according to Pew Research Center,  with about 94 percent of adults owning smartphones in 2017,  compared with 77 percent in the United States and 59 percent in Japan.

For now,  the warning system is set up only in Ilsan,  a city about 30 km northwest of the capital,  Seoul,  but is expected to go nationwide,  according to the institute.

Kim Dan-hee,  a 23-year-old citizen of Ilsan,  welcomed the system,  saying she was often too absorbed in her phone to remember to look at traffic.  “This flashing light makes me feel safe as it makes me look around again,  and I hope that we can have more of these in town, ” she said.

【语篇概述】本文是一篇科技说明文, 主要讲述的是为了提醒“智能手机低头族”们抬头看路, 并让驾驶人员减速, 避免意外发生, 韩国某市在十字路口安装了闪灯装置。

1. What is the purpose of the Republic of Korea’s new warning system?

A. To prevent pedestrian accidents.

B. To limit the use of phones.

C. To remind pedestrians to look around.

D. To ensure drivers’ safety.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的to warn “smartphone zombies” to look up and drivers to slow down,  in the hope of preventing accidents可知答案选A。

2. How does the writer introduce the high smartphone usage rate of the Republic of Korea?

A. By describing a scene. 　    B. By making comparison.

C. By explaining a subject.      D. By raising a question.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。在第六段中通过对韩国与美国和日本2017年成年人拥有手机的百分比进行对比得知韩国是世界上智能手机使用率最高的国家。所以答案选B。

3. What’s Kim Dan-hee’s attitude to the new warning system?

 A. Supportive.   B. Indifferent.

C. Objective.    D. Doubtful.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的This flashing light makes me feel safe as it makes me look around again,  and I hope that we can have more of these in town可知她对这个装置的态度是支持的。

4. What is the best title for the text?

 A. Flashing lights at the crossing in different countries

 B. Watching out for safety while crossing the road

 C. The Republic of Korea ranking the world’s highest phone usage rate

 D. New warning system to prevent accidents in the Republic of Korea

【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段可知为了提醒“智能手机低头族”们抬头看路, 并让驾驶人员减速, 避免意外发生, 韩国某市在十字路口安装了闪灯装置。所以答案选D。

Ⅱ. 阅读填句

(2021·衡水高二检测)

Last week after my motorcycle crashed on the freeway, I wanted only two simple things from technology:  to call 911 and tell loved ones where I could be found. 　1　 When she opened Google Maps, she could see precisely where I was.  

For years, tech companies have offered different ways for people to tell one another where they are. 　2　 If used carelessly, location tracking may hurt your privacy. But used thoughtfully, it can be a powerful and efficient communication tool. 　3　 

When you make plans to meet friends somewhere like a movie theater, get in the habit of sharing your location for a short duration, like an hour. This way you can skip saying things like “I’m on my way” or “I’m running a few minutes behind” because people can simply follow you on the map.

　4　 Location sharing can be useful for being thoughtful (考虑周到的) of your partner’s time and space. For example, I am less likely to text my partner when I see she is at the office or driving on a freeway, but I will text when I see she is at the grocery store to ask her to pick something up.  

Next time you plan an event at a large outdoor space, do your friends a favor:  　5　 Wandering around aimlessly in a crowded open space can be annoying.  

A. Here are my suggestions for the best time to use it.

B. For safety reasons, avoid sharing your location publicly.

C. Use an app to share your current location so they can find you.

D. Consider sharing your location occasionally with your partner.

E. There are many ways for third parties to find out where we were.

F. Yet location tracking has caused disagreement for the last decade.

G. Before calling 911, I texted my partner who was already tracking my location with an app.

【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文, 科技的发展使得共享位置成为可能, 但是什么情况下适合共享呢?  这是一个问题。本文作者给出了几条建议。

1. 【解析】选G。根据上文I wanted only two simple things from technology: to call 911 and tell loved ones where I could be found中call 911 and tell loved ones可以对应到G选项中的calling 911, I texted my partner。G项“在拨打911之前, 我给我的伴侣发了短信, 她已经在用一款应用程序跟踪我的位置了。”符合语境。故选G。

2. 【解析】选F。根据下文If used carelessly, location tracking may hurt your privacy.  . . . communication tool可知, 位置跟踪引起了不同意见, 故F选项“然而, 在过去的十年里, 位置跟踪引起了分歧。”符合语境。故选F。

3. 【解析】选A。根据下文提出的关于共享位置的建议, 可知本空应为“以下是我对共享位置最佳使用时间的建议。”故选A。

4. 【解析】选D。根据下文Location sharing can be useful for being thoughtful of your partner’s time and space. 中的partner’s可锁定D选项中的partner, D项“考虑偶尔和你的伴侣分享你的位置。”符合语境。故选D。

5. 【解析】选C。根据上文Next time you plan an event at a large outdoor space, do your friends a favor可知, C选项“使用一个应用程序来分享你当前的位置, 这样他们就能找到你。”符合语境, 是对前面内容的解释说明。其中they对应your friends。故选C。

Ⅲ. 完形填空

　　I log onto a computer at the doctor’s office to say I have arrived and then wait until a voice calls me into the examination room. There, a robotic nurse 　1　 me onto the scales and then takes my blood pressure. Some time later, in steps the 　2　, who is also a robot. He notes down my symptoms and gives me a prescription (处方). I pay for my 　3　 using a credit card and return home without having met another human being. This is my nightmarish (噩梦般的) vision of the 　4　, which hasn’t happened 　5　 yet.  

I should say I really do like many aspects of 　6　. But I am writing this because I don’t want machines to 　7　. When I call my dentist’s office and actually get a human being on the line, I am 　8　. And when I see the introduction of yet more self-service checkout stations at the grocery store, I feel like shouting.  

After all, human cashiers sometimes 　9　 you a store coupon (优惠券) for items you are 　10　. Even more than that, real-life cashiers often take an interest in particularly cute children, which can 　11　 young mothers’ day. A cashier may also show compassion for an elderly person 　12　 to get that last penny out of his purse.  

Machines can be efficient and cost-effective and they often get the job done just fine. 　13　 they lack an element so important to everyday life. Call it the spirit, the soul or the heart. It is 　14　 no machine will ever have. It is human beings 　15　 encourage us to smile at others, which may be what they need at that moment.  

【语篇概述】本文是一篇议论文, 随着科技的发展, 机器越来越多地被应用于人类的日常生活中, 作者认为机器固然能给人类的生活带来便利, 但感觉机器缺少人性, 缺少人与人之间的温情。

1. A. tears　　B. directs　　 C. follows　　D. separates

【解析】选B。词义辨析题。根据上文中的“I have arrived and then wait until a voice calls me into the examination room”可知作者等着进入检查室; 结合常识, 这里指机器人护士指示着作者到秤上测体重, 然后去量血压。tear“撕破”; direct“指示; 引导”; follow“跟着, 跟随”; separate“(使)分开”。

2. A. teacher   B. lawyer  C. doctor   D. engineer

【解析】选C。背景常识题。根据下文中的He notes down my symptoms and gives me a prescription 可知, 开处方的是医生(doctor)。

3. A. bill   B. visit    C. medicine   D. examination

【解析】选B。词义辨析题。作者使用信用卡支付就诊的费用, 这里用visit表示“就诊”, 指找医生看病, 费用包括检查费等。bill“账单”; medicine“药物”; examination“检查”。

4. A. past   B. present   C. future   D. history

【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据后面的“which hasn’t happened”可推断这是未来会发生的噩梦般的一幕。

5. A. at most   B. at last  C. at least   D. at intervals

【解析】选C。上下文语境题。根据语境, 这里表示至少现在还没有发生, at least“至少”, 指尽管没有更好的情况。at most“至多”; at last“终于, 到底”; at intervals“不时”。

6. A. commerce    B. agriculture

C. literature     D. technology

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知, 机器人的运用是技术(technology)方面的事情。commerce“商业”; agriculture“农业”; literature“文学”。

7. A. take over  B. pass by  C. cut in  D. go away

【解析】选A。短语辨析题。根据下文可知, 作者不希望在未来机器取代(take over)人类。pass by“经过”; cut in“插嘴, 打断”; go away“走开”。

8. A. annoyed  B. thrilled

C. discouraged  D. disappointed

【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合“When I call my dentist’s office and actually get a human being on the line”和上文提到的作者不希望在未来机器取代人类可知, 当作者给牙医办公室打电话, 接电话的是人类时, 作者应是非常兴奋的(thrilled)。annoyed“生气的”; discouraged“泄气的”; disappointed“失望的”。

9. A. give   B. remind  C. bargain  D. purchase

【解析】选A。词义辨析题。毕竟, 人类收银员有时会给你所要购买物品的商店优惠券。give表示“给”, 后面常加双宾语, 符合语境和语法。remind“提醒”; bargain“讨价还价”; purchase“购买”。

10. A. ruining  B. producing  C. advertising  D. buying

【解析】选D。上下文语境题。由上文可知优惠券是在购买商品时给的。ruin“毁坏”; produce“生产”; advertise“为……做广告”; buy“买, 购买”。

11. A. brighten  B. darken  C. strengthen   D. widen

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据上文中的“real-life cashiers often take an interest in particularly cute children”可知收银员对可爱的小孩感兴趣, 这也许能让小孩的母亲开心一天。brighten表示“使快活起来”, 符合语境。

12. A. turning  B. happening   C. describing   D. struggling

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据compassion(同情)一词推断老年人在把钱包里最后一个硬币掏出来时很费力。所以struggle“挣扎, 尽力”, 符合语境。

13. A. But  B. Because  C. Otherwise   D. Therefore

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。空后表示它们缺少一种对日常生活很重要的元素, 与空前提到的机器的好处是转折关系。

14. A. everything     B. something

C. anything      D. nothing

【解析】选B。上下文语境题。前一句提到的“the spirit, the soul or the heart”不是机器所拥有的东西(something)。

15. A. that   B. which    C. whether    D. where

【解析】选A。词义辨析题。正是人类鼓励我们对别人笑。这是强调句型用that。

Ⅳ. 语法填空

　　At CES 2020 in Shenzhen,  one of the 1. ___________ (popular) robots was MarsCat,  a new robot-pet from industrial robot startup—Elephant Robotics.   

This robot pet can respond to touch and voice—and even play with toys,  and it’s hard not to love the thing after 2. ___________(spend) even just a small amount of time with it.  MarsCat is a bit unusual because Elephant Robotics is focused 3. ___________ building industrial robots that are designed to work alongside humans in settings like factories or assembly plants.  Elephant,  4. ___________ was founded in 2016,  already has produced three lines of these robots and has sold them to 5. ___________(customer) around the world,  including in Korea,  the U. S. ,  Germany and more.  This new product is designed for the home,  however,  not the factory or the lab.  MarsCat is 6. ___________ startup’s first consumer product,  but it 7. ___________(obvious) benefits greatly from the company’s experience in their industrial robotics business.  With 8. ___________(it) highly flexible legs,  tail and head,  it can sit up,  walk,  play and watch your movements,  without any additional requirement.  While MarsCat provides that kind of functionality out of the box,  it’s also programmable by the user.  Inside,  it 9. ___________(power)by a Raspberry Pi,  and it ships with MarsCat SDK,  which is an open software development library that allows you 10. ___________(control)and program all of the robot’s functions.   

【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文, 讲述了一个新的宠物机器人MarsCat的发明及其功能。

1. 【解析】most popular。考查形容词最高级。根据前文的one of以及定冠词the可知此处填形容词的最高级。

2. 【解析】spending。考查非谓语动词。介词after后面跟动词的-ing形式。

3. 【解析】on。考查介词。此处是固定词组。focus on意为“集中(精力)于; 专注于”。

4. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 先行词为Elephant, 所以填which。

5. 【解析】customers。考查名词形式。customer顾客, 是可数名词, 前面没有冠词, 应当用复数形式表示泛指。

6. 【解析】the。考查冠词。根据后面的序数词first可知此处填the。

7. 【解析】obviously。考查词性转换。此处修饰动词benefit,  所以用副词形式。

8. 【解析】its。考查代词。根据后面的名词legs可知此处应该用形容词性物主代词。

9. 【解析】is powered。考查语态。本句缺少谓语, 根据句意可知用被动结构, 根据上下文可知用一般现在时, 主语是it, 所以填is powered。

10. 【解析】to control。考查非谓语动词。根据allow sb.  to do sth. 结构可知此处填to control。