UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING Part 1　TOPIC TALK-2022版英语必修第三册北师大版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）

UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING

Part 1　TOPIC TALK

基础过关练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.　　　(雾霾) is air pollution that is mixed up with dust, smoke and other dry particles in mid-air. 

2.With the average temperature going up by more than 1.5 degrees, there is solid evidence of 　　　(全球的) warming. 

3.Humans have by now gone through three 　　　(工业的) revolutions—the discovery of steam power, the introduction of electricity and the invention of modern computers. 

4.Some shark species are now in danger of 　　　(灭绝) due to serious pollution of the ocean.  

5.There is no simple 　　　(解决方法)to the problem of overpopulation. 

6.The town is without　　　(电)and the water supply has been cut off. 

7.I don't have to catch public 　　　(交通) to school, which reduces the risk of infection.  

8.The show was held to encourage students to 　　　(回收,再利用) their trash and protect the environment. 

9.This 　　　(电池) can last four times longer than a normal one. 

10.Yang Liu is a performer of Chinese bamboo drifting, a form of intangible cultural heritage, which is a challenging test of one's 　　　(平衡). 

Ⅱ.选词填空

do one's part for sth.;increase one's awareness of;live in harmony with;maintain the balance between...and...;for instance

1.Let your child make some of the small decisions concerning his daily routine.　　　　　　, allow him to choose what clothes he wears at the weekend. 

2.For the protection of ecological environment, it is necessary to adopt clean mining(采矿)technology so as to 　　　　　　energy production 　　　ecology. 

3.But I wanted to 　　　　　　shaping a better world. 

4.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to 　　　　　　nature. 

5.We can enjoy the contact with new and different cultures so as to 　　　　　　our own culture. 

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1.The next step is 　　　　(make) sure that you know exactly what is required. 

2.I could hear him 　　　　(tap) his fingers on the desk impatiently and restlessly. 

3.Michael Jackson raised a fund of $50 million to save the poor people struggling in the 　　　　(desert) corners around the world. 

4.The first three months of 2020 have been the warmest 　　　　(global) since records began in 1860. 

5.The Tianwen-1 mission has left the nation's first mark on Mars and is another landmark achievement in the development of China's space 　　　　(industrial).  

6.Several wild animals that were once 　　　　(extinction) in the wild, have now developed their own wild groups thanks to artificial breeding(人工繁殖). 

7.The teacher asked me to think of a better solution 　　　　the problem. 

8.The pencils are made from 　　　　(recycle) paper. When you sharpen them, they turn into colorful paper shavings(碎屑). 

9.He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a 　　　　(balance) diet. 

10.It was one look at the old photo, and I 　　　　(transport) back to childhood. 

能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2020北京密云区高一期末)

A Weekly Round-up

1.What can we infer from News ①?

A.Chinese tourists will not do any harm to wildlife from now on.

B.The tours are specially designed for Chinese to protect wildlife.

C.Many tourists in China have a strong sense of animal protection.

D.The tours make more tourists become interested in wild animals.

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to News ②?

A.Most Chinese students will no longer go abroad for education.

B.Most Chinese students studying abroad plan to work in China.

C.Chinese students studying abroad can find jobs easily in China.

D.Chinese students studying abroad can get well-paid jobs in China.

3.According to the news above, we know that 　　　. 

A.227,086 Chinese learners have been to America to study languages

B.Chinese has become the most popular language in the United States

C.passengers are not allowed to drink or eat on the Beijing Subway

D.passengers will be punished and fined if they eat or drink on the subway

B

(2019北京丰台区高一期末)

Help Hermit Crabs

Hermit crabs are nature's recyclers. They eat waste and help keep the ocean and shores clean. Unlike other crabs,the hermit crab has a thin outer shell over its soft tail. This makes the hermit crab an easy prey for hungry predators(捕食性动物). Hermit crabs stay safe by living in old seashells. A hermit crab is picky(挑剔的);it tries on many shells until it finds one that fits just right. In recent years,however,many hermit crabs have had trouble finding their perfect homes. What is the problem? There are not enough shells to go around!

One reason for the seashell shortage is that ocean water is not as clean as it once was. This has caused chemical changes of sea water. Some sea animals,like snails,are affected by these changes. Now there are fewer snails making shells. People visiting the beach often take shells home as souvenirs(纪念品). This is another problem. Other people even take shells for their own pet hermit crabs! They do not realize that hermit crabs in the wild need those shells too.

Now people are working to find solutions to this hermit crab housing shortage. They are teaching beach-goers to leave seashells where they belong—at the seashore! Some people even make fake seashells that they hope the hermit crabs will like. For instance,a group called Project Shelter invited people who visited their website to create different designs for hermit crab shells.

These designers had a lot to consider. What kind of material should be used to build a seashell, for example. The material must be not only light enough for the hermit crab to carry,but strong enough to protect the crab from predators. The man-made shells could not contain glue or any other substance(物质)that might harm a hermit crab. Another challenge of building a hermit crab home was the opening of the shell. Too big openings would mean the crab would not feel safe. Too small would be uncomfortable,and the crab would not want to move in.

The Project Shelter shells are placed in the wild for hermit crabs to find. Lucky hermit crabs can move into these new dream homes.

4.Where can hermit crabs stay safe?

A.In different old seashells.

B.Behind the waste they'll eat.

C.In their own thin outer shells.

D.Under the stones at the seashore.

5.According to the passage,what should be put in the webs?

A.The methods to recycle the wastes.

B.The ways to help the hermit crabs.

C.The materials of seashells.

D.The designs of websites.

6.What does the underlined word “fake” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A.Man-made.　　　B.Perfect.

C.Hard.　　　D.Comfortable.

7.What is the passage mainly about?

A.The Project Shelter group.

B.The shortage of the seashell.

C.New homes for hermit crabs.

D.The recyclers of nature.

Ⅱ.七选五

(2020安徽宿州十三所重点中学高一期中)

Earthquakes often occur suddenly without warning, and they can often cause damage, injuries and even deaths. 　1　. 

If you are outdoors:

Move away from buildings, street lights, and other dangerous things and stay in the open. 　2　. If you are driving when an earthquake hits, pull over to the side of the road and stop quickly as safety allows and stay in the car. Avoid stopping near or under buildings and trees. Even if the earthquake has stopped, avoid roads and bridges that might have been damaged by the earthquake. 

If indoors:

　3　. Then hold on until the shaking stops. If there isn't a table or desk near you, cover your face and head with your arms and bend in an inside corner of the building. Stay away from glass windows, and anything that could fall. 

Get communication and necessities ready:

　4　. There is a real possibility during the day when adults are at work and children are at school. Ask a relative or friend not in this area to serve as the “family contact(联系)”. Make sure everyone in the family knows the name, address, and phone number of the contact person. 

It is also important to have necessary things on hand, such as water, food, medicine, a flashlight and so on. 　5　. 

A.Most earthquake-related injuries result from falling objects(物体) or walls

B.They help people to recognize what action to take during the earthquake and what plan to make before

C.Squat down on the ground;take cover by getting under a strong table or other pieces of furniture

D.As far as safety is concerned, it is wise to know what to do during an earthquake and make enough preparations

E.Make sure that all the family members know the best place to hide themselves

F.If possible, take a class to learn what to take for a possible disaster

G.Making a communication for getting together after the disaster in case family members get separated from one another during an earthquake

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

答案全解全析

UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING

Part 1　TOPIC TALK

基础过关练

Ⅰ.1.Smog　2.global　3.industrial　4.extinction　5.solution

6.electricity　7.transport　8.recycle　9.battery　10.balance

Ⅱ.1.For instance　2.maintain the balance between;and　3.do my part for　4.live in harmony with　5.increase our awareness of

Ⅲ.1.to make　考查不定式。句意:下一步是确保你准确地知道需要的是什么。设空处作表语,且动作还未发生,故用不定式。

2.tapping　考查非谓语动词。句意:我能听见他正不耐烦又不安地用手指敲桌子。hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事。tap在此句中为动词,意为“轻击,轻轻敲打”。

3.deserted　考查形容词。句意:迈克尔·杰克逊筹集了5,000万美元的资金来拯救那些在世界各地荒芜的角落挣扎的穷人。设空处修饰名词corners,所以填deserted,意为“荒芜的,被遗弃的”。

4.globally　考查副词。句意:2020年的前三个月是自1860年有记录以来全球最热的。globally 全球地,全球范围地。

5.industry　考查名词。句意:“天问一号”任务在火星上留下了中国的第一个印记,是中国航天工业发展的又一具有里程碑意义的成就。space industry 航天工业。

6.extinct　考查形容词。句意:一些曾经在野外灭绝的野生动物,由于人工繁殖,现在已经发展出了自己的野生群体。空处作表语,应用形容词形式,故填extinct。

7.to　考查固定搭配。句意:老师让我想一个解决这个问题的更好的办法。a solution to the problem问题的解决方案。

8.recycled　考查非谓语动词。句意:铅笔是用再生纸做的。当你削尖它们的时候,它们会变成五颜六色的纸屑。设空处作定语,recycle与paper之间为被动关系,故填recycled。

9.balanced　考查形容词。句意:他减少了喝咖啡和抽烟,饮食均衡。a balanced diet 均衡的饮食。

10.was transported　考查时态和语态。句意:一看到那张旧照片,我就被带回了童年。transport与I为被动关系,根据前文was可知,应使用一般过去时,故填was transported。

能力提升练

Ⅰ.A

◎语篇解读　这篇文章报道了四则新闻。

1.C　推理判断题。根据第①则新闻中的About 60 percent of interviewees said that they would refuse to take part in tours that might badly influence the normal life of animals in the wild or be harmful to wildlife.可知,约60%的受访者表示,他们会拒绝参加可能严重影响野生动物正常生活或对野生动物有害的旅游。因此,在中国,许多游客有强烈的动物保护意识。故选C项。

2.B　细节理解题。根据第②则新闻中的About 78 percent of Chinese students abroad plan to work in China either right after graduation or after working abroad for a while.可知,大约78%的中国留学生计划一毕业或在国外工作一段时间后回到中国工作。因此,大多数中国留学生计划在中国工作。故选B项。

3.C　推理判断题。根据第④则新闻可知,根据北京市交通委员会规定,被发现在北京地铁上饮食的乘客,当被要求停止还不停止时,将面临在他们的社会信用评分上被记录这些行为的惩罚。因此,乘客不允许在北京地铁上饮食。故选C项。

【高频词汇】　1.graduation n.毕业　2.tourist n.游客

长难句分析

原句　Passengers found eating or drinking on the Beijing Subway who do not stop when they are asked to will be faced with having their actions noted on their social credit score, according to Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport.

分析　句中found eating or drinking on the Beijing Subway为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰主语Passengers;who引导定语从句,修饰主语Passengers;从句中的when they are asked to 是when引导的时间状语从句;having their actions noted为“have sth. done”结构,表示“使某事被做”。

句意　北京市交通委员会称,被发现在北京地铁上饮食的乘客在被要求停下还不停下时,他们将面临自己的行为被记在社会信用评分上的惩罚。

B

◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了寄居蟹生存的海贝壳越来越少及人类努力为它们建的新家。

4.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中Hermit crabs stay safe by living in old seashells.可知,寄居蟹在旧海贝壳中安身。故选A。

5.B　推理判断题。根据第三段,尤其是第一句Now people are working to find solutions to this hermit crab housing shortage.可知,第三段主要介绍帮助寄居蟹找到解决“房屋”短缺的方法。因此,帮助寄居蟹的方法应该被放到网上。故选B。

6.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的For instance,a group called Project Shelter invited people who visited their website to create different designs for hermit crab shells.可知,一个叫作Project Shelter的组织邀请访问过他们网站的人们为寄居蟹设计不同的壳。由此推知此处指有些人甚至制作假贝壳,为寄居蟹提供住所。“fake”的意思是“假的,人造的”。故选A。

7.C　主旨大意题。根据最后一段The Project Shelter shells are placed in the wild for hermit crabs to find. Lucky hermit crabs can move into these new dream homes.可知,本文主要讲述的是寄居蟹的新家。故选C。

【高频词汇】　1.shortage n.缺少;短缺　2.fake adj.假的;伪造的

长难句分析

原句　One reason for the seashell shortage is that ocean water is not as clean as it once was.

分析　本句为主从复合句。其中that引导表语从句,从句中的第二个as引导比较状语从句。

句意　海贝壳短缺的一个原因是海水不像以前那么干净了。

Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在地震期间人们应该做的事情和应该做好的准备工作。

1.D　根据上一句Earthquakes often occur suddenly without warning, and they can often cause damage, injuries and even deaths.(地震经常在没有先兆的情况下突然发生,它们经常会造成损害、受伤甚至死亡。)及下文内容可知,此处表示应对地震的措施,D项“就安全而言,知道在地震期间该做什么,并做好充分的准备是明智的”符合语境。故选D。

2.A　根据上一句Move away from buildings, street lights, and other dangerous things and stay in the open. (远离建筑物、街灯和其他危险的东西,待在露天的地方。)可知,此处应该解释为什么远离这些,A项“大多数与地震有关的伤害是由掉落的物体或倒塌的墙壁造成的”符合语境。故选A。

3.C　根据下一句Then hold on until the shaking stops. (然后坚持到晃动停止。)可知,此处应该是在室内发生地震时该怎么做,C项“蹲在地上,躲在结实的桌子或其他家具下面”符合语境。故选C。

4.G　根据下一句There is a real possibility during the day when adults are at work and children are at school. (在白天,成年人在工作,孩子们在学校,这种可能性是实际存在的。)可知,此处应该提到某种意外发生的可能性,G项“为了灾后的集合作好沟通,以防家庭成员在地震中走散”符合语境。故选G。

5.F　根据上一句It is also important to have necessary things on hand, such as water, food, medicine, a flashlight and so on. (在手边有些必需品也很重要,比如水、食物、药品、手电筒等。)可知,此处应该强调准备必需品应对灾难的重要性,F项“如果可能的话,上一堂课,学习在可能发生的灾难中要带些什么”符合语境。故选F。

【高频词汇】　1.damage n.破坏 v.损害　2.pull over向路边停靠

3.necessary adj.必需的;必要的