2022版高考英语（外研版）一轮复习学案：必修1 Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications

[单词　拼写应用]

核心单词

1．contain vt.包括；包含

2．breakdown n．故障

3．design vt.设计

4．document n．文件

5．fantastic adj.极好的；美妙的

6．pass vt.超过；经过；(时间)过去

7．average adj.平均的

8．shorten vt.缩短

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．The book contains(contain) plenty of information on how to plant flowers.

2．Designed(design) for children，the album became popular as soon as it came out.

3．The night view of the harbour is even more_fantastic(fantastic)．

4．With time passing(pass)，they start showing care and understanding to one another.

5．We will look for ways to_shorten(shorten) the time taken to complete these tasks.

拓展单词

1．access n．接近；通路→accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的

2．defend vt.防护；防卫→defence n．保护；防卫

3．create vt.创造；发明→creation n．创造(力)→creative adj.有创造力的

4．invent vt.发明→invention n．发明→inventor n．发明者

5．permit vt.许可 n．许可证→permission n．许可

6．concentrate vi.集中(注意力、思想等)→concentration n．集中；专心

7．definite adj.明确的→definitely adv.明确地

8．independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立

9．frequent adj.频繁的→frequently adv.时常；经常→frequency n．频率

10．advantage n．优点；长处→disadvantage n．弊端；缺点

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village，so it is not accessible to the outside now.(access)

2．It's believed that hard work can create wealth but the creation of wealth also needs creative quality.(create)

3．Mr. Smith，an inventor，has invented many useful things and has made much money from his inventions.(invent)

4．His father wouldn't permit him to drive there even if he had got his driving permit.Without his father's permission，he had no choice but to go there by bus or on a bike.(permit)

5．Concentration is important for this kind of work，and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.(concentrate)

6．As a result of frequent smoking，the frequency of his asthma attack is increasing，and he coughs frequently.(frequent)

7．In fact，there are both advantages and disadvantages in online shopping.(advantage)

阅读单词

1．crash vi.(计算机)崩溃

2．keyword n．密码；口令

3．log vt.记录；登录

4．software n．软件

5．source n．来源；出处

6．data n．数据

7．network n．网络

8．percentage n．百分数；百分率

9．military adj.军事的；军队的

10．essay n．文章

11．statistics n．统计数字

12．sideways adv.斜着地

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.意欲

2．(2019·北京卷)If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team's performance.传递

3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Freddy was an average student, but not an average person.普通的

4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.撞击

[短语　多维应用]

 [句式　结构仿写]

1．contain vt.包含；包括；容纳；忍住，抑制

contain oneself 克制自己；自制

container n．容器

contain a lot of fruit and vegetables 含有大量的水果和蔬菜

contain some important information about the project 包含了有关这项工程的一些重要信息

too excited to contain himself 他激动得不能自已

[名师点津]　contain通常用来指某容器中盛有某物，装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内；include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或including sth.

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ )When the container(contain) is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube.

②When he was criticized by the boss, he was so angry that he couldn't contain himself(he)．

③Be especially careful of the information contained(contain) in advertisements when buying products.

[能力提升]——一句多译

饭后，她把一个装着一支旧钢笔的小盒子放到我手里。

①After the meal, she placed a little box containing_an_old_pen in my hand.(分词作定语)

②After the meal, she placed a little box which/that_contained_an_old_pen in my hand.(定语从句)

③After the meal, she placed a little box with_an_old_pen_contained in my hand.(with复合结构)

2．access n．接近，通路；接近(使用)的权利或机会 vt.使用；接近；进入

(1)access to ...接近……的机会；进入……的权利

have/get/gain/obtain access to ...得以接近/进入……

(2)accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的

be accessible to (对于某人是)容易接近的

(3)inaccessible adj.不可进入的；不能使用的

have access to a wide range of information on the subject 获取有关这个学科的大量信息

have access to pre­school education 享受学前教育

have difficulty gaining access to social services 难以享受社会服务

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2019·浙江卷)While restaurants throw away tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible(accessible) because of locked garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies.

②(2018·江苏卷)Kids shouldn't have access to violent films because they might imitate the things they see.

③All the sites are free to the public and accessible(access) to anyone with an Internet connection.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

普通表达：Before the Project Hope was carried out in this poor area, children couldn't get education.

高级表达：Before the Project Hope was carried out in this poor area, children had_no_access_to education.

3．design vt.设计；构思；谋划 n．设计；图案

(1)design ...for ...为……而设计……

be designed for/to do ...目的是……

be designed as 被设置为……

(2)by design 有意地，故意地

be designed for English beginners like you 为像你这样的英语初学者设计的

be designed to relieve the heavy traffic 为缓解交通而设计的

several designs for the new bridge 新桥的几种不同的设计图

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2019·天津卷)Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially designed(design) to help them succeed academically and personally.

②She arrived just as we were leaving, but whether this was by accident or by design I'm not sure.

[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级

设计这个项目本来是要帮助那些失业的人，结果却和计划不一样。

普通表达：The programme was designed to help jobless people in need, but it just didn't work out as planned.

①高级表达：The programme designed_to_help_jobless_people_in_need just didn't work out as planned.(分词作定语)

②高级表达：The programme that/which_was_designed_to_help_jobless_ people_in_need just didn't work out as planned.(定语从句)

[联想发散]　表示“故意”与“偶然”的词语小结

(1)故意地：①be design　②on purpose　③deliberately

(2)偶然地：①by chance　②by accident　③accidentally

4．concentrate v．集中(注意力、思想等)；集中于

(1)concentrate on/upon 专心于

concentrate ...on/upon ...把……专心于……

(2)concentration n．专心， 集中

concentrate our attention on protecting the water resources 把我们的注意力集中在保护水资源上

concentrate more time and energy on their academic work 把更多的时间和精力集中于他们的学业上

aim to concentrate more on prevention than cure 力求将注意力更多地集中在预防而不是治疗上

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ )She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.

②There is a great need for greater concentration(concentrate) on environmental issues.

[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级

他正专心看书，没有注意我进来。

①He concentrated_his_attention_on_a_book and didn't notice me come in.

②With_his_attention_concentrated_on_a_book,_he didn't notice me come in. (with复合结构)

[联想发散]　表示“集中精力于……”的短语还有：

①fix/focus one's attention/mind on/upon

②be absorbed in　③bury oneself in/be buried in

④put one's heart into

5．average adj.平均的；普通的；平常的 n．平均数；平均水平 v．平均为；计算出……的平均数

an average of 平均

with the/an average of 平均为

on (the/an) average 平均起来；在一般情况下

above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均数

the average score in English 英语的平均分

with an average of about 500 customers a week 每周平均约有500个顾客

an average of nearly one million copies of all books

平均接近100万册的各种书籍

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2016·四川卷)The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.

②(2016·浙江卷)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making it the driest year since California became a state in 1850.

③To their joy, their son's schoolwork is well above average.

[能力提升]——一句多译

随着人口平均年龄的增长，越来越多的老年人需要照顾。

①As_the_average_age_of_the_population_increases,_there are more and more old people to care for.(状语从句)

②With_an_average_age_of_the_population_increases,_there are more and more old people to care for.(with复合结构)

6．consist of 由……组成；由……构成

(1)consist in 在于，存在于

consist with 与……一致/相吻合

(2)consistent adj.相容的；一致的

be consistent with 和……一致/相符

consist of not only sunshine but also hard times 不仅充满阳光而且困难重重

consist in your successful work and your contribution towards others' happiness 存在于你成功的工作和对他人幸福的贡献上

consist with the promises he made in his speech 与他在演讲中的承诺一致

[名师点津]　 consist of为及物动词短语，但是没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。其同义短语有：be composed of和be made up of。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2015·浙江卷)Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior consisting (consist) of hearing, understanding and remembering.

②Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrows while happiness and sorrows consist in struggle.

③If what you say is not consistent(consist) with what you do, it will have a bad effect on your children.

[能力提升]——一句多译

由5家小工厂组成的这家公司正面临着严重的财政危机。

①The company that/which_consists_of/is_made_up_of/is_composed_of_5_ small_factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(定语从句)

②The company consisting_of_5_small_factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(现在分词短语作定语)

③The company made_up_of/composed_of_5_small_factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(定语从句)

7．come up with 提出；想出；赶上

come up 走近；上来；被提出，被提及(无被动形式)

come about 发生；产生

come across (偶然)遇到或发现；被理解

come out 出来；出版

come to 来到(某地)；加起来总共；恢复知觉

When it comes to ...　当涉及/谈到……

come up a solution to the problem 想出这个问题的解决方法

come up with a better and more practical plan 想出一个更好更实用的计划

when it comes to educating children 当谈到教育孩子的问题时

[名师点津]　 come up的主语是物，表示(计划、建议、议题等)被提出；而come up with的主语是人或团体组织，表示(某人)提出。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Unfortunately, on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel.

②So when we come across words we don't understand, it can help us find out their meanings.

③When it comes to a choice, I prefer to go traveling rather than stay at home in summer holiday.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

普通表达：Our class thought of the idea to make better use of used materials.

高级表达：(2016·北京卷)Our class came_up_with the idea to make better use of used materials.

8．(教材P52)Berners­Lee made_it_possible_for_everyone_to_use the Internet，not just universities and the army.

贝尔纳斯·李使每个人都能使用因特网成为可能，而不仅限于大学和军队。

[句型公式]　句中为“make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.”句型， 其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为for everyone to use the Internet。

(1)make＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句

make＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do

make＋it＋no good/no use/no value ...＋doing sth.

(2)常用于这种句型的动词：make, think, consider, find, feel等。

[金句推送]　(浙江卷)Unfortunately, the trees made it impossible for people to see her from above.

不幸的是，这些树使得人们不可能从上面看到她。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Your smile is one of the strongest tools that make it possible for you to_meet(meet) new people.

②We thought it wrong that the child should be left alone in the house.

[能力提升]——句式升级

普通表达：I think reading in bed is no good and it does great harm to your eyes.

高级表达：I_think_it_no_good_reading_in_bed,_which_does_great_harm_to _your_eyes.(形式宾语＋ 非限制性定语从句)

多维训练——夯实基础

维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空

1．I received a letter containing(contain) some important information about the project.

2．The program is designed to_help(help) people who wish to teach abroad.

3．There is lots of information accessible(access) on the Internet, so the Internet is more and more important to us.

4．He makes it a rule to_take(take) part in some physical labor though he is old.

5．A team, consisting(consist) of two doctors and three policemen, was sent to search for the lost explorers.

维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词

1．As a senior high student, I think you should concentrate your attention on/upon your skills of learning.

2．On average, how much time do you spend on sports activities each week?

3．Some students came up with some good suggestions of how to run a class well.

4．House prices show no signs of going down,_which makes many who want to buy houses worried.

5．Once you leave college, you should be independent of your parents and make money of your own.

维度3——查缺补漏(单句语法填空/单句改错)

1．The war has ended but the government spending on defence(defend) is still increasing.

2．It is a creative(create) idea to make robots do housework for humans.

3．They were taken to the police station as they had entered the area without permission/being_permitted (permit)．

4．Production in the factory stopped because of frequently power failures.

frequently→frequent

5．Comparing with the place where I grew up, this town is much more exciting.

Comparing→Compared

维度4——话题写作

1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)

①我们学校作为一所规范化学校而闻名。

Our school is_known_as a standardized high school.

②在我校，每个班平均由50名学生组成。

In our school, every class consists_of_50_students_on_average.

③我们学校的阅览室设计容纳200名学生。

The reading room of our school is_designed_to_contain 200 students.

④在阅览室，我们可以专心阅读，也可以使用因特网。

In the reading room we can concentrate_our_attention_on reading and have_access_to_the_Internet_as_well.

⑤与书本相比，因特网使我们获取知识更加容易了。

Compared_with_books,_we get knowledge more easily through the Internet.

2．升级平淡句

(1)用where引导的非限制性定语从句连接句③和句④

The_reading_room_of_our_school_is_designed_to_contain_200_students,_where_we_can_concentrate_our_attention_on_reading_and_have_access_to_the_Internet_as_well.

(2)用“make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.”结构改写句⑤

Compared_with_books,_the_Internet_made_it_easier_for_us_to_get_knowledge.

3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：as well)

Our school is known as a standardized high school.In our school, every class consists of 50 students on average.The reading room of our school is designed to contain 200 students, where we can concentrate our attention on reading and have access to the Internet as well.Compared with books, the Internet made it easier for us to get knowledge.