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- UNIT 4 Meeting the muse 达标检测-2022版英语选择性必修第一册外研版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 1 次下载
- UNIT 5 Revealing nature Part 1-2022版英语选择性必修第一册外研版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 1 次下载
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外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature课后练习题
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这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature课后练习题，共14页。试卷主要包含了我本打算去拜访你的,但没能去成，他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A (特征)f this animal is its ability t live fr a lng time withut water.
2.The number f trees larger than tw feet acrss has (减少) by 50 percent n mre than 46,000 square miles f Califrnia frests, the new study finds.
3.She says the intrductin f the plants and animals nt (源于)t Hawaii is the main reasn fr the extinctin.
4.In the Xia Dynasty, China had gradually entered the slave sciety frm thep sciety.
5.Yu shuld nt b thers fr what is yur wn fault.
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
carry ut; by cntrast; in particular; serve as; fight ff;in the end
1.Since the beginning f the 19th century, America has had truble with envirnmental prblems, air pllutin .
2.A gd diet and fit bdy will help yu t illness and disease—and t recver mre quickly if yu d becme sick.
3.China has achieved remarkable results in fighting the new pandemic. , sme cuntries have dne a pr jb.
4.She didn't think that he was well enugh t such a difficult task.
5.His research can valuable reference fr the UN t cntrl the spread f EBOLA, a deadly virus.
6. ,the attempt failed,but the reverberatins still can be felt tday.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The five brughs f New Yrk City are thught t be hme speakers f arund 800 languages, many f them clse t extinctin.
2.I culd speak their language and identify with their prblems because I (be) there myself befre.
3.The news that they (discver) il in the desert made us happy.
4.Je is prud and stubbrn, never admitting he is wrng and always lking fr smene else (blame).
5.They stle my wallet, because I (frget) t lck the lcker.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.布朗先生在我起床的时候已经做好了早餐。
Mr Brwn had cked breakfast .
2.在简到达的时候,我们已经等待了3个小时。
Jane arrived we had been waiting fr 3 hurs.
3.老师从办公室回来时,他刚把教室打扫完。
He the classrm when the teacher returned frm the ffice.
4.那两个陌生人交谈起来就好像他们是多年的好朋友一样。
The tw strangers talked as if they fr many years.
5.在教堂墓地屹立了300年的老橡树突然间倒在了地上。
The ld ak tree, which in the churchyard fr 300 years, suddenly crashed t the grund.
6.约翰和简在结婚前就已经彼此认识很长时间了。
Jhn and Jane each ther fr a lng time befre their marriage.
7.她说自从到这儿以来她已取得了很大的进步。
She said she since she came here.
8.我本打算去拜访你的,但没能去成。
I t call n yu, but was prevented frm ding s.
9.他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他。
the audience interrupted him.
10.那是他第一次见到自己的名字被刊印出来。
It was the first time in print.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021河南洛阳一中高一月考,)
Animals can mve frm place t place, but plants cannt. When an animal is under attack, it can run away r fight back. Plants certainly cannt run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using bth physical and chemical means.
Sme plants have their wn ways t keep animals away. Fr example, the leaves f the hlly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discurage grass-eating animals. Hlly leaves n lwer branches have mre spines than leaves n upper branches. This is because the lwer leaves are easier fr mst animals t reach.
Sme plants, such as the ak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult fr animals t eat. Sme grass may cntain a sandy material; eating such grass wears dwn the animals' teeth.
Many plants als have chemical defenses. Sme plants prduce chemicals that taste bitter r cause an unpleasant reactin. Sme plants may fight against an attack by increasing the prductin f these chemicals. When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tbacc leaf, the leaf prduces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends the rts the infrmatin t prduce mre nictine. The higher levels f nictine discurage the caterpillar.
Many plants depend n bth physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, fr instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle cntains pisnus venm (毒液). A single experience with this kind f plant will teach an animal t stay away frm it in the future.
1.The leaves f the hlly plant have mre spines n the lwer branches because mst animals .
A.are nt tall enugh
B.like the lwer leaves nly
C.are nt clever enugh
D.can get the lwer leaves easily
2.T defend themselves, ak trees use .
A.chemical meansB.physical means
C.bitter chemicalsD.sandy materials
3.Hw des tbacc prtect itself against an attack frm a caterpillar?
A.Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means.
B.Its rts send a messenger t discurage the caterpillar.
C.Its rts increase the prductin f nictine when it is attacked.
D.Its leaves prduce pisnus sand t drive the caterpillar away.
4.What wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A.Plants and Animals
B.Hw Plants Defend Themselves
C.Attacks and Defenses
D.Hw Animals Eat Plants' Leaves
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020安徽黄山高一期末,)
Every animal sleeps, but the reasn fr this has remained fggy. When lab rats are nt allwed t sleep, they die within a mnth. 1
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memries. 2 We knw that, while awake, fresh memries are recrded by reinfrcing (加强) cnnectins between brain cells, but the memry prcesses that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Supprt is grwing fr a thery that sleep evlved s that cnnectins between neurns(神经元) in the brain can be weakened vernight, making rm fr fresh memries t frm the next day. 3
Nw we have the mst direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 The synapses(突触) in the mice taken at the end f a perid f sleep were 18 per cent smaller than thse taken befre sleep, shwing that the cnnectins between neurns weaken while sleeping.
If Tnni's thery is right, it wuld explain why, when we miss a night's sleep, we find it harder the next day t cncentrate and learn new infrmatin—ur brains may have smaller rm fr new experiences.
The research als suggests hw we may build lasting memries ver time even thugh the synapses becme thinner. The team discvered that sme synapses seemed t be prtected and stayed the same size. 5 “Yu keep what matters,” Tnni says.
A.We shuld als try t sleep well the night befre.
B.It's as if the brain is preserving its mst imprtant memries.
C.Similarly, when peple g fr a few days withut sleeping, they get sick.
D.The prcesses take place t stp ur brains becming laded with memries.
E.That's why students d better in tests if they get a chance t sleep after learning.
F.“Sleep is the price we pay fr learning,” says Giuli Tnni, wh develped the idea.
G.Tnni's team measured the size f these cnnectins, r synapses, in the brains f 12 mice.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2020山东高考模拟,)
My name is Miranda Gibsn. I have been at the tp f a tree fr five mnths nw. Sme peple might wnder 1 n earth I wuld chse t d that.
I have walked thrugh this frest many times. On December 12, 2011, 2 rlled int the frest and the destructin(摧毁)began. I culdn't 3 the thught that these frests wuld be 4 frever. S, n December 14, 2011, I packed up my life, 5 f my jb plans, and climbed 60 meters t the tp f this tree. I have been here ever since.
Life in the tree tp can be 6 at times. I have times when I feel frustrated(沮丧的)and wish I culd 7 , t anywhere, just have a 8 f scenery fr a minute! There are times t, when I feel terribly 9 .I miss my friends and family. 10 these times, I find myself lving the 11 .
Living n the tree has been inspiring. I am willing t 12 here fr as lng as it takes, 13 I hnestly hpe it wn't be t 14 befre I can put my feet n the grund belw and stand in a frest that will never be 15 .
B.when
C.hwD.where
B.animals
C.machineryD.turists
B.help
C.keepD.spare
B.stlen
C.prtectedD.lst
utB.fell shrt
C.ran utD.let g
B.risky
C.challengingD.rewarding
upB.get away
C.give inD.give up
B.lk
C.searchD.tuch
B.nervus
C.srryD.lnely
B.Withut
C.DespiteD.Unlike
B.experience
C.backgrundD.psitin
B.stp
C.stayD.hide
B.thugh
C.becauseD.s
B.lng
C.nearD.bad
B.lgged
C.burnedD.missed
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.declined 3.native 4.primitive 5.blame
Ⅱ particular 2.fight ff 3.By cntrast 4.carry ut
5.serve as 6.In the end
Ⅲ 考查介词。句意:纽约市的五个区被认为是大约800种语言使用者的家园,其中许多语言濒临灭绝。be hme t意为“……的家园/栖息地”。
2.had been 考查时态。句意:我会讲他们的语言,能体会他们的难处,因为我自己曾在那里待过。根据句意和befre可知此处表示过去的过去。故用过去完成时。
3.had discvered 考查时态。句意:他们在沙漠里发现石油的消息使我们高兴。此句的主干为The news made us happy, discver表示的动作发生在made之前,表示过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
4.t blame 考查非谓语动词。句意:乔骄傲而固执,从不承认自己错了,总是找别人来责怪。此处应用动词不定式t blame作smene else的后置定语。
5.had frgtten 考查时态。句意:他们偷了我的钱包,因为我忘记锁储物柜了。frget表示的动作发生在stle之前,表示过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
Ⅳ I gt up 2.By the time 3.had just finished sweeping
4.had been gd friends 5.had std 6.had knwn 7.had made much/great prgress 8.had intended 9.Hardly had he begun t speak when 10.he had seen his name
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。 介绍不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的,有些植物采取了物理学上的方法,有些采取了化学上的方法,使自己免受动物的伤害,保护自己。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的This is because the lwer leaves are easier fr mst animals t reach.可知选D项。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Sme plants, such as the ak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult fr animals t eat.可知橡树有厚的、坚硬的叶子,使用的是物理学上的方法来保护自己。故B项正确。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tbacc leaf, the leaf prduces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends the rts the infrmatin t prduce mre nictine.可知当烟叶受到毛虫攻击时,树根分泌出更多的尼古丁,故C项正确。
4.B 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的,有些植物采取了物理学上的方法,有些采取了化学上的方法,使自己免受动物的伤害,保护自己。
【高频词汇】
1.under attack遭到攻击 2.run away离开;逃离 3.discurage v.阻拦;阻止;劝阻 4.branch n.树枝 5.wear dwn(使)磨短;(使)变小 6.defense n.防卫,防护;防御能力 7.stay away frm远离
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人和动物需要睡眠的一些理论以及睡眠的重要性。
1.C 根据前一句When lab rats are nt allwed t sleep,they die within a mnth.可知如果实验鼠不睡觉,一个月内它们就死了。同样,人几天不睡觉,就会生病。人和动物形成对应,死和生病形成对应,故选C。
2.E 前一句提到睡觉有助于我们加强新的记忆。所以学生在学习新知识后如果有机会睡一觉,他们在测试中就会表现得更好,前后为因果关系,故选E。
3.F 根据下文中的he可知,此处要提到一个人以及他的理论,正好F项中有,故选F。
4.G 根据下文中提到的关键词synapses in the mice以及整个句子可知,他肯定做了关于老鼠的实验,G项有关键词synapses和mice,都与他的实验有关,故答案为G。
5.B 根据后一句提到的Yu keep what matters“你记住重要的东西”可知大脑会把最重要的记忆保存下来,前后逻辑关系顺畅,故选B。
【高频词汇】
1.fggy adj.有雾的;模糊的 2.strengthen v.加强;增强
3.awake adj.醒着(尤指入睡前或刚醒时) 4.vernight adv.在夜间,在晚上;突然,一夜之间 5.measure v.测量;估量,判定(重要性、价值或影响等) 6.becme laded with 变得充满……的
长难句分析
原句 Supprt is grwing fr a thery that sleep evlved s that cnnectins between neurns(神经元) in the brain can be weakened vernight, making rm fr fresh memries t frm the next day.
分析 此句中第一个that引导同位语从句,作thery 的同位语。 making rm fr fresh memries t frm the next day为现在分词短语作结果状语。
句意 越来越多的人支持这样一种理论:睡眠的逐步发展使大脑中神经元之间的联系能在一夜之间减弱,为第二天新的记忆的形成创造了空间。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。为保护森林, 作者在树顶居住,这一做法强烈地表达了作者保护森林的意志和决心。
1.A 根据I have been at the tp f a tree fr five mnths nw.以及第二段所述原因可知,文章的第二段恰恰是对该空的回应。此处表示“我究竟为什么要选择这样做”。
2.C 根据rlled int以及the destructin可知这里讲的是大规模砍伐森林。 machinery (统称)机器,(尤指)大型机器,符合语境。
3.A 一想到这些森林将永远消失,作者就受不了。bear承受,忍受,符合语境。
4.D 根据前文and the destructin(摧毁) began 以及文章最后一句可知lst符合语境。
5.D 根据前文I packed up my life和后文and climbed 60 meters t the tp f this tree可知选D项。 let g f意为“放弃,摒弃(感情、态度或控制)”,符合语境。
6.C 此空所在句是本段的主旨句。由本段内容可知“树顶生活”有时具有挑战性,故选C项。
7.B 根据t anywhere可知选B项,get away 意为“离开”。
8.A 根据前文信息可知作者在树上待了5个月之久,同时注意感叹号显示作者待腻了的情绪。
9.D 根据后文I miss my friends and family.可知作者有时感到孤独。
10.C 由前文可知作者的“树顶生活”单调无聊,再由后文的lving可知选C项。
11.B 此空是对前文“树顶生活”的指代。
12.C 由Living n the tree has been inspiring.可知作者愿意留在树顶。故选C项。
13.A 此处考查前后逻辑关系,此处表示转折,故用but。
14.B 句意:……但是我真心希望过不了太久我就能把脚放在下面的地上,站在一片永远不会被砍伐的森林里。
15.B lg采伐树木,伐木。与第二段中the destructin began照应。
【高频词汇】
1.n earth (用于以hw、why、what 或 where 开始的问句,表示强调,通常表示问题没有答案或很难回答)究竟,到底 2.pack up 收拾行装;停止 3.machinery n.(统称)机器;(尤指)大型机器 4.bear v.承受,忍受;承担责任
长难句分析
原句 I am willing t stay here fr as lng as it takes, but I hnestly hpe it wn't be t lng befre I can put my feet n the grund belw and stand in a frest that will never be lgged.
分析 此句是由but连接的并列复合句。第二个分句中hpe后面为省略that的宾语从句。宾语从句中含有befre引导的时间状语从句和that引导的定语从句。
句意 我愿意尽可能久地待在这里,但我真心希望过不了太久我就能把脚放在下面的地上,站在一片永远不会被砍伐的森林里。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A (特征)f this animal is its ability t live fr a lng time withut water.
2.The number f trees larger than tw feet acrss has (减少) by 50 percent n mre than 46,000 square miles f Califrnia frests, the new study finds.
3.She says the intrductin f the plants and animals nt (源于)t Hawaii is the main reasn fr the extinctin.
4.In the Xia Dynasty, China had gradually entered the slave sciety frm thep sciety.
5.Yu shuld nt b thers fr what is yur wn fault.
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
carry ut; by cntrast; in particular; serve as; fight ff;in the end
1.Since the beginning f the 19th century, America has had truble with envirnmental prblems, air pllutin .
2.A gd diet and fit bdy will help yu t illness and disease—and t recver mre quickly if yu d becme sick.
3.China has achieved remarkable results in fighting the new pandemic. , sme cuntries have dne a pr jb.
4.She didn't think that he was well enugh t such a difficult task.
5.His research can valuable reference fr the UN t cntrl the spread f EBOLA, a deadly virus.
6. ,the attempt failed,but the reverberatins still can be felt tday.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The five brughs f New Yrk City are thught t be hme speakers f arund 800 languages, many f them clse t extinctin.
2.I culd speak their language and identify with their prblems because I (be) there myself befre.
3.The news that they (discver) il in the desert made us happy.
4.Je is prud and stubbrn, never admitting he is wrng and always lking fr smene else (blame).
5.They stle my wallet, because I (frget) t lck the lcker.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.布朗先生在我起床的时候已经做好了早餐。
Mr Brwn had cked breakfast .
2.在简到达的时候,我们已经等待了3个小时。
Jane arrived we had been waiting fr 3 hurs.
3.老师从办公室回来时,他刚把教室打扫完。
He the classrm when the teacher returned frm the ffice.
4.那两个陌生人交谈起来就好像他们是多年的好朋友一样。
The tw strangers talked as if they fr many years.
5.在教堂墓地屹立了300年的老橡树突然间倒在了地上。
The ld ak tree, which in the churchyard fr 300 years, suddenly crashed t the grund.
6.约翰和简在结婚前就已经彼此认识很长时间了。
Jhn and Jane each ther fr a lng time befre their marriage.
7.她说自从到这儿以来她已取得了很大的进步。
She said she since she came here.
8.我本打算去拜访你的,但没能去成。
I t call n yu, but was prevented frm ding s.
9.他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他。
the audience interrupted him.
10.那是他第一次见到自己的名字被刊印出来。
It was the first time in print.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021河南洛阳一中高一月考,)
Animals can mve frm place t place, but plants cannt. When an animal is under attack, it can run away r fight back. Plants certainly cannt run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using bth physical and chemical means.
Sme plants have their wn ways t keep animals away. Fr example, the leaves f the hlly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discurage grass-eating animals. Hlly leaves n lwer branches have mre spines than leaves n upper branches. This is because the lwer leaves are easier fr mst animals t reach.
Sme plants, such as the ak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult fr animals t eat. Sme grass may cntain a sandy material; eating such grass wears dwn the animals' teeth.
Many plants als have chemical defenses. Sme plants prduce chemicals that taste bitter r cause an unpleasant reactin. Sme plants may fight against an attack by increasing the prductin f these chemicals. When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tbacc leaf, the leaf prduces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends the rts the infrmatin t prduce mre nictine. The higher levels f nictine discurage the caterpillar.
Many plants depend n bth physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, fr instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle cntains pisnus venm (毒液). A single experience with this kind f plant will teach an animal t stay away frm it in the future.
1.The leaves f the hlly plant have mre spines n the lwer branches because mst animals .
A.are nt tall enugh
B.like the lwer leaves nly
C.are nt clever enugh
D.can get the lwer leaves easily
2.T defend themselves, ak trees use .
A.chemical meansB.physical means
C.bitter chemicalsD.sandy materials
3.Hw des tbacc prtect itself against an attack frm a caterpillar?
A.Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means.
B.Its rts send a messenger t discurage the caterpillar.
C.Its rts increase the prductin f nictine when it is attacked.
D.Its leaves prduce pisnus sand t drive the caterpillar away.
4.What wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A.Plants and Animals
B.Hw Plants Defend Themselves
C.Attacks and Defenses
D.Hw Animals Eat Plants' Leaves
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020安徽黄山高一期末,)
Every animal sleeps, but the reasn fr this has remained fggy. When lab rats are nt allwed t sleep, they die within a mnth. 1
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memries. 2 We knw that, while awake, fresh memries are recrded by reinfrcing (加强) cnnectins between brain cells, but the memry prcesses that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Supprt is grwing fr a thery that sleep evlved s that cnnectins between neurns(神经元) in the brain can be weakened vernight, making rm fr fresh memries t frm the next day. 3
Nw we have the mst direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 The synapses(突触) in the mice taken at the end f a perid f sleep were 18 per cent smaller than thse taken befre sleep, shwing that the cnnectins between neurns weaken while sleeping.
If Tnni's thery is right, it wuld explain why, when we miss a night's sleep, we find it harder the next day t cncentrate and learn new infrmatin—ur brains may have smaller rm fr new experiences.
The research als suggests hw we may build lasting memries ver time even thugh the synapses becme thinner. The team discvered that sme synapses seemed t be prtected and stayed the same size. 5 “Yu keep what matters,” Tnni says.
A.We shuld als try t sleep well the night befre.
B.It's as if the brain is preserving its mst imprtant memries.
C.Similarly, when peple g fr a few days withut sleeping, they get sick.
D.The prcesses take place t stp ur brains becming laded with memries.
E.That's why students d better in tests if they get a chance t sleep after learning.
F.“Sleep is the price we pay fr learning,” says Giuli Tnni, wh develped the idea.
G.Tnni's team measured the size f these cnnectins, r synapses, in the brains f 12 mice.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2020山东高考模拟,)
My name is Miranda Gibsn. I have been at the tp f a tree fr five mnths nw. Sme peple might wnder 1 n earth I wuld chse t d that.
I have walked thrugh this frest many times. On December 12, 2011, 2 rlled int the frest and the destructin(摧毁)began. I culdn't 3 the thught that these frests wuld be 4 frever. S, n December 14, 2011, I packed up my life, 5 f my jb plans, and climbed 60 meters t the tp f this tree. I have been here ever since.
Life in the tree tp can be 6 at times. I have times when I feel frustrated(沮丧的)and wish I culd 7 , t anywhere, just have a 8 f scenery fr a minute! There are times t, when I feel terribly 9 .I miss my friends and family. 10 these times, I find myself lving the 11 .
Living n the tree has been inspiring. I am willing t 12 here fr as lng as it takes, 13 I hnestly hpe it wn't be t 14 befre I can put my feet n the grund belw and stand in a frest that will never be 15 .
B.when
C.hwD.where
B.animals
C.machineryD.turists
B.help
C.keepD.spare
B.stlen
C.prtectedD.lst
utB.fell shrt
C.ran utD.let g
B.risky
C.challengingD.rewarding
upB.get away
C.give inD.give up
B.lk
C.searchD.tuch
B.nervus
C.srryD.lnely
B.Withut
C.DespiteD.Unlike
B.experience
C.backgrundD.psitin
B.stp
C.stayD.hide
B.thugh
C.becauseD.s
B.lng
C.nearD.bad
B.lgged
C.burnedD.missed
Part 2 Using language
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.declined 3.native 4.primitive 5.blame
Ⅱ particular 2.fight ff 3.By cntrast 4.carry ut
5.serve as 6.In the end
Ⅲ 考查介词。句意:纽约市的五个区被认为是大约800种语言使用者的家园,其中许多语言濒临灭绝。be hme t意为“……的家园/栖息地”。
2.had been 考查时态。句意:我会讲他们的语言,能体会他们的难处,因为我自己曾在那里待过。根据句意和befre可知此处表示过去的过去。故用过去完成时。
3.had discvered 考查时态。句意:他们在沙漠里发现石油的消息使我们高兴。此句的主干为The news made us happy, discver表示的动作发生在made之前,表示过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
4.t blame 考查非谓语动词。句意:乔骄傲而固执,从不承认自己错了,总是找别人来责怪。此处应用动词不定式t blame作smene else的后置定语。
5.had frgtten 考查时态。句意:他们偷了我的钱包,因为我忘记锁储物柜了。frget表示的动作发生在stle之前,表示过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
Ⅳ I gt up 2.By the time 3.had just finished sweeping
4.had been gd friends 5.had std 6.had knwn 7.had made much/great prgress 8.had intended 9.Hardly had he begun t speak when 10.he had seen his name
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。 介绍不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的,有些植物采取了物理学上的方法,有些采取了化学上的方法,使自己免受动物的伤害,保护自己。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的This is because the lwer leaves are easier fr mst animals t reach.可知选D项。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Sme plants, such as the ak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult fr animals t eat.可知橡树有厚的、坚硬的叶子,使用的是物理学上的方法来保护自己。故B项正确。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tbacc leaf, the leaf prduces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends the rts the infrmatin t prduce mre nictine.可知当烟叶受到毛虫攻击时,树根分泌出更多的尼古丁,故C项正确。
4.B 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的,有些植物采取了物理学上的方法,有些采取了化学上的方法,使自己免受动物的伤害,保护自己。
【高频词汇】
1.under attack遭到攻击 2.run away离开;逃离 3.discurage v.阻拦;阻止;劝阻 4.branch n.树枝 5.wear dwn(使)磨短;(使)变小 6.defense n.防卫,防护;防御能力 7.stay away frm远离
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人和动物需要睡眠的一些理论以及睡眠的重要性。
1.C 根据前一句When lab rats are nt allwed t sleep,they die within a mnth.可知如果实验鼠不睡觉,一个月内它们就死了。同样,人几天不睡觉,就会生病。人和动物形成对应,死和生病形成对应,故选C。
2.E 前一句提到睡觉有助于我们加强新的记忆。所以学生在学习新知识后如果有机会睡一觉,他们在测试中就会表现得更好,前后为因果关系,故选E。
3.F 根据下文中的he可知,此处要提到一个人以及他的理论,正好F项中有,故选F。
4.G 根据下文中提到的关键词synapses in the mice以及整个句子可知,他肯定做了关于老鼠的实验,G项有关键词synapses和mice,都与他的实验有关,故答案为G。
5.B 根据后一句提到的Yu keep what matters“你记住重要的东西”可知大脑会把最重要的记忆保存下来,前后逻辑关系顺畅,故选B。
【高频词汇】
1.fggy adj.有雾的;模糊的 2.strengthen v.加强;增强
3.awake adj.醒着(尤指入睡前或刚醒时) 4.vernight adv.在夜间,在晚上;突然,一夜之间 5.measure v.测量;估量,判定(重要性、价值或影响等) 6.becme laded with 变得充满……的
长难句分析
原句 Supprt is grwing fr a thery that sleep evlved s that cnnectins between neurns(神经元) in the brain can be weakened vernight, making rm fr fresh memries t frm the next day.
分析 此句中第一个that引导同位语从句,作thery 的同位语。 making rm fr fresh memries t frm the next day为现在分词短语作结果状语。
句意 越来越多的人支持这样一种理论:睡眠的逐步发展使大脑中神经元之间的联系能在一夜之间减弱,为第二天新的记忆的形成创造了空间。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。为保护森林, 作者在树顶居住,这一做法强烈地表达了作者保护森林的意志和决心。
1.A 根据I have been at the tp f a tree fr five mnths nw.以及第二段所述原因可知,文章的第二段恰恰是对该空的回应。此处表示“我究竟为什么要选择这样做”。
2.C 根据rlled int以及the destructin可知这里讲的是大规模砍伐森林。 machinery (统称)机器,(尤指)大型机器,符合语境。
3.A 一想到这些森林将永远消失,作者就受不了。bear承受,忍受,符合语境。
4.D 根据前文and the destructin(摧毁) began 以及文章最后一句可知lst符合语境。
5.D 根据前文I packed up my life和后文and climbed 60 meters t the tp f this tree可知选D项。 let g f意为“放弃,摒弃(感情、态度或控制)”,符合语境。
6.C 此空所在句是本段的主旨句。由本段内容可知“树顶生活”有时具有挑战性,故选C项。
7.B 根据t anywhere可知选B项,get away 意为“离开”。
8.A 根据前文信息可知作者在树上待了5个月之久,同时注意感叹号显示作者待腻了的情绪。
9.D 根据后文I miss my friends and family.可知作者有时感到孤独。
10.C 由前文可知作者的“树顶生活”单调无聊,再由后文的lving可知选C项。
11.B 此空是对前文“树顶生活”的指代。
12.C 由Living n the tree has been inspiring.可知作者愿意留在树顶。故选C项。
13.A 此处考查前后逻辑关系,此处表示转折,故用but。
14.B 句意:……但是我真心希望过不了太久我就能把脚放在下面的地上,站在一片永远不会被砍伐的森林里。
15.B lg采伐树木,伐木。与第二段中the destructin began照应。
【高频词汇】
1.n earth (用于以hw、why、what 或 where 开始的问句,表示强调,通常表示问题没有答案或很难回答)究竟,到底 2.pack up 收拾行装;停止 3.machinery n.(统称)机器;(尤指)大型机器 4.bear v.承受,忍受;承担责任
长难句分析
原句 I am willing t stay here fr as lng as it takes, but I hnestly hpe it wn't be t lng befre I can put my feet n the grund belw and stand in a frest that will never be lgged.
分析 此句是由but连接的并列复合句。第二个分句中hpe后面为省略that的宾语从句。宾语从句中含有befre引导的时间状语从句和that引导的定语从句。
句意 我愿意尽可能久地待在这里,但我真心希望过不了太久我就能把脚放在下面的地上,站在一片永远不会被砍伐的森林里。
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