英语牛津译林版 (2019)Unit 3 Getting along with others当堂检测题

七　Unit 3　

Welcome to the unit & Reading

Ⅰ. 根据首字母提示写出单词

1. I was the first to ask him awkward questions but there’ll be harder ones to come.

2. I think you should go back to your original plan.

3. Unless you respect other people’s thoughts,  horrible misunderstanding will occur.

4. After the earthquake,  the economy is at last beginning to recover.

5. They are likely to respond positively to the President’s request for aid.

6. By hard work they made up for the loss of time.

7. I wanted to apologize for today. I think I was a little hard on you.

8. Such behaviour is common to all young people.

9. He ignored all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette.

10. The company suffered huge losses in the last financial year.

Ⅱ. 用适当的介、副词填空

1. Jim had been unemployed over five months and he was really on the rocks now.

2. I dare not let the children out of my sight in this park.

3. Before my speech,  I chatted with a woman who was very friendly.

4. James was at a loss as to what to do and felt lost.

5. He realized he was in the wrong and promised to turn over a new leaf.

6. We may miss the next bus,  but in any case we’ll be there before midday.

7. You must let go of the idea that to be single is to be unhappy and unfulfilled.

8. He apologized to the people who had been affected.

9. You can rely on him to respond to a challenge.

10. Judging from/by her last letter,  they are having a wonderful time.

Ⅲ. 完成句子

1. Wade was going to be paid a salary,  instead of by the hour,  whether he put in forty hours or not.  

韦德将领取月薪, 而不是小时工资, 无论他是否干够40个小时。

2. They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.  

这些是多么有趣的小说啊, 我想再读一次。

3. It’s the first time that the female Chinese astronaut has been sent into space.  

 这是中国女宇航员第一次被送往太空。

4. You hang around here in case he comes,  and I’ll go ahead.  

你在这附近等着以防他来, 我继续往前走。

5. It is time for us to take the responsibility of protecting the environment.  

是时候让我们承担保护环境的责任了。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

Hi Maya,

　　I can understand how upsetting it is to lose a best friend. Best friends have an emotional investment (感情投资) in the friendship. They also spend a great deal of time together,  so breakups leave a huge sadness in both friends’ lives.

You haven’t shared the details of the argument or misunderstanding you had with your friend but problems may appear unexpectedly in all relationships. Sincere apologies can often smooth things over. In fact,  they can make the relationship stronger.

Why won’t your friend forgive you?  Here are a few possibilities:

·The mistake was so serious (e. g. a poor judgment) that it was unforgivable;

·Your friend over-reacted (反应过激) for uncertain reasons (e. g. perhaps because of her past or other things going on in her life now);

·This was one of a series of mistakes or misunderstandings,  a final straw (稻草) that led your friend to say there was no way back.

You did the right thing by apologizing. Now you have to take a step back and give your friend the time she needs to cool off. You could try writing to her a note if you want to explain yourself but avoid apologizing repeatedly.

If she doesn’t respond or change her mind,  there’s not much more that you can do. It takes two persons to sustain a close friendship.  

　　Hope this helps and that you begin to heal from this loss.

Best,

Irene

【文章大意】本文为应用文。Maya写信向Irene求助, 因为她的好朋友不愿意原谅她。Irene给Maya分析了问题并给出了建议。

1. What does Irene mean in Paragraph 1 of her letter?

A. Breakups can ruin people’s lives.

B. People put lots of efforts into friendships.

C. Best friends always spend their time together.

D. The emotional investment is the most valuable.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文中的“Best friends have an emotional investment in the friendship. They also spend a great deal of time together”可知, 人们为友情投入了情感, 他们也一起花费了大量的时间。

2. What’s the possible reason why Maya’s friend doesn’t forgive her?

A. Maya often over-reacts to the mistakes.

B. Maya’s friend is worried about Maya’s past life.

C. Maya is likely to make more than one mistake.

D. Maya’s friend has nothing to do with the mistake.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文中的“This was one of a series of mistakes or misunderstandings. . . ”可知, Maya 可能犯了不止一个错误。

3. What does Irene advise Maya to do?

A. Always do the right things.

B. Avoid explaining what happened.

C. Give her friend time to calm down.

D. Write a note to apologize repeatedly.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文中的“Now you have to take a step back and give your friend the time she needs to cool off. ”可知, Irene建议Maya给朋友时间让她冷静下来。

4. What does the underlined sentence mean?

A. Maya should carry on the friendship.

B. There are two persons in the friendship.

C. Both of them want to keep the friendship.

D. Maya can give up if her friend doesn’t respond.

【解析】选D。句意理解题。根据文中的“If she doesn’t respond or change her mind,  there’s not much more that you can do. ”可知, 这句话的意思是如果Maya的朋友不愿意回应, Maya应该放弃了。

B

(2021·林芝高一检测)

One day,  a little monkey and a little fox went out to play. They saw an apple tree on the other side of the river. There were many big and red apples on it. But there was no bridge over the river. The monkey thought hard and had an idea. They pulled down a tree and put it over the river as a bridge.

The monkey said,  “My old friend,  you go there first. ” But after the fox went to the other side,  he kicked(踢) the tree into the river and ran to the apple tree. “How can I get there without the tree? ” cried the monkey. The fox laughed and said,  “You just stand there and watch me eating the apples. ” The monkey was very angry.

Suddenly it began to rain. The water level(水位) in the river rose(上涨) and the tree flew away with the water.

“You can eat all the apples. But you can’t come back, ” shouted the monkey.

The fox stopped eating and looked at the monkey sadly.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述猴子和狐狸一块出去玩, 自私的狐狸聪明反被聪明误, 害了自己的故事。通过这个寓言故事告诉人们: 要帮助别人, 不要太自私, 否则最终会害了自己。

5. The little monkey and the little fox wanted to ______on the other side of the river.  

A. build a bridge　　　　　 B. eat the apples

C. pull down a tree   D. play games

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段的There were many big and red apples. . . put it over the river as a bridge. 可知, 他们看见河对岸的苹果树上有又红又大的苹果, 想到一个主意。拉倒一棵树放在河上作桥是因为他们想吃河对岸的苹果。故选B。

6. The fox kicked the tree into the river because he wanted to ______.  

A. eat all the apples by himself

B. share the apples with the monkey

C. get the apples first

D. play a joke on the monkey

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段的The fox laughed and said, “You just stand there and watch me eating the apples. ”可知, 他把树踢进水里是因为他自己想吃掉所有的苹果。故选A。

7. The fox could not come back because ______.  

A. the monkey had taken away the tree

B. he was angry with the monkey

C. it began to rain

D. the tree had flown away

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段Suddenly it began to rain. The water level in the river rose and the tree flew away with the water. 可知, 木头被水冲走了, 他不能回来了。故选D。

Ⅱ. 阅读填句

(2021·滁州高一检测)

Growth is painful. It’s like clearing out your drawers by pulling out every little thing inside of you,  examining it,  and deciding whether to throw it out or not. It can be scary. Therefore,  if you have the following feelings,  that’s the beginning of growing.

Uncertainty

During the process of growth,  you should feel uncertain. 　1　. Let it run its course and enjoy the aimlessness as much as you can.  

Self-doubt

　2　. Everything you’ve come to know about yourself and your life is now being examined. If you’re not feeling self-doubt,  you’re not going deep enough. Keep digging. The moment that you feel self-doubt is the dark night before the dawn.  

Insecurity(不安全感)

Many people believe that insecurity is shameful. However,  it means that you are moving from one stage to the next. You are stepping into a completely unknown part of yourself. 　3　.  

Fear

Do you know why you’ve been kept away from your chances to grow? 　4　. Keep moving forward and pushing beyond it.  

Anxiety

Where there is insecurity,  fear,  and uncertainty,  there is surely anxiety. Anxiety is part of growth. You have very little control over what happens to you. However,  you can control how you react to it. You can choose to stick your head in the sand and stay the same,  or you can grow and be free. 　5　.  

A. The choice is yours

B. You don’t know where to go yet

C. Be grateful for these scary feelings

D. You’re growing into a whole new stage

E. That’s the fear that has kept you from moving on

F. Of course you will feel doubtful about what you’re doing

G. It’s only natural that you wouldn’t feel wholly sure of yourself

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是正确面对成长过程中会遇到的烦恼。

1. 【解析】选B。根据上文During the process of growth,  you should feel uncertain. 和下文 Let it run its course and enjoy the aimlessness as much as you can. 可知, 在成长过程中, 你感到犹豫、彷徨。所以不知何去何从。那就让它顺其自然。B项You don’t know where to go yet. (你还不知道去哪里。)符合语境。故选B项。

2. 【解析】选F。根据本部分小标题Self-doubt(自我怀疑)可知, 下面一整段就是对Self-doubt进行阐述。结合下文The moment that you feel self-doubt is the dark night before the dawn. 可知, 你会感到自我怀疑, 但是那并不可怕, 因为你感到自我怀疑的那一刻就是黎明前的黑夜。F项Of course you will feel doubtful about what you’re doing. (当然, 你会对自己正在做的事情感到怀疑。) 符合语境。故选F项。

3. 【解析】选G。根据上文You are stepping into a completely unknown part of yourself. 可知, 当你进入一个完全陌生的阶段时, 你会感到不安全。G项It’s only natural that you wouldn’t feel wholly sure of yourself. (你对自己没有完全的信任, 这是很自然的。)符合语境。故选G项。

4. 【解析】选E。根据上文Do you know why you’ve been kept away from your chances to grow? 可知, 后文要回答这个疑问。E项That’s the fear that has kept you from moving on. (让你止步不前的就是恐惧。)符合语境。故选E项。

5. 【解析】选A。根据前文Where there is insecurity,  fear,  and uncertainty. . . stick your head in the sand and stay the same,  or you can grow and be free. 可知, 焦虑是成长的一部分, 但是你可以有很多种选择。A项The choice is yours. (由你选择。) 符合语境。故选A项。

【阅读多维训练】
It’s like clearing out your drawers by pulling out every little thing inside of you,  examining it,  and deciding whether to throw it out or not.
句式分析: 本句是一个简单句。句中and 连接并列的三个动名词短语, clearing out your drawers by pulling out every little thing inside of you,  examining it,  and deciding whether to throw it out or not作介词like的宾语。
译文: 这就像清理你的抽屉, 把你体内的每一件小事都拉出来, 检查它, 然后决定是否扔掉它。

Ⅲ. 完形填空

　　How would you feel if moving to a new town meant 　1　 of your friends?  What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered?  This was how things worked not very long ago. Thanks to 　2　 in technology,  how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.  

Nowadays,  we can move around the world and still stay in 　3　 with the people that we want to remain friends with. Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and 　4　 friendships. All you need is a Wi-Fi connection.  

The digital age also 　5　 us to find people who share our interests,  such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. 　6　 our hobbies,  the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them,  　7　 they live on the other side of the world.  

But when you “friend” people online,  does this mean that they really are your friends?  It depends.

If people always 　8　 true personal information online,  then yes,  these friendships can be real and 　9　. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole 　10　 about a person.  

On social media sites,  people tend to post only 　11　 updates that make them appear happy and friendly. But smiling photos can 　12　 real problems. Remember the saying:  on the Internet,  nobody knows you’re a dog. A young person could be old;  a woman could be a man;  we could even be sharing our information with 　13　.  

But this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. Although technology has changed the way we 　14　 friends,  the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said,  no one would choose to live without friends,  even if he had all other 　15　.  

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着科技的进步, 人们交朋友和与朋友交流的方式发生了很大的变化, 社交媒体工具让我们看到我们的朋友在做什么, 并保持友谊。文章也说明了在网上“交朋友”时, 交到的是否是真朋友还要看情况而定。

1. A. losing track 　　  B. losing control

C. being aware     D. making use

【解析】选A。句意: 如果搬到一个新的城市意味着失去和朋友的联系, 你会有什么感觉? losing track of失去和……的联系; losing control of失去对……的控制; being aware of意识到; making use of利用。搬到一个新的城市意味着与原来的朋友失去联系, 其他选项不符合语境。

2. A. pressure    B. features

C. expectations    D. advances

【解析】选D。句意: 由于技术的进步, 我们交朋友和与他们交流的方式发生了很大的变化。pressure压力; features特征; expectations期望; advances进步, 前进。结合后文Nowadays,  we can move around the world and still stay in. . . 可知是在说明技术进步带来的交流方式的改变。

3. A. touch     B. step

C. conversation    D. harmony

【解析】选A。句意: 如今, 我们可以周游世界, 仍然与那些我们想要保持朋友关系的人保持联系。touch联系; step脚步; conversation对话; harmony和谐。根据后文the people that we want to remain friends with可知是指与那些我们想要保持朋友关系的人保持联系。短语stay in touch with“与……保持联系”。

4. A. destroy    B. reflect

C. seek     D. maintain

【解析】选D。句意: 社交媒体工具让我们看到我们的朋友在做什么, 并维持友谊。destroy破坏; reflect反映; seek寻找; maintain维持。社交媒体工具的作用是让人们看到朋友在做的事情, 以及维持友谊。其他选项不符合语境。

5. A. discourages    B. asks

C. enables     D. advises

【解析】选C。句意: 数字时代还使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人, 比如收集汽车模型或演奏一种不同寻常的乐器。discourages阻止; asks询问; enables使能够; advises建议。结合后文us to find people who share our interests表示使我们能够找到和自己有共同兴趣的人。

6. A. Whatever   B. However

C. Whenever     D. Whichever

【解析】选A。句意: 不管我们的爱好是什么, 互联网可以把我们和那些喜欢做这些事的人联系起来, 即使他们住在世界的另一端。此处为Whatever引导的让步状语从句, 表示“无论什么, 不管什么”。

7. A. as if     B. even if

C. what if     D. since

【解析】选B。句意: 不管我们的爱好是什么, 互联网可以把我们和那些喜欢做这些事的人联系起来, 即使他们住在世界的另一端。as if好像; even if即使; what if假使……将会怎么样; since既然。本句为让步状语从句, 表示“即使”应用even if。

8. A. discuss     B. explore

C. select      D. exchange

【解析】选D。句意: 如果人们总是在网上交换真实的个人信息, 那么, 是的, 这些友谊是真实而有意义的。discuss讨论; explore探索; select选择; exchange交换。结合后文true personal information online,  then yes,  these friendships can be real可知, 如果人们总是在网上交换真实的个人信息, 那么, 是的, 这些友谊是真实的。

9. A. disappointing    B. meaningful

C. challenging     D. creative

【解析】选B。句意: 如果人们总是在网上交换真实的个人信息, 那么, 是的, 这些友谊是真实而有意义的。disappointing令人失望的; meaningful有意义的; challenging有挑战的; creative有创造力的。结合上文these friendships can be real可知如果人们交换的是真实的个人信息, 那么他们的友谊是真实且有意义的。其他选项不符合语境。

10. A. truth    B. spirit

C. matter     D. appearance

【解析】选A。句意: 但我们需要记住, 我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是关于一个人的全部真相。truth真相; spirit精神; matter事件; appearance外观。结合后文论述的人们只在网上发布快乐、友好的信息可知, 社交媒体上看到的不是一个人全部的真相。

11. A. negative    B. powerful

C. different     D. positive

【解析】选D。句意: 在社交媒体网站上, 人们倾向于只发布让他们看起来快乐和友好的积极的更新。negative消极的; powerful强大的; different不同的; positive积极的。根据后文make them appear happy and friendly可知人们倾向于只发布让他们看起来快乐和友好的积极的更新。

12. A. stress     B. hide

C. escape      D. explain

【解析】选B。句意: 但是微笑的照片会掩盖真实的问题。stress强调; hide隐藏; escape逃跑; explain解释。结合后文Remember the saying:  on the Internet,  nobody knows you’re a dog. 可知那些看似微笑的照片可能会掩盖真实的问题。

13. A. experts    B. friends

C. criminals     D. volunteers

【解析】选C。句意: 年轻人可能很老; 女人可能是男人; 我们甚至可能与罪犯分享我们的信息。experts专家; friends朋友; criminals罪犯; volunteers志愿者。上文列举了一些网上常见的欺骗事实, 且从年龄到性别依次程度加深, 故本空选择“罪犯(criminals)”最能和上文形成程度上的递进关系。

14. A. improve    B. figure

C. acquire     D. remind

【解析】选C。句意: 虽然技术改变了我们获得朋友的方式, 但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望仍然是一样的。improve促进; figure计算; acquire获得; remind提醒。根据第一段中how we make friends and communicate with them可知技术改变了我们获得朋友的方式。

15. A. services    B. goods

C. effects      D. alarms

【解析】选B。services服务; goods物品, 商品; effects影响; alarms警报。结合上文no one would choose to live without friends,  even if he had all other可知此处是指没有人会选择没有朋友的生活, 即使他拥有所有其他的东西。

【补偿训练】

完形填空

It was a bright spring afternoon when Freda told me she wouldn’t need me any more. I had just finished my four-hour work 　1　up and down the stairs of her three-storey home,  cleaning the floor and washing the dishes. She was wearing jeans and a sweater,  sitting at the table I had just cleaned a pile of papers spread around her. Her husband’s 　2　was going to be reduced by thirty percent. And they were trying to live as if it had already happened. I felt sorry for her,  but I also felt a sense of 　3　.  

I had been cleaning Freda’s house for five years and had 　4　an unexpected relationship with the family. It was not just 　5　I had become an expert at scraping(刮掉) dirt stuck to their wooden floor,  　6　that I had learned exactly how to place toys on the girls’ beds. It was 　7　than that,  for I felt I had become a part of their 　8　.  

Freda stayed at home with the kids, so I would often see her in the morning 　9　them to school. And I’d be there when they returned home at lunch for sandwiches and piano practice. I had 　10　 them grow up. Now I was fired,  but the 　11　thing was that I still wanted to keep scraping away the dirt and dust for the family.  

I left Freda’s house that day,  wondering about the 　12　 of my relationship with my clients(主顾). Who am I 　13　them?  As a matter of fact,  I’m 　14　an employee—the lowest kind of employee. But I’m also a trusted 　15　of the family. I can’t help worrying about what happens around me.  

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个和雇主建立了深厚感情的保洁员, 当要离开雇主家时, 她有很多不舍和感慨。

1. A. stepping　 B. coming　C. jumping　 D. moving

【解析】选D。句意: 我刚刚结束了在她家三层楼的楼梯上爬上爬下四个小时的工作, 擦地板、洗碗。stepping迈步;  coming 来临; jumping跳跃;  moving移动。根据up and down the stairs of her three-storey home,  cleaning the floor and washing the dishes可知, 作者在三层楼的楼梯上爬上爬下。

2. A. duty  B. money   C. work  D. pay

【解析】选D。句意: 她丈夫的工资将减少百分之三十。duty 值班; money金钱;  work 工作; pay工资。根据空后was going to be reduced by thirty percent可知, 女主人的丈夫的工资将被减少百分之三十。

3. A. regret  B. surprise  C. fear  D. loss

【解析】选D。句意: 我为她感到难过, 但也有一种失落感。 regret 遗憾;  surprise 惊讶; fear 恐惧; loss损失。根据上文Freda told me she wouldn’t need me any more女主人告诉作者说不再需要保洁员, 即作者要离开女主人家, 所以感觉失落。

4. A. started    B. developed

C. improved    D. broken

【解析】选B。started 开始; developed 培养;  improved 提高; broken打破。根据an unexpected relationship with the family可知, 作者已经在弗雷达的家工作了五年, 和这家人发展了一种意想不到的关系。

5. A. why   B. what  C. that  D. which

【解析】选C。句意: 不仅仅是我已成为刮掉粘在他们木地板上脏东西的专家, 而且我已经学会了怎样在女孩们的床上摆好玩具。分析句子可知, 本句为表语从句, 句子和句意结构完整, 所以连接词为that。

6. A. but   B. and  C. or   D. for

【解析】选A。句意: 不仅仅是我已成为刮掉粘在他们木地板上脏东西的专家, 而且我已经学会怎样在女孩的床上摆好玩具。根据前面not just 确定, 本句为固定短语not only/just. . . but (also). . . 。

7. A. less   B. least  C. more  D. most

【解析】选C。句意: 这超出了那样(保洁员和雇主之间的关系), 因为我感到我已经成了他们生活中的一部分。less 更少的;  least最少的;  more 更多的;  most最多的。根据后句for I felt I had become a part of their ______可知, 他们之间的关系超出了保洁员和雇主之间的关系。 

8. A. life     B. story

C. activity    D. experience

【解析】选A。句意: 这超出了那样(保洁员和雇主之间的关系), 因为我感到我已经成了他们生活中的一部分。life 生活; story故事;  activity活动;  experience经历。作者感到自己已经成了他们生活中的一部分。因为作者已经在弗雷达的家做保洁员五年了。

9. A. taking    B. bringing

C. meeting    D. calling

【解析】选A。句意: 弗雷达待在家里和孩子们在一起, 所以我经常看到她早上带他们去上学。taking 带走; bringing带来;  meeting见面;  calling打电话。take sb. to + 地点名词, 带某人去某地。

10. A. found    B. noticed

C. watched    D. realized

【解析】选C。句意: 我看着他们长大。 found 发现;  noticed注意到;  watched观看; realized意识到。根据前文I had been cleaning Freda’s house for five years可知, 作者看着他们长大。

11. A. possible  B. great  C. proper   D. strange

【解析】选D。句意: 现在我被解雇了, 但奇怪的是我仍然想为这个家清除脏东西和灰尘。possible 可能的; great 伟大的;  proper 合适的; strange奇怪的。根据空前空后之间的关系可知, 但奇怪的是作者仍然不想离开弗雷达的家。

12. A. meaning    B. nature

C. result      D. importance

【解析】选B。句意: 那天我离开了弗雷达的家, 我想知道我和雇主关系的性质。meaning意思;  nature性质;  result结果;  importance重要。根据Who am I ______them? 可知, 作者想知道自己与雇主关系的性质。  

13. A. for   B. to   C. with  D. at

【解析】选B。句意: 对他们来说, 我是谁呢? for为了; to 对于; with 和;  at在。作者想知道对他们来说, 作者是谁呢?

14. A. hardly    B. certainly

C. probably    D. merely

【解析】选D。句意: 事实上, 我只是一个雇员——最低级的雇员。hardly几乎不;  certainly当然; probably 也许; merely仅仅。根据the lowest kind of employee可知, 作者仅仅是一个雇员。

15. A. member    B. person

C. relative     D. companion

【解析】选A。句意: 但我也是一个值得信任的家庭成员。member 成员;  person人;  relative亲戚;  companion伙伴。根据前文for I felt I had become a part of their ______可知作者是他们全家值得信任的一员。