2022版高考英语（外研版）一轮复习学案：必修1 Module 4 A Social Survey — My Neighbourhood

[单词　拼写应用]

核心单词

1．survey n．& v．调查

2．pretty adv.很；相当

3．sound vi.听起来

4．bother vt.打扰；烦扰；麻烦

5．approach vt.接近

6．park vt.停车

7．exchange vt.交换

8．contact vt.联络；联系(某人)

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．It sounds(sound) as if you are joking.Are you serious?

2．Give the names of two people who can be_contacted(contact) in an emergency.

3．I'm sorry to_bother(bother) you，but could you direct me to the station?

4．Almost 50% of those surveyed(survey) said that they supported the President's decision.

5．With the Spring Festival approaching(approach)，a good many rural workers began to return home.

拓展单词

1．neighbour n．邻居→neighbourhood n．四邻；街坊

2．attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引；名胜→attractive adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的

3．fortune n．运气；财富→fortunate adj.幸运的；吉祥的→fortunately adv.幸运地；吉祥地

4．tour vt.& n．旅游；观光→tourism n．旅游业→tourist n．旅游者；观光客

5.starve vi.饿死→starvation n．饿死；挨饿

6．occupy v．占用；占据→occupation n．职业

7．profession n．职业；专业→professional adj.专业的

8．employ vt.雇佣→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员→employment n．就业

9．afford vt.买得起；有能力支付→affordable adj.负担得起的

10．survive vi.死里逃生；大难不死→survival n．幸存→survivor n．幸存者

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．The Great Wall is an attraction，whose scenery is very attractive，and it attracts a large number of tourists every day.(attract)

2．It was fortunate of them to make a fortune by trading with foreigners.And more fortunately for them，they were supported by the government.(fortune)

3．Tourism is a main industry of this area.Every year millions of tourists come here to enjoy a wonderful tour.(tour)

4.It is surprising that there are still many people in the world starving to death each year; that is，many people die of starvation.(starve)

5．The company employs 200 people every year.The employer is kind to the employees，so if you are a student seeking employment，it is a good place.(employ)

6．Only two passengers survived the air crash.When the two survivors were interviewed，they said their survival was a wonder.(survive)

阅读单词

1．local adj.地方的；局部的

2．suburb n．城郊；郊区

3．hometown n．家乡

4．rent n．租金

5．district n．地域；行政区

6．harbour n．海港

7．architecture n．建筑

8．traffic n．交通

9．committee n．委员会

10．household n．家属；家人

11．gallery n．美术馆

12．fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的

1．(2019·江苏卷)With Naomi's help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve's songs.可靠的

2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.处理；对付

3．(2018·北京卷)She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a．m.or questioned my expenses on running.发出声音

[短语　多维应用]

[句式　结构仿写]

1．approach v．接近；靠近 n．接近；通路；方法；步骤

at the approach of 在快到……的时候

make approaches to sb.设法接近某人

an approach to (doing) sth.做某事的方法/途径

at the approach of the final exam 在期末考试快要到来时

a new approach to learning computer skills 一种学习电脑技术的新方法

with the Spring Festival approaching 随着春节的临近

[名师点津]　approach作名词时，后面常跟介词to表示“……的方法”，而way, method, means表示“方法”时，常跟介词of。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Approaching(approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.

②The job market has changed and our approach to finding(find) work must change as well.

[能力提升]——一句多译

随着暑假的临近，我计划去很多地方旅游。

①As_the_summer_vacation_is_approaching,_I'm planning to travel to many places. (状语从句)

②With_the_summer_vacation_approaching,_I'm planning to travel to many places.(with复合结构)

③At_the_approach_of_the_summer_vacation,_I'm planning to travel to many places.(approach n．)

2．exchange vt.&n.交换；兑换

(1)exchange sth.for sth.以……换取……

exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换……

(2)in exchange for 作为……的交换

(3)exchangeable adj.可交换/兑换的

an exchange student from China 一名来自中国的交换生

exchange a quick smile with her 与她会意一笑

often exchange ideas with our parents 经常与我们的父母交流想法

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①At the end of the game, players traditionally exchange shirts with each other.

②The other day, I exchanged that pair of trousers for a large size.

③It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money in exchange for favors to them.

[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级

同时，他们彼此交流思想和情感，通过这些他们很可能会获得更多的知识。

①普通表达：Meanwhile, they exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with_each_other. They probably acquire more knowledge through it.

②高级表达：Meanwhile, they exchange ideas and feelings with each other, through_which_they_probably_acquire_more_knowledge.(定语从句)

3．afford vt.买得起，负担得起；(有时间) 做；承担得起 (后果)；提供；给予

(1)afford to do sth.负担得起干……的费用

afford sb.sth.＝ afford sth.to sb.给予某人某物

(2)affordable adj.能承担得起的

affordably adv.付得起地

couldn't afford him to go to school 供不起他上学

can't afford the high rent for a downtown apartment 付不起市中心公寓的昂贵房租

afford young people a chance to gain work experience 为年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会

[名师点津]　 afford意为“买得起，负担得起”时，常与can, could, be able to以及其否定形式连用，后接名词、代词或不定式。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2018·浙江卷)The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be affordable(afford) but doing this most days adds up.

②Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to_stay(stay) at a hotel.

③Television and the Internet afford much pleasure to many people.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

普通表达：I don't have enough money to buy such an expensive house now.

高级表达：I can't_afford_to_buy such an expensive house now.(afford)

4．survive vi.死里逃生；大难不死 vt.在……之后仍然生存，从……中逃生

(1)survive sb.比某人活的时间长/寿命长

survive sth.(经历意外、战争、疾病等后)幸存，活下来

survive on sth.靠某物继续维持生活

(2)survival n．幸存

survivor n．幸存者

struggle to survive on very little money 靠很少的钱艰难度日

tend to survive their husbands 往往比她们的丈夫寿命长

the only one to survive the plane crash 这次空难唯一的幸存者

[名师点津]　survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故中幸存下来”时，为及物动词，其后不加介词from。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错

①(2017·江苏卷)Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival(survive)．

②The family are struggling to survive on very little money.

③To everyone's surprise, he survived from such a terrible accident.去掉from

[能力提升]——句式升级

普通表达：After we survived that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right.

高级表达：Having_survived_that_night,_we were confident that everything else would be all right.(现在分词短语作状语)

5．put up 修建；举起；张贴；(为……)提供膳宿；提高(价钱)

[一词多义]　写出下列句中put up的含义

①Those who know the answer to the question, please put up your hands.举起

②The government has promised that taxes will not be put up again this year.提高

③First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.张贴

④He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.提供膳宿

put away 储存……以备用；把……收拾起来

put down 记下；写下

put off 推迟，拖延

put forward 提出(意见、建议)

put up with 忍受，忍耐

put up a notice about the spring trip 张贴这次春游的通知

put up two foreign students over the summer vacation 在暑假期间为两位外国学生提供膳宿

decide to put up their interest rate 决定提高他们的利率

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2016·天津卷)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.

②(2016·天津卷)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.

③To make space in the bedroom, she put away her winter clothes and took them to the storeroom.

[能力提升]——完成句子

(2016·北京卷)在地球日的前一周，在我们学校周围张贴了海报，号召我们加入这项活动，为绿色地球而努力。

A week before Earth Day, posters were_put_up_around_our_school,_calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.

6．a number of 许多；大量

表示“许多”的短语有：

(1)a great(good) many/a large(great) number of 修饰可数名词复数

(2)a great(large) amount of/a great deal of 修饰不可数名词

(3)a lot of/lots of/plenty of/a large quantity of/large quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词

a great number of tourists from all over the world 来自世界各地的许多游客

large quantities of land in this area 这个地区的大量土地

a growing/increasing number of foreign tourists 越来越多的外国游客

[名师点津]　无论quantities of修饰的是可数名词还是不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词都用复数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Now a great many college graduates are(be) seeking for a high­paid job, but a number of them are(be) often not able to find a suitable one.

②So far a great deal of money has_been_spent(spend) on this film because of many famous stars performing in it.

③Every day large quantities of waste water are_poured(pour) into rivers without being cleaned.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

普通表达：Jackie has worked at many different hospitals — including one at Scotland.

①高级表达：Jackie has worked at a_great/good_many different hospitals — including one at Scotland.

②高级表达：Jackie has worked at a_number_of different hospitals — including one at Scotland.

7．(教材P32)It's_been_six_years_since we last saw each other，you know.你知道，自从上次我们见面以来已经六年了。

[句型公式]　句中“It be＋时间段＋since...”意为：“自从……已有多久了”。主句中be为is/has been，从句用一般过去时；若be为was，则从句用过去完成时。

(1)“It＋be＋一段时间＋before从句(若从句时态为一般现在时，主句为一般将来时；若从句时态为一般过去时，主句为一般过去时)”表示“多久之后才……”。

(2)“It＋be＋时间点＋when从句(时间状语从句)”表示“做某事是在某时”。

(3)“It＋be＋介词＋时间点/段＋that ...”是强调句型。

[名师点津]　since引导的从句中如果谓语动词用非延续性动词，表示“自从……多久了”；若since引导的从句中谓语动词用延续性动词，则表示“自从该动作结束以来已有多久了”。

[金句推送]　(天津卷)While it has been more than a year since you taught us English, I've missed you a lot, thinking about those happy moments when we stayed with you.

尽管你已经有一年多不教我们英语了，但我非常想念你，对我们和你一块度过的幸福时光念念不忘。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①He said it was ten years since he had_come(come) here.

②He was told that it would be at least three more months before he could recover and return to work.

③It was already midnight when I returned home from my office last night.

④You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists.

[能力提升]——一句多译

我们离开学校已经五年了，但是那些记忆甜蜜如初。

①It is/has_been_five_years_since we left the school, but those memories are as sweet as ever before.

②We_left_the_school five years ago, but those memories are as sweet as ever before.

③We have_been_away_from_the_school for five years, but those memories are as sweet as ever before.

8．(教材P32)And this_is_the_first_time_I've_visited your hometown.这是我第一次到你的家乡来。

[句型公式]　句中“It/This/That be the first(second ...)time＋that从句(口语中常省略that)”，表示“这是某人第一/二……次做某事”。若主句谓语动词用is，从句中的谓语用现在完成时；若主句谓语动词用was，从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。

It is time for sth.到了做某事的时候了。

It is time (for sb.) to do sth.到了(某人)做某事的时候了。

It is (high) time that sb.did/should do sth.到了(某人)做某事的时候了。

[金句推送]　(重庆卷)It's high time that we worked together to change the situation.

确实到了我们共同努力来改变这种状况的时候了。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①This is the first time that I have_been(be) away from my family for such a long time.

②It was the second time that we had_succeeded(succeed) in holding such important parties.

[能力提升]——一句多译

确实到了我们致力于环境保护和经济发展的时候了。

①It's_time_for_us_to_devote_ourselves_to environmental protection and economic improvement.(简单句)

②It's_high_time_that_we_devoted/should_devote_ourselves_to environmental protection and economic improvement.(复合句)

多维训练——夯实基础

维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空

1．This is the first time that we have_seen(see) a film in the newly­built cinema together.

2．Of the six people in the plane that crashed only one survived(survive)．

3．The manager says he really can't afford to_wait(wait) another day, because he is very busy.

4．It is already three years since he worked(work) in this company, and now he still can't find a job.

5．With winter approaching(approach)，the weather turns cold.

维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词

1．A notice was put up in order to remind students of the changed lecture time.

2．We'll have an opportunity to exchange views with the manager tomorrow.

3．It seems that a number of people are out of work because of the economic crisis.

4．With the cost of living going up,_they find it difficult to make ends meet.

5．Failure doesn't mean you will never make it;_it does mean it will take a little longer.

维度3——查缺补漏(单句语法填空/单句改错)

1．I've been trying to_contact (contact) you all day.

2．Fortunately(fortunate), people are beginning to realize how serious the situation is.

3．More and more people choose to live in the countryside to get away from the noise and polluted air.

4．Sounded sweet, the song is very popular with young people.

Sounded→Sounding

5．So far this year I published more than twelve articles and I will try to write more.published前加have

维度4——话题写作

1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)

①到目前为止，小王和我们社区其他一些人一样，已经失业很久了。

So_far/Up_to_now/Till_now,_Xiao Wang, as well as a few people_in_our_ neighbourhood，has_been_unemployed for a long time.

②在一些社会组织的帮助下，他重新找到了工作。

With_the_help_of_some_social_organisations,_he has found a new job.

③他感到很幸运能够再就业，从困境中摆脱出来。

He feels_fortunate to be in work again and get_away_from_difficult_times.

④他希望能像其他人一样买得起自己的房子。

He hopes to afford_to_buy_his_own_house like other people.

⑤他相信只要努力工作就能做到。

He believes that as long as he works hard, he can make_it.

2．升级平淡句

(1)用“It be＋时间段＋since ...”句型改写句①

So_far,_it_has_been_a_long_time_since_Xiao_Wang,_as_well_as_a_few_people_in_our_neighbourhood,_became_unemployed.

(2)用with复合结构改写句②

With_some_social_organisations_helping_him,_he_has_found_a_new_job.

3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：and)

So far, it has been a long time since Xiao Wang, as well as a few people in our neighbourhood, became unemployed.With some social organisations helping him, he has found a new job.He feels fortunate to be in work again and get away from difficult times.He hopes to afford to buy his own house like other people.And he believes that as long as he works hard, he can make it.