（8）健康环保类_2022届新高考英语一轮复习七选五话题专项练

这是一份（8）健康环保类_2022届新高考英语一轮复习七选五话题专项练，共11页。
（8）健康环保类—2022届新高考英语一轮复习七选五话题专项练一、    Every animal on Earth helps contribute to the ecosystem in some way. We humans must protect animals to keep the ecosystem in balance. We depend on healthy ecosystems for food, shelters and clean water. ①____If you want to protect them, the following ideas may inspire you.    Use social media to spread awareness for animal organizations. If you follow animal organizations on social media, you can repost their content, Your followers and social media circle will see it and possibly share it themselves. ②_____    Find a local organization or shelter that offers volunteering. ③_____But you can also search the web to find a local organization that may help walk dogs, bathe animals or clean cages. Popular organizations can be overloaded with volunteers. Smaller local rescues and shelters may have more openings for volunteers.    Adopt(收养)an animal from a local shelter. If you’re ready for a pet, consider adopting one from a shelter. ④_____Giving an animal a loving home will not only benefit its life but improve yours. Pick an animal that will match your budget, schedule and living space. Your pet will be happier if it matches your needs and lifestyle.    ⑤​_____ Reusable water bottles, food containers and shopping bags help reduce amount of plastic used that eventually ends up in the ocean which is home to some animals. When you do use disposable(一次性的)plastic, recycle it when you can.A. Use fewer plastic products to limit ocean pollution.B. Share ideas on how to reuse plastic to protect the ocean.C. By adopting a pet, you possibly save it from being killed.D. Some famous organizations encourage volunteers to adopt animals.E. Well-known organizations often have lots of volunteering chances.F. Taking action to protect animals is for their own good as well as ours.G. Make sure the content you share is accurate so you’re spreading correct information.二、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Endangered Species Day is a bittersweet event. While it’s heartbreaking to think back on all the species we have already lost during our last few generations, and all we stand to lose in the next few.①_______.Make a donation to a conservation organization. Every penny helps these local, national and international groups to do on-the-ground work in protecting habitats and species. ②_______.Visit your local natural history museum virtually. You’ll learn a lot about your local wildlife including species that may be threatened with decline. Endangered species aren’t just rhinos in Africa or leopards in Asia — they’re also the insects, birds, mammals and even plants right in our own backyards, and many times there is the opportunity to protect them.Join a wildlife conservation organization. There are many organizations to choose from including the National Wildlife Federation, National Audubon Society, Wildlife Conservation Network and more. ③_______. Your membership shows your ongoing support and also provides a way to stay in the loop about what’s happening and how you can help.④______. Today is the perfect day to send a few tweets, add a few Facebook updates, or pin a few photos about endangered species conservation. You can be a source of information and awareness today, and perhaps inspire even more people to get involved!Stay informed! Make it a daily practice to check in on news about endangered species on a local, national or global level. You’ll be able to see when and how you can help.Many species are endangered now, but we can change that; we can end poaching, habitat destruction, pollution and so many other factors causing declines around the world. ​⑤_______.A. Even if it’s just $5, it helps.B. It is time to get involved and make a difference.C. So let’s celebrate it with as many people as possible.D. It’s also a chance to look at some ways we can get started.E. Volunteer to work in some wildlife conservation organizations.F. Take to social media with information about endangered species.G. You can join a larger organization or even one that focuses on specific species or habitats.三、根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Once considered an optional lifestyle choice, recycling has become a commonplace activity in most areas. One type of recycling, called downcycling, involves re-purposing a material into a new product of lesser quality. ①_________Downcycling is also known as downstream recycling. It is most common in terms of industrial materials. These products lose their value as they are recycled, which limits their capacity for new use. ②_________ White writing paper, for example, is often downcycled into cardboard; once downcycled to this new form, it can no longer be used as white paper again. Another example of downcycling includes the use of plastic components.Giving products a new life is considered a good way to reuse materials and avoid waste. Once downcycled to their full capacity, however, these materials are eventually so degraded that they cannot be reused further. Since downcycled products are considered of lower quality than their original form, they cannot be used in remaking their original product.③_________ Plastic, glass, and aluminium products coded with the number one may be remade into something of equal or greater value. This type of recycling is known as upcycling, and represents the forward compatibility of recycled components. Materials available for downcycling, such as water, juice, and milk bottles, are coded with the number two. ④_________Items available for downcycling often require additional chemicals, energy, and other treatments in order to transform them into something usable. Durable plastic products in particular require much additional treatment. Trash bins, tables, and chairs are also considered materials with a high energy cost to recycle.When a product reaches a code seven, it is considered no longer recyclable. ⑤_________ Since these products can no longer be made into new ones, they will either have to be reused or discarded, typically in a landfill.A. These recycled materials may often be put into new use.B. It can include varying grades of plastic, paper products, and other materials.C. Their recycled form is typically both weaker and cheaper than their original one.D. They may not be used to contain food-grade items again upon being downcycled.E. Products are provided with codes to determine their grades and whether or not they may be recycled.F. A code will determine the type of the recycled materials and give an idea of how many times they can be recycled.G. This usually occurs when a substance is blended with other substances, such as different types of plastic with various recycling codes.四、    Going green is a great way to reduce your environmental footprints and help the planet. Being green is all about reducing the resources you use, reusing items when you can, and recycling items that can't be reused. ①_____    Carry a reusable water bottle so you will not need bottled water.    ②_____ Not only does it create trash, but it also uses more resources because it's shipped to the store. To be more eco-friendly, make it a habit to carry a reusable water bottle with you everywhere so that you can drink water anytime. Plastic bottles are usually the lightest and most convenient.    Use reusable bags while you're shopping.    Shopping bags make it easy to carry your items home, but they also pollute the planet. Skip the store's shopping bags and bring your own instead. Use a backpack that you already own, or purchase a couple of reusable bags from the checkout area at your local grocery store. ③_____    ④_____    Before you throw something away, look for ways you might reuse it. Try repurposing items or making green crafts. This will help you keep trash out of the landfill. For example, instead of throwing away a jar, you might use it as a glass, vase or storage container.     Reduce the amount of time you spend using electronics.    While electronics are really fun and help you feel connected to your friends, they also use up a lot of energy. Schedule breaks from your electronics so you can use them less. During your breaks, do something fun like going for a walk, playing a game with your friends, or pursuing a hobby. ⑤_____ For instance, instead of playing online video games together, go to a local park.A.Reuse items to save them from the landfill.B.You can use your reusable bags at most stores.C.Bottled water is really bad for the environment.D.You probably need to change your personal habits.E.Invite your friends to connect with you in real life.F.Glass bottles have come a long way in recent years.G.You can find ideas for green crafts by searching online.五、    Every person has time for exercise. The way is to take steps to include exercise convenient for your lifestyle. After I started getting into a habit of exercising, I was surprised by how much I could get done in a day, both physically and mentally. You can make exercise a part of your daily lifestyle. ①_________    Start small.    One of the reasons why exercise programs fail is that we bite off more than we can chew. Instead of telling yourself you're going to exercise today for an hour, tell yourself you're going to exercise for five minutes. ②_________    Break your exercise into parts.    No time for 30 minutes of exercise? No problem. Do three bouts(一回) of 10 minutes, or six bouts of five minutes each. ③_________ Just keep a running table of how many minutes you exercise each day to ensure you're getting the minimum you desire.    ④_________    Devices such as Fitbit activity trackers(跟踪系统) turn exercise into a game of sorts. Each day, you can measure how many steps you've taken. Many people find this attractive to their competitive spirits, and they take great pains to meet their goals. The technology is there, and it's very affordable.    Exercise with someone else.    ⑤_________ You don't want to let him or her down, even if you're feeling like you'd rather not work out. Find someone and start moving. You'll be able to inspire one another and celebrate your success.A. Use technology to help.B. Always stay active with exercise.C. Yes, just five minutes and get up to walk around.D. Here are four steps to help you do it effectively.E. You'll still get the same time, no matter how you break it down.F. High-tech products are becoming popular with many young people.G. It's much more difficult to say "no" to exercise when you have an exercise partner.六、    Environmental pollution kills 1.7 million children under the age of five every year worldwide. This is according to the World Health Organization(WHO). The WHO warns that child deaths will increase greatly if pollution continues to worsen.     The most common causes of the death among children aged one month to five years are diarrhoea, malaria and pneumonia. This is according to the WHO. ①________ This means providing access to safe water and sanitation, limiting exposure to harmless chemicals, and improving waste management.    ②________ The WHO estimates that air pollution is responsible for about 6.5 million premature, or early deaths every year. That number includes nearly 600,000 deaths of children under five. Most of these deaths take place in developing countries.    Air pollution is a leveler between rich and poor countries, according to the WHO environment and health chief Maria Neira, ③________ And one of the most important ways to reduce air pollution is to produce cleaner fuels for cooking and heating. "Almost half of the world population is using dirty fuels for cooking, heating, and lighting at home. And, this is affecting very much mothers who are staying and cooking at home, and the children who are around mothers— they are exposed as well." Early exposure to harmful pollutants can lead to increased risk of chronic respiratory disease, asthma, heart disease, strokes and cancer later in life.    Cleaning up how the world cooks, heats and lights homes and other buildings is a big-picture goal. The WHO is advising government departments and industries such as the construction industry and the health sector to work together to clean up their environment.    ④________ The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has the following suggestions ;    • Avoid walking where there is a high volume of vehicle traffic.    • ⑤________    • Limit your time outside if you live in an area that issues warnings about air quality.    • Wear high-grade, rated face masks tightly to the face when air quality is poor.    • Remove your clothes and wash immediately after entering your house if you live or commute in a very polluted area. A. However, of all the environmental pollution, air pollution is being called the most dangerous.B. But what can individuals do to limit our family's exposure to air pollution?C. Therefore, the WHO stresses that governments around the world need to take the lead on ensuring that children grow up in a clean environment.D. The organization also says reducing environmental risks can prevent such deaths.E. A polluted environment is a deadly one—particularly for young children.F. Everybody, she says, needs to breathe.G. Equip homes with air filters and air conditioning units.


            答案以及解析一、答案：FGECA解析：本文是说明文。地球上的每一种动物都以某种方式对生态系统做出了贡献,所以我们人类必须保护动物。文章介绍了几种保护动物的方法。【1题详解】上文介绍了动物的重要性和保护动物的必要性。我们人类必须保护动物,以保持生态系统的平衡。我们依靠健康的生态系统获得食物、住所和清洁水。下句:如果你想保护他们,下面的想法可能会启发你。F项:采取行动保护动物是为了他们自己和我们的利益。承上启下,说明了保护动物的重要性,故选F。【2题详解】本段建议我们利用社会媒体传播对动物组织的关注。上文建议我们转发动物组织的内容,以便粉丝和社交媒体圈会看到并分享。G项:确保你分享的内容是准确的,这样你就传播了正确的信息。是对转发内容的要求,与上句承接。故选G。【3题详解】本段建议我们找一个提供志愿服务的当地组织或庇护所。根据下句help walk dogs, bathe animals or clean cages.可知这些都是志愿者在当地组织或庇护所可以做的具体工作,E项:知名组织经常有很多志愿者机会。连接前后,故选E。【4题详解】本段建议我们从当地庇护所收养一只动物,C项:通过收养宠物,你可能会使它免于被杀死。说明了收养动物的好处,adopting是关键词,故选C。【5题详解】下文介绍重复使用水瓶、食品容器和购物袋有助于减少最终流入海洋的塑料使用量。由此可知本段建议我们少用塑料制品以此来限制海洋污染,A项表达了此意,故选A。二、答案：DAGFB解析：1. 根据第二至四段第一句 Make a donation to a conservation organization. Visit your local natural history museum virtually. Join a wildlife conservation organization. 可知,后文分别提出了几条为濒危动物做些什么的建议,D项意为“这也是一个机会,让我们看看我们可以开始的(为濒危动物做些什么的)一些方法”,引出下文,符合语境。故正确答案为D。2. 根据上文 Every penny helps these local, national and interactional groups to do on-the-ground work in protecting habitats and species. 可知,上文提到,每一分钱都有助于这些地方、国家和相互影响的团体为保护栖息地和物种做实地工作。A项意为“即使只是5美元,也有帮助”,承接上文,符合语境。故正确答案为A。3. 根据空前两句 Join a wildlife conservation organization. There are many organizations to choose from including the National Wildlife Federation, National Audubon Society, Wildlife Conservation Network and more. 可知,该段建议加入一个野生动物保护组织,且提到,有许多组织可供选择,包括国家野生生物联合会野生动物保护协会,野生动物保护奥杜邦学会,野生动物保护网络等等。G项意为“你可以加入一个更大的组织,甚至是一个专注于特定物种或栖息地的组织”,与上文内容相关,承接上文,符合语境。故正确答案为G。4. 根据空后两句 Today is the perfect day to send a few tweets, add a few Facebook updates, photos about endangered species conservation. You can be a source of information and awareness today and perhaps inspire even more people to get involved! 可知,后文提到,今天是发布一些微博、添加一些 Facebook 更新、拍摄濒危物种保护照片的最佳日子,你可以成为信息的来源。F项意为“在社交媒体上发布关于濒危物种的信息”,概括了后文的主要内容,引出下文,符合语境。故正确答案为F。5. 根据空前 Many species are endangered now, but we can change that; we can end poaching, habitat destruction, pollution and so many other factors causing declines around the world 可知,现在许多物种都濒临灭绝,但我们可以改变这种状况;我们可以结束偷猎、栖息地破坏、污染以及其他许多导致世界范围内物种减少的因素。B项意为“是时候参与进来,做出改变了”,make a difference 与空前 we can change that 呼应,承接上文,符合语境。故正确答案为B。三、答案：BCEDG四、答案：①-⑤ DCBAE解析：①本段为总领全文的段落, 根据下文的各个小标题可知, 本文主要是建议大家改变自己的个人习惯以保护环境。故选D项。②空后Not only does it create trash, but it also uses more resources because it's shipped to the store.具体阐述了瓶装水对环境的危害, C项(瓶装水真的对环境有害)引出下文, 符合语境。bottled water为关键信息。故选C项。③根据本段小标题Use reusable bags while you're shopping.可知, 本段是建议使用环保袋; 空前建议使用自己的背包或者购买环保袋, B项(你能够在大多数商店使用环保袋)符合语境。reusable bags是关键信息。故选B项。④根据下文Before you throw something away, look for ways you might reuse it. Try repurposing items or making green crafts.可知, 本段是建议再利用, reuse是关键词。A项(再利用这些东西, 以免它们被填埋)符合语境。故选A项。⑤空前是说在休息时间做一些有趣的事情, 比如散步、和朋友玩游戏或者追求一个爱好。空后举例说明与其一起玩在线视频游戏, 不如去本地公园玩。E项(邀请你的朋友在现实生活中与你联系)承上启下, 符合语境。故选E项。五、答案：DCEAG
解析：这是一篇说明文。作者在文中介绍了如何锻炼身体。 ①上文提到了锻炼对身心的益处,再根据下文中的四个小标题可知,下文作者提出了一些锻炼的方式,D项中的four steps与之对应,故选D项。②上文中的"tell yourself you're going to exercise for five minutes"是作者的建议,与C项中的"just five minutes"相呼应。③由该段小标题可知,作者建议你可以把锻炼分成几部分来进行,文中以30分钟的锻炼为例,可以将其分为3次,每次10分钟,或6次,每次5分钟。故E项"无论你怎样拆分,你依然会得到同样的时间"总结了上文的内容。④空处是小标题。该段讲述了可以使用一些设备来记录每天走的步数,这样可以督促你进行锻炼。A项"Use technology to help"适合作本段的小标题。⑤本段中作者建议在锻炼时找一个同伴,这种方式可以激励自己进行锻炼。G项中的"when you have an exercise partner"与之相呼应。六、答案：DAFBG
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来幼童死亡率上升的主要原因:环境污染。 ①上文提出"The most common causes of the death among children aged one month to five years are diarrhoea, malaria and pneumonia."(一个月至五岁的儿童中最常见的死亡原因是腹泻、疟疾和肺炎。),而D项“该组织还说减少环境风险可以防止此类死亡。”补充了世界卫生组织的另一个介绍,使幼童死亡与环境污染产生联系,同时下文中的This指代D项中的reducing environmental risks。故选D项。②下文提到"The WHO estimates that air pollution is responsible for about 6.5 million premature, or early deaths every year.", A项“然而,在所有的环境污染中,空气污染被认为是最危险的。”对应下文中的air pollution“空气污染”符合语境。故选A项。③根据上文"Air pollution is a leveler between rich and poor countries,  according to the WHO environment and health chief Maria Neira."可知,F项“她说每个人都需要呼吸。”,符合语境。故选F项。④根据下文"The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has the following suggestions"(美国环境保护署有以下建议),可知, 这里说的是个人能做什么以减少空气污染带来的影响。B项“但是,个人能做些什么来限制家人与空气污染的接触呢?”符合语境。故选B项。⑤根据上下文可知,这里介绍的都是个人为减少空气污染带来的影响的方法。G项“为家庭配备空气过滤器和空调装置。”符合语境。故选G项。