2022版高考英语（外研版）一轮复习学案：必修1 Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab

 [单词　拼写应用]

核心单词

1.stage n．阶段；时期

2．aim n．目标；目的 vt.目标在于

3．boil vt.煮；煮沸

4．ordinary adj.普通的；平常的

5．float vi.漂浮

6．form vi.形成

7．facility n．(常作复数)设备；工具

8．lecture n．演讲

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．Aimed(aim) at improving the level of English，English Corner is held once a week.

2．He has_formed(form) the habit of getting up early since then.

3．We need to consider what facilities(facility) we will use for language training.

4．I found something large floating(float) in the sea about a mile away from the shore.

拓展单词

1.expand vi.膨胀→expansion n．膨胀；扩大

2．mix v．(使)混合→mixture n．混合物

3．electric adj.电的；用电的→electrical adj.与电有关的；电气化的→electricity n．电

4．conclude vt.得出结论→conclusion n．结论

5．react vi.(化学)反应→reaction n．反应

6．equip vt.装备；配备→equipment n．设备；装备

7．balance n．天平；平衡→balanced adj.平衡的

8．astonish vt.使吃惊→astonished adj.吃惊的；惊愕的→astonishing adj.令人吃惊的→astonishment n．吃惊

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．The city has been expanding rapidly，whose expansion has brought damage to the natural surroundings.(expand)

2．Our chemistry teacher mixed some chemicals into the water and the mixture tasted very terrible.(mix)

3．I wanted to know how the students reacted to my words as well as your reaction.(react)

4．The school has been rebuilt and it is well equipped.Much money has been spent on the office equipment.(equip)

5．To our astonishment，the famous star died.That's to say，we were astonished at the news of her sudden death，and it was really astonishing.(astonish)

阅读单词

1．liquid n．液体

2．contract vi.收缩

3．substance n．物质

4．oxygen n．氧气

5．rust vi.生锈

6．steam n．蒸汽；水汽

7．dissolve vi.溶解；分解

8．flame n．火焰

9．department n．(大学的)科、系

1．(2019·北京卷)Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.力争做到

2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school.表格

3．(2016·江苏卷)．..the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems.扩大

[短语　多维应用]

[句式　结构仿写]

1．conclusion n．结论；结束

(1)draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion 得出结论

make a conclusion 下结论

in conclusion 总之；最后

(2)conclude v．下结论；总结；结束

conclude ...with ...以……结束……

conclude that ...结论是……

from these facts we can draw some conclusions 从这些事实我们可以得出一些结论

from what has been discussed above, we may come to the conclusion 从上述讨论中我们会得出这个结论

from his satisfied expression, we came to the conclusion 从他满意的表情我们得出结论

[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错

①What conclusion(conclude) can you draw from the evidence you've heard?

②In conclusion, people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.

③He concluded his speech with a famous saying: “Where there is a will, there is a way.”

[能力提升]——句式升级

普通表达：Therefore, we can draw a conclusion.The government should take effective measures to protect wildlife in no time.

高级表达：Therefore, we can draw the conclusion that_the_government_should_ take_effective_measures_to_protect_wildlife_in_no_time.(同位语从句)

2．aim n．目标；目的；对准 v．对准；目标在于

(1)take aim at sth.　瞄准……；对准……

with the aim of ...以……为目标；意在……

(2)aim to do sth.＝ aim at (doing) sth.力求做某事

be aimed at (doing) sth.　目的是；旨在

(3)aimless adj.漫无目的的

aimlessly adv.漫无目的地

achieve their aims through peaceful means 通过和平手段达到他们的目的

with the aim of finding a high­paid job 目的是找一个高薪的工作

aim at improving the students' ability of listening and speaking 力求提高学生的听说能力

be aimed to develop relations between the two countries 旨在提升两国之间的关系

[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错

①(2017·北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly(aimless) down the tree­lined street, not knowing where she was heading.

②I'm aiming to_lose(lose) 4 kilograms before the summer holiday.

[能力提升]——一句多译

学校以鼓励年轻作家为目的开展了此项竞赛。

①The competition was started by the school with_the_aim_of encouraging young writers.(介词短语)

②Aiming_to encouraging young writers, the competition was started by the school.(现在分词作状语)

3．react vi.(化学)反应；发生作用

(1)react to 对……作出反应

react with 与……起(化学)反应

react against 反对；反抗；反叛

react on/upon 对……有影响

(2)reaction n．反应

in reaction to 对……的反应

react angrily to the news of more job losses 对裁员的消息感到气愤

react on living expenses 对生活花费造成影响

react against the political system 反抗政治制度

a natural reaction to such bad news 对这种坏消息的自然反应

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2019·浙江卷)They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.

②Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.

③He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong reaction (react)．

[能力提升]——一句多译

读一些正能量的文章会对你的思想产生积极的影响。

①Reading positive articles can react_on_your_thoughts_positively.(react)

②Reading positive articles can have_a_positive_effect_on_your_thoughts.(effect)

③Reading positive articles can have_a_positive_influence_on_your_thoughts. (influence n．)

4.balance n．天平；平衡 vt.(使)平衡；权衡

(1)keep/lose/break the balance 保持/失去/打破平衡

out of balance 失去平衡

(2)balance ...against ...把……与……进行权衡

balance ...with ...使……与……平衡

(3)balanced adj.平衡的

imbalance n．不平衡

keep the balance of nature 保持自然平衡

keep the balance between study and social life 保持学习和社会生活之间的平衡

balance the advantages against the disadvantages 权衡利弊

a balanced diet and regular exercise 均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①We all know that a balanced(balance) diet is of great importance.

②You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages.

[熟词生义]　写出句中balance的含义

The current balance in your account is ￡1,182.余额

[能力提升]——一句多译

我的建议是你最好通过多吃水果少吃肉均衡饮食。

①My suggestion is that you should try to balance_your_diet by eating more fruit and less meat.(balance v．)

②My suggestion is that you should try to keep_a_balanced_diet by eating more fruit and less meat.(balanced)

5．add...to...  往……加入……

(1)add to增加；增添

add up 把……加起来

add up to 加起来总计达

add (that) ...补充说/接着说……

(2)addition n．加；(数)加法；增加

in addition 另外

in addition to 除……之外

add to the fun of the camp 增加了这次野营的乐趣

add to the beauty of my hometown 增添了我家乡的美丽

add to our knowledge and understanding of our country 增添了我们的知识和对我们国家的了解

in addition to improving creativity 除了提高创造力以外

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2016·天津卷)The dictionary is out of date: many words have_been_added(add) to the language since it was published.

②Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.

③Add up all the money you've received this month, and you will find you can afford a new computer.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

普通表达：Besides, you should respect all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge.

高级表达：In_addition,_you should respect all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge.

6．used to 过去(常常)……

there used to be ...过去常常有……

be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯(做)某事

be used to do sth.被用来做某事

used to sleep with the window open 过去习惯开着窗子睡觉

be used to taking a walk in the park after supper every day 习惯于每天晚饭后在公园散步

be used to keep us warm 被用来给我们保暖

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①He used to_stay(stay) up late, but now he is used to going(go) to bed early.

②The following simple experiment is used to_separate(separate) different liquids.

[能力提升]——完成句子

以前在他们房子的后方有一个美丽的大花园。

There_used_to_be_a_big_and_beautiful_garden at the back of their house.

7．(教材P44)It_is_hard_to_think of a world without metals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。

[句型公式]　本句为“It is＋形容词＋不定式”句式。其中it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语。

It作形式主语的常见句型：

(1)It is＋adj.＋of/for sb.to do sth.

(2)It is＋adj./n.＋that从句

(3)It is no good/use doing sth.做某事是没有好处/用的

[名师点津]　在“It is＋adj.＋of/for sb.to do sth.”中，for前面通常是difficult, necessary, important, easy等与事物的特征有关的形容词；而of前面常是kind, nice, good, stupid, silly, careful, careless等与人的特征有关的形容词。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)I'm sure it is a good chance to_perform(perform) your favorite music.

②Though it's nice of you to put him up, it's impossible for him to sleep on such a small bed.

③It is no use trying(try) to solve the problem by force.Peace talks are the only solution.

[能力提升]——句式升级

普通表达：You are careless to make so many mistakes in the exam.

①高级表达：It_is_careless_of_you_to_make so many mistakes in the exam.

普通表达：He didn't pass the exam and that's a shame.

②高级表达：It_is_a_shame_that he didn't pass the exam.

多维训练——夯实基础

维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空

1．I used to_go(go) to the cinema, but I never get the time now.

2．To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced(balance) diet.

3．He said that these measures were_aimed(aim) at helping the poor.

4．I have no idea what my parents' reaction(react) will be to my poor examination result.

5．It is important to_pay(pay) your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.

维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词

1．We are here to add what we can to life, not to get what we can from it.

2．In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.

3．We are proud of our achievements and hopeful for the future.

4．The teacher is teaching the students how to expand a sentence into a paragraph.

5．You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request in the_form of a question.

维度3——查缺补漏(单句语法填空/单句改错)

1．Hearing the news, she felt a strange mixture(mix) of excitement and fear.

2．The message is very important, so it is supposed to_be_sent(send) as soon as possible.

3．The more you practise speaking English, the greater(great) progress you'll make in it.

4．With the modern equipments, our work was finished ahead of time.

equipments→equipment

5．I need some boiling_water to wash down medicine after breakfast.

boiling→boiled

维度4——话题写作

1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)

①李华过去经常玩电脑游戏，他的成绩越来越糟。

Li Hua used_to_play_computer_games,_and his grades were getting worse and worse.

②老师告诉他应该确立目标，养成好习惯。

The teacher told him that he was_supposed_to_set_an_aim and form_a_good_ habit.

③对他来说放弃玩游戏是困难的，但在老师的帮助下，他远离了游戏。

To give up playing games was difficult for him, but with the help of the teacher he kept_himself_out_of_them.

④他感到越学习越觉得对学习感兴趣。

He felt that as he studied more, he became_more_interested_in_studying.

⑤他的父母为他感到骄傲。

His parents are_proud_of_him.

2．升级平淡句

(1)用it作形式主语改写句③

It_was_difficult_for_him_to_give_up_playing_games,_but_with_the_help_of_the_teacher_he_kept_himself_out_of_them.

(2)用“ the＋比较级，the＋比较级”改写句④

He_felt_that_the_more_he_studied,_the_more_interested_he_became_in_it.

3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：later, now)

Li Hua used to play computer games, and his grades were getting worse and worse.The teacher told him that he was supposed to set an aim and form a good habit.It was difficult for him to give up playing games, but with the help of the teacher he kept himself out of them.Later, he felt that the more he studied, the more interested he became in it.Now , his parents are proud of him.