人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures导学案

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures导学案，共26页。学案主要包含了词汇知识·自主学习，阅读精析·合作学习，要点精研·探究学习，词块积累，句式解构，要点拾遗，易混辨析，知识延伸等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Unit 2　Bridging Cultures Using Language

【词汇知识·自主学习】
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. culture shock　　　　　　　　　　　文化冲击 
2. an overwhelming desire 无法抗拒的欲望
3. become more motivated 变得更积极
4. maintain reasonable expectations 保持合理的期望 
5. a successful applicant 一位成功的申请人
6. exposure to another culture 接触另一种文化
7. give exchange students great insights into the world
让留学生了解世界
8. after his departure 在他离开后
9. grasp the tones 理解语调
10. a dramatic increase 急剧增长
11. tuition fees and living expenses 学费和生活费
12. tremendous pressure 巨大的压力
13. how to behave in new surroundings 在新环境里如何表现
14. mature thoughts 成熟的思想
15. become depressed 变得消沉
16. strengthen our country 壮大我们的国家
17. deny the fact 拒绝这个事实
18. be optimistic about life 对生活很乐观
19. gain a global perspective 获得全球视野
20. improve your general competence 提高综合能力
21. cooperate with people from diverse cultural backgrounds 与来自不同文化背景的人合作
Ⅱ. 根据提示用恰当的短语填空
1. A week at a health farm can cost an arm and a leg(花一大笔钱).  
2. We are all side with (支持)your opinion that we should hold a spoken competition.  
3. As far as I know(据我所知), the presentation he made at the meeting was wonderful and popular with the people present.  
4. As far as I am concerned(就我而言), both health and wealth are important to our life.  
5. In summary(总之), this was a disappointing performance.  
6. Generally speaking(一般来说), a promotion means higher salary and more responsibility.  
Ⅰ. 用适当的介词或副词填空
1. To begin with, it is important to have a positive attitude.
2. Many exchange students may suffer from culture shock.  
3. He shows great interest in maths and works hard. In addition, he is gifted.
4. The three sons also contribute to the family business.
5. To sum up, there are three main ways of solving the problem.
6. The project would give scientists new insights into what is happening to the earth’s atmosphere.
7. The local government supported the factory. In turn, it improved the economy of this area.
8. All in all, it appeared that a pretty depressing summer awaited Jones.
9. He made one big mistake, and, as a result, lost his job.
10. It is possible to combine Computer Science with other subjects, for instance Physics.
Ⅱ. 根据课文及汉语意思提示补全句子
1. Studying in China(在中国学习) is much more convenient and can help save money.  
2. Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave(学习如何行为) in new surroundings.  
3. As China has boomed(随着中国的蓬勃发展), the educational environment has improved significantly, with many great universities now available.  
4. Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations(促进国家间友谊的).  
5. Finally, studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to (做贡献的机会)the development of our motherland.  
【阅读精析·合作学习】
　Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks


　Task 2　文本微观剖析: 细节探究 
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)What does Wang Li think is the first disadvantage of studying abroad?
A. High cost. 　　　　　　　　B. Culture shock.
C. Mental stress. D. Unfamiliar language.
(2)How many reasons are listed to cause pressure on students studying abroad?
A. Three. 　　　B. Four. 　　　C. Five. 　　　D. Six.
(3)What is Wang Li’s attitude towards China’s education?
A. Doubtful. B. Positive.
C. Critical. D. Negative.
(4)What do Wang Li and Zhang Yi have in common?
A. They both support studying abroad.
B. Both are worried about students studying abroad.
C. Both of them have experience of studying abroad.
D. They both hope students contribute to our country.
(5)How do the two present their views?
A. By listing reasons.
B. By making comparisons.
C. By citing others’ opinions.
D. By analyzing data.
答案: (1)～(5)ACBDA
Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
Studying abroad: Is it a good or a bad idea?
Disadvantages
(1)great ①economic pressure
(2)the tremendous pressure that comes with ②studying abroad
(3)Studying in China has a great ③future to look forward to
Advantages
(1)personal ④growth
(2)the increase chance for ⑤cultural exchange
(3)provide a great opportunity to contribute to the ⑥development of our motherland
(4)help to build ⑦character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity.
课文语法填空
　　A local newspaper has invited parents (1)to share(share) their opinions about studying abroad. Here are the opinions of two parents.  
Wang Li believes that studying abroad has a lot of (2)disadvantages(disadvantage), such as great economic pressure, academic pressure and other pressures from (3)adapting(adapt) to the new environments. On (4)the other hand, studying in China can also contribute well (5)to the country.
While another parent, Zhang Yi, thinks that studying abroad is (6) beneficial(benefit). It can contribute to individual growth, promote (7)cultural (culture) exchange and in turn provide a chance to contribute to the (8)development(develop) of our motherland.  
Though the two parents have different opinions, they both hope (9)that young people have a good education and help build the national economy, and further (10)strengthen (strong) our country.  
2. Long sentence analysis.
(1)A final point to consider(主语)is that [while studying abroad does have potential benefits](让步状语从句), young people (who study in China)(定语从句) also have a great future to look forward to(表语从句)!  
译文: 最后要考虑的一点是, 虽然出国留学确实有潜在的好处, 但在国内学习的年轻人同样未来可期!
(2)They(主语) have(谓语)great facilities and outstanding professors(宾语), helping to educate young people [who will contribute to the economy](定语从句) and further strengthen our country(现在分词作结果状语).  
译文: 那里有一流的设施和杰出的教授, 助力培养为经济作贡献、进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。
(3)All in all, studying abroad (主语)helps (谓语)to build character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all(状语).  
译文: 总之, 出国留学有助于塑造性格, 增加人们对文化多样性的理解, 同时也能增强中国的国力, 打造人类命运共同体。
【要点精研·探究学习】
1. applicant n. 申请人
*Who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm?
谁会成功得到律师事务所的暑期工作?
*The application form is important. Sit down and write it out properly.
申请表十分重要, 坐下来好好填写。
*(2021·浙江高考)The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage.
研究表明, 这些动物已经弄明白了如何将它们在训练中学到的关于人脸的知识应用到测试阶段的新面孔上。
* You would pass your exams if you applied yourself to reviewing.
专心复习就会通过考试。

【词块积累】
(1)apply　　　　　　vt. 涂; 敷; 搽; 应用; 运用
vi. 申请; 请求; 使用; 有效
apply sth. to 把……涂到; 把……运用到
apply oneself to 致力于; 集中精力于
apply to 适用于……
apply (to. . . )for. . . (向……)申请……
(2)application n. 申请; 应用
语法填空
(1)Every applicant (apply) must take the oral examination.
(2)Students learned the practical application(apply) of the theory they had learned in the classroom.
(3)What is most important is that we should apply theory to practice.
(4)He is applied himself to comforting(comfort) the crying girl.
2. expose vt. 使接触; 使体验; 显露; 使暴露于(险境)
*Don’t expose your skin to sunlight directly, or you will get sunburnt.
不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下, 否则你会被晒伤。
*Workers at the nuclear plant were exposed to high doses of radiation.
核电站的工作人员受到大量辐射。
*Travelling abroad exposes children to different languages and cultures.
去国外旅行会使孩子们接触到不同的语言和文化。
*There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.
有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。
【词块积累】
(1)expose . . . to . . . 　　使……暴露于……; 使……遭受……
be exposed to 暴露于; 接触
(2)exposure n. 接触; 体验; 暴露; 揭露
expose用法点拨
　　及物动词expose后若无宾语, 则常常使用它的被动形式; 在expose. . . to. . . 以及be exposed to结构中, to为介词, 其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
(1)语法填空
①(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch”where the glow would fade when exposed (expose)to daylight.
②Being exposed(expose) to different cultures can broaden children’s horizons.  
③After only a short exposure(expose) to sunlight he began to turn red.
④Some people think we shouldn’t expose the children to playing (play) computer games.
(2)句式转换
Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
→If exposed to very loud music every day, young people may risk going deaf. (省略句) 
→Being exposed to very loud music every day makes it possible for young people to risk going deaf. (动名词作主语) 
3. behave vt. 表现vi. & vt. 表现得体; 有礼貌
*The child behaved well to/towards other guests at the party.
那个孩子在聚会上对其他客人非常礼貌。
*If parents do not teach their child how to behave himself, he will do anything at will.
如果父母不教给他们的孩子如何守规矩, 他会恣意妄为的。
*(2018·北京高考) Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits.
了解这些原因可以让我们审视自己的行为, 纠正不良习惯。
【词块积累】
(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. 　对待某人好/不好
behave oneself 守规矩; 表现得体
(2)well-behaved adj. 表现好的
badly-behaved adj. 表现差的
(3)behaviour n. [U]举止; 行为; 习性
语法填空
(1) They behaved very badly (bad) towards their guests.
(2) I want you to behave yourselves (you)while I’m away.
(3) His behaviour (behave)towards her was becoming more and more aggressive.
4. surroundings n. [pl. ]环境; 周围的事物
*It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surroundings.
我花了几周的时间才适应了新环境。
* The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.
四周的小城镇已并入这座城市。
*(2019·江苏高考)We are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling.
我们周围有一个天然的运动场, 非常适合散步、滑雪、攀岩和骑自行车。
【词块积累】
(1)surrounding 　　　　　adj. 周围的; 附近的
(2)surround vt. 环绕; 围绕; (使)包围
surround. . . with. . . 以……环绕/包围……
be surrounded by/with. . . 被……包围/环绕
语法填空
(1)(2020·浙江高考)The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded (surround) by a high wire fence.  
(2)(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
(3)(2019·江苏高考)Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded(surround) by his family.
(4)The development of the site will have implications for the surrounding (surround) countryside.
(5)Schumacher adapted effortlessly to his new surroundings(surround).
5. strengthen vi. &vt. 加强; 增强; 巩固
*The agreement strengthened the bonds between the two countries.
协议加强了两国间的联系。
*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections.
既然你列出了自己的长处, 也要列举自己的不足。
【词块积累】
(1) strengthen one’s body　　　　增强体质
(2) strength n. 力气; 体力
build up one’s strength 增强体力
strengths and weaknesses 长处和短处
语法填空
(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths(strength), your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc.
(2)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.
(3)The publication of Great Expectations, which was both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened(strength)Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
6. deny vt. 否认; 否定; 拒绝
*To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these factors.
总之, 我们不能否认出国留学有它的缺点, 所以当你考虑出国留学时, 你应该考虑这诸多的因素。
*He denied the students a chance to engage in the activity. =He denied a chance to engage in the activity to students. 他拒绝给学生参与这个活动的机会。 
*There’s no denying (the fact) that quicker action could have saved them.
无可否认, 如果行动快一点, 本来是救得了他们的。
【词块积累】
(1)deny doing sth. 　　　　　　　　否认做某事
deny sb. sth. =deny sth. to sb. 拒绝给予某人某物
(2)There is no denying that 不可否认的是
(1)语法填空
①He strongly denied getting(get)involved in the case.
②Tom’s father denied an opportunity to speak up their opinions to children.
③There is no denying(deny)that this project will cost an arm and a leg.  
(2)There is no denying that our earth is suffering severe damage.  
不可否认, 我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。
7. Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.  
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时, 有些学生可能会感到吃力, 并承受文化冲击的折磨。
【句式解构】
本句是状语从句的省略。完整句式为when they are learning how to behave in new surroundings。
*While enjoying the meal, some talented students gave a wonderful folk dance performance, making the elderly very happy.
吃饭时, 一些有天赋的学生表演了精彩的民间舞蹈, 这使老人非常高兴。
状语从句的省略
(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致, 且从句中含有动词be时, 可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。
(2)当从句中含有it+be时, 可将it和be省略。
(3)掌握下列短语: if any如果有的话; if so如果是这样的话; if ever如果曾经有的话; if not如果不这样的话
*If admitted, I will do all I can to do the work well.
如果我能被录用, 我一定会努力把工作做好的。
If necessary, you can turn to your teachers for help when you feel depressed.
如果有必要的话, 当你感到沮丧的话, 你可以向老师寻求帮助。
(1)语法填空
①(2019·北京高考) While working(work), I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.
②You shouldn’t come to his party unless invited(invite).
(2)句式升级
When you are analysing the question, you should pay attention to these important facts.
→When analysing the question, you should pay attention to these important facts. (用状语从句的省略) 
【要点拾遗】
1. motivate vt. 成为……的动机; 激发; 激励
*She’s very good at motivating her students to work out complex problems.
她非常擅长激励她的学生解决难题。
*(2020·天津高考) With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning.
有了高度的动力和热情, 我们可以继续学习。
* I am working with mostly highly motivated people.
和我共事的人大多积极性极高。
【词块积累】
(1)motivate sb. to do sth. 　　　激励某人做某事
(2)motivated adj. 积极的; 主动的
(3)motivation n. 动力; 积极性; 动机
语法填空
(1)The plan is designed to motivate employees to work (work) more efficiently.  
(2) Most people said that pay was their main motivation(motivate) for working.
(3)Employers tend to hire highly motivated(motivate) employees.
2. expectation n. 期望; 期待; 预期; 指望
*His new book did not come up to expectation.
他的新书没有达到预期水平。
* Their ancestors came to this country with the expectation of finding new freedom and opportunity.
他们的祖先怀着寻找新的自由和机会的期望来到这个国家。
【词块积累】
(1)in expectation 　　　　　期望着; 意料之中
in expectation of 预计会有; 期待; 期望
with the expectation of 带着……期望
live up to one’s expectation 不辜负某人的期望
(2)expect vt. 期望; 指望; 认为; 预料
expect to do. . . 期待做某事
expect sth. 期望……; 预料……
expect that 期望
It is expected that. . . 人们期望……
语法填空
(1)The company has expectations of making a profit next year.
(2)We expect an agreement to be established (establish)soon.  
(3)We all have an expectation(expect) that we can be admitted to our own ideal universities.
(4)It is expected that more local students will depart from the airport in Xining, capital of Qinghai.
3. expense n. 损失, 代价; 消费; 开支
*I can’t afford the expense of redecorating my house.
我负担不起重新装修房子的费用。
*House repairs, holidays and other expenses reduced his bank balance to almost nothing.
修房、度假和其他开销使他在银行的存款所剩无几。
*The orchestra has more discipline now, but at the expense of spirit. 那个管弦乐团现在更有纪律性了, 却丧失了灵魂。
*If you can’t afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you at no expense.
如果你无法负担律师费用, 法院可为你免费指派一名律师。
【词块积累】
(1)at the expense of　　　　　以……为代价; 由……支付费用
at no expense 不花钱地
at great expense 以巨大的代价
extra expense 额外费用
(2)expensive adj. 昂贵的; 花钱的
【易混辨析】几种“费用”辨析
expense
泛指“花费; 开支”, 如current expense“日常开支”, selling expense“销售费用”, travelling expense “旅费”等
charge
“原价, 要价”。常用复数, 主要指一次性劳务所收取的费用, 如服务费, 行李超重费, 旅馆费等
cost
“成本, 费用”常表示对已取得的货物或劳务所支付的费用。如production cost“生产成本”, living cost “生活费用”, the cost of“……的费用”等
fare
“交通费”指乘坐公共汽车, 出租车, 火车, 轮船, 飞机等所支付的交通费用
fee
“费用; 酬金”指医生, 律师, 或其他专门职业的佣金或会费, 手续费, 停车费等
根据汉语提示填入适当的词
(1)This is not just theory; it is a lesson we learned, at great expense, during the Savings and Loan crisis of the 1980s.
这不只是理论; 它是我们经历了20世纪80年代的储贷危机以巨大的代价所习得的教训。
(2)We have to make a small charge for refreshments.
我们得收取少量茶点费。
(3)We did not even make enough money to cover the cost of the food. 我们挣的钱甚至无法糊口。 
(4)Most of the apps we found charge a monthly or yearly fee. We do not.
我们发现, 大多数应用程序都会按月或年收费, 而我们不收费。
4. side with 支持; 站在……的一边
*It is safer to side with the stronger party.
站在实力较强的一边比较稳妥。
*Whoever side with the revolutionary people is a revolutionary.
谁站在革命人民一边, 谁就是革命者。
【词块积累】
表示“支持某人”的短语
take the side of　　　　　站在……一边
support sb. 支持某人
back up sb. 支持某人
in favor of 有利于, 支持
in support of 支持; 拥护
语法填空
(1)I side with him on this question.
(2)He seemed to take the side of those who believe in Marxism.
(3)He is now backed up by experts from headquarters.
(4)Some people are in favor of reform, and others have concerns.
5. as far as I am concerned 就我而言; 依我看来
*As far as I am concerned, your paper is fine as it is.
依我看来你的论文写得很好。
*As far as I know, no quality problems were reported concerning materials purchased through these channels.
据我所知, 通过这些渠道购买的材料没有出现质量问题。
*As far as I can see, he says much the same as they do.
依我看, 他谈的就跟他们那套差不多。
【词块积累】
as far as的常见用法:
as far as“远至……”(在否定句中可用so far as)
as far as sb. /sth. is concerned 　就某人/物而言
as far as the eye can see/reach 就视力所能及
as far as I can see 依我看; 据我所见
as far as I know 就我所知
as far as I can understand 据我所知
【知识延伸】“as . . . as”短语荟萃
as well as　　　　既……又……; 和……一样好
as good as 与……一样好; 简直; 几乎
as long as 只要; 长达
as soon as 一……就……

(1)As far as I know, they keep Christmas as well as the Spring Festival in their house.  
据我所知, 他们在家里过春节, 也过圣诞节。
(2)As far as I can judge, they are all to blame.  
据我判断, 他们都有责任。
(3)As far as I am concerned, they won’t let the child suffer.  
依我看来, 他们不会让孩子受苦。
6. in summary 总之; 总的来说
*In summary, if the coronavirus is not contained, it is a serious threat to the whole of humanity. 总而言之, 如果冠状病毒得不到控制, 它将对整个人类构成严重威胁。
*In summary, finally everybody could reap the benefits of technological progress and have more free time. 总之, 最终每个人都会从技术进步中受益和得到更多的自由时间。
【词块积累】
表示“总之”的常见短语:
in summary/a word 　　　　总之
all in all 总之
in conclusion 总之
in short/brief 总之; 简言之
to sum up 总之, 概括地说
(1)语法填空
In summary, everyone has both strengths and weaknesses.
(2)In summary/a word/ conclusion/ short/ brief, good office English skills are not an option, but an essential, if you want to be part of this international corporation.  
总之, 如果你想成为这家跨国公司的一员, 良好的办公室英语技能不是一个选择, 而是一个必要条件。
7. A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits, young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! 最后要考虑的一点是, 虽然出国留学确实有潜在的好处, 但在中国学习的年轻人同样未来可期!  
【句式解构】
　　while引导让步状语从句, 可用于句首, 意为“尽管, 虽然”。如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同, 谓语动词又含有be动词时, 从句的主语和be动词可以省略。例如:
*While he was ill, he attended the meeting. (= While ill, he attended the meeting. )
虽然他生病了, 但他还是参会了。
*While the summit has been delayed, the climate emergency can’t be put on hold.
虽然峰会被推迟了, 但气候的紧急状态不能被搁置。
*While the majority of them chose to stay overseas, China will take necessary measures to help bring back those who really want to return.
虽然大多数人选择留在海外, 但中国将采取必要措施帮助那些真正想回国的人回国。

while作连词时的主要用法:
(1)“当……的时候”, 引导时间状语从句
(2)“而, 然而”, 表示对比, 连接并列句
(3)“虽然; 尽管”, 表示转折, 引导让步状语从句

(1)In addition, we can gradually develop a closer friendship while enjoying these activities.  
此外, 我们可以逐渐在享受这些活动的同时发展更密切的友谊。
(2)While travel can broaden your mind, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.  
尽管旅游能够增长见识, 但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多时间和金钱。
(3) My brother loves adventurous life while I enjoy a more peaceful life.  
我的哥哥喜欢冒险的生活, 而我喜欢宁静的生活。
【读写结合·表达升级】
如何写一封表达观点的建议信

　　建议信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告的一种文体。建议信要给出写信的原因, 建议的内容, 提出建议的理由, 而且提出的建议要合情合理, 同时语气一定要得体, 既要委婉礼貌, 又要有说服力。

　　假定你是李华, 你的新西兰朋友Terry正在学习汉语, 他来信说有些人建议他到中国来学习汉语, 他父母却希望他在新西兰学习汉语。请你给他回信, 内容包括: 1. 对他学汉语表示高兴; 2. 你的观点; 3. 合理建议。
注意: 1. 词数80个左右; 2. 可以适当发挥, 以使行文连贯。



·完成句子
1. 得知你正在学习汉语, 我感到非常高兴。
I am very glad to know that you are learning Chinese.  
2. 的确, 学好汉语有很多途径。
Indeed, there are many ways to learn Chinese well.  
3. 如果你到中国来学汉语, 良好的语言环境会使你学起来更快, 学得更好。
If you come to China to learn Chinese, the perfect language environment will make you learn 
faster and better.  
4. 持这种观点的人很多, 包括我在内。
Many people hold this view and I am included.  
5. 你的父母希望你在新西兰学习汉语, 也许是因为他们不想让你离开他们太远。
Your parents want you to study Chinese in New Zealand, maybe because they don’t want you to leave them too far.  
6. 我的观点是, 你到中国来学习汉语, 这样, 你不仅可以学到地道的汉语, 还能领略独特的中国文化。
In my opinion, you should come to China to learn Chinese, so that you can not only learn authentic Chinese, but also experience the unique Chinese culture.  
7. 希望你能说服你的父母让你来中国, 那样的话, 我可以帮你学习汉语。
I hope you can persuade your parents to let you come to China. In that case, I will help you learn Chinese.  
·句式升级
8. 用分词作状语改写句4。
Many people hold this view, me included.  
9. 用表语从句改写句6。
My opinion is that you come to China to learn Chinese, so that you can not only learn authentic Chinese, but also experience the unique Chinese culture.  

Dear Terry,
I am very glad to know that you are learning Chinese.
Indeed, there are many ways to learn Chinese well. If you come to China to learn Chinese, the perfect language environment will make you learn faster and better. Many people hold this view, me included. As to your parents, they want you to study Chinese in New Zealand, maybe because they don’t want you to leave them too far.
My opinion is that you come to China to learn Chinese, so that you can not only learn authentic Chinese, but also experience the unique Chinese culture.
I hope you can persuade your parents to let you come to China. In that case, I will help you learn Chinese.
Yours,
Li Hua

1. 话题词汇
(1)consider考虑
(2)regret 后悔; 遗憾
(3)determine 决定
(4)intend 意图
(5)prepare 准备
(6)I am convinced 我相信
(7)try one’s best
尽某人最大努力
(8)you are supposed to
你应当……
(9)inform. . . of. . .
通知某人某事
(10)in my opinion 依我看
2. 话题句式
(1)表达感情
①It is a pity that. . .
很遗憾……
②I am glad to know. . .
我很高兴知道……
③It is my pleasure to. . .
我很高兴……
④I am willing to. . .
我很乐意……
⑤I am so sorry that. . .
非常抱歉……
(2)提出建议
①It is helpful for you to. . .
……对你很有帮助
②It would be better if. . .
如果……会好一些
③It should be a better idea for you to. . .
对你来说, ……是个不错的主意
④you are supposed to. . .
你应该……
⑤You’d better. . .
你最好……
⑥You need to. . .
你需要……
⑦would you like/ love to. . .
你想……
⑧Why not do. . .
为什么不……
⑨I’d like to suggest that. . .
我想要建议……
⑩If I were you, I would. . .
如果我是你, 我会. . . . . .
⑪ As is known to all. . .
众所周知……
⑫What’s more, try to. . .
更重要的是, 试一试……
⑬Last but not least, you should. . .
最后但同样重要的是, 你应当……
【主题活动·话题实践】
Ⅰ. 语用功能表达
表达观点
1. In my opinion, /I think, /I believe, /I guess, / I consider
我认为/我觉得/依我看/我的观点是
2. As far as I know/ I am concerned/I can see/ I can tell
据我所知/据我所见
3. Personally (speaking)　　　　　就个人而言, 我认为
4. My view is that. . . 我的观点是
5. As for me. . . 依我之见
6. From my point of view 依我之见
表达总结
1. in short/ to sum up/ all in all 总之
2. in conclusion/ in summary 总之, 最后
3. generally speaking 总的来说
4. briefly speaking 简言之
5. in a word 简言之
表达重述
1. in other words　　　　　　　换句话说
2. that is to say 也就是说
3. that means 这意味着
4. that is. . . 就是说, 换言之
5. in fact/as a matter of fact 事实上, 其实
Ⅱ. 话题情景交流
根据语境, 补全下列情景对话
1.
A: If one is rich, is he happy?
B: (1)I don’t think so. (我不这样认为) It is impossible to equate wealth and happiness.  
A: Could I understand what you said as the poorest is the happiest?
B: (2)Of course not. (当然不能) Sometimes a poor man can be extremely miserable.  
2.
A: What (3)in your opinion/do you think(你认为) can be done to stop smoking?  
B: Stop producing cigarettes.
A: But that’ll influence national economy.
B: (4)I don’t think(我想不出) there’re better ways.  
3.
A: (5)I’m quite sure(我非常肯定) that he failed the exam.  
B: How did you say this?
A: (6)As far as I can see(据我所见), he looked very disappointed when the paper was handed to him.  
B: He spent too much time playing.
4.
A: Do you like travelling?
B: Yes, (7)I do(我喜欢).  
A: Do you usually travel by bus?
B: No, by train, (8)I think(我觉得) it’s much safer than bus.  
【名著悦读·素养培优】
The Story of My Life(excerpt)

　　It is with a kind of fear that I begin to write the history of my life. I have, as it were, a superstitious hesitation in lifting the veil that clings about my childhood like a golden mist. The task of writing an autobiography is a difficult one. When I try to classify my earliest impressions, I find that fact and fancy look alike across the years that link the past with the present. The woman paints the child’s experiences in her own fantasy. A few impressions stand out vividly from the first years of my life; but “the shadows of the prison-house are on the rest. ”Besides, many of the joys and sorrows of childhood have lost their poignancy; and many incidents of vital importance in my early education have been forgotten in the excitement of great discoveries. In order, therefore, not to be tedious I shall try to present in a series of sketches only the episodes that seem to me to be the most interesting and important.
I was born on June 27, 1880, in Tuscumbia, a little town of northern Alabama.
The family on my father’s side is descended from Caspar Keller, a native of Switzerland, who settled in Maryland. One of my Swiss ancestors was the first teacher of the deaf in Zurich and wrote a book on the subject of their education—rather a singular coincidence; though it is true that there is no king who has not had a slave among his ancestors, and no slave who has not had a king among his.
My grandfather, Caspar Keller’s son, “entered” large tracts of land in Alabama and finally settled there. I have been told that once a year he went from Tuscumbia to Philadelphia on horseback to purchase supplies for the plantation, and my aunt has in her possession many of the letters to his family, which give charming and vivid accounts of these trips.
My Grandmother Keller was a daughter of one of Lafayette’s aides, Alexander Moore, and granddaughter of Alexander Spotswood, an early Colonial Governor of Virginia. She was also second cousin to Robert E. Lee.
My father, Arthur H. Keller, was a captain in the Confederate Army, and my mother, Kate Adams, was his second wife and many years younger. Her grandfather, Benjamin Adams, married Susanna E. Goodhue, and lived in Newbury, Massachusetts, for many years. Their son, Charles Adams, was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts, and moved to Helena, Arkansas. When the Civil War broke out, he fought on the side of the South and became a brigadier-general. He married Lucy Helen Everett, who belonged to the same family of Everetts as Edward Everett and Dr. Edward Everett Hale. After the war was over the family moved to Memphis, Tennessee.
I lived, up to the time of the illness that deprived me of my sight and hearing, in a tiny house consisting of a large square room and a small one, in which the servant slept. It is a custom in the South to build a small house near the homestead as an annex to be used on occasion. Such a house my father built after the Civil War, and when he married my mother they went to live in it. It was completely covered with vines, climbing roses and honeysuckles. From the garden it looked like an arbour. The little porch was hidden from view by a screen of yellow roses and Southern smilax. It was the favourite haunt of humming-birds and bees.
The Keller homestead, where the family lived, was a few steps from our little rose-bower. It was called “Ivy Green” because the house and the surrounding trees and fences were covered with beautiful English ivy. Its old-fashioned garden was the paradise of my childhood.
《我生活的故事》的作者是海伦·凯勒。本书是海伦·凯勒的自传体, 这本书记录了她心理与智力成长的精彩过程。

1. superstitious 　　adj. 迷信的
2. veil n. 掩盖
3. autobiography n. 自传体
4. vividly adv. 生动地; 逼真地
5. poignancy n. 辛酸
6. vital adj. 重要的
7. tedious adj. 冗长乏味的
8. episode n. 一段经历
9. descend vi. 下来, 下降
10. coincidence n. 巧合, 偶然
11. ancestor n. 祖先
12. plantation n. 种植园
13. possession n. 财产
14. vivid adj. 生动的; 逼真的
15. deprive vt. 剥夺; 使丧失
16. annex n. 附件
17. arbour n. 凉棚
18. paradise n. 天堂

1. (语言能力)Where was she born?
Tuscumbia.
2. (思维品质)What was the result of her illness?
She lost her sight and hearing.  
3. (思维品质)What did she think of the garden?
She had a happy childhood in the garden.  
4. (文化意识)What do you know about the Civil War?
The Civil War is the biggest civil war in America. It brought the slavery in the South of America to an end and had a great influence on the whole society of America.  
读后感悟: ___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
译文:
我生活的故事(节选)
我是怀着惴惴不安的心情书写我生活的历史的。在我整个的童年时代, 生活犹如笼罩在我身边的一团金色雾霭。冥冥之中, 我是懵懂而迟疑地揭开生活的迷茫的。每当我试图分辨孩童时期记忆的时候, 我就会发现, 往昔的时光美好而真实, 它如同一条纽带, 同此时此刻的我紧紧相连。女人们通常会以富于想象力的方式来描述自己的童年经历。虽然, 那些鲜活而生动的记忆来自我生命的最初时光, 但是, “牢房一般的阴暗将伴随着我的余生”。此外, 童年时代的欢乐和悲伤大都成为往事前尘, 它们已然失去了当时的锋芒; 在我接受早期教育过程中的那些重大事件, 已经随着更加激动人心的伟大发现而被淡忘。因此, 从这个意义上来说, 将我生活中那些至关重要的章节做一个全盘性的勾勒, 于我倒并不是一件枯燥乏味的工作。
我于1880年6月27日出生在亚拉巴马州北部的一个叫作图斯康比亚的小镇。
我父亲家的先人是来自瑞士的卡斯帕·凯勒家族, 他们最初定居在马里兰州。在我的瑞士祖先中, 有一个人曾是苏黎世聋哑学校的首位教师, 他曾写过一本有关教学生涯的书—这似乎具有某种一脉相承的偶然性; 尽管在他的祖先中没有王者, 也不曾豢养过一个奴隶, 而且, 在早期先民之中, 也没有奴隶曾隶属于一位王者。
我的祖父, 卡斯帕·凯勒家族之子, “进入”了亚拉巴马州这片广袤的土地并最终在此定居。我后来得知, 曾经有那么一年, 祖父骑马从图斯康比亚前往费城, 为的是给种植园添置一些耕作用具。在我姑妈寄来的许多家信中, 曾对祖父的这些旅行有过生动而清晰的记述。
我的祖母凯勒是一个侍从武官的女儿, 那名军官叫亚历山大·穆尔; 祖母也是亚历山大·斯鲍茨伍德的孙女, 这位斯鲍茨伍德先生曾是弗吉尼亚州最早的殖民总督。此外, 祖母也是罗伯特·E. 李将军的二表妹。
我的父亲, 亚瑟·H. 凯勒是联邦军队中的一个上尉, 而我的母亲凯特·亚当斯是他的第二个妻子, 两人年龄相差悬殊。母亲的祖父是本杰明·亚当斯, 他娶了苏姗娜·E. 古德休为妻, 他们在马萨诸塞州的纽伯里住了很多年。他们的儿子查尔斯·亚当斯就出生在马萨诸塞州的纽伯里波特, 后来他搬到了阿肯色州的海伦娜。当时正值南北战争爆发, 他代表南军参战, 后来官至准将军衔。他娶了露西·海伦·埃弗里特为妻, 露西同爱德华·埃弗里特和爱德华·埃弗里特·黑尔博士同宗同门。战争结束后, 夫妻俩搬到了田纳西州的孟菲斯。
我一直住在一个狭小的房子里面, 直到疾病令我丧失了视觉和听觉。当时的家园是由一个巨大的四方形房间和一个小房间构成的, 仆人们都睡在那个小房间里。这源自南方人的习俗, 挨着宅第建一座附属的小房子, 以备不时之需。宅第是我父亲在内战结束后建造的, 在娶了我母亲后, 他们就在此定居了。房子完全被葡萄藤、攀爬的蔷薇和金银花覆盖了, 从花园望去, 那里就像一个巨大的凉亭。而那个小门廊则被满眼的黄玫瑰和南方天冬草所遮蔽。因此这里就变成了蜂雀和蜜蜂最常出没的地方。
凯勒家的宅第距我们家的玫瑰小凉亭只有几步之遥。这里也被叫作“常春藤绿地”, 因为房子和周围的树丛及篱笆被美丽的英格兰常春藤所缠绕覆盖。这个老式的花园正是我童年时代的天堂。