选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics课文课件ppt

这是一份选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics课文课件ppt，文件包含2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit4EverydayeconomicsDevelopingideas课件外研版选择性必修第四册ppt、2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit4EverydayeconomicsStartingoutUnderstandingideas课件外研版选择性必修第四册ppt、2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit4EverydayeconomicsUsinglanguage课件外研版选择性必修第四册ppt等3份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共180页， 欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词1. Sweat ran dwn her ________. 　　汗水从她的额头上流下来2. their _____faces 他们木然的表情3. feel _____感到眩晕 4. realize the ________意识到潜力5. ___________yung peple 有创业精神的年轻人6. the initial _____起初阶段7. ________my prduct购买我的产品
enterprising
8. wrldwide ___________systems全球经销系统9. a decent ______可观的奖金10. seek ________寻求指导11. an expert _________专家顾问
distributin
Ⅱ. 选词填空cntribute t, dream f, mst f all, be surrunded by, access t, as t, be willing t, be fnd f 1. (2019·江苏高考)We __________ur high intelligence s that we assume that when it cmes t brain pwer, mre must be better.  2. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank r n an airplane, _____________peple wh are, like us, deeply fcused n their smartphnes r, wrse, struggling with the uncmfrtable silence.  
surrunded by
3. If we are in the habit f raising dubts ____whether what we are tld is true, we can find the crrect answer and learn mre.  4. He did nt cmprmise easily, but ____________accept any cnstructive advice fr a wrthy cause.  5. Nw Alia waited fr the war t end and __________peace and a new library.  6. It was really annying; I culdn’t get ________the data bank yu had recmmended.  
was willing t
7. He had mre jb satisfactin, a better marriage and was healthier. __________, he was happier, far happier.  8. (2018·江苏高考)Arts ____________cultural develpment when peple gather tgether t share their experience and renew their energy.  
cntribute t
Ⅰ. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构
determinatin
access t capital
Ⅱ. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息1. What is the main idea f this passage? A. Hw t grw rses? B. Hw t start a new business? C. A girl’s business blssms in grwing rses. D. Hw t face bstacles?
2. Which wrds can best describe Zhang Yue? A. nervus and humurus. B. determined and enterprising. C. cncerned and grateful. D. realistic and pessimistic.
3. What can we infer frm Para. 1? A. With butterflies in her stmach, Zhang Yue gave a presentatin. B. After success, she accepted the interview. C. The fur peple gave n advice t her. D. Zhang Yue was a green finger.
4. Which isn’t the reasn fr Zhang Yue starting a business in her hme twn? A. Ideal cnditins fr grwing rses. B. Experiencing the freedm f being her wn bss. C. Giving back t her hme twn. D. Finding an ideal jb is hard abrad.
5. What is the main purpse f the passage? A. T intrduce the main reasns why yung peple chse t start their wn business. B. T analyse the prs and cns f yung peple starting their wn business. C. T encurage all yung peple t start their wn business after graduatin. D. T help yung peple think mre realistically befre starting their wn business. 答案: 1～5. CBADD
Ⅲ. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。(1)She culdn’t, hwever, hide the line f sweat running dwn her frehead(分词作定语), which was caused partly by the heat f the televisin studi(which引导的非限制性定语从句), but mre by fear f the fur peple seated in frnt f her.  译文: 然而, 她无法掩饰____________________________________________,更多的是因为害怕坐在她前面的四个人。
额头上流淌的汗水, 部分是由于电视演播室的高温
(2)The biggest challenge at the initial phase was t persuade peple t wrk fr me(t d 不定式作表语), which was ttally utside my experience(which引导的非限制性定语从句).  译文: 在最初阶段, 最大的挑战是______________________________________。(3)Seeing her peers(分词作状语表时间)wh als dream f success and independence(wh引导的定语从句), Zhang has mixed feelings.  译文: _________________________________, 张喜忧参半。
说服人们为我工作, 这完全超出了我的经验
看到同样梦想着成功和独立的同龄人
2. 阅读主题活动。(1)What d yu think has cntributed t Zhang Yue’s success? Her sund business plan, passin and devtin. The supprt frm mre experienced peple, such as investment and guidance.  (2)Have yu ever thught abut starting yur wn business? Give yur reasns. Yes, because I can experience the freedm f being my wn bss just like Zhang Yue and I can apply what I have learnt t practice.  
1. take a deep breath深吸一口气*Feeling dizzy, Zhang Yue tk a deep breath as she struggled t finish her presentatin. 感到头晕的张月深吸了一口气, 努力完成她的演讲。*Vic tld me that he culd hld his breath fr mre than tw minutes underwater. 维克跟我说他可以在水中憋气超过两分钟。*The best activities fr stamina are fairly energetic; they need t get yu slightly ut f breath. 最能够锻炼耐力的是那些需要一定体能、能让人呼吸稍感急促的活动。
*If yu run very fast, yu may lse yur breath. 如果你跑得很快, 你可能会喘不过气来。*We have t breathe in and ut s many times a minute. 每分钟我们都得呼吸那么多次。
【语块积累】hld ne’s breath　屏住呼吸ut f breath上气不接下气lse ne’s breath喘不过气来breathe in吸气; 吸入(气体)breathe ut呼气; 呼出(气体)
【即学活用】 语法填空。(1)We lifted ur heads t breathe __ the fresh, clear air. (2)Her lips parted as if she were abut t take __ deep breath. (3)He held his ______ (breathe)while the results were read ut.
2. ptential n. (事物的)潜力, 可能性　adj. 潜在的*It was nly after graduating frm university verseas and returning t visit her parents that he realised the ptential. 直到在海外大学毕业, 回国看望父母后, 他才意识到了这种潜力。*(2019·天津高考)Anyne can calculate their bilgical age, identify ptential risks and take steps t imprve their wn health in the lng run. 任何人都可以计算自己的生物年龄, 识别潜在风险, 并采取措施改善自己的长期健康状况。
*The cmpany in the charge f the chairwman certainly has the ptential fr grwth. 由女会长掌管的那家公司肯定有发展潜力。 词汇复现*Numerus patients didn’t realize the ptential risks t health assciated with the drug. 大量的病人没有意识到这种药物对健康的潜在危害。 词汇复现
【语块积累】the ptential f (ding)sth. 　(做)某事的可能性/潜力have the ptential t d sth. 有潜力做某事
【即学活用】(1)语法填空。①Peple wh d nt smke have less ptential __ suffering frm lung cancer than thse wh smke. ②He has the ptential __ be appinted as manager this year. (2)Cnsidering that Frank didn’t _____________________the imprtant wrk well, the bss fired him.  考虑到富兰克没有做好这份重要工作的潜力, 老板开除了他。
have the ptential t d
3. enterprising adj. 有创业精神的; 有事业心的; 有进取心的 *All ver the wrld, an increasing number f enterprising yung peple are thinking f starting their wn businesses, as the grwing ecnmy creates mre pprtunities. 在世界各地, 越来越多有进取心的年轻人正在考虑创业, 因为经济增长创造了更多的机会。*There are plenty f small industrial enterprises. 有许多小型工业企业。
*The trainee didn’t anticipated that he wuld get a jb in which enterprise was rewarded.  这个实习生没有预料到他会得到一个对事业进取精神有回报的工作。词汇复现*He was eager t return t a mre entrepreneurial rle in which he had a big financial stake in his wn effrts. 他渴望回到一个更多参与创业的角色, 那样他所付出的努力会与自己的经济利益息息相关。
【语块积累】enterprise 　　n. 公司; 企业; 事业(心); 进取心; 创业精神entrepreneurial adj. 创业的; 具有创业精神的
【即学活用】(1)写出下列句子中的画线部分的汉语释义。①Debra is a very enterprising yung black businesswman wh is invlved in a lt f activities. ( )②The cuple have been wrking in the small and medium-sized enterprise ever since they graduated. ( )③Researchers pay attentin t individual behavir as well as entrepreneurial team. ( )
(2)The emplyees wrking in this _________ are ___________. 在这家企业工作的员工有进取心。
4. purchase v. 购买　n. 购买; 购买的东西*If yu are nt satisfied with yur purchase we will give yu a full refund. 所购之物若不合意, 我们将全额退款。*Mst f thse shares were purchased frm brkers. 大部分的股份是从经纪人手中购得的。*I need t get a purchase rder fr a marketing campaign. 我需要拿一张订购单, 为一个营销活动采购。*The shepherd living in a temple has sme purchases t make in twn.  住在寺庙的这个牧羊人要去城里买些东西。词汇复现
【语块积累】(1)purchase sth. fr sb. 为某人买某物purchase sth. fr+mney买某物花多少钱purchase sth. frm从……购买某物(2)the purchase f对……的购买(3)purchaser n. 购买人; 采购员; 买主
【即学活用】(1)语法填空。①Amng his _________ (purchase)were several tins f beans. ②With the Spring Festival appraching, train tickets must ____________(purchase)tw weeks in advance.  (2)用purchase进行同义句转换。He paid ￥ 200, 000 fr his new car. =_____________________________________ 
be purchased
He purchased his new car fr ￥ 200, 000.
5. cnsultant n. 顾问*Our cmpany didn’t have a specialist, s we hired a cnsultant. 我们的公司没有一位专家, 所以我们聘用了一位顾问。*It is recmmended that yu shuld cnsult yur dctr. 建议你去咨询医生。*If yu have n idea abut it, cnsult a dictinary, please. 要是你对这个问题不清楚, 请你查字典。*Befre firing the new emplyee, the manager cnsulted with the bard abut it. 经理在解雇那名新员工之前和董事会商议过。
【语块积累】cnsult　　　　　　　　　v. 请教; 咨询; 查阅cnsult (with)sb. abut sth. 就某事向某人咨询; 与某人商量某事
【巧学助记】语境助记cnsultShe is cnsulting with her deskmate whether t cnsult their teacher r t cnsult a dictinary n the questin. 关于这个问题, 她正和同桌商议是请教老师还是查阅词典。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空。①Tm cnsulted ____ his brther n his plan. ②His wrk as a _________ (cnsult)cnsisted in advising freign cmpanies n the siting f new factries. (2)根据语境猜测词义。①Shirley’s brther is nw a cnsultant heart surgen in Sweden. ( )② Cnsult the chart n page 44 fr the crrect cking times. ( )③Everybdy likes t cnsult with him abut their prblems; large r small. ( )
6. access t 接近, 去……的通路, 使用……的机会(权利)*What really matters is a sund business plan, access t capital, and gd management and negtiating skills. 真正重要的是一个健全的商业计划, 资金的获取, 以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。*The nly access t the farmhuse is acrss the fields. 去那间农舍的唯一道路是穿过田野。 *Villagers say the fence wuld restrict public access t the hills. 村民们说这个围栏将限制公众进入山区。
*They nw have access t the mass markets f Japan and the UK. 他们现在进入了日本和英国的大众市场。*The cuntry has n access t freign lans r financial aid. 该国得不到任何外国贷款或经济援助。
【语块积累】(1)have/get/gain/btain access t. . . 　　　　　　　可以接近/会见/进入……(2)accessible adj. 可进入的; 可使用的be accessible t可进入……; 可使用……; 易接近……
【即学活用】(1)语法填空。①(2018·江苏高考)Kids shuldn’t have access __ vilent films because they might imitate the things they see. ②All the sites are free t the public and _________ (access)t anyne with an Internet cnnectin. ③Fallen rcks cut ff the nly ______ t the village, s it is nt _________ t utside nw. (access)
(2)一句多译。住在这里的人可以免费去那个游泳池。①___________________________________________________. (access) ②______________________________________________________. (accessible) 
Peple living here get access t that swimming pl fr free
Peple living here are accessible t that swimming pl fr free
7. They stared back, their blank faces giving n clue as t what they wuld say next.  他们回望着我, 脸上毫无表情, 不知道接下来要说什么。
【句式解构】句子中 their blank faces giving n clue 为“逻辑主语+ 现在分词”的独立主格结构。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致, 它独立存在。*Head dwn, eyes n my smartphne, I stepped int the rad and a car sht past, missing me by centimeters. 我低着头, 眼睛盯着智能手机, 走到马路上, 一辆车飞驰而过, 离我差了几厘米。
*Mary has written tw nvels , bth f them having been made int televisin series. 玛丽已经写了两部小说, 都被拍成了电视剧。*All the tickets sld when they arrived, they went away, disappinted. 当他们到达的时候, 票都卖光了, 他们失望地走开了。
【名师点津】独立主格结构该结构一般作状语, 表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等, 常见的独立主格结构是: (1)名词/代词+ 名词(2)名词/代词+ 形容词/副词/介词短语(3)名词/代词+ 现在分词/ 过去分词/ 不定式
【即学活用】(1)语法填空。①Lts f wrk _____(d), I have t stay at hme all day.  ②Then she leapt backwards, back ______ (arch)and fur n end, tail held ut stiffly. (2)①我手里拿着剑跟着他。_______________________________.  ②The human bdy is cmpsed f rgans, ___________________________(每一个都有特定的工作去做).  
I fllwed him here, swrd in hand
each having a definite jb t d
(3)句型转换。The trees there are extremely tall, and sme measures ver 90 meters. →The trees there are extremely tall, sme __________ ver 90 meters.
8. It was nly then that the lcals began t believe me.  直到那时, 当地人才开始相信我。【句式解构】本句为强调句型, 强调的是时间状语“then”。*These things were real, and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw bth beauty and ptential. 这些都是真实的, 坎宁安在他们的真实中看到了美和潜力。*Mary feeds the dg every mrning at 8 a. m. 玛丽每天早晨8点喂狗。
(1)强调主语Mary: It is Mary wh/that feeds the dg every mrning at 8 a. m. . (2)强调宾语 the dg: It is the dg that Mary feeds every mrning at 8 a. m. . (3)强调状语①强调时间: It is every mrning at 8 a. m. that Mary feeds the dg. ②强调地点: It is in the garden that Mary feeds the dg every mrning at 8 a. m. . Mary是在花园里喂的狗。注意不能用where代替 that, 同样, 如果强调时间状语, 不能使用when。
【名师点津】强调句型知多少(1)强调句型中的it 不能用其他词代替。(2)用is 还是was 要根据原句的时态而定: 属于现在或将来时间范畴的所有时态用is; 属于过去时间范畴的所有时态用was。(3)被强调部分指人时, 可以用wh 代替that, 其他情况一律用that。如果强调时间状语不能用 when 代替 that, 同样, 如果强调地点状语, 不能使用 where。(4)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法: 去掉it is/was 与that/wh, 剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确, 则为强调句型, 否则就不是。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空。①Yu are waiting at a wrng place. It is at the htel ____ the cach picks up turists. ② __ is my father that/wh will have a face-t-face talk with me. ③It was when I gt back t my apartment ____ I first came acrss my new neighbrs. ④It was because f their help ____ a disaster was avided. (2)父母关心的是孩子的安全。(强调宾语)______________________ parents are cncerned abut.  
It is children’s safety that
【要点拾遗】1. distributin n. (商品的)分销, 经销; 分配; 分布; 分发; 分送*After I went n TV, a majr Asian manufacture f csmetics was willing t purchase my prduct and help with its distributin. 我上电视后, 一家亚洲主要化妆品制造商愿意购买我的产品并帮助其分销。*Sme f the victims are cmplaining ludly abut the uneven distributin f emergency aid. 其中一些灾民大声地抱怨紧急援助物资分配不均。
*The key fcus f the marketing mix will be n price and distributin. 营销组合的重点将放在价格与配送上。*The rganizatin distributed fd t the earthquake victims. 这个机构向地震灾民分发了食品。
【语块积累】distribute 　　　　　　v. 分发; 分配; 分销; 使散开; 使分布; 分散distribute. . . amng. . . 在……之间分发……
【即学活用】语法填空。(1)The map shws the ___________ (distribute)f this species acrss the wrld. (2)The mney was distributed ______ schls in the area.
2. guidance n. 指导; 引导; 导航*She advises that peple be realistic and seek guidance frm expert cnsultants befre rushing int things. 她建议人们实事求是, 在仓促行事之前, 先征求专家顾问的意见。*The guidance systems didn’t wrk and the missile culdn’t hit its target. 导航系统失灵, 导弹未能命中目标。
*We hired a lcal guide t get us acrss the muntains. 我们雇了一名当地人做向导带领我们翻山越岭。*She guided us thrugh the busy streets t the cathedral. 她带领我们穿过繁忙的街道去大教堂。
【语块积累】guide　　　　　　　n. 指南; 导游, 向导 vt. 指导; 引路under ne’s guidance在某人的指导下
【即学活用】 完成句子。(1)________________________(在他姐姐的指导下), he cmpleted my prject.  (2)When the meeting was ver, the secretary ______________________(带领这名新员工到)the manager’s ffice.  (3)There is ___________(一名导游) n every bus.  (4)The stranger _________________(带领我穿过)the nisy street.  
Under his sister’s guidance
guided the new wrker t
a tur guide
guided me thrugh
3. A few, like Zhang Yue, find themselves lucky enugh t get investment and the all-imprtant input and supprt frm mre experienced business peple.  像张月这样的少数人发现自己很幸运, 能够从拥有更多经验的商人那里获得投资和重要的投入和支持。
【句式解构】本句为“find + 宾语+宾语补足语”结构, 表示“发现……处于某种状态”。*Mary hurried there, nly t find them ut. 玛丽匆匆赶到那里, 结果却发现他们都出去了。 *When he wke up, he fund himself in hspital. 当他醒来时, 发现自己在医院里。
*I fund a number f peple already wrking there. 我发现很多人已经在那里工作了。 *The ld man fund his hmetwn much changed. 这位老人发现自己的家乡有了很大的变化。
【名师点津】　　“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构, 表示“发现……处于某种状态”, 宾语补足语可由名词/形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词充当。若宾语与宾语补足语之间为主动关系, 要用ding作宾语补足语, 若为被动关系, 则用dne。　　类似的能接名词/形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词作宾语补足语的还有: keep/leave/+宾语+宾语补足语　使. . . ……处于某状态with+宾语+宾语补足语, 宾语补足语还可以用t d表示动作尚未发生。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空。①We went hme, finding ur pet dg _____ (fix)its eyes n an insect. ②T imprve ur linguistic skills, many f us have t endure hurs f schl lessns r evening classes, with ur heads ______ (bury) in textbks.  (2)Yu will _____________________.  你会发现她是一个漂亮的女孩。(3)The cup ________________.  杯子被发现破了。
find her a beautiful girl
was fund brken
4. She advises that peple be realistic and seek guidance frm expert cnsultants befre rushing int things. 她建议人们实事求是, 在仓促行事之前, 先征求专家顾问的意见。 【句式解构】此句为advise后跟从句用虚拟语气即“(shuld+)动词原形”。
【名师点津】后跟名词性从句, 从句谓语用“(shuld+)动词原形”的动词: 一个“坚持”(insist); 两道“命令”(rder, cmmand); 四条“建议”(suggest, prpse, advise, recmmend); 四点“要求”(demand, desire, request, ask)。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空。①The wrkers in the factry demanded that their pay ________(raise) by 20 percent.  ②He advised his grandma that she ____________(make)gd use f her spare time. (2)The dctr demanded that Mary ________________________________________ (在工作和玩耍之间保持平衡).  
(shuld)make
(shuld)keep a balance between wrk and
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2. Mre than 20, 000 Facebk emplyees had searchable access t thse accunts. The investigatin is nging, but already the cmpany has fund vulnerable data that dates back t 2012, writes Krebs. 超过2万名Facebk员工可以搜索访问这些账户。这项调查仍在进行中, 但是该公司已经发现了可以追溯到2012年的易受攻击的数据, 克雷布斯写道。
3. Lckdwns have been a cntrversial aspect f the COVID-19 pandemic. Yes, they undubtedly save lives, but they als cause majr nging ecnmic issues—disrupting industries, causing jb lsses and assciated financial pain. 新冠疫情期间的居家隔离饱受争议。毫无疑问, 居家隔离能挽救生命, 但也会造成重大经济问题, 各行各业停摆, 造成失业和相关经济损失。
4. The final result is a calrie-free sweetener withut many f the cncerns f bth sugar and ther sugar substitutes. 最终获得的甜味剂不含热量, 省去了对糖和糖替代品的诸多担忧。
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. Yu need a passwrd t get access __ the cmputer system. 2. They advise that a passprt _________(carry)with yu at all times.  3. She pened the bx and lked at her _________ (purchase), which were appealing. 4. If a ck is fund ________ (smke), he will be fired.
5. It was nt what he said but what he did ____ had an effect n me. 6. Our eyes _____ (fix)n her, she came in, with butterflies in her stmach. 7. The cmpany has gradually expanded its ___________ (distribute)netwrk t include Canada and Mexic.
Ⅱ. 句型转换 1. We came t this small twn, hping t live a simple life. =We came t this small twn ____________ living a simple life. (介词短语作状语) 2. I find that he is willing t learn English. =I find __________t learn English. (find+宾语+宾语补足语) 3. The minister advised him t leave as sn as pssible. =The minister advised _________________ as sn as pssible. (虚拟语气) 
in the hpe f
him willing
that he shuld leave
4. Because the water had risen, they culd nt crss the river. (转化成强调句型 )_____________________________________________________________5. In the presence f s many peple he was little tense, and it was understandable. (which引导非限制性定语从句)_____________________________________________________________________ 
It was because the water had risen that they culd nt crss the river.  
In the presence f s many peple he was little tense, which was
understandable.
Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. Their rm was n the third flr, its windw __________________________.  他们的房间在第三层楼上, 窗户俯视着操场。2. ______________________, he still made the same mistake.  他被批评了很多次, 但还是犯了同样的错误。3. _______________________________ I knew the truth.  只是在他告诉了我之后, 我才知道这个真相。
verlking the sprts grund
Criticized fr many times
It was nly after he had tld me that
4. When yu see a studi quality pht, ______________ and d sme mre nvestigatins.  当你看到工作室质量的照片, 退后一步, 做更多的调查。5. He changed his mind again, _____________________.  他又改变了主意, 这使我们大家都生气了。
take a step back
which made us all angry
Ⅳ. 结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型, 根据提示写一篇50词左右的短文 。1. 有许多年轻的创业者梦想着成功和独立。(dream f )2. 但我建议, 他们应该实事求是, 在急于求成之前先向专家顾问寻求指导。(advise的虚拟语气/rush int)3. 最重要的是, 不要太有野心, 要为一路上的挑战做好准备。(advice的虚拟语气/名词性从句)4. 我认为这些建议有助于他们成功。(cntribute t)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There are many yung entrepreneurs dreaming f success and independence. But I advise that they shuld be realistic and seek guidance frm expert cnsultants befre rushing int things. The mst imprtant advice is that they shuldn’t be t ambitius and be prepared fr the challenges alng the way. I think these tips can cntribute t their success.  
十　Unit 4　Starting ut & Understanding ideas【语用训练】Ⅰ. 单句语法填空1. The men lay sick n the deck, rubbing fevered chests and _________(frehead). 2. She tk ut the plate, stared _______(blank)at the dried-up fd n it, and tipped it int the bin. 3. Kids n the edge f the merry-g-rund (旋转木马)are experiencing greater frce, and therefre are getting ______(dizzy) than thse at the center.
4. But we fund 48 wmen running big cmpanies as chief executives r ___________(chairwman) thrughut the wrld, up frm 35 last year. 5. The cmpany has identified 60 ________(ptent)custmers. 6. I dare nt believe that I am a talent, but I believe that my fighting spirit and ___________(enterprise) spirit. 7. An assessment f the welfare system wuld invlve careful study f its ______(input) and utputs.
8. Steam, water and ice cnstitute the three ______(phase) f the same matter. 9. This kind f the tree has a very wide ___________(distribute) in this area. 10. I hpe that my ______________(entrepreneur) experience inspires yu.
entrepreneurial
Ⅱ. 选词填空cntribute t; as t; dream f; mst f all; be surrunded by; be willing t 1. We have achieved what ur frefathers never even __________.  2. Fresh air and exercise can ____________gd health.  3. __________, she learned t be self-reliant.  4. _____yur final grade, that depends n yur final examinatin.  5. If yu ____________sell, we’ll buy.  6. He _________________reprters wh had been lying in wait fr him.  
are willing t
was surrunded by
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空 The prgramme—Yung start-ups had an interview 1. ____Zhang Yue, chairwman f Rse Valley C. , Ltd. Firstly, she intrduced the general situatin f the cmpany. It was ne f the best rse prducers in Asia and a majr Asian manufacturer f csmetics was willing 2. __________(purchase) her prducts and help with its distributin. Then, she tld us the reasn why she 3. ______ (start) a business in her hmetwn. Nt nly were cnditins ideal in her hmetwn fr grwing rses 4. ___ als she wanted t give smething back t her hmetwn. Mst imprtantly. She wanted t experience the freedm f being her wn bss.
5. ________, n the way t success she met with many bstacles, the biggest f 6. ______was t persuade peple t wrk fr her. Finally, she gave sme advice fr yung entrepreneurs. On ne hand, they shuld be realistic and seek 7. ________(guide)frm expert cnsultants befre rushing int things. On 8. ___ther hand, they need mre than a gd idea, hard wrk and determinatin. 9. _____really matters is a sund business plan, access t capital, and gd management and negtiating skills. Mst f all, dn’t be t 10. _________(ambitin). They shuld knw their wn limits and thse f the peple they wrk with.  
完成句子1. My cusin went t Shenzhen, ______________________.  我表兄去了深圳, 希望在那儿找份工作。(现在分词作状语)2. ___________________, Nadia had nly tw years f schling. 由于出生于贫寒家庭, 纳迪亚只上过两年学。(过去分词作状语) 3. _________________________all this happened.  所有这一切发生在周一晚上。(It is/was+被强调的部分+that/wh+原句其他部分)
hping t find a jb there
Brn in a pr family
It was n Mnday night that
4. She tre up my phts, ______________. 她撕碎了我的照片, 这使我很难过。(which引导非限制性定语从句) 5. We advise that ___________________________.  我们建议立即采取措施。(advise 虚拟语气)
which upset me
steps (shuld) be taken at nce
【主题阅读】Ⅰ. 阅读理解A(2021·包头高二检测) Having a smart phne may nt be as smart as yu think. They may let yu surf the Internet, listen t music and take phts wherever yu are. . . but they als turn yu int a wrkahlic(工作狂), it seems.
A study suggests that, by giving yu access t emails at all times, the smart phne adds as much as tw hurs t yur wrking day. Experts fund that British peple wrk an additinal 460 hurs a year n average as they are able t respnd t emails n their mbiles. The study shws the average UK wrking day is between 9 and 10 hurs, but 2 mre hurs is spent respnding t r sending wrk emails, r making wrk calls.
Almst ne in ten admits spending up t three hurs utside their nrmal wrking day checking wrk emails. Sme wrkers say they are n call almst 24 hurs a day. Nearly tw-thirds say they ften check wrk emails just befre they g t bed and as sn as they wake up, while ver a third have replied t ne in the middle f the night. The average time fr first checking emails is between 6 a. m and 7 a. m, with mre than a third checking their first email in the perid, and a quarter checking them between 11p. m. and midnight.
Ghadi Hbeika, marketing directr f Pixmania, said: “The ability t access millins f Apps has made smart phne invaluable fr many peple. Hwever, there are disadvantages. Many cmpanies expect their emplyees t be n call 24 hurs a day, seven days a week, and smart phnes mean that peple cannt get away frm wrk. The mre frequently in cntact we becme, the mre is expected f us in a wrk capacity. ”
【文章大意】这篇文章主要介绍了使用智能手机也许并不像你想的那样明智。使用智能手机可以让你随时随地上网、听音乐、拍照片, 但也可能让你变成工作狂。最新调查显示, 智能手机能让你随时查收邮件, 这可能会让你每天的工作时间延长多达两个小时。
1. With a smart phne the average UK wrking day is______.  A. 11 t 12 hurs　　　B. 9 t 10 hursC. 8 hursD. 2 hurs【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的The study shws the average UK wrking day is between 9 and 10 hurs, but 2 mre hurs is spent respnding t r sending wrk emails, r making wrk calls. 可知英国的平均工作日工作时间为9至10个小时, 但使用智能手机会延长到11至12小时, 故选A。
2. We can learn frm the text that the British peple______.  A. prefer t check emails in the mrningB. are crazy abut different smart phneC. wrk mre hurs with smart phnesD. shrten their nrmal wrking hurs
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的A study suggests that, by giving yu access t emails at all times, the smart phne adds as much as tw hurs t yur wrking day. 可知, 有了智能手机, 英国人工作时间更长, 故选C。
3. What des the underlined wrd “invaluable” mean? A. Useless. B. Necessary. C. Expensive. D. Cheap.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段画线词后两句可知, 此处表转折, 表示“智能手机”也有缺点, 许多公司希望他们的员工能够每天24小时随时等待电话通知, 智能手机使得人们无法从工作中抽身。从而可以猜测出画线词之前的内容在讲智能手机的优点。故此处invaluable表达“极为重要的”之意, 故选B。
4. What des Ghadi Hbeika feel abut smart phnes? A. They are unimprtant fr mst f peple. B. They have disadvantages fr sme cmpanies. C. They are useful t imprve a wrk ability. D. They make it impssible fr peple t rest.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Hwever, there are disadvantages. Many cmpanies expect their emplyees t be n call 24 hurs a day, seven days a week, and smart phnes mean that peple cannt get away frm wrk. The mre frequently in cntact we becme, the mre is expected f us in a wrk capacity. 可知, Ghadi Hbeika认为智能手机让人们很难得到休息, 故选D。
B(2021·十堰高二检测) Ecnmists have studied hw markets wrk fr a lng time. Generally, they wrk well. But markets d nt always perfrm as expected. Jean Tirle f France wn the Nbel Prize in Ecnmics fr studying why markets are imperfect, r inefficient, and what gvernments can d t regulate them.
The Nbel prize cmmittee annunced the $1. 1 millin prize in Stckhlm t Jean Tirle. It called Mr Tirle“ne f the mst influential ecnmists f ur time”. The rganizatin said he had dne imprtant research in a number f areas. But it said, “mst f all he has clarified hw t understand and regulate industries with nly a few pwerful firms. ”
Mr Tirle wrks at the Tuluse Schl f Ecnmics in Tuluse, France. He is 61 years ld. Fr abut 30 years, Mr Tirle has researched perids when markets failed, that is, when they did nt prvide gd results in price and cmpetitin. He lked at hw a small number f large cmpanies, r even a single cmpany, can strngly influence industries. Banking and telecmmunicatins were amng the industries he studied.
The Nbel cmmittee said that unregulated markets ften prduce scially undesirable results. They can result in higher prices r cmpanies that use their market psitin t blck thers. The cmmittee said it chse Mr Tirle because he thught abut hw best t regulate markets. Fr example, Tre Ellingsen, Chairman f the cmmittee that awards the ecnmics prize, says Mr Tirle shwed the need t develp better rules fr the banking industry. This became urgent after the wrld financial crisis f 2008—2009.
The ecnmics prize is called the Bank f Sweden Prize in Ecnmic Sciences in Memry f Alflred Nbel. Alfred Nbel did nt establish the prize. It was first presented in 1969. 【文章大意】本文讲了法国的Jean Tirle 赢得诺贝尔经济学奖的事。Jean Tirle获得诺贝尔经济学奖是因为他研究了市场不完美、无效的原因以及政府如何做来调整市场。
5. The passage tells us that Jean Tirle______.  A. has studied the ecnmics in SwedenB. is the first t win the Nbel Prize in EcnmicsC. is highly praised by Chairman f the cmmitteeD. has made regulatins fr large cmpanies
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据Tre Ellingsen, Chairman f the cmmittee that awards the ecnmics prize, says Mr Tirle shwed the need t develp better rules fr the banking industry. 可知, 诺贝尔委员会主席亲自颁发这一奖项给Jean Tirle, Tirle表明需要为银行业制定更好的规则。委员会主席非常赞赏他。故选C。
6. What can we learn frm the passage? A. Jean Tirle’s research made the markets imperfect r inefficient. B. Banking and telecmmunicatins are strngly influential industries. C. The wrld financial crisis f 2008—2009 regulated the markets. D. Alfred Nbel was unwilling t establish ecnmics prize.
【解析】选B。 推理判断题。根据Banking and telecmmunicatins were amng the industries he studied. 可知, 银行和电信是他研究的行业, 说明银行和电信是影响较大的行业。2008—2009世界经济危机后银行业需要规范的情况最紧急; Alfred Nbel did nt establish the prize. 没有说不愿意。故选B。
7. The underlined wrd“undesirable”in Paragraph 4 can best be replaced by______.  A. harmfulB. unbelievableC. beneficialD. cnvincing
【解析】选A。 词义推测题。harmful有害的; unbelievable不可信的; beneficial有益的; cnvincing有信服力的。undesirable所在的句子的意思是: 诺贝尔委员会说不受管制的市场往往产生不良的社会结果。下一句的意思是: 它们可能会导致更高的价格或有的公司利用其市场地位来限制其他公司。故选A。
8. What is the article mainly abut? A. The life f Jean Tirle. B. The research f Jean Tirle. C. The histry f Nbel Prize in Ecnmics. D. Jean Tirle Wins Nbel Ecnmics Prize. 【解析】选D。 主旨大意题。本文主要讲了Jean Tirle 赢得诺贝尔经济学奖的事。故选D。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句Hw t Start a Business Unemplyment rate is s high in present sciety that many yung peple are thinking abut starting their wn business. Hwever, setting up n yur wn will by n means be easy. 　1　  Make a business plan. If yu decide t start a business, the first thing yu must d is t draw up a realistic business plan—this is a wrking dcument that describes the business, its bjectives, its financial frecasts and s n. 　2　 
　3　  Once yu have a detailed business plan and enugh evidence t believe that yur idea is viable(可行的), it is time t g and see the bank manager. It is imprtant t shp arund t find which bank ffers the best deal and wh yu feel mst cmfrtable with. Make sure what yu’re getting is right fr yu and yur business.
Develp a survival strategy. 　4　One f the biggest stumbling blcks t peple starting a business can be understanding all the legislatin. That can be tax, emplyment, trade, health and safety r envirnment. It can be cnfusing if yu have never run yur wn business.   Get yurself nticed. In rder t make yur business a success, yu must ensure that cnsumers knw it exists. 　5　 Fr example, if yu are running a lcal plumbing cmpany, then delivering leaflets in yur area wuld be the best ptin.  
A. S it is really imprtant t make a business plan. B. The tips belw may help yu t start a business. C. A bank wuld nt cnsider lending mney unless yu shw a detailed business plan. D. Be sure t attract much attentin. E. Chsing hw t advertise depends n the type f the business. F. Get access t finance. G. Make sure yu are running yur business crrectly by the law.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要给自主创业的人提出了一些建议。1. 【解析】选B。本空总括文章第一段的内容并用来引起下文中的建议。故选B项。2. 【解析】选C。根据小标题“做一个创业计划”可知下文肯定要说创业计划的重要性, C项“如果没有详细的创业计划, 银行是不会考虑给你贷款的”符合题意。故选C项。3. 【解析】选F。根据下文的内容“找银行贷款”可知是要 “获得资金支援”。 故选F项。
4. 【解析】选G。根据下文“can be understanding all the legislatin”可知G项“确保你是依法经营”符合题意。故选G项。5. 【解析】选E。根据小标题可知, 这个段落是讲如何把自己宣传出去, 让消费者知道你的公司的存在。空后举了一个具体事例进行说明, 故选E项。
完形填空(2021·福州高二检测) President Clidge’s statement, “The business f America is business, ” still pints t an imprtant truth tday—that business institutins have mre prestige(威望)in American sciety than any ther kind f rganizatin, including the gvernment. Why d business institutins 　1　 this great prestige?  
One reasn is that Americans 　2　 business as being mre firmly based n the ideal f 　3　 than ther institutins in sciety. Since cmpetitin is seen as the majr 　4　 f prgress and prsperity by mst Americans, cmpetitive business institutins are 　5　 . Cmpetitin is nt nly gd in itself, it is the means by which ther basic American 　6　 such as individual freedm, equality f pprtunity, and hard wrk are prtected.  
Cmpetitin 　7　 the freedm f the individual by ensuring that there is n mnply(垄断)f pwer. In cntrast t ne all-pwerful gvernment, many businesses cmpete against each ther fr 　8　 . Theretically, if ne business tries t take unfair advantage f its custmers, it will lse t cmpeting business which treats its custmers mre fairly. Where many businesses cmpete fr the custmers’ dllars, they cannt affrd t 　9　 them like inferirs r slaves.  
A 　10　 is ften made between business, which is cmpetitive, and 　11　 , which is a mnply. Because business is cmpetitive, many Americans believe that it is mre supprtive f freedm than gvernment, even thugh gvernment leaders are elected by the peple and business leaders are nt. Many Americans believe, then, that cmpetitin is as imprtant, r even mre imprtant than demcracy in preserving 　12　 .  
Cmpetitin in business is als believed t 　13　 the ideal f equality f pprtunity. Cmpetitin is seen as an pen and fair race where success ges t the swiftest persn 　14　 his r her scial class backgrund. Cmpetitive success is cmmnly seen as the American 　15　 t scial rank based n family backgrund. Business is therefre viewed as an expressin f the idea f equality f pprtunity rather than the aristcratic(贵族的)idea f inherited privilege.  
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了美国人认为以竞争为基础的商业机构比其他机构更加坚定, 美国人可以通过商业竞争实现他们的个人价值。竞争不仅保护顾客的利益, 也会保护商业机构。竞争的工商业与垄断的政府经常形成鲜明对照。在这样的社会体制下, 美国人不依靠家庭背景决定社会地位。
1. A. qualifyB. restrictC. impressD. pssess【解析】选D。句意: 为什么商业机构拥有如此高的威望? qualify取得资格; restrict限制; impress给人印象; pssess拥有, 占有。结合上文可知商业机构拥有很高的威望。故选D。2. A. referB. viewC. reflectD. cnfirm【解析】选B。refer参考; view看待, 观察; reflect反映; cnfirm确认。结合下文business as being mre firmly based n the ideal f可知, 美国人认为商业比其他产业更坚定地建立在竞争的理想之上。短语view as意为“认为……是……”。故选B。
3. A. cmpetitinB. cperatinC. admiratinD. determinatin【解析】选A。 cmpetitin竞争; cperatin合作; admiratin钦佩; determinatin决心。结合下文cmpetitin is seen as the majr. . . 可知, 此处指商业比其他产业更坚定地建立在竞争的理想之上。故选A。
4. A. resultB. cmpnentC. surceD. resurce【解析】选C。result结果; cmpnent组成部分; surce来源; resurce资源。结合下文f prgress and prsperity by mst Americans可知, 竞争被大多数美国人视为进步和繁荣的主要源泉。故选C。5. A. estimatedB. respectedC. admittedD. rejected【解析】选B。 estimated估计; respected尊重; admitted承认; rejected拒绝。结合上文内容可知, 商业机构拥有很高的威望, 那么有竞争力的商业机构就会受到尊重。故选B。
6. A. mannersB. culturesC. valuesD. custms【解析】选C。manners礼貌; cultures文化; values价值观念; custms习俗。结合后文such as individual freedm, equality f pprtunity, and hard wrk列举的都是美国的价值观。故选C。
7. A. prtectsB. buildsC. illustratesD. presents【解析】选A。prtects保护; builds创建; illustrates说明; presents呈现。根据上文such as individual freedm, equality f pprtunity, and hard wrk are prtected可知, 竞争可以保护个人自由。故选A。
8. A. prfitsB. savingsC. cstsD. funds【解析】选A。prfits利润, 收益; savings储蓄, 存款; csts花费; funds资金。结合下文cmpete fr the custmers’ dllars可知, 企业是为了利润而相互竞争的。故选A。9. A. attendB. treatC. serveD. charge【解析】选B。句意: 在许多企业为了顾客的钱而竞争的地方, 他们不能像对待下级或奴隶那样对待顾客。 attend参加; treat对待; serve服务; charge收费。根据上文it will lse t cmpeting business which treats its custmers mre fairly可知, 此处指对待顾客的方式。故选B。
10. A. cmmentB. cmplaintC. chiceD. cntrast【解析】选D。cmment评论; cmplaint抱怨; chice选择; cntrast对比。结合上下文可知, 商业之间的竞争性与政府的垄断性形成一种对比。故选D。
11. A. departmentB. gvernmentC. businessD. ecnmy【解析】选B。department部门; gvernment政府; business生意; ecnmy经济。竞争性的商业代表着经济, 而政府往往必须是垄断性的, 由政府掌控。二者形成对比。下文中it is mre supprtive f freedm than gvernment也体现了此处指的是垄断性的政府。故选B。
12. A. securityB. pricesC. freedmD. discipline【解析】选C。security安全; prices价格; freedm自由; discipline纪律。根据上文“由于商业竞争激烈, 许多美国人认为商业比政府更能支持自由, 尽管政府领导人是由人民选举出来的, 而企业领导人则不是。”可知, 此处是在讨论个人自由的问题, 故选C。
13. A. strengthenB. defineC. cherishD. supervise【解析】选A。strengthen加强; define定义; cherish珍惜; supervise监督。结合下文Cmpetitin is seen as an pen and fair race where success ges t the swiftest persn可知, 竞争被视为一场公开而公平的竞赛, 胜利属于跑得最快的人, 那么竞争也被认为加强了机会均等的理想。故选A。
14. A. as a result fB. by means fC. in terms fD. regardless f【解析】选D。as a result f由于; by means f依靠; in terms f按照; regardless f无论, 不顾。根据上文Cmpetitin is seen as an pen and fair race可知, 竞争被视为一场公开而公平的竞赛, 那么无论(regardless f)这个人的社会阶层背景如何, 成功总是属于跑得最快的人。故选D。