高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Food for thought练习

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Food for thought练习，共16页。试卷主要包含了bught　考查过去分词，better　考查比较级等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Bad (礼貌) f sme Chinese visitrs, such as stepping n the grass and littering garbage everywhere wuld give all Chinese a bad name.
2.It is a traditinal (习俗) fr Chinese peple t paste red cuplets n the gate in the Spring Festival.
3.Beijing Capital Internatinal Airprt cmpleted the installatin f a 5G netwrk recently, whse (下载) speeds can reach up t 1,000 Mbps.
4.Black cffee withut any sugar r milk leaves a little (苦的)taste in the muth.
Ⅱ.写出下列句中黑体词的词性和词义
1.It is a traditin in many cuntries t give the waiter a tip after a meal in the restaurant.
(词性: 词义: )
2.The speaker prvided a lt f tips n learning English, which were very useful t high schl students.
(词性: 词义: )
3.Please remember t tip the waiter after finishing yur meal in the restaurant.
(词性: 词义: )
4.He always draws varieties f shapes with the tip f the pencil uncnsicusly n the paper when he was thinking.
(词性: 词义: )
5.The functin f the heart is t send bld thrugh the bdy.
(词性: 词义: )
6.Despite the pwer cuts, the hspital cntinued t functin nrmally.
(词性: 词义: )
7.It’s gd fr students t have a balanced diet and get int the gd habit f getting up early.
(词性: 词义: )
8.She’s always dieting but she never seems t lse any weight.
(词性: 词义: )
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.It is strngly recmmended that bth health care wrkers and residents f lng-term care facilities (be) first in line fr COVID-19 vaccines.
2.I haven’t decided whether I am ging t select sme subjects that are related literature r nt.
3.April first is a day n which, in sme cuntries, peple try t play tricks each ther.
4.An athlete addicted t (climb) rcks built a climbing wall in his living rm when he was frced t remain indrs by a COVID-19 lckdwn.
5.I used t drive tw hurs t wrk, but nw I live walking distance f my ffice.
6.Each f Germany’s 16 states has its wn (slight) different schl systems.
7.Accrding t a recent study, when a tree (attack) by insects, it sends signals t warn its neighburs f the danger.
8.Australian English differs American English in prnunciatin.
Ⅳ.选择合适的情态动词并用其适当形式填空,每词
限用一次
be able t, dare, have t, had better, need
1.It is strange that peple nt give their helping hands t thse in need.
2.Yu nt take me int accunt, as I am nt sure whether I shall be able t cme.
3.The cmpany was s far away frm my drm that I spend much time n the way.
4.It’s quite warm tday s we nt turn the heating n.
5.Mzart, a great pianist, play the pian when he was 4 years ld.
Ⅴ.用情态动词的适当形式完成句子
1.这个女孩晚上不敢独自外出。
The girl g ut alne at night.
2.邻居们借助一把梯子把孩子们从大火中救了出来。
With the help f a ladder, neighburs rescue the children frm the blaze.
3.我把自己锁在了我们的公寓外面,不得不破门而入。
I lcked myself ut f ur apartment and break in.
4.我喜欢周末,因为在周末不需要早起。
I lve the weekend, because I early n Saturdays and Sundays.
5.你最好快点,要不然你上课就迟到了。
Yu hurry up, r else yu will be late fr class.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021独家原创试题,)
I d my best t educate my kids abut eating healthy fd. I teach them hw t read labels, what t lk fr n packaging, and hw certain fds affect their grwing bdies. But my kids are als like mst ther children—they lve junk fd.
My ten-year-ld sn Zack is very aware f his bdy and hw fd affects him. This past summer Zack was invited t a camping trip. He left n Friday and came hme n Sunday mrning. On Saturday night, Zack ate a lt f junk wh knws what else. He went t bed at 11:00 and at arund 1:30 a.m. Zack threw up in the tent. It was his bdy telling him that it didn’t like what he ate that day.
Recently, Zack and I were asked t speak t an audience f mre than 200 peple. I spke abut Unjunk Yur Junk Fd and Zack spke abut his appreciatin fr ur bk and hw it has impacted his life as a ten-year-ld child.
I asked Zack t write his wn speech because I wanted what he said t cme straight frm his heart.
Here’s his speech:
“Tday I’m ging t talk t yu abut my mm’s bk, Unjunk Yur Junk Fd. It’s a great bk, but I’m a little disappinted that my favrite type f candy is there, Twizzlers. I realized after reading the bk that they’re bad, s I dn’t eat them anymre.
I saw the mvie Super Size Me and I realized that junk fd, especially fast fd, is really unhealthy, and I wn’t ever g t McDnald’s.
I brught my mm’s bk t schl, and my mm even gave presentatins t many classes, including mine. Well yu guys can d the same thing and shw peple the bk at yur wrk and schls, and give them tips n eating healthy fd.
Thanks fr listening.
While nt all children have as much f a reactin t junk fd as Zack, it’s clear that the human bdy desn’t wrk as its prime(全盛时期)when we give it this type f fd. It’s imprtant t me that my children eat a healthy diet and limit their expsure t fds that aren’t gd fr them, and the best way fr them t d that is fr me t teach them abut making healthy chices. While I fill my hme with healthy ptins, it’s wnderful t see my sn nw cme t realize, n his wn, that the chices he makes affect the way he feels.

1.What can we learn abut the authr’s kids?
A.They have a strng dislike fr junk fd.
B.Their stmachs are sensitive t junk fd.
C.They are kept infrmed f eating healthy fd.
D.They are naughty kids wh ften disbey their mther.
2.Why did the authr ask Zack t write his wn speech?
A.She culdn’t write better than Zack.
B.She culdn’t spare a minute t write fr him.
C.She wanted Zack t express his true thughts.
D.She tried t train Zack t be a fluent writer.
3.What’s Zack’s attitude t his mther’s bk?
A.Disappinted.B.Apprving.
C.Dubtful. D.Indifferent.
4.What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A.Expsure t junk fd is sure t be harmful t the human bdy.
B.The authr needn’t teach her kids hw t eat healthily.
C.Mst children have severe reactin t junk fd like Zack.
D.The authr failed t persuade her kids t chse healthy fd.
B
(2021天津一中高一期中质量检测,)
Fd smetimes gets pisned with harmful things. A persn wh eats such fd can get an illness called fd pisning. Fd pisning is usually nt serius, but sme types are deadly. The symptms f fd pisning usually begin within hurs f eating the pisned fd. Fever is ne f the mst cmmn symptms.
Certain micrrganisms(微生物) cause mst srts f fd pisning. Bacteria and ther micrrganisms can pisn eggs, meat, vegetables, and many ther fds. After entering the bdy, these tiny living things release(释放) pisns that make peple sick.
Sme chemicals(化学制品) can als cause fd pisning. They are ften added t fd while it is being grwn, prcessed, r prepared. Fr example, many farmers spray chemicals n crps t kill weeds and insects. Sme peple may have a bad reactin t thse chemicals when they eat the crps.
Sme plants and animals cntain natural pisns that are harmful t peple. These include certain srts f seafd, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrms.
When peple handle fd prperly, the risk f fd pisning is very small. Micrrganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that peple shuld never tuch fd with dirty hands r put fd n unwashed surfaces. Fd shuld be kept in a refrigeratr t stp micrrganisms frm grwing. Meat needs t be cked thrughly t kill dangerus micrrganisms. Peple shuld als wash fd cvered with chemicals befre eating it. Finally, peple shuld nt eat wild mushrms r ther fds that grw in the wild. Sme f these fds may cntain natural materials that are pisnus t humans. In additin, sme types f fish can be pisnus.
Mst peple recver frm fd pisning after a few days f resting and drinking extra water. If peple eat natural pisns, they must g t the hspital right away t have their stmachs emptied.

5.Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true?
A.Fd when pisned can make peple sick.
B.Fd pisning means death.
C.Fd pisning cmes in varieties.
D.Fd pisning can be serius.
6.We knw frm the passage that the symptms f fd pisning .
A.are always accmpanied by a fever
B.are t cmmn t be nted
C.can be nticed within hurs
D.can be ignred
7.Fd pisning can be caused by all the fllwing EXCEPT .
A.sme chemicals
B.lw temperatures
C.sme tiny living things
D.certain natural materials
8.Frm Paragraph 5, we can learn that .
A.mushrms shuld nt be eaten
B.vegetables are safer than meat and seafd
C.natural pisns are mre dangerus than chemicals
D.different types f fd shuld be handled differently
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2020辽宁本溪高级中学高一上质检,)
1 seems that Chinese peple always lve t discuss the differences between nrtherners and sutherners. Nw, anther difference has drawn wide attentin: the way nrtherners and sutherners shp fr fd at markets.
Peple frm suthern China nrmally buy 2 they need fr just ne r tw meals at a time. It’s nrmal fr them t buy just half a Chinese cabbage, tw 3 (ptat) and 25 grams f beef at a time. 4 , a persn may be laughed at if he des this in the nrth. Instead, buying enugh vegetables and meat fr a week 5 (be) nrmal.
The difference culd be because f the different climates. Fd can 6 (keep) fr a lng time in the nrth, as it’s 7 (usual) cld and dry there. Many nrtherners have the habit f 8 (stre) fd fr a lng time. But due t the ht and wet weather in the suth, the vegetables 9 (buy) by suthern Chinese peple are just enugh fd fr ne meal r ne day. Otherwise, the fd may g bad.
Maybe these debates abut different custms help us t understand each ther much 10 (well).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.custm 3.dwnlad 4.bitter
Ⅱ.1.名词;小费 句意:在许多国家,在餐厅吃完饭后给服务员小费是一种传统。
2.名词;建议,指点 句意:演讲者提供了很多学习英语的窍门儿,对高中生非常有用。
3.动词;给小费 句意:你在餐厅吃完饭后请记得给服务员小费。
4.名词;尖儿,尖端 句意:当他思考的时候,他总是不自觉地用铅笔尖在纸上画出各种各样的形状。
5.名词;功能 句意:心脏的功能是把血液运送到全身。
6.动词;运转 句意:尽管停电了,但医院仍继续正常运转。
7.名词;日常饮食 句意:对学生来说,均衡饮食和养成早起的好习惯是有好处的。
8.动词;节食 句意:她总是在节食,但(体重)好像从未减轻过。
Ⅲ 考查虚拟语气。句意:强烈建议卫生保健工作者和长期护理机构的住院医师首先接种新冠疫苗。recmmend后的宾语从句中应用虚拟语气,即谓语用“shuld+动词原形”,其中shuld可以省略,故填be。
2.t 考查介词。句意:我还没决定要不要选一些和文学有关的科目。be related t意为“与……有关”,故本空应填介词t。
3.n 考查介词。句意:在一些国家,四月一日是人们试图开别人玩笑的日子。play tricks n sb.“捉弄某人,开某人的玩笑”,故填介词n。
4.climbing 考查非谓语动词。句意:一名酷爱攀岩的运动员在因新冠肺炎封锁而被迫待在室内时,他在自己的起居室里筑起了一面攀岩墙。句中addicted t rcks是后置定语,相当于定语从句wh was addicted t rcks,be addicted t意为“对……上瘾,沉迷于……”,其中t为介词,故本空应用动名词形式,故填climbing。
5.within 考查介词。句意:我过去常常开车两个小时去上班,但现在我住在离办公室很近的地方,走几步路就到了。within walking distance意为“在步行距离之内”,故填within。
6.slightly 考查副词。句意:德国16个州中的每个州都有自己稍有不同的学校制度。本空修饰形容词different,故应用副词slightly,意为“略微,稍微”。
7.is attacked 考查时态及语态。句意:根据最近的一项研究,当一棵树受到昆虫攻击时,它会发出信号,警告它的邻居有危险。根据语境可知,本句表示的是“客观事实”,故应用一般现在时;且tree和动词attack之间为被动关系,故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。
8.frm 考查介词。句意:澳大利亚英语和美式英语在发音上不同。differ 意为“与……在……方面不同”,故本空应用介词frm。
Ⅳ 句意:人们不敢向有需要的人伸出援助之手,这很奇怪。dare意为“敢,敢于”。
2.had better 句意:你最好不要把我考虑进去,因为我不确定我是否能来。had better意为“最好”。
3.had t 句意:公司离我的宿舍太远,以至于我不得不花很多时间在路上。have t意为“不得不”,根据was可知本空应用一般过去时,故填had t。
4.need 句意:今天很暖和,所以我们不需要开暖气。need意为“需要”。
5.was able t 句意:莫扎特,一位伟大的钢琴家,在4岁的时候就能够弹奏钢琴了。be able t意为“能够”,根据时间状语从句when he was 4 years ld可知,本空应用一般过去时。
Ⅴ nt 2.were able t 3.had t 4.needn’t get up
5.had better
能力提升练
Ⅰ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者一直教育孩子健康饮食的重要性,在宣传新书的时候,让儿子Zack亲自撰写演讲稿,儿子通过诚恳的演讲介绍了自己对健康饮食的理解。
1.C 细节理解题。由第一段中I d my best t educate my kids abut eating healthy fd.可知,作者一直尽最大努力教育孩子们要吃健康的食物,故选C。由第一段中But my kids are als like mst ther children—they lve junk fd.可知,作者的孩子喜欢吃垃圾食品,故排除A项;由第二段可知,扎克的身体对垃圾食品反应强烈,但没有提到其他孩子有同样的反应,故排除B项。D项“他们是经常违抗妈妈的淘气孩子”由原文表述无法推测出来。
2.C 细节理解题。由文中第四段I asked Zack t write his wn speech because I wanted what he said t cme straight frm his heart.可知,作者让扎克自己写演讲稿是因为想听到他的心声,故选C。
3.B 推理判断题。由扎克演讲稿中It’s a great bk.及后边扎克在读完妈妈的书后不再吃糖,鼓励听众效仿自己,把妈妈的书带到学校的叙述可知,扎克对妈妈的书评价很高。故选B“赞同的”。A项意为“失望的”;C项意为“怀疑的”;D项意为“漠不关心的”。
4.A 推理判断题。由最后一段前两句“虽然并不是所有的孩子都像扎克那样对垃圾食品有如此强烈的反应,但很明显,吃垃圾食品时,身体的工作机能不会达到最佳状态。对我来说,让孩子们吃健康的食物并限制他们接触垃圾食品是很重要的,做到那一点的最好方法就是让我来指导他们做出健康的选择。”可知,垃圾食品对身体健康是有害无益的,作者会限制孩子摄入,故选A。B项“作者不需要教她的孩子们如何健康饮食”,C项“大多数孩子像扎克一样对垃圾食品有严重的反应”和D项“作者没有说服孩子们去选择健康的食物”的表述均与原文不符,故排除。
【高频词汇】 1.junk fd垃圾食物 2.be aware f意识到
3.thrw up呕吐 4.audience n.观众,听众 5.expsure n.暴露
6.ptin n.选择
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有关食物中毒的知识,包括食物中毒的后果,导致食物中毒的原因,避免食物中毒的措施和食物中毒的康复。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中Fd pisning is usually nt serius, but sme types are deadly.和最后一段内容可知,一般情况下食物中毒不严重,不会导致死亡,因此B项“Fd pisning means death”错误,故选B。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中The symptms f fd pisning usually begin within hurs f eating the pisned fd.可知,食物中毒症状能在吃下有毒食物的几小时内被发现,故选C。
7.B 细节理解题。根据文章二、三、四段开头句“Certain micrrganisms(微生物) cause mst srts f fd pisning.”“Sme chemicals(化学制品) can als cause fd pisning.”和“Sme plants and animals cntain natural pisns that are harmful t peple.”可知,导致食物中毒的原因有:某些微生物、某些化学制品以及某些含有天然毒素的动植物。选项中A、C、D都被包括,B项“低温”不是导致食物中毒的原因。故选B。
8.D 推理判断题。根据第五段中Fd shuld be kept in a grw in the wild.可知,为了避免食物中毒,不同种类的食物应该有不同的处理方式。故选D。根据第五段中peple shuld nt eat wild mushrms r ther fds that grw in the wild可知,不应该吃的是野蘑菇,而不是所有的蘑菇都不能吃,故排除A项;原文中并没有比较B、C两项中提到的事物,属于无根据的结论,故排除。
【高频词汇】 1.deadly adj.致命的 2.symptm n.症状
3.prcess v.加工 4.reactin n.反应 ding sth.阻止……做某事 6.recver frm从……中恢复
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南方人和北方人在购买食物的习惯上的差异。
1.It 考查it作形式主语。句意:中国人似乎一直喜欢讨论北方人和南方人之间的差异。本句中It作形式主语,that引导主语从句。
2.what 考查连接词。句意:中国的南方人一般一次只买一两顿饭需要的东西。本空引导宾语从句,从句缺宾语,指物,故本空应填what。
3.ptates 考查名词复数。句意:他们一次只买半颗大白菜、两个土豆和二十五克牛肉是正常的。根据空前tw可知,本空应用复数形式ptates。
4.Hwever 考查副词。空前句句意:他们一次只买半颗大白菜、两个土豆和二十五克牛肉是正常的。设空处所在句句意:而在北方,一个人要是这样做是要被嘲笑的。根据句意可知,本空前后是转折关系,故本空应填Hwever。
5.is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:相反,购买足够一周的蔬菜和肉类是正常的。联系上下文可知,此处应用一般现在时。本句中动名词短语作主语,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式is。
6.be kept 考查被动语态。句意:在北方,食物可以被保存很长时间……。主语Fd和动词keep之间为被动关系,故本空应用被动语态be kept。
7.usually 考查副词。句意:……因为那里通常是干冷的。本空在句中作状语,故本空应用副词usually,意为 “通常”。
8.string 考查动名词。根据空前介词f可知,本空应用动名词string作介词f的宾语。
9.bught 考查过去分词。句意:但由于南方天气炎热潮湿,中国的南方人买的蔬菜仅够一顿饭或一天吃的。本空修饰名词vegetables,被修饰词和动词buy之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故本空应用过去分词作定语。
10.better 考查比较级。句意:也许这些关于不同习俗的争论能帮助我们更好地了解彼此。根据句意及空前much可知,本空应用副词well的比较级形式。
【高频词汇】 1.draw wide attentin吸引广泛的注意力
2.nrmally adv.通常;正常情况下 3.at a time每次,一次
4.instead adv.相反 5.due t由于原句 While nt all children have as much f a reactin t junk fd as Zack, it’s clear that the human bdy desn’t wrk as its prime(全盛时期) when we give it this type f fd.
分析 本句是主从复合句,句中While意为“尽管”,引导的是让步状语从句;主句中it为形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句;when引导的是时间状语从句。
句意 尽管并不是所有的孩子都像扎克那样对垃圾食品有如此强烈的反应,但很明显,当我们给人体吃这种食物时,身体的工作机能并不会达到最佳状态。
原句 A persn wh eats such fd can get an illness called fd pisning.
分析 本句为主从复合句。wh eats such fd是定语从句,修饰先行词persn,called fd pisning是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰illness。
句意 吃这种食物的人会得一种叫做食物中毒的疾病。