UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING Part 4　LESSON 3 “WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD-2022版英语必修第三册北师大版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）

这是一份UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING Part 4　LESSON 3 “WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD-2022版英语必修第三册北师大版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析），共18页。
Part 4　LESSON 3 “WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD基础过关练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.The new airport, seated in the southernmost part of Beijing, is made up of a main terminal, a supporting service building and a 　　　(停车) lot. 2.Thanks to increasing gender equality, more women tend to focus on their career and 　　　(因此)postpone their decision to marry. 3.In the past, it was generally accepted that a person would follow one career 　　　(路径), but an emerging group of people, known as “slashes(斜杠青年)”, have changed this notion.  4.Vaccines are good weapons against epidemics, but it would be ridiculous to expect COVID-19 to 　　　(消失)entirely thanks to vaccines. 5.Vietnam is a hot d　　　 for Chinese tourists. Ⅱ.选词填空come up with;be known as;a matter of;thanks to;pedal one's way1.We won the game 　　　　　　a lot of hard work from everyone in the team. 2.My mom is always able to 　　　　　　some good advice. 3.As the two people 　　　　　　down the road, the sun set slowly behind the mountains. 4.The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, whose average altitude is above 4,000 metres, 　　　　　　the roof of the world. 5.Don't worry.It'll only be 　　　　　　hours before he gets back. Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.A parking lot is going to be built 　　　　there used to be a small park. 2.Progress so far has been very good. We are, 　　　　, confident that the work will be completed on time. 3.I walked nervously up to the path 　　　　(lead)to the secret garden. 4.Planning is the key, not only to 　　　　(track)your progress, but to ensuring that you can finish your tasks on time. 5.People in Amsterdam 　　　　(enjoy)the benefits of cycling for years. 6.This film is very popular 　　　　young people, which tells a really romantic story. 7.It was 　　　　(amaze)how my mother coped with bringing up three children on less than thirty dollars a week.    Ⅳ.课文语法填空Why is Amsterdam a good city for cycling?The idea of “white bikes” 　1　(begin) about 50 years ago, and ever since then, people in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling. Flat and therefore convenient for bikes, Amsterdam is a good city for cycling. Because of its 　2　(convenient) for bicycles, Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips 　3　(make) by bike. That's how it gets the nickname “the City of Bicycles”. In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea 　4　 it would be better for both people and the environment if only bicycles were allowed in the city centre. They painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam 　5　 people to use free of charge. Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared—　6　(thief) stole them all in a matter of weeks! 　7　 in 1999 the “white bikes” returned with a computer tracking system to record their every move! Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in 　8　(centre) Amsterdam. Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled 　9　(it) way around the world. In China, more and more cities have their own “white bike” programmes. Both the locals and tourists like to use 　10　(share) bikes because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 能力提升练Ⅰ.阅读理解(2021广西南宁三中高一期中)Italy adopted a new law to cut down food waste—the second such law in Europe, joining France's. So what's the United States doing with the 30 percent of its food that is simply thrown away? Italy's Senate gave final approval(批准) to encourage businesses, shops and restaurants to donate their unused food to charities. That's a practice that historically hasn't been a part of Italian culture. Italy discards more than 17 percent of its food every year.Calling Italy's level of food waste unacceptable, Agriculture Minister Maurizio Martina told the newspaper La Repubblica, “With this law, we get closer and closer to the aim of saving a million tons of food and giving it to those who need it.” The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Economic Research Service says that more than 30 percent of the U.S. food supply is wasted—133 billion pounds of it every year, equal to $161 billion. “In a world full of hunger and changeable food prices, these statistics(统计数字) are more than just appalling,” according to the North American Office of the U.N. Environment Programme. “More surprisingly, most of the waste food is completely healthy food that could have helped feed poor families,” the Agriculture Department says.Several efforts are under way in some departments. The Agriculture Department and the Environmental Protection Agency, for example, set a goal last year of cutting what they called “food loss” in half by 2030. The idea is to improve product development, storage, marketing and cooking methods and recycle food waste to feed animals.Meanwhile, legislation(立法) in both houses of Congress aims at reducing food waste and pays more attention to educating buyers on what different labels(标签) really mean so that they don't throw away perfectly good food. Research by the Food Law and Policy Clinic in Harvard Law School found that 45 percent of all food waste happens in the home, for buyers' confusion over the importance of date labels—which aren't based on any science and aren't controlled by the government.1.What does Maurizio Martina think of Italy's level of food waste?A.It has become very serious.B.It is not as serious as America's.C.It has been successfully controlled in recent years.D.It is the most serious among all European countries.2.What does the underlined word “appalling” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A.Interesting.　　　B.Exciting.C.Encouraging.　　　D.Shocking.3.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Most food waste happens in restaurants.B.Some buyers don't get into the habit of saving food.C.It is the government's duty to control the food waste.D.Some buyers don't realize the importance of the date labels.Ⅱ.七选五(2019北京四中高一期末)How to Beat the Procrastination HabitI am a procrastinator (拖延症患者). I've tried all sorts of things to beat the habit. Here are some techniques I've been using:Set aside blocks of time to do things.When I was talking with my wellness (健康) coach earlier this year, she asked me why I didn't exercise more often. “　1　,” I said. “Something always comes up.” She wasn't impressed. “J.D.,” she said, “you have to make time. Make an appointment with yourself to run or to go for a bike ride.” The same principle applies to other things you might delay. 　2　. Often I'll be sitting on the back porch reading a book, and it will occur to me that a chore needs to be done—mending the fence, for example. “　3　,” I tell myself. Wrong! What usually happens is that I forget to write it down, and even if I do, I just look at the list and procrastinate for weeks on end. The best move is to actually do the chore when I think of it. (Assuming, of course, that I have the time at that moment, which I usually do.) Use a timer to bring you back to reality.Part of the reason I procrastinate is that I'm a daydreamer.　4　. One way to keep on track is to use a timer. I use the Ultrak Jumbo Countdown Timer, but not as often as I should. I set it for 48 minutes. When it goes off, 　5　:Am I doing what I'm supposed to be doing? Do not multitask.I often start many things at once, but I never actually do any of them. In order for me to get something done, I need to focus my attention on it. Trying to do several things at once is a sure way to be sure they'll all be unfinished tomorrow.A.I'm always lost in thoughtB.it brings me back to realityC.If it comes to mind, then do itD.I don't have the timeE.it serves as an instant reality checkF.Do it right away if you are asked to do somethingG.I need to write that down so I can remember it1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 Ⅲ.完形填空(2020安徽合肥一中高一考试)For me, two of the loveliest words in English are “Life persists”.I　1　 them years ago as a college student, sitting in the library, 　2　, working on a paper. Out of nowhere, those words came 　3　 off the page in a quote: “In the midst of death life persists; in the midst of 　4　 truth persists; in the midst of darkness light persists.” Suddenly I wasn't unhappy and impatient any more. Then I called my granddad. I loved to talk with him. And I was　5　 to hear what he'd think of it. He had poor hearing, so I had to repeat it a few times, but once he 　6　 it, he laughed. “All I can say to that is totally 　7　,”he said on the phone. I told him how glad I was, after a long winter, to finally see spring and 　8　 to find that quote. “Why is that?” he asked. “Well, spring is a sure 　9　 that life persists. And it just makes me 　10　.” He laughed again, and then in his lovely voice, he recited to me his　11　“spring time” words: “The desert shall rejoice(欣喜), and 　12　 as the rose.” Many years later,　13　 my husband and I drove across a desert with many wildflowers and blooming cactuses(仙人掌), I could almost hear my granddad laughing: “The desert shall rejoice.” Life persists, and so do we, in the silence of 　14　 and the blooming of cactuses;and in the dead of winter and the green of spring. Spring 　15　 us that we're alive forever. 1.A.looked for　　　B.came acrossC.picked out　　　D.made up2.A.bored　　　B.worriedC.tired　　　D.confused3.A.running　　　B.dancingC.rushing　　　D.moving4.A.fear　　　B.doubtC.terror　　　D.untruth5.A.patient　　　B.confidentC.upset　　　D.desperate6.A.got　　　B.madeC.undertook　　　D.managed7.A.puzzlement　　　B.excitementC.agreement　　　D.amusement8.A.practically　　　B.especiallyC.obviously　　　D.naturally9.A.way　　　B.inspirationC.mark　　　D.sign10.A.nervous　　　B.interestingC.merry　　　D.alive11.A.impressive　　　B.superbC.classical　　　D.favorite12.A.exist　　　B.blossomC.survive　　　D.sow13.A.after　　　B.whenC.until　　　D.although14.A.journeys　　　B.wordsC.world　　　D.desert15.A.convinces　　　B.ensuresC.reminds　　　D.strikes
答案全解全析Part 4　LESSON 3 “WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD基础过关练Ⅰ.1.parking　2.therefore　3.path　4.disappear　5.destinationⅡ.1.thanks to　2.come up with　3.pedalled their way4.is known as　5.a matter ofⅢ.1.where　考查状语从句。句意:在过去是一个小公园的地方要建一个停车场。where 引导状语从句,说明主句事件发生的地点。2.therefore　考查副词。句意:到目前为止进展很好。因此,我们确信这项工作将按时完成。前后两句话为因果关系,且设空处前后有逗号隔开,故用therefore。3.leading　考查非谓语动词。句意:我紧张地向通往秘密花园的小径走去。lead与path之间为主动关系,故用leading。4.tracking　考查非谓语动词。句意:计划不仅是跟踪你的进度的关键,而且是确保你能按时完成任务的关键。to为介词,后跟v.-ing形式,故填tracking。5.have been enjoying　考查动词的时态。句意:阿姆斯特丹的人们多年来一直在享受骑自行车的好处。由时间状语和句意可知这里应用现在完成进行时,表示enjoy这个动作从过去延续到现在,将来可能还会继续。6.with/among　考查固定搭配。句意:这部电影很受年轻人的欢迎,它讲述了一个非常浪漫的故事。 be popular with/among受……的欢迎。7.amazing　考查词性转换。句意:让人惊叹的是我母亲如何用每周不到三十美元养育了三个孩子。 amazing令人吃惊的。Ⅳ.1.began　考查动词的时态。句意:“白色自行车”的想法始于大约50年前,从那时起,阿姆斯特丹的人们就一直享受着骑自行车的好处。根据时间状语about 50 years ago可知,此处应使用一般过去时,故填began。2.convenience　考查名词。句意:因为这里骑自行车很方便,阿姆斯特丹深受骑自行车的人的欢迎,令人惊讶的是,所有旅行中的38%是通过骑自行车。根据空前的its可知此处用名词形式,故填convenience。3.are made　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语和make为被动关系,故使用被动语态。由上下文可知此处应用一般现在时。有分数或百分数修饰的名词作主语时,需要根据名词的数确定谓语动词的数,trips为复数,谓语动词应用复数形式,故用are made。4.that　考查同位语从句。句意:在20世纪60年代,一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法,如果市中心只允许骑自行车的话,对人们和环境都有好处。that 引导的从句是idea的同位语,解释说明idea的内容。5.for　考查介词。句意:他们把数百辆自行车漆成白色,并把它们放在阿姆斯特丹的各处,供人们免费使用。people 是to use 的逻辑主语,to do 形式的逻辑主语常使用for引出,故填for。6.thieves　考查名词复数。句意:然而,不久之后,问题来了:所有的“白色自行车”都消失了——小偷在几个星期内偷走了所有的自行车!thief 为可数名词,根据句意可知不止一个小偷,应使用复数形式。故填thieves。7.But　考查连词。句意:但在1999年,安装着计算机跟踪系统以记录它们的一举一动的“白色自行车”回来了!根据前后句子的意思可知是转折关系,故填But。8.central　考查形容词。句意:多亏了许多人的想法和努力,你现在可在阿姆斯特丹中心享受清新的空气和便捷的交通。此处应用形容词作定语,故用central。9.its　考查代词。句意:如今,“白色自行车”的想法已经在全世界流行开来。设空处修饰后面的way,故用形容词性物主代词。10.shared　考查非谓语动词。句意:当地人和游客都喜欢使用共享单车,因为共享单车是一种既便宜又方便的方式,可以节省能源,减少空气和噪音污染,并享受在城市锻炼的好处。设空处作定语,share 与bikes之间为被动关系,故用shared。能力提升练Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章从意大利立法控制食物浪费的做法说起,报道了其他国家各部门对于食物浪费的看法和做法。1.A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中Calling Italy's level of food waste unacceptable, Agriculture Minister Maurizio Martina told the newspaper La Repubblica, “With this law, we get closer and closer to the aim of saving a million tons of food and giving it to those who need it.”(农业部长Maurizio Martina称意大利的食物浪费水平令人无法接受,他对《共和报》说:“有了这项法律,我们离节约100万吨食物并将其提供给有需要的人的目标越来越近。”)可知,Maurizio Martina认为意大利的粮食浪费的现象很严重。故选A项。文中说明了意大利食物浪费的严重性,但没有和欧洲的其他国家以及美国进行对比,故B项和D项不选,C项在文中无相关信息。2.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前提及的数据以及下文“More surprisingly, most of the waste food is completely healthy food that could have helped feed poor families,”the Agriculture Department says.(农业部说:“更令人惊讶的是,大部分被浪费的食物都是完全健康的食物,这些食物本可以帮助养活贫困家庭。”)可推断,此处的“appalling”应是“令人震惊的”的意思。故选D项。A项“有趣的”,B项“令人兴奋的”和C项“鼓舞人心的”均不符合题意。3.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知哈佛法学院食品法和政策咨询会研究发现,45%的食物浪费发生在家里,因为购买者对日期标签的重要性感到困惑——它没有任何科学依据,也不受政府的控制。由此可推断,一些消费者不知道日期标签的重要性。故选D项。A项“大部分食物浪费发生在餐馆”与文意不符;B项“一些购买者没有养成节约食物的习惯”在文中没有相关信息;C项“控制食品浪费是政府的责任”的表述过于片面,故不选。【高频词汇】　1.cut down削减,缩小　2.throw away扔掉　3.donate v.捐赠　4.unacceptable adj.不能接受的　5.be equal to (大小、数量、价值等)相同的,同样的;相等的长难句分析原句　Meanwhile, legislation(立法) in both houses of Congress aims at reducing food waste and pays more attention to educating buyers on what different labels(标签) really mean so that they don't throw away perfectly good food.分析　本句是一个主从复合句。what引导的从句作on的宾语,同时what在从句中作mean的宾语;so that引导结果状语从句。句意　与此同时,国会两院的立法旨在减少食物浪费,并更加关注对消费者进行不同的标签所体现的真正意思的教育,这样他们就不会扔掉很好的食物了。Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,作者结合自己的经历介绍了应对拖延症的几点建议。1.D　根据本空前的she asked me why I didn't exercise more often可知,健康教练问“我”为什么不经常锻炼,此处是“我”的回答,故D项(我没有那个时间)符合语境。2.C　根据本段内容,特别是最后的结论The best move is to actually do the chore when I think of it.可知,最好的办法就是想到就做。由此可知,本段讲的是想到了什么事情就要马上去做,故C项(如果想到了,就去做)符合语境。3.G　根据后文中的What usually happens is that I forget to write it down, and even if I do, I just look at the list and procrastinate for weeks on end.可知,通常情况是“我”忘记写下来,即使是写下来,“我”也只是看看清单,连续拖延几个星期,故G项(我需要把它写下来,这样我就能记住了)符合语境。4.A　根据本空前的Part of the reason I procrastinate is that I'm a daydreamer.可知,“我”拖延的部分原因是“我”喜欢做白日梦,此处承接上文,故A项(我总是陷入沉思)符合语境。5.E　根据本空后的Am I doing what I'm supposed to be doing?可知,定时器可以让我们检查自己:我在做我该做的事吗?故E项(它可以作为即时的现实检查)符合语境。【高频词汇】　1.principle n.原则　2.instant adj.立即的长难句分析原句　What usually happens is that I forget to write it down, and even if I do, I just look at the list and procrastinate for weeks on end.分析　and连接两个并列分句,在第一个分句中What 引导主语从句What usually happens,that引导表语从句that I forget to write it down,第二个分句中 even if引导让步状语从句,主句为I just look at the list and procrastinate for weeks on end.句意　通常发生的事情是我忘记写下它,而且即使我写了,我也只是看看清单,然后一连几周地拖延。Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文,讲述的是作者有感于春天的活力,以及由偶然读到的一段话联想到的生命的意义。1.B　根据语境可知,几年前作者坐在大学的图书馆里偶然遇到这两个单词 “Life persists”。come across偶遇,B项符合语境。2.A　根据下文中的Suddenly I wasn't unhappy and impatient any more.可知,作者当时在图书馆里的心情是很烦闷的。bored烦闷的,故选A。3.B　那两个词突然从书页上的引语中跃入作者的眼帘,故B项 dancing形象生动地描述了这两个词所富含的美好活力以及作者遇到它们的偶然性。4.D　在死亡中,生命依然长存;在虚假中,真实依然永存;在黑暗中,光明依然永驻。fear害怕;doubt怀疑;terror恐怖;untruth虚假。故选项D 符合语境。5.D　根据语境及上文中的I loved to talk with him.可知,作者很想听爷爷对这句话是怎么看的。patient有耐心的;confident有自信心的;upset心烦的;desperate非常需要……的。故选项D符合语境。6.A　但是当作者的爷爷明白(got) 了,他就笑了起来。get在此处表示“理解,明白”,故选A。7.C　根据上文中“laughed”和下文中作者爷爷所背诵的语句与该句话的主题的一致性可知,作者的爷爷对这句话所表达的主题是完全同意的。puzzlement迷惑;excitement兴奋;agreement同意;amusement愉悦。故选C。8.B　作者告诉爷爷她在漫长的冬天过后,最终看到春天,特别是偶然发现那句引语,自己是有多么高兴。especially“特别,尤其”符合语境。故选B。9.D　春天就是一个生命在延续的可靠迹象。sign表示“迹象,征兆”,符合语境。故选D。10.C　根据上文中的I wasn't unhappy,下文中的rejoice(欣喜)并结合文章主题可知,它使作者感到愉悦(merry)。故选C。11.D　结合语境可知,这里指爷爷最喜欢的关于春天的语句,故选D。12.B　沙漠应该欣喜,并像玫瑰一样盛开。根据空后的as the rose可知,blossom(开花)符合语境。故选B。13.B　多年后,当作者和丈夫驱车穿越一个有很多野花和盛开的仙人掌的沙漠时,她几乎又能听到爷爷笑着说:“沙漠应该欣喜。”分析句子结构可知,设空处引导时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”,故选B。14.D　根据空后的the blooming of cactuses...和上文中的a desert with many wildflowers and blooming cactuses及The desert shall rejoice.可知,生命长存于寂静的沙漠(desert)中和盛开的仙人掌里。故选D。15.C　春天提醒我们永远充满活力。convince使相信;ensure确保;remind提醒;strike突然想到。故选C。【高频词汇】　1.persist v.维持,延续;持续存在　2.darkness n.黑暗,阴暗