2022版高考英语（译林版）一轮复习学案： 必修5 课时提能练27-28 Word版含答案

这是一份2022版高考英语（译林版）一轮复习学案： 必修5 课时提能练27-28 Word版含答案，共21页。学案主要包含了语篇解读等内容，欢迎下载使用。
课时作业A：基础层面
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Traffic is bad，particularly (particular) in the city centre.
2．Yu'd better g hme befre yur mney runs ut.
3．I'd appreciate it if yu culd tell me mre abut the activity.
4．The little by impressed me with his big，bright eyes the first time I saw him.
5．Because she is under age，her parents still take the respnsibility(respnsible) fr her.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．When I came in，I saw my sn sitting under the tree，absrbing in his vide games.absrbing→absrbed
2．It is s wet there that the trees are extremely tall，sme measured ver 90 meters.measured→measuring
3．Many teachers hld a belief which extended studying time desn't necessarily imprve their students' grades.which→that
4．The dctrs decided t perate the patient fr his lung cancer.
perate后加n
5．Our fd has been run ut，s we must g t the market befre ur guests arrive.去掉been
Ⅲ.语境语法填空
Peple are having a debate abut whether 1.t_develp (develp) the ecnmy r prtect the Lin Shuiqing's pinin，3.it is ur duty t cut back n 4.prductin (prduce) and reduce the quantities f things we make and buy. 5.While Qian Liwei thinks that businessmen are nt greedy and they dn't hide their 6.respnsibilities(respnsibility)，either.As far as he is cncerned，the peple 7.perating (perate) these factries are 8.deeply(deep) cncerned abut the envirnment，and 9.shuld_be_given(give) mre credit.In fact，many peple are willing t pay a little 10.higher(high) price fr things that are friendly t the envirnment.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．她专心忙家务，所以没有注意到儿子离开房间。
She was_s_absrbed_in_her_husewrk that she didn't ntice her sn leave the rm.
2．当天气变得太热时，我就不喜欢了。
I dn't like_it_when the weather gets t ht.
3．教室的前面是一个操场，我们每天早上在那里做早操。
In_frnt_f_the_classrm_is a playgrund where we d mrning exercises every mrning.
4．这家汽车厂现在的产量是五年前的三倍。
The car factry can prduce three_times_what_it_did five years ag.
5．你吃得越多，就会越胖。
The__mre yu eat，the fatter yu will be.
课时作业B：能力层面
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·福建三校第一学期联考)I arrived at this beautiful Spanish island at the start f September，full f enthusiasm and eager t start wrking as an English teacher.I srted all the necessary paperwrk ut and mved int a flat f my wn within the first cuple f days.Great，r s I thught.At 4 am and at several intervals after that，I was rudely awken by the cck that lives ppsite me.Fantastic! I nw have 5 extra alarms every mrning.
In the fllwing weeks，I als started t ntice a trend.Things in my flat started t break at the rate f ne bject per day，like the ht water line，bwls，cups，the shwer，drs r glass shelves.Yes，I am clumsy but things just fell apart.If it wasn't brken，it wuld either be dirty r missing.Using my washing basket fr the first time was pretty disgusting.When I tk ut my clthes，they were swiftly fllwed by a hundred r s bugs that were living in the bttm.
As fr the general lack f equipment in the huse，there was n ven，tin pener，sharp knives r ptat peeler.It turned ut making a burger frm scratch wasn't the best idea.I had a small micrwave and a grill.I thught the general understanding was never t put metal in a micrwave but I went n.Smke sn started t appear.I was nt quite sure if it was the burger r the grill but as sn as I pened the dr，the electricity cut ut.I spent the fllwing 10 minutes in a dark，smky rm hunting fr the pwer switch using the light frm my mbile phne，which brke the week after and left me withut a cnnectin t the uter wrld.
Luckily，I'm nw brrwing a phne and my luck has returned.N mre things have brken (prbably because there is nthing left t break)．I've als realized that even if a flat lks pretty，it desn't mean its cntents wrk.I am als learning hw t adapt t life with limited，brken utensils(用具)．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”去西班牙的一个漂亮的小岛上做英语老师。虽然所住的公寓里面的生活用具很老旧，“我”还是学会了如何利用有限的生活用品生活。
1．What prblem did the authr have in the mrning?
A．She ften slept late.
B．Her alarm failed t wrk.
C．She gt sme nisy neighbrs.
D．Her sleep was disturbed by a rster.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At 4 am and at several intervals after that，I was rudely awken by the cck that lives ppsite me”可知，凌晨四点开始，每隔一会儿，作者就被对面公鸡的打鸣声吵醒。据此可知，作者的睡眠被公鸡打鸣声打扰了，故D项正确。]
2．What can we knw abut the authr frm Paragraph 2?
A．She was a very careful wman.
B．She was quite satisfied with her flat.
C．Her flat was pretty ld but cmfrtable.
D．Her husehld articles were in pr cnditin.
D [推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Things in my flat started t break at the rate f ne bject per day，like the ht water line，bwls，cups，the shwer，drs r glass shelves”可知，作者所住的房子的东西每天损坏一件。据此可推知，作者所使用的日常用品很破旧，故D项正确。]
3．What happened when the authr was making a burger?
A．She was seriusly injured.
B．She made a terrible mistake.
C．She brke her phne accidentally.
D．She suffered a sudden pwer failure.
B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I had a small micrwave and a grill.I thught the general understanding was never t put metal in a micrwave but I went n.Smke sn started t appear”，并结合该段其他内容可知，作者将金属烤架放进微波炉里，启动后发生了故障，电源被切断。据此可推知，作者在制作汉堡时犯了个错误，故B项正确。]
4．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Remaining ptimistic.
B．Hw t chse a nice flat.
C．Learning t live in a new flat.
D．Why living abrad is nt easy.
C [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章尾段尾句“I am als learning hw t adapt t life with limited，brken utensils(用具)”是全文的主题句。结合全文内容可知，文章通过讲述作者在西班牙的一个小岛上做英语老师时如何使用住房内的破旧日常用品生活的故事，说明了应当学会适应生活的道理，故C项正确。]
B
(2019·长沙市统一模拟)Tw deer jumped ut in frnt f 16­year­ld Amanda Flyd's car.She put n the brake，stpping the car just in time.But later，she started texting.Distracted，Amanda turned left and right，then crashed int anther car.Luckily，she wasn't in a real car—she was in a driving simulatr(模拟器) at Rsevelt High Schl，Ohi，US.“I never really realized that cars make a turn that much，” Amanda，a junir，said.She added that she wuldn't text while driving anymre.
The Ohi Department f Transprtatin(ODOT) and Ohi State Highway Patrl brught the simulatr t the schl.They said they wanted t help students learn abut the danger f driving while drunk，texting，r talking n the phne.
Accrding t the Natinal Highway Traffic Safety Administratin，distracted driving claimed 3,450 lives in 2016 alne.Experts believe the actual figure is prbably higher.
The simulatr is basically a cmputer prgram.Like many cmputer games，it was a hit with the students.They lined up and crwded arund t watch each ther take turns.The simulatr has a steering wheel(方向盘)，brake and gas pedal(油门)．It is made up f three large cmputer screens n a table.
Students chse a distractin，such as driving while drunk r texting.They always crash，f curse.Then，they are pulled ver by the plice t be taught the bad results f their driving：hw much damage they've caused，what their fine is，if anyne died in the accident，and if they're ging t g t prisn.
“It teaches hw t drive withut being n the rad，” said Shante Thmpsn,16. She had just crashed int a deer.
ODOT spkesman Justin Chesnic said hundreds f kids have gne behind the wheel s far.He said even mre have benefited frm watching their classmates.
“Driving is such a majr respnsibility，s take it seriusly，” he said.“Put away yur cellphne.A lt f the accidents ut there are because f distracted driving.It can nt nly change yur life，but change smene else's life frever.The results are serius.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个驾驶模拟器。学生通过操作这个驾驶模拟器可以增强交通安全意识。
5．What des the authr intend t d in Paragraph 1?
A．Intrduce the tpic f the text.
B．Illustrate the authr's pint f view.
C．Prvide sme advice fr the readers.
D．Offer sme backgrund infrmatin.
A [推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段讲述了一个事例，然后通过这个事例引出了本文的话题，即driving simulatr。由此可推知，作者写第一段的目的是引出文章的主题。]
6．Why is the driving simulatr prject intrduced t Rsevelt High Schl?
A．It tests the students' ability t stay fcused.
B．It gets students t have fun between classes.
C．It teaches students hw t deal with traffic accidents.
D．It makes students aware f the dangers f distracted driving.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They said they wanted t help students learn abut the danger f driving while drunk，texting，r talking n the phne”可知，他们想要帮助学生了解驾车时醉酒、发短信或者打电话的危害，故选D。]
7．What can we knw abut the driving simulatr?
A．It is cnnected t the lcal plice statin.
B．It is a real car but has large cmputer screens.
C．It attracts the students' interest as a cmputer prgram.
D．It benefits the students wh use it mre than thse wh nly watch.
C [细节理解题。根据第四段的描述，尤其是“The simulatr is basically a cmputer prgram.Like many cmputer games，it was a hit with the students”可知，这个驾驶模拟器实质上是一个电脑程序，和许多电脑游戏一样，它很受学生们的欢迎，引起了学生们的兴趣，故选C。]
8．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Traffic rules in Ohi，US.
B．Dangers f distracted driving.
C．Simulated driving fr students.
D．Advantages f cmputer games.
C [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个驾驶模拟器，学生通过操作它可以增强交通安全意识，故选C。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·沈阳市教学质量监测一)Jayce began nticing when he was in kindergarten that he lked different frm his classmates.They had tw arms.He had ne.
It started when ne by __1__him，said his mther，Lewis.He'd return t his hme with questins：“Why am I __2__ ? Why me？” His mther recalled he was actually sad and that it was a heavy __3__ t his heart.
Lewis __4__ she didn't knw what t d at that pint.A few weeks later，Lewis turned n the TV and saw a news stry abut an eighth grader，Trashaun，becming an Internet hit after __5__ vides f his slam dunks(灌篮)，and，like Jayce，he __6__ mst f his left arm.Lewis called Jayce in.T her surprise，Jayce was immediately __7__.At the time，it seemed that watching Trashaun was __8__ an inspiring mment fr Jayce—he saw a rle mdel with a similar __9__.If it had stayed just that，Lewis wuld have been happy enugh.But little did she knw that a family friend had already __10__ t the newspaper t help set up a __11__ with Trashaun t build Jayce's cnfidence.
The bys met and instantly __12__ with each ther as bth f them were in the same cnditin.They rde bikes，tk phts，and played basketball n the curt.Instead f spending the whle day feeling __13__ fr themselves，they had a lt f fun.Hwever，Trashaun did get __14__ with Jayce smetimes.They talked abut his left arm.He tld Jayce he was perfect the way he was made.He als tld him nt t let anyne __15__ him and nt t let thse wrds shake his __16__.
Since that meeting，Lewis has seen a nticeable __17__ in her sn.As fr Trashaun，his relatinship with Jayce made him __18__ t help mre kids.“Hnestly，it __19__ a lt t knw that I changed Jayce's life，” Trashaun says. Still，he never dreamed that his __20__ wuld have such an impact.“I just thught my friends wuld see them，and be like，‘Oh，he dunked it！’”
He certainly did.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Trashaun帮助Jayce重拾信心的故事。
1．A.supprtedB．teased
C．cheatedD．pleased
B [根据第一段可知，Jayce在幼儿园时注意到自己和同班同学不一样，因为他只有一只胳膊，结合下文中的“he was actually sad and that it was a heavy ________ t his heart”可推知，此处是说Jayce因为缺少一只胳膊而被一个男孩嘲笑(teased)，故选B。]
2．A.lnelyB．silly
C．differentD．rdinary
C [根据语境可知，Jayce不明白自己为什么与别人不同(different)，故选C。]
3．A.dutyB．breath
C．debtD．blw
D [根据上文Jayce被嘲笑并结合语境可推知，缺少一只胳膊不仅让Jayce很难过，而且这对其心灵是一个沉重的打击(blw)，故选D。]
4．A.arguedB．prmised
C．suspectedD．admitted
D [根据语境可推知，当时Lewis承认(admitted)她并不知道应该做些什么(来帮助她的儿子)，故选D。]
5．A.dwnladingB．psting
C．buyingD．watching
B [根据语境可知，Trashaun把自己的灌篮视频发布(psting)到网上后走红，故选B。]
6．A.lstB．hurt
C．usedD．recvered
A [根据该句中的“like Jayce”和“mst f his left arm”，并结合上文Jayce少了一只胳膊可知，Trashaun的境况和Jayce一样，他失去(lst)了大部分左胳膊，故选A。]
7．A.satisfiedB．cnfused
C．bredD．attracted
D [根据下文中的“At the time，it seemed that watching Trashaun was ________ an inspiring mment fr Jayce”可推知，Jayce立刻被Trashaun的故事吸引(attracted)了，故选D。]
8．A.hardlyB．simply
C．stillD．never
B [根据下文中的“If it had stayed just that，Lewis wuld have been happy enugh”可推知，当时看Trashaun(的视频)对Jayce来说只(simply)是一个鼓舞人心的时刻，故选B。]
9．A.respnseB．family
C．prblemD．educatin
C [根据语境可推知，Jayce缺少一只胳膊，Trashaun失去了大部分左胳膊，故此处指他们两个有类似的问题，故选C。]
10．A.reached utB．lked ut
C．gt utD．turned ut
A [根据语境可知，Lewis的一位朋友已经联系了报社来帮助安排Jayce和Trashaun的会面(meeting)，从而增强Jayce的自信心，故选A。]
11．A.gameB．fighting
C．trapD．meeting
D [参见上题解析。]
12．A.bndedB．cmpeted
C．partedD．raced
A [根据下文中的“They rde bikes，tk phts，and played basketball n the curt”可推知，两个男孩拥有相同的境况，很快建立了互信关系。bnd with sb.“建立(与某人的)互信关系”，为固定搭配，故选A。]
13．A.happyB．grateful
C．srryD．fearful
C [根据语境“Instead f”可推知，此处与下文的“fun”形成对比，故选C。]
14．A.angryB．serius
C．tughD．familiar
B [根据空前的“Hwever”与下文中的“They talked abut his left arm”可推知，Trashaun有时也会和Jayce有严肃的时刻，他们会谈论他的左胳膊，故选B。]
15．A.apprachB．cmfrt
C．discurageD．leave
C [根据语境可推知，此处是Trashaun在鼓励Jayce，告诉他不要让任何人使自己气馁(discurage)，也不要让其他人的话动摇自己的信心(cnfidence)，故选C。]
16．A.cnfidenceB．patience
C．sadnessD．hnesty
A [参见上题解析。]
17．A.advantageB．scar
C．drawbackD．change
D [根据下文“‘Hnestly，it ________ a lt t knw that I changed Jayce's life，’ Trashaun says” 可推知，自从那次会面后，Jayce发生了显著的变化，故选D。]
18．A.expectB．agree
C．hesitateD．refuse
A [根据下文中的“‘Hnestly，it ________ a lt t knw that I changed Jayce's life，’ Trashaun says”可推知，通过和Jayce的交往，Trashaun了解到自己改变了Jayce，这让他期望(expect)能够帮助更多的孩子，故选A。]
19．A.caresB．means
C．savesD．takes
B [结合上题解析可推知，了解到自己改变了Jayce对Trashaun来讲意义重大，故选B。]
20．A.attitudesB．wrds
C．videsD．disabilities
C [根据下文中的“I just thught my friends wuld see them，and be like，‘Oh，he dunked it！’”可推知，此处指的是Trashaun之前上传到网上的视频，故选C。]
课时提能练(二十八)
必修5 Unit 2 The envirnment
课时作业A：基础层面
Ⅰ.语境语法填空
A
With the 1.develpment(develp) f ecnmy，the envirnment is getting wrse and wrse.It's time that we 2.shuld_take/tk(take) measures t prtect it.Firstly，it's very imprtant t develp ur sense f 3.respnsibility (respnsible)．
Only when we realize the imprtance f prtecting the envirnment are we willing t d ur parts fr it.Secndly，we shuld try t change ur way f life.Thirdly，recycle the things that have been used.Abve all，we shuld try ur best t cut back n 4.pllutin(pllute) f the envirnment in rder t live a better life.
B
Peple are having a debate abut 1.whether t develp the ecnmy r prtect the envirnment.In Lin Shuiqing's pinin，it is ur duty 2.t_cut (cut) back n prductin and reduce the number f things we make and buy.While Qian Liwei thinks that businessmen are nt greedy and they dn't hide their 3.respnsibilities (respnsibility) either.As far as he 4.is_cncerned (cncern)，the peple perating these factries are 5.deeply(deep) cncerned abut the envirnment，and we shuld give them mre credit.In fact，many peple are willing t pay a little 6.higher (high) price fr things that are 7.friendly (friend) t the envirnment.
Ⅱ.语境短文改错
根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
As the third lng river in the wrld，the health f the Yangtze River has raised cncern bth in China r abrad.Rapid develpment and an increase in ppulatin has meant that the amunt f water taking frm the river is rising.This is nt a gd news fr the peple whm rely n the Yangtze River fr water.Many peple have recgnized the imprtant f prtecting the Yangtze River，and rganizatins and prjects have been set up t deal abut the prblem.Because this，the situatin n the Yangtze River is imprving.The effrts f the Chinese gvernment and peple t prtect this much­lved river wuld be appreciated fr years t cme.
[答案]
As the third eq \f(lng,lngest) river in the wrld，the health f the Yangtze River has raised cncern bth in China eq \f(r,and) abrad.Rapid develpment and an increase in ppulatin eq \f(has,have) meant that the amunt f water eq \f(taking,taken) frm the river is rising.This is nt a gd news fr the peple eq \f(whm,wh/that) rely n the Yangtze River fr water.Many peple have recgnized the eq \f(imprtant,imprtance) f prtecting the Yangtze River，and rganizatins and prjects have been set up t deal eq \f(abut,with) the prblem.Because eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(f)) this，the situatin n the Yangtze River is imprving.The effrts f the Chinese gvernment and peple t prtect this much­lved river eq \f(wuld,will) be appreciated fr years t cme.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．计算机已经改变了我们的工作和娱乐方式。(way引导定语从句)
Cmputers have changed the_way_(that/in_which)_we_wrk_and_play.
2．如果下次的月考他还没考好，他将会怎么样呢？(what if)
What_if he fails in the next mnthly examinatin again?
3．快点——我们剩下的时间不多了。(run ut f)
Hurry up—we are_running_ut_f_time.
4．每个人都穿着他们最好的衣服，渴望给我们留下好的印象。(impressin)
Everyne was dressed in their best clthes，eager t make_a_gd_impressin _n us.
课时作业B：能力层面
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·大连市一模)Emilia Dbek traces her interest in space and the universe back t third grade when she and her father watched a bld mn—a ttal lunar eclipse(月食)—n the rf f their huse.
Nw a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary Schl，Dbek recently wn the natinal Discvery Educatin Lckheed Martin Beynd Challenge by designing a space statin fr travelling t Mars.
She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strng desire in her that has yet t run ut f fuel.S when her teacher Andrea Smeetn received infrmatin abut the natinal challenge，Smeetn said she immediately had ne student in mind.
“I knew she wuld lve the challenge and that she wuld g way beynd in her search，” Smeetn said.“She immediately started researching bne density(密度) f astrnauts and hw t have fd n Mars.”
“My design will ensure the safety f the astrnauts but als make sure their cmfrt is ut f this wrld，” Dbek says.
Dbek's design calls fr building the MSS r Mars Strage Statin t put the supplies in.It als includes the SGF r Self­Grwing Farm，and she details hw it wuld wrk with the elements n Mars.
Then there is physical and leisure activity fr the astrnauts under Dbek's design.A simulatr (模拟装置) allws astrnauts t chse their exercise machine and virtual reality envirnment.Rms have circular ceilings s astrnauts will be able t watch dwnladed shws and even see places n Earth，such as their hmes.
“I want t tell ther kids t fllw their passins，” Dbek said.“Whatever they want t d，they shuld push fr it and always try their best.”
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了小学生Emilia Dbek接受挑战，设计太空站的情况。
1．Dbek first became interested in space when ________.
A．she was still a seventh grader
B．she studied at a junir high schl
C．she lived n the tp f their huse
D．she watched an eclipse f the mn
D [细节理解题。根据第一段“Emilia Dbek traces her interest in space and the universe back t third grade when she and her father watched a bld mn—a ttal lunar eclipse(月食)—n the rf f their huse”可知，Dbek对太空感兴趣是从她在三年级时的一个晚上观看一次月食开始的。]
2．Smeetn recmmended that Dbek take the challenge because ________.
A．she knew Dbek liked challenges in life
B．she had n ther students interested in Mars
C．Dbek knew hw t research bne density f astrnauts
D．she was sure that Dbek wuld have utstanding perfrmance
D [推理判断题。根据第四段Smeetn的话可推知，她对Dbek很了解，对其可以接受这项挑战并出色完成充满信心。]
3．What des Dbek fcus n when designing the space statin?
A．The envirnment n Mars.
B．The safety f the supplies.
C．The activities fr astrnauts.
D．The cmfrt f the astrnauts.
D [推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“make sure their cmfrt is ut f this wrld”并结合对倒数第二段的整体理解可推知，Dbek的设计包含身体和休闲活动，让宇航员在太空中也感到舒适。]
B
(2019·长春市质量监测一)I was waiting fr my train and n the subway statin's flr was a man just sitting there.I lked arund and nbdy stpped s I just went my way.After a few steps，I turned and asked him whether he needed help.He tld me his huse was ne statin further and he wuld nly need t take the train there.S I reached fr his hand t help him stand up.
He wanted t take the stairs but I feared that he wuld hurt himself since he seemed t weak t walk，s I asked him t take the elevatr.Even thugh my mind was trying t turn the danger lights n，I put the thught that I shuld nt g alne with a drunken man ut f my mind and accmpanied him n the elevatr.
We arrived n the platfrm with n incidents.The man's knees seemed t sften，s I asked him t rest n a bench.While sitting there，he thanked me，telling me that I saved him.N，I said，I really did nthing; he saved himself as he walked n his wn feet.
At the next statin，we said ur gdbyes.Befre I knew it，he left 100 dllars and dashed ut f the train.There was n way t give him back his mney.I wanted t leave it n the seat，but a yung wman wh thught it belnged t me ran after me and gave me the nte.
My initial reactin t getting that mney was f shame and I even felt ffended.Then I thught he just wanted t thank me，the best way he knew hw.Nw，my questin is—what act f kindness shall I d with these 100 dllars?
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在地铁站台看到有个醉汉坐在地上，于是把对方搀扶起来并陪他坐上地铁。临下车的时候对方塞给作者一百美元，作者准备用这笔钱继续帮助别人。
4．Why was the man sitting n the subway statin's flr?
A．Because he wanted t g hme.
B．Because he was seriusly ill.
C．Because he was drunk.
D．Because he was waiting fr the train.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“I put the a drunken man”可知，这个人坐在地铁站的地上是因为喝醉了。]
5．Seeing the mney left by the man，the authr first felt ________.
A．ashamed B．grateful
C．delightedD．frustrated
A [细节理解题。根据尾段第一句中的“My initial f shame”可知，作者看到这笔钱最初的反应是感到羞愧，因此选A。]
6．Hw will the authr pssibly deal with the mney?
A．Give it back.
B．Buy smething favrable.
C．Leave it n the seat.
D．Give it t peple in need.
D [推理判断题。根据尾段最后一句“Nw，my questin with these 100 dllars”可推知，作者下一步要用这笔钱去帮助他人，因此选D。]
7．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．I helped the man the mment I saw him.
B．I accmpanied the man t take the stairs.
C．I thught it unsafe t g alne with the drunken man at first.
D．A yung wman ran after me and gave me the nte.
C [推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者先是把不应该单独与这个醉汉同行的念头赶走，并在电梯里陪着他，因此C项正确。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2019·湖南省六校联考)
Gardening 380 Kilmeters abve Earth
Astrnauts have t g thrugh physical，psychlgical，and technical training. They als g thrugh training in hw t care fr plants.These“astrnaut gardeners” share their wrk and living space with plants.
Taking seeds and plants alng n a trip isn't a new idea.As space trips becme lnger，it will be necessary t grw fd in space.__1__ Because f this，it's nt practical t send everything needed fr a lng jurney，nly t be used nce and thrwn away.
Plants can serve many uses n a space jurney.They can prvide mre fresh things.__2__ Als，plants can help t make air quality better because they prduce xygen.They can imprve the quality f the air inside the spacecraft — the nly air the astrnauts can breathe.
__3__ Due t the lack f gravity in space，the xygen that the plants prduce stays arund the plants.This can actually kill them，s fans are needed t circulate the air.Withut gravity，rts dn't“knw”t grw dwn，leaves dn't “knw” t grw up，and water desn't easily travel up the rts t the leaves.__4__ Besides，sil is t heavy t send t space，and special liquid gels(凝胶) are used t help plant grwth.
Scientists are als wrking n the plants themselves.They are trying t make plants grw mre rapidly and grw with less water and light in space，and they are lking fr ways t make plants mre resistant t disease.__5__ Imagine that deserts may ne day prvide lts f fresh fd fr lcal peple，saving transprtatin csts.Similarly，plants that are resistant t disease culd prvide an imprtant fd supply.With the wrld's ppulatin nw at abut 7.7 billin peple，ur astrnaut gardeners may help discver ways t feed thse billins.
A．Every plant grwn in space must have several uses.
B．Hwever，there are challenges with grwing plants in space.
C．Such methds may result in imprvements back here n Earth.
D．The cst f taking anything int space is abut $22,000 per kilgram.
E．Specialized cntainers are being develped t help the plants grw crrectly.
F．Astrnauts will welcme the additin f fruits and vegetables t their diet f dry fds.
G．Currently all xygen is taken abard in tanks.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了宇航员在太空种植果蔬的原因、好处以及方法。
1．D [空后是说将所有所需东西带上太空是不切合实际的；据此可推知，空处应是介绍空后一句的原因；故D项“带任何东西到太空的花费大约是每千克22 000美元”符合语境。]
2．F [根据空前一句可知，植物可以为宇航员提供新鲜的东西；根据空后一句可知，植物还可以改善太空站的空气质量，因为其可以产生氧气；据此可推知，空处应是介绍太空种植植物的好处，即宇航员也喜欢在他们的饮食中有新鲜的果蔬食物，故F项正确。]
3．B [上文介绍了太空种植的好处，即为宇航员提供新鲜的果蔬、改善太空站的空气质量等；结合下文可知，种植太空果蔬有一定的困难；据此可知，空处承上启下，与上文形成转折关系，故B项正确。]
4．E [根据上文可知，在失重的情况下，植物的根和叶不知道如何生长，水分也不容易从根部传到叶子上；而空后一句介绍了关于土壤的解决方法；据此可推知，空处应是介绍解决上述问题的方法，故E项“正在研制专门的容器去帮助植物正确地生长”符合语境。]
5．C [根据空前一句可知，科学家们正在寻找各种让植物少使用水，在太空快速生长，而且可以抵抗病害的方法；且下文又提到改良后的植物对地球的影响；据此可推知，空处应是说明这些方法可以在地球上运用以带来改善，故C项正确。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·贵阳市适应性考试一)China's space prgram has becme the first t land a spacecraft n the 1.________(s­call) dark side f the mn.The landing n Thursday brught the cuntry clser t its gal f becming a space pwer.
Chang'e 4 sent a picture taken at 11：40 in the mrning back t Earth.It shws small craters and 2.________empty surface that appears t be 3.________(light) by a light frm the lunar explrer.
The name Chang'e cmes frm a subject f Chinese mythlgy that many Chinese believe 4.________(live) n the mn fr thusands f years.
The landing is an example f China's 5.________(grw) desire t cmpete with the American，Russian and Eurpean space 6.________(prgram)．China als wants t strengthen 7.________(it) psitin.
Hu Xiyun is a prfessr at Nanjing University's schl f astrnmy and space science.He tld the Assciated Press，“8.________ the whle，China's space technlgy still falls behind the West，but with the landing n the far side f the mn，we have raced t the frnt.”
He added that China plans t explre Mars，Jupiter and asterids(小行星) in the future.“There's n dubt 9.________ ur natin will g farther and farther，”he said.
In 2013，Chang'e 3 made the first mn landing since the frmer Sviet Unin's Luna 24 in 1976.The United States is the nly cuntry that has 10.________ (success) sent a persn t the mn.But China is cnsidering a crewed missin，as well.
Fr nw，China plants t send a Chang'e 5 spacecraft t the mn in 2019 and have it return t Earth with cllected particles.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要通过讲述“嫦娥四号”登陆月球背面介绍了中国的太空探索发展状况。
1．s­called [考查词形转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词s­called 修饰dark side，作定语。]
2．an [冠词。surface是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且empty的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]
3．lit/lighted [考查动词的语态。根据空后的介词“by”并结合语境可知，此处是被动结构，即“be＋dne”的形式，故填lit/lighted。]
4．has lived [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，指代a subject，在从句中作主语，故此处应用第三人称单数形式；且根据时间状语fr thusands f years可知，本句应用现在完成时，故填has lived。]
5．grwing [考查形容词。grwing 是形容词，意为“增长的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词desire。]
6．prgrams [考查名词的单复数。prgram是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故用复数形式，故填prgrams。]
7．its [考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词psitin。]
8．On [考查介词。n the whle是固定搭配，意为“大体上”，符合语境，故填介词On。]
9．that [考查固定用法。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定用法There is n dubt that，意为“毫无疑问”，符合语境，故填that。]
10．successfully [考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词successfully修饰其后的动词sent，在句子中作状语。]
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·湖北省八市联考)Many traditinal arts were lsing nwadays，because sme f whm are being replaced by mdern prducts.I feel extreme srry abut the lsing arts.In my pinins，they are classic and their charm will never fade away.Take my grandma fr the example.She is better at paper­cutting which was learnt frm her mther.When I fund my grandma had this skill，I was s surprised and curius it.I asked my grandma t teaching me the skill.During the prcess，I fund that this art was brilliant，but I was attracted by it.Sme traditinal arts like paper­cutting shuld be keeping.
[答案]
Many traditinal arts eq \f(were,are) lsing nwadays，because sme f eq \f(whm,them) are being replaced by mdern prducts.I feel eq \f(extreme,extremely) srry abut the lsing arts.In my eq \f(pinins,pinin)， they are classic and their charm will never fade away.Take my grandma fr the example.She is eq \f(better,gd) at paper­cutting which was learnt frm her mther.When I fund my grandma had this skill，I was s surprised and curius eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(abut)) it.I asked my grandma t eq \f(teaching,teach) me the skill.During the prcess，I fund that this art was brilliant，eq \f(but,and/s) I was attracted by it.Sme traditinal arts like paper­cutting shuld be eq \f(keeping,kept).