高中英语牛津译林版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good随堂练习题

十一　Unit 4　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills

【基础全面练】

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. The reason why he is late is that there was a breakdown on the railway.

2. It’s on the festival occasions when the family get together that he misses his late father.

3. He has reached the point where he can solve almost every software problem.

4. The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that far-away village.

5. Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.

6. He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so excited.

7. We visited the car factory where my uncle once worked three years ago.

8. Maria has written two novels,  both of which have been made into television series.

9. Do you still remember the day when we met on the train for the first time?

10. The Second World War during which millions of people were killed ended in 1945.

Ⅱ. 完成句子

1. We are living in an age when many things are done on the computer.  

我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑上做的时代。

2. After graduation he returned to the small town where/in which he grew up.  

毕业以后, 他回到那个他长大的小镇上。

3. This is the house where they lived a week ago.  

这是一个星期前他们住过的房子。

4. The reason why I don’t trust him is that he often tells lies.  

我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。

5. Physical and mental health contribute to longevity.  

身心健康有助于长寿。

6. The Dragon Boat Festival is in memory of a Chinese poet.  

端午节是为了纪念中国的一位诗人。

7. Thanks to your help,  we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.  

多亏了你们的帮忙, 我们才提前完成了任务。

8. The agreement should have very positive results in the long term.  

从长远来看, 这个协议将会产生非常积极的影响。

9. The reason why he could not go there was that he was ill in bed.  

他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。

10. I’ll never forget the days when I worked together with you.  

我永远也不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。

【综合应用练】

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

(2021·黄山高一检测)

Who is your role model?  Normally the answer to this question would be anyone around you who you find truly inspiring. It could also be someone like J. K. Rowling or Martin Luther King. Jr. ,  who have proven to be strong and intelligent people.

However,  in today’s world,  stars are regarded as role models along with the heroes listed above,  despite their intentions or actions. Teens attempt to imitate their actions for two major reasons. Firstly,  to be fashionable and accepted by popular culture,  and secondly because stars’ actions are so well documented by the media that it seems to grab our attention and turns it to following stars’ lives. Much of the reports about stars is shocking and exhibits bad morals or lifestyles that aren’t right for teenagers. In addition,  almost everything stars do is described beyond truth to make a shocking story by taking it to the next level.

However,  teens must take responsibility for their actions. We can’t always blame stars for influencing us. Only you have control over yourself and only you choose to do something. Our bodies and actions are in the hands of no one else.

Now,  who ever said stars are role models?  Whether they choose to be or not,  stars set examples as soon as they step into the spotlight. With reporters following and recording every move they make,  it is impossible not to be watched and then be imitated. These people influence teens whether or not they want to. Why should someone who doesn’t want to be setting an example set one?  So, should we look up to them or to people who are true and good role models?  It’s our responsibility as teens to know right from wrong,  and it’s time for us to take responsibility for our actions. In doing so, we will lean toward those inspiring people that want to be setting an example,  and follow in their steps to be like them.

【文章大意】文章属于夹叙夹议文, 现在很多青少年容易受到明星的影响而追求时尚, 同时作者呼吁青少年要对自己的行为负责。

1. According to the first paragraph, ______ can usually be role models.  

A. political leaders

B. wealthy writers

C. people inspiring others

D. people with great intelligence

【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Normally the answer to this question would be anyone around you who you find truly inspiring. 可知能够激励别人的人通常可以成为别人的榜样。故C项正确。

2. What are the major reasons for the teens to imitate stars?

A. Interest in stars’ life and expectation of getting rich.

B. Motivation for being fashionable and inspiration from popular examples.

C. Intentions to gain acceptance and encouragement from stars’ lifestyle.

D. Desires to be stylish and great influence from the mass media.

【解析】选D。 推理判断题。根据第二段二、三句可知, 青少年模仿明星有两个原因, 一是希望变得时尚; 二是受到了大众媒体的影响。故D项正确。

3. The author writes the passage mainly to advise the teenagers to ______.  

A. have a control over their own bodies and actions

B. be responsible for their own choices and behaviors

C. follow fashionable stars’ steps to be more popular

D. choose right role models according to different reports

【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据第三段前三句However,  teens must. . . do something. 和文章最后两句It’s our responsibility. . . to be like them. 可知, 作者想让青少年对自己的言行负责。因为控制我们的是我们自己, 不是别人。故B项正确。

4. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.  

A. stars have the responsibility for teenagers’ actions

B. not all famous stars choose to influence teenagers

C. teenagers choose those inspiring people as their role models

D. stars set examples immediately they stepped into the spotlight

【解析】选B。 推理判断题。根据最后一段Whether they choose to be or not,  stars set examples as soon as they step into the spotlight可知, 有的明星选择做榜样, 而有的没有。再根据最后一段第四句These people influence teens whether or not they want to. 可知的确不是明星自己选择做别人的榜样的。故B项说法正确。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　My son Joey was born with disability. The doctors　1　 us that with treatment he would be able to walk normally— but would never run very well. The first three years of his life were spent in 　2　 with the help of casts (石膏)and braces (支架). By the time he was eight,  you wouldn’t know he had a problem when you saw him walk.  

The children in our 　3　 ran around as most children do during game play,  and Joey would 　4　 and run and play,  too. We never told him the 　5　 that he probably wouldn’t be able to run as well as other children.  

In seventh grade he 　6　 his mind to go out for the cross-country team. Every day he trained with the team. He made great efforts and ran more than any of the others — perhaps he 　7　that the abilities that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him. The entire team ran. 　8　,  only the top seven runners had the chance to score points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make it.  

He　9　running four to five miles every day — even the day he had a high fever. After school,  I found him 　10　 by himself. I asked him how he felt. “Okay, ” he said. The sweat 　11　 down his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept running. We never told him he couldn’t run four miles with a high fever,  either.  

Two weeks later,  the names of the team runners were　12　.  Joey was number six on the list. Joey had 　13　. He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he shouldn’t 　14　 to make it. We never told him he couldn’t do it. With the strong 　15　 , you can achieve your dream.  

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者的儿子天生残疾, 经过手术后能正常行走但不能像其他孩子那样跑, 但作者并没有把这一点告诉儿子, 后来儿子决定参加学校越野长跑队, 凭着顽强的毅力和刻苦的训练, 他终于脱颖而出被校队选中。

1. A. suggested　　　  B. insisted

C. informed     D. expressed

【解析】选C。 医生告诉我们, 孩子经过治疗可以正常走路但不能正常跑。that从句的内容是医生“告诉”作者家人的话。

2. A. curses    B. operations

C. chats     D. diets

【解析】选B。他生命的前三年里一直在做手术。根据“石膏”和“支架”可以判断, 这是“手术”所需要的。

3. A. community   B. society

C. organization   D. nation

【解析】选A。我们社区中的孩子们像大多数孩子一样在游戏中跑来跑去。“社会”和 “国家”不合乎语境, 没有提到什么“组织”, 此处指的是生活在一个“社区”的孩子们。

4. A. pass   B. wander

C. enter   D. join

【解析】选D。乔伊也将加入和他们一起跑步、玩耍。根据前文大多数孩子在游戏中跑来跑去可知, 儿子也“加入”了他们的行列。

5. A. plan　　　B. truth　 　C. trick　 　D. story

【解析】选B。我们从来没有告诉过他这个事实: 他可能不会像其他正常孩子一样跑。根据第一段but would never run very well可知, 医生说他不会像其他正常孩子一样跑是个“事实”。

6. A. put up  B. cleaned up

C. made up  D. took up

【解析】选C。在七年级时, 他决定去参加越野队。make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事, 符合语境。

7. A. reviewed   B. realized

C. reformed   D. refreshed

【解析】选B。也许他意识到, 其他人似乎自然具备的能力对他而言并不是自然具备的。儿子训练刻苦是因为自己已经隐隐约约地“意识到”了自己的残疾, 即缺乏与生俱来的跑步的能力。

8. A. However   B. Therefore

C. Besides    D. Moreover

【解析】选A。 然而, 整个队伍只有七个人能有机会为学校得分。空格前后的两个句子是转折关系。

9. A. gave up   B. insisted on

C. set up    D. broke down

【解析】选B。他坚持每天跑四到五英里。根据后面even the day he had a high fever可知, 在高烧时他仍“坚持”跑。

10. A. jumping  B. writing

C. running    D. walking

【解析】选C。放学后我发现他独自一个人在跑。find sb.  doing 发现某人正在做某事。

11. A. wiped  B. broke  C. rolled  D. settled

【解析】选C。汗水在他的脸上滚落下来。儿子一直坚持跑步, 汗水滚落下来。

12. A. discussed  B. collected

C. published   D. announced

【解析】选D。两周之后, 名单公布。根据下文提到Joey was number six on the list. 可知, 名单公布了乔伊排第六名。

13. A. appeared   B. started

C. succeeded    D. failed

【解析】选C。乔伊成功入选了。根据前文Joey was number six on the list. 可知, 乔伊成功入选了。

14. A. challenge   B. expect

C. deserve     D. rest

【解析】选B。我们从未告诉过他他不应该期望做到这一点。根据前文我们没有告诉过儿子他不能像其他正常孩子一样跑, 也没有告诉过他高烧时不能跑四英里, 可知我们在默默地为儿子加油, 因此我们不能说出这样的话: 他不应该“期望”做到这一点。

15. A. happiness   B. fortune

C. determination   D. friendship

【解析】选C。 具有坚强的决心, 你可以实现自己的梦想。通过乔伊, 说明了人要有“决心”并不断地努力才能取得成功。

Ⅲ. 应用文写作

　　最近你班同学就使用微信朋友圈(WeChat Moments)的利弊展开讨论。请你用英语写一篇短文, 介绍此次讨论情况, 并谈谈你的看法, 然后发表在你校的英语论坛上。

注意:  1. 词数80左右;

    2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

　　Recently our class had a discussion about the advantages and the disadvantages of the use of WeChat Moments.

　　We all think that WeChat Moments is a place where we can upload pictures,  share videos and articles and so on. This helps expand our horizons and makes us keep track of each other. However,  there are some disadvantages to WeChat Moments. For example,  it may put us at risk of giving away our personal information. Also,  some people spend too much time looking through their WeChat Moments and as a result they spend less and less time with their family.

　　In my opinion,  WeChat Moments really plays an important role in our communication. But we should use it wisely.

Ⅰ. 阅读填句

(2021•长春高一检测)

Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you gain or lose weight. 1. __________ Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.  

2. __________ Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating,  for when people are in poorly-lit places,  they are more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light,  get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.  

3. __________ Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study,  people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. 4. __________ However,  cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint,  go blue.  

5. __________ People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time,  and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes,  and while you’re at it,  actually sit down to eat.  

A. Don’t forget the clock.

B. Listen to some light music.

C. Mind the colors of your room.

D. You will enjoy your home environment.

E. You can make your environment work for you.

F. Open the curtains and turn up the lights.

G. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more delicious.

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。你家的房子对你的身材很有影响, 长胖还是变瘦关键看你如何设计自己的家。这里有几条好的建议。

1. 【解析】选E。根据前句Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you gain or lose weight. 可知, 专家说房子的设计对你的胖瘦有很大关系, 所以你可以让你房子的环境对你产生作用, 故选E。

2. 【解析】选F。根据Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating黑色的环境有可能鼓励你吃得更多, 所以该段主题句为Open the curtains and turn up the lights, 打开窗帘或开灯, 故选F。

3. 【解析】选C。根据Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites可知, 研究表明暖色会影响我们的食欲, 故Mind the colors of your room. 要注意你房间的颜色, 故选C。

4. 【解析】选G。根据后文However, cold colors make us feel less hungry冷色让我们感到不太饿, 对应前句该为暖色, 即Warm colors like yellow make food appear more delicious. 暖色像黄色使食物更可口, 故选G。

5. 【解析】选A。根据下文Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes可知, 主要讲吃饭时需要按照时间, 所以主旨句为Don’t forget the clock, 故选A。

Ⅱ. 语法填空

(2021•烟台高一检测)

Clowns (小丑)are almost everywhere in popular culture. But what they represent 1. __________(change) a lot over the past 400 years.  

Clowns began appearing in 2. ________ form we recognize today in European theaters in the 17th century. With brightly colored clothes,  big red noses and colorful faces,  clowns tried every means to act foolish or play tricks 3. __________(make) the audience laugh.  

Clowns became popular in the US in the 1960s. A happy clown 4. __________ (choose) by McDonald’s to appear in its advertisements. Today,  as we know,  that company mascot (吉祥物),  Ronald McDonald,  is world famous.  

However,  the image of a happy clown is largely an American creation. In other cultures,  the clown character is not 5. __________(necessary) good. One example is “Mr Punch”,  who was popular in British and French theaters during the 1700s. While Mr Punch was funny,  he was also violent,  often 6. ________ (hit) his wife during the show, 7. ________ gave rise to the name of “bad clowns”. Even today,  in the eyes of some people,  clowns are evil (邪恶的)and 8. __________(frighten).  

Of course,  there are different voices. Some people think clowns are positive,  creative and imaginative. They bring people 9. __________(please) and laughter. That’s 10. __________ attracts people,  especially children,  to clowns. They believe that as long as there are children in the world,  there will be a future for clowns.  

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在过去的400年里, 小丑所代表的东西发生了很大的变化。不同文化团体对小丑的看法不一。但不管如何, 孩子们还是很喜欢小丑的。

1. 【解析】has changed。考查时态。简单句除了change外无其他动词, 故该空需填谓语动词。句中有时间状语“over the past+一段时间”, 是现在完成时的标志。又因为change和逻辑主语之间是主动关系。且动词的主语是从句。根据“主谓一致”原则, 从句作主语, 动词用单数。故现在完成时的助动词用has。故填has changed。

2. 【解析】the。考查冠词。form(形式)为名词, 后被定语从句修饰, 故要表示特指。故填the。

3. 【解析】to make。考查非谓语动词。make所处的并列句已经有动词play, 故此处需填非谓语动词。根据句意, 此处应填to do 表示目的。故填to make。

4. 【解析】was chosen。考查时态和语态。choose所处的简单句无其他动词, 故该空作谓语。又因为choose和主语之间是被动关系, 且时间发生于1960s, 表示发生在过去的事情。故需要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was chosen。

5. 【解析】necessarily。考查副词。necessary 是形容词, 不能修饰后面的good(adj. )。用副词修饰形容词。故填necessarily。

6. 【解析】hitting。考查非谓语动词。hit所处的分句无主语, 故此处要填非谓语。hit和逻辑主语之间是主动关系。故填hitting。

7. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。该空充当了主语, 故要填关系词。又因为该空前面有逗号, 后面是非限制性定语从句。“非限”部分缺主语, 故需填“关系代词”。关系代词指代前面“打老婆”这件事。that不能引导非限制性定语从句, 故填which。

8. 【解析】frightening。考查形容词。be动词后需填形容词作表语。故将frighten变为形容词。frighten的形容词有两个: frightened(感到害怕的)和frightening(令人害怕的), 根据句意可知填frightening。

9. 【解析】pleasure。考查名词。and后面的laughter是名词。根据and前后词性一致原则, 该处也需填名词。故填pleasure。

10. 【解析】what。考查名词性从句。该空充当主语, 故需填引导词。从句放在be动词后为表语从句。表语从句部分缺主语, 表示“吸引孩子们的地方”, 需填连接代词。故填what。