高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world复习练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world复习练习题，共6页。

请同学们认真完成 [练案21]
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In the 16th century，after the arrival f Eurpeans，the __native__(本地的) peple suffered greatly.
2．There are several __specific__(特定的) prblems t be dealt with.
3．In Xi’an，althugh there is a gd public transprt __system__(系统)，the private car is still becming a ppular means f transprtatin.
4．The plan f ur cuntry is __based__(以……为基础) n a rising ecnmy.
5．The mn is a __symbl__(象征) f wealth and luck.
6．The Tang __Dynasty__(朝代) was the glden age f classical Chinese petry.
7．The __majr__(主要的) subjects in senir high schls are Chinese，English and mathematics.
8．Des the envirnment determine (决定) ne’s __character__(品质)?
9．As the busiest wman in Nrtn，she made it her duty t lk after all the ther peple’s __affairs__(事务) in that twn.
10．At first，I didn’t like him，but afterwards I came t__appreciate__(欣赏) him.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．They are als pprtunities t let her knw yur ideas f and attitudes __twards__ many things.
2．This sng __is based__(base) n an ld flk tune.
3．That srt f thing varies frm persn __t__ persn.
4．She majred __in__ histry at Stanfrd.
5．All pssible means __have been tried__(try) up t nw，but nne wrked.
6．We regard this methd __as__ highly successful.
7．I’d appreciate __it__ if yu wuld let me watch the Wrld Cup.
8．If yu have any questins，refer __t__ the guidebk.
9．This twn dates __frm__ Rman times.
10．__Despite__ his cries，n ne came t his help.
Ⅲ.选词填空
knwn fr，at the beginning，f great imprtance，ups and dwns，play a great rle in，date back，refer t，accrding t
1．What des the italicised wrds __refer t__ in the sentence?
2．China is widely __knwn fr__ its ancient civilisatin.
3．__At the beginning__，written Chinese was a picture－based language.
4．The traditinal handicraft (传统手工艺) can __date back__ thusands f years ag.
5．That writing system was __f great imprtance__.
6．China __plays a greater rle in__ glbal affairs.
7．__Accrding t__ the writer, the Chinese writing system is an imprtant part f Chinese culture.
8．Generally speaking，we will experience __ups and dwns__ befre we succeed.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Peple ften have the impressin that Chinese characters are extremely difficult t learn.In fact, if yu were t try t learn hw t write Chinese characters, yu wuld find that they are nt nearly as difficult as yu may have imagined. And they certainly qualify as frming ne f the mst attractive, beautiful, lgical (合乎逻辑的), and scientifically cnstructed (构造) writing systems in the wrld.Each strke (笔画)has its wn special significance.If yu are familiar with the rules f Chinese characters, yu will find it very easy t remember even the mst cmplicated lking character, and never miss a strke.
The earliest knwn examples f Chinese written characters in their develped frm are carved int trtise shells and x bnes. Mst f these characters are pictgraphs. Archaelgists f varius cuntries have learned that mst early writing systems went thrugh a pictgraphic stage, as did the Egyptian hierglyphics.Mst writing systems, hwever, eventually develped a phnetic(表示语音的)alphabet t represent the sunds f spken language rather than visual images bserved in the physical wrld.
One ntable feature f Chinese characters is the “radical”. “Radical” in English means “rt ”. Fr example, the characters yu “language”， shu “talk”， and lun “discuss” all share the yan radical, which means “language，” and gives the reader a clue t the meaning f the character as a whle.The characters xiu “rtten”， shan “cedar”， ta “peach” and lin “frest，” all cntain the mu “wd” r “tree” radical, indicating ne f their shared key characteristics.If yu knw the radical f a character, yu can usually get a general idea f the meaning f the character.Althugh there is a theretical ttal f almst 50,000 written Chinese characters, nly abut 5,000 f these are frequently used; and the ttal number f radicals is nly 214.S learning t read and write Chinese is nt nearly s difficult a task as it may at first seem.
文章大意：本文主要介绍了汉字书写系统以及汉字的一些特指。
1．Accrding t the authr, Chinese characters are __D__.
A．extremely difficult t learn
B．as difficult as yu may have imagined
C．difficult t remember
D．scientifically cnstructed
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句“And they certainly qualify as frming ne f the mst attractive, beautiful, lgical, and scientifically cnstructed writing systems in the wrld.”可知答案选D。
2．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage？__C__
A．All the Chinese characters are pictgraphs.
B．Sme strkes are mre imprtant than thers.
C．There are rules in frming the Chinese characters.
D．Sme writing systems eventually develped a phnetic alphabet.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“If yu are familiar with the rules f Chinese characters, yu will find it very easy t remember even the mst cmplicated lking character, and never miss a strke.”可知，学习汉字时遵循一定的规则，就很容易记住看起来很复杂的汉字，并且不会漏掉笔画。故选C。
3．Which radical d the characters chi“eat”， he “drink”， wen “kiss”， and wei “feed” cntain？__B__
A．The mu “wd” r “tree” radical.B．The ku“muth” radical.
C．The zu“ft” radical.D．The yan “language” radical.
解析：推理判断题。汉语中的吃、喝、吻和喂的偏旁都是口。所以选B。
4．The passage is mainly abut__A__.
A．the Chinese writing system
B．the strkes f the Chinese characters
C．pictgraphs
D．the radical f the Chinese characters
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了汉字书写系统。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life is filled with we lk back，we always wish that we had made better chices.Then what can we d t avid future regrets?
Make better plans.
If yu start t d smething，yu need t make a plan befre ding it.The earlier，the ’ll als knw what yu shuld d and what yu shuldn’t d.
__3.A__
Yu can g arund mre ften.Mre utdr activities can keep yu relaxed and active.Yu als need t be kind.“Thank yu” can bring a smile t smene’s face.Learn t say “srry” and dn’t be angry with thers.
Find the right friend.
A friend may make yur life and can break yur life as friends will always better yur ideas.
Never fear failure.
Everybdy fails.Even the greatest persn failed.We shuld nt fear failure，because failure is nt the end f the
Life is gd.We dn’t have t live in ur past，but we d hpe that we can plan better，live better and wrk better when we have the chance t d s.
A．Live a mre active life.
B．Almst all f us have n difficulty telling ur regrets.
C．We shuld take failure as a chance and imprve urselves.
D．We had many dreams when we were yung children.
E．S yu have t think twice when yu chse a friend.
F．Build up yur cnfidence.
G．Yu will knw what cmes first and what cmes last.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章向我们讲述了人生充满了遗憾，但可以做一些事来避免遗憾的发生。
解析：
1．根据后文“When we lk back，we always wish that we had made better chices.”可知，我们都有遗憾。所以B项(几乎我们所有人都不难说出我们的遗憾)符合语境。故选B。
2．根据后文“Yu’ll als knw what yu shuld d and what yu shuldn’t d.”可知，你也会知道什么该做，什么不该做。所以G项(你会知道什么先做，什么后做)符合语境。故选G。
3．根据后文“Yu can g arund mre ften.Mre utdr activities can keep yu relaxed and active.”可知，你可以多四处转转。更多的户外活动可以让你保持放松和积极。所以A项(要过更积极的生活)适合做本段的小标题。故选A。
4．根据前文“A friend may make yur life and can break yur life as well.”可知朋友的重要性，所以当你选择朋友时，你必须三思而后行。故选E。
5．根据前文“Everybdy fails.Even the greatest persn failed.We shuld nt fear failure，because failure is nt the end f the rad.”可知，我们不要害怕失败，每个人都会经历失败。所以C项(我们应该以失败为契机，提高自己。)符合语境。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Pllutin takes away all the beauty f the beaches f Hawaii.I hate t g t the beaches n __1.sunny__(sun) weekends and see rubbish bags __2.lying__(lie) n the sand，cigarette butts (烟头)__3.buried__(bury) in the sand，and sda cans flating in the cean.
One thing that really annys me is that I see turists wh visit Hawaii leave their rubbish n the beaches.I was always taught after drinking sda t thrw the can int the place __4.that/which__ it shuld stay at—the trash can.Anther thing that annys me is that sme peple walk right by rubbish __5.but__ pretend that it’s nt there.
The dgs r the fish are nt t blame fr it.It’s ur fault and we must blame __6.urselves__ (we)．Everyne has t d his r her part __7.t slve__(slve) this prblem.It can’t be difficult t d the jb.There are a lt f things that we can d.First f all，we can help pick __8.up__ rubbish alng the beaches.We culd als frm rganizatins that help clean up ur beaches.Mre __9.imprtantly__(imprtant)，we need t start nw befre the beaches __10.are damaged__ (damage) beynd repair.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述的是关于夏威夷海滩的污染。污染夺走了夏威夷海滩的一切美丽。每个人都必须尽自己的一份力来解决这个问题。更重要的是，在海滩被破坏到无法修复之前，我们必须现在就开始行动。
解析：
1．考查形容词。此处是形容词修饰名词。故答案为sunny。
2．考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：我讨厌在阳光明媚的周末去海滩，看到躺在沙滩上的垃圾袋，埋在沙子里的烟蒂，还有漂浮在海里的汽水罐。此处bags和lie之间是主动关系，是现在分词短语做后置定语。故答案为lying。
3．考查过去分词作后置定语。句意同上。此处cigarette butts和bury之间是被动关系，是过去分词短语作后置定语。故答案为buried。
4．考查定语从句。句意：我总是被教导喝完苏打水后要把罐子扔到它应该待的地方——垃圾桶。此处place是先行词，指物，所以填关系代词that/which，在后面的定语从句中作介词at的宾语。故答案为that/which。
5．考查并列连词。句意：另一件让我恼火的事是，有些人从垃圾旁边走过，却假装垃圾不存在。此处表示转折关系。故答案为but。
6．考查反身代词。句意：这不能怪狗或鱼。这是我们的错，我们必须责备自己。此处是反身代词作宾语。故答案为urselves。
7．考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：每个人都必须尽自己的一份力来解决这个问题。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故答案为t slve。
8．考查固定短语。句意：首先，我们可以沿着海滩帮助捡垃圾。固定短语：pick up“拾起，捡起”。故答案为up。
9．考查副词。句意同上。此处是副词修饰整个句子。故答案为imprtantly。
10．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意同上。从句的主语beaches是复数形式，和谓语动词damage之间是被动关系，所以句子用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为are damaged。