2. 掌握并运用句型如I’ve never been to the American Computer Museum. Last year, I went to… It also encourage governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future.

【过程与方法】

通过pair work和group work的形式，使学生熟练运用本单元的语法和句型，锻炼学生的口语交际能力。

【情感、态度与价值观】

通过本课的学习，相互交流曾经旅游过的地方，增长知识，开拓学生的事业，热爱组稿壮丽河山。励志学习，积极进取。

教学重难点

【教学重点】

运用语法要点中的句型和他人进行对话，询问他人曾经去过的地方。

【教学难点】

have/has been to与have/has gone to的区别

教学准备

图片、视频、多媒体等

教学过程

Step 1 Greetings and Revision

Greet the class as usual and check th e homework.

Ask students to read the sentences of Grammar focus aloud.

Step 2 Learn the Present Perfect Tense

1. 用法：

肯定式否定式

I/You/We/They have finished the work.

He/She/It has finished the work.

I/You/We/They have not finished the work.

He/She/It has not finished the work.

构成：

have(助动词) + p.p has(第三人称单数助动词) + p.p

疑问式及回答

Have I/you finished the work? Has he/she finished the work?

Yes, you/I have.

No, you/I haven’t. Yes, he/she has. No, he/she hasn’t.

have not 常缩略为haven’t has not 常缩略为hasn’t

现在完成时的用法

Have you had your lunch yet?

Yes, I have. I have just had it.(现在我不饿了）

表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

I haven’t seen her th ese days.

I have known Bob for three years.

I’ve been at this school for over two years.

They have lived here since 1982.

She has taught us since I came to this school.

某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（包括现在）的动作或者状态，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的是延续性动词。

ever 意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。

e.g. Have you ever been to Hong Kong?你曾去过香港吗？

I haven’t ever spoken to her. 我未曾和她说过话。

never意为“从来没有”常与before连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。

e.g. I have never travelled by plane before. 我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。

2. have been to & have gone to区别

比较：He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。（人已回来，可能在这儿）

He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。（人已走，不在这儿了）。

have / has been (to) 表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。

have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，反正不在这里。

3. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别

比较：I have seen the film.. 我看过这部电影。（我了解这部电影的内容）

I saw the film last month. 我上个月看了这部电影。(只说明上星期看了这部电影，不涉及现在情况）

① 一般过去时只强调过去的动作；现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响。

② 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用；现在完成时则不能与表示过

去的时间状语连用。

③ 一般过去时单纯表示过去的经历；现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态延续

到现在并可能持续下去。

一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now…

共同的时间状语有：this morning, tonight, this summer, before, already, …　

现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, in past years, …

Step 3 Exercises

(一) Finish exercises.

I. 根据括号内的要求完成下列各句，每空一词(含缩写)。

1. My parents have come back already. (改为否定句)

My parents _______ ______ back ____.

2. The boys have been to Japan lots of times. (改为一般疑问句)

_______ the boys _______ to Japan lots of times?

3. Has your sister gone to the bookstore? (作肯定回答)

_______, she _______.

4. I have been to the theme park three times. (对划线部分提问)

_____ ______ times have you been to the theme park?

5. The movie has been on for half an hour. (对划线部分提问)

_____ _______ has the movie been on?

Ⅱ. 根据括号中所给动词的提示完成下列句子或对话。

1. I ____________________ (work) in this city for 7 years.

2. — How long ______ she ______ (live) here?

— Since she ______ (get) a new job here.

3. How many words _____ you ______________ (learn) since two years ago?

4. My mother ____ never ________ (hear) of this man.

5. Tom _________ (be) to China twice.

(二) Finish 4a on textbook. Put the correct form of the verbs in the blanks.

1. A: Do you want ________ (come) to the space museum?

B: No, I’ve already ______ (be) there three times.

2. A: Have you _____ (see) the robots at the science museum?

B: Yes, I _____ (go) there last weekend.

3. A: Let’s _______ (spend) the day at the zoo.

B: Well, I’ve already ______ (be) there a couple of times, but I’m happy _______ (go) again.

4. A: How about ______ (go) to the art museum? There are some special German paintings there right now.

B: Sure. When do you want _____ (go)?

5. A: Have you ever _______ (visit) the history museum?

B: No, I’ve never ______ (be) there.

(三) Finish 4b on textbook. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

Most of us ____________ (see) Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck and other famous Disney characters in cartoons before. But have you ever ______ (be) to Disneyland? Disneyland ______ (be) an amusement park with a special theme — Disney characters and movies. There _____ (be) many exciting rides, lovely restaurants and fantastic gift shops there. You can also _____ (see) the Disney characters walking around the park. And have you ever _______ (hear) of a Disney Cruise? This ______ (be) a boat ride with a Disney theme. You can ______ (take) a ride on the boat for several days and eat and sleep on it. On the boat, you can ______ (shop) and have Disney parties before you ________ (arrive) at the Disney island.

(四) Finish 4c on textbook. Answer the survey questions and then ask your partner.