高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修3&4Unit 2 Working the land练习

Unit 2　Working the land　

Learning about Language

语法精讲·探究学习

动词-ing形式作主语和宾语

①Since then,  finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.

②As a young man,  he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.

③Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.

④However,  he doesn’t care about being famous.

⑤He enjoys listening to violin music,  playing mah-jong,  swimming and reading.

⑥Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.

⑦Just dreaming for things,  however,  costs nothing.

⑧He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.

观察上面句子, 思考黑体部分所作的成分:

以上动名词短语(加黑部分)在句中作主语的是①⑥⑦; 作动词宾语的是⑤; 作介词(短语)宾语的是②③④⑧。

概念: 动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式。

动词-ing形式的时态和语态:

　　动词-ing形式在句中的语法作用: 在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。

一、动词-ing形式作主语

1. 动词-ing形式作主语

动词-ing形式作主语时, 多表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 谓语动词多用单数形式。

*Using cocaine increases the user’s heart rate and blood pressure. 使用可卡因会加快使用者的心率并使血压升高。

*Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property. 浪费一个人的时间无异于谋财害命。

意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时, 谓语动词需用复数形式。

*Listening to the English tapes and watching English films are good ways to learn English.

听英文磁带和看英文电影是学英语的好方法。

2. 形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语

*It is no use talking to him—he won’t listen.

跟他谈没有用, 他不会听的。

*It is a waste of time talking about such useless things.

谈论这些没用的事情是在浪费时间。

【知识延伸】

(1)It is+adj. +doing sth.

It is/feels funny doing sth. 　　　　做某事(感觉)很有趣

It is useless doing sth.   做某事无用

It is worthwhile doing sth.  做某事是值得的

(2)It is a waste of+n. +doing sth.

It is a waste of time doing sth.  做某事是浪费时间

(3)It is no+ n.  +doing sth.

It is no good/no use/no fun doing sth.  做某事没好处/没用/没意思

用所给动词的适当形式填空。

(1)(2019·天津高考)Learning (learn) to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future.

(2)It is a waste of time trying (try) to persuade him to give up playing computer games.

(3)It is worthwhile reading (read) such a wonderful novel.

(4)It’s no use complaining (complain) without taking action.

二、动词-ing形式作宾语

1. 作动词的宾语

常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆:

避免错过少延期(avoid,  miss,  postpone)

建议完成多练习(advise/suggest,  finish,  practise)

喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy,  imagine,  can’t help)

承认否定与嫉妒(admit,  deny, envy)

逃避冒险莫原谅(escape,  risk,  excuse)

忍受保持不介意(stand,  keep,  mind)

*He suggested going to visit our grandparents.

他建议去看望我们的(外)祖父母。

*She doesn’t mind being laughed at.

她不介意被人嘲笑。

2. 作动词短语的宾语

常见的跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有: insist on, object to,  be good at,  be fond of,  lead to,  put off,  give up,  look forward to,  feel like,  devote. . . to,  get/be used to,  pay attention to,  be worth等。

*You should give up playing computer games.

你应该放弃玩电脑游戏。

3. 在有些动词的后面, 如: start,  begin,  continue等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语, 两者意义区别不大。

*If you continue doing/to do what you are doing,  you are in deep trouble.

如果你继续像现在这样做, 你的麻烦就大了。

4. 在love,  hate,  prefer,  like等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作, 用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。

*He likes swimming but he doesn’t like to swim this afternoon.

他喜欢游泳, 但是今天下午他不想游泳。

5. 有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语均可, 但含义不同。常见的有:

*Don’t forget to say“Thank you” when someone has helped you. 当有人帮助了你时不要忘记说“谢谢”。

*I forgot closing the windows when I returned home.

我回到家的时候, 忘记已经关了窗户。

6. 下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于不定式的被动形式。

need/want/require/deserve doing

=need/want/require/deserve to be done

*The window needs/requires/wants cleaning/to be cleaned.

窗户需要擦了。

(1)用所给词的适当形式填空。

①We don’t allow diving (dive) in the pool.

②I often practise listening(listen) and speaking (speak).

③The boy was lucky to escape being punished (punish).  

(2)这个问题值得讨论。

→The question deserved discussing.  

→The question deserved to be discussed.  

三、动词-ing形式的否定形式

　动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前面加not, 带有逻辑主语时, not应放在逻辑主语和动词-ing形式之间。

*Not knowing how to use a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research.

不知道如何使用电脑使他更难进行学术研究。

(1)He was punished for not having done his homework(未完成作业).  

(2)Not passing the exam (未能通过考试)made him disturbed.  

(3) I’m sorry for not having kept my promise (没有遵守我的承诺).  

四、动词-ing形式的复合结构

　动词-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词-ing, 即“sb. /sb. ’s+doing”构成。动词-ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词-ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词-ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:

①形容词性物主代词+动词-ing

②名词’s所有格+动词-ing

③代词宾格+动词-ing

④名词+动词-ing

*Would you mind me/my opening the window?

你介意我打开窗户吗?

*We are looking forward to Professor Smith’s/Professor Smith coming to give us a speech next week.

我们盼望着史密斯教授下周来给我们做一次演讲。

动词-ing形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时, 不能用代词的宾格和名词的普通格形式。

(1)Excuse me for my not coming on time.  

抱歉, 我没能按时来。

(2)His father’s being ill made him worried.  

他父亲病了, 使他很担心。

(3)I can’t imagine Mary’s/Mary marrying such a man.  

我无法想象玛丽竟然嫁给了这么一个人。

课时检测·素养达标

Ⅰ. 选词填空

1. It is no good saying such ugly words to him. (saying/to say)

2. Would you mind turning down your radio? (turning/turned)

3. I don’t remember ever meeting you somewhere. (meeting/to meet)

4. There is no use keeping silent about such a matter. (keeping/to keep)

5. Planting many trees is very good for our environment. (is/are)

6. The windows haven’t been cleaned for a long time. They need cleaning.  (cleaning/cleaned)

7. We can’t imagine her succeeding in the entrance examination,  for she has never been to school. (succeed/succeeding)

8. Seeing the funny scene,  I can’t help laughing. (laughing/to laugh)

9. Do you feel like going out or would you rather have dinner at home? (going/to go)

10. His not getting to the station on time made everyone worried last week. (not get/not getting)  

Ⅱ. 完成句子

1. The book is worth reading a second time.  

这本书值得再读一次。

2. We are looking forward to hearing from Mr Li.  

我们期待着李先生的来信。

3. It’s fun spending the holiday at the beach.  

在海边度假很有趣。

4. Tom’s being so careless caused so much trouble.  

汤姆这么粗心, 造成了不少麻烦。

5. The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.  

这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。

6. It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.  

劝说这样一个人加入我们是浪费时间。

7. The bike needs repairing/to be repaired.  

这辆自行车需要修一下。

8. Missing the train means waiting for another hour.  

误了这班火车就意味着再等一个小时。

9. I don’t like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.  

我不喜欢看电视, 但是喜欢听收音机。

10. I regret to tell you that your mother is badly ill,  but you needn’t regret leaving her alone.  

很遗憾地告诉你你母亲病得很重, 但你不需要为留下她独自一人而后悔。

　　使用本单元所学语法类型结合主题语境翻译下面语段。

　　中国是一个有十三亿人口的大国。在过去的二十多年间, 中国发生了巨大的变化, 尤其在农业方面。中国仅有世界7%的土地, 却成功地养活了世界22%的人口。其耕地(farming land)的灌溉面积是世界上最大的, 种植了世界三分之一的大米。渔业也非常重要, 淡水鱼随处可见。废弃的蔬菜(vegetable waste)被用来养猪、养鸡; 人和动物的粪便(waste)产生的气体被用来供热和做饭。如果世界上其他地方也像中国一样重视并发展农业, 就不会再有饥饿。

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【参考范文】

The Development of Agriculture in China

　　China is a large country with a population of 1. 3 billion. In the past twenty years,  great changes have taken place in China,  especially in agriculture where modern biotechnology plays an important part. China only has occupied the world 7% land,  which has supported 22% population in the world. The irrigation area of farming land is the largest in the world,  which actually has planted the world’s 1/3 rice. Besides,  fishing is also important. Freshwater fish can be seen everywhere. Vegetable waste is used to feed pigs and chickens. Gas produced from human and animal waste is used for heating and cooking. If the rest of the world also fully emphasized and developed agriculture like China,  there would be no starvation.

课时素养评价

五　Unit 2　Learning about Language

Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空

1. He succeeded in persuading (persuade) her to do the job.  

2. The flowers need watering/to be watered (water)or they will die.  

3. Your being right doesn’t necessarily mean my being wrong. (be)

4. Making (make) friends plays an important part in our life.

5. The bird was lucky and it just missed being caught (catch).  

6. It is no use waiting (wait) for other people to make decisions for you.

7. All the boys are looking forward to going (go) forward to the National Park.

8. There is no denying(deny) that the environment is from bad to worse.

Ⅱ. 完成句子

1. We are busy (in) preparing for the coming exam.  

我们正忙着为即将到来的考试做准备。

2. It is no use telling him not to worry.  

告诉他不要担心是没有用的。

3. His getting up late in the morning made him late for the class.  

他早上起晚了, 导致他上课迟到了。

4. It’s a waste of time playing computer games for such a long time. 玩这么长时间的电脑游戏是浪费时间。 

5. If the TV needs repairing/to be repaired,  please let me know as soon as possible.  

如果这台电视需要修理的话, 请尽快通知我。

6. Do you hear the sound of the door being opened? 

你听见开门声了吗?

7. I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.  

我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。

8. The manager meant to tell the workers that being 5 minutes late meant leaving the company.  

经理打算告诉工人们迟到5分钟意味着离开公司。

9. They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.  

他们继续工作, 似乎什么也没发生过。

10. More and more old people go to the universities for the aged in order to avoid being cut off from the outside world.  

为了避免与外界隔绝, 越来越多的老年人上老年大学。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

(2020·临川高一检测)

　　The third-generation hybrid rice(杂交水稻)which was developed by Yuan Longping,  the “father of hybrid rice”,  and his team ran its first public output monitoring from Monday to Tuesday and achieved high output. The final yield of the tested variety,  G3-1S/P19,  came to 1046. 3 kg per mu(about 667 square meters),  based on two pieces of land in Qingzhu Village under the city of Hengyang in central China’s Hunan Province.

　　“Some previous high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in China took 160 to even 180 days from sowing to harvesting,  while the figure was shortened to around 125 days for the new variety. This is one of the most important features(特征)of the third-generation hybrid rice that can reduce the use of pesticides(杀虫剂)and fertilizers(化肥),  thus reducing cost and improving production efficiency. ” said Qian Qian,  the deputy director of the China National Rice Research Institute.

　　Unlike the previous two generations that required a large amount of water and fertilizers as well as demanding growing conditions and technological support,  the third-generation hybrid rice is easier to be cultivated(种植)by ordinary farmers. So the soil,  altitude and climate of the test site were not “ideal conditions” carefully selected beforehand but were close to the paddies(稻田)of ordinary farmers.

　　Nowadays, China’s average yield of rice is about 500 kg per mu. Ordinary farmers can produce 600 kg to 700 kg of rice per mu by growing some excellent second-generation hybrid rice varieties. However,  under the same planting conditions and environment,  the output of the third-generation hybrid rice could reach 800 kg per mu. China now feeds around 20 percent of the world’s population with less than 9 percent of the world’s arable(可耕种的)land.

At present,  Yuan’s team has nine third-generation hybrid rice combinations under trial,  which are expected to achieve commercial seed production in the following three to four years and hope to apply the technology into the research of sea rice. The third-generation hybrid rice has the comprehensive strength to promote a greener and more sustainable development of China’s rice production with higher quality and yield.

【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道, 讲述了由“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平和他的团队开发的第三代杂交水稻进行了第一次公共产量监测, 并取得了高产。第三代杂交水稻具备以更高的品质和产量推动我国水稻生产更绿色、更可持续发展的综合实力。

1. What feature of the new hybrid rice does Qian Qian mainly talk about?

A. It saves a lot more water.

B. It achieves a higher yield.

C. It saves much more farmland.

D. It has a shorter growing period.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Some previous high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in China took 160 to even 180 days from sowing to harvesting,  while the figure was shortened to around 125 days for the new variety. ”可知, 第三代杂交水稻的特点是种植周期短。故选D。

2. Why is the new hybrid rice not tested in ideal areas?

A. The ordinary farmers master planting technology.

B. The researchers want to reduce the experiment cost.

C. The growing conditions the new hybrid rice needs are simple.

D. The previous rice farming provides researchers with experience.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段内容“Unlike the previous two generations that required a large amount of water and fertilizers as well as. . . carefully selected beforehand but were close to the paddies of ordinary farmers. ”可知, 第三代杂交水稻所需要的种植条件非常简单。故选C。

3. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A. The high output of the third-generation hybrid rice.

B. The future of the new hybrid rice variety.

C. The advanced technology of the research on hybrid rice.

D. The differences between the three hybrid rice varieties.

【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Nowadays, China’s average yield of rice. . . China now feeds around 20 percent of the world’s population with less than 9 percent of the world’s arable land. ”可知, 第四段主要讲述了第三代杂交水稻的高产特点。故选A。

4. Where is this text most likely from?

A. A guide book. 　　　　  B. A news report.

C. An advertisement.     D. A fashion magazine.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段内容“The third-generation hybrid rice. . . based on two pieces of land in Qingzhu Village under the city of Hengyang in central China’s Hunan Province. ”可知, 文章主要讲述了第三代杂交水稻的成功监测并取得了高产。所以本文最有可能取自于新闻报道。故选B。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　Hello, Mr Wi-Fi. Life without you is next to impossible now. We’re happy to sing your name from morning till evening, sometimes till dawn. 　1　 I know you help me, sometimes you’re making me do things with 　2　 attention. Many times I promise myself that I’ll 　3　 my feelings towards you,  but you’re 　4　 me closer and closer. You’ve entered both my home and my 　5　.  You’re just a window for our 　6　 and information. But we people aren’t 　7　 only with the window. So we open all our 　8　 for you. Is this a(n) 　9　 or some kind of attachment? If this is an illness,  is it curable?And if this is an attachment,  will you 　10　 me the lifelong togetherness? 

We want you all the time. Can’t you take a few days off so that both you and I can 　11　?You’re a poison—not a slow one but a super 　12　 poison which holds our mind and makes us dance 　13　 its tune. Nowadays you’re so 　14　 that anyone can buy and make you our 　15　. You’ll never worry about our health but we’ll 　16　 be concerned about your “health”. Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone.  

If you were a 　17　 person made of flesh and blood (血肉之躯),  would we love you the same? You 　18　 us with your great talents and we even can’t get rid of you. We’re all your 　19　. Sometimes I wonder how people in the previous generations 　20　, but if they did why can’t we? 

【文章大意】作者用诙谐的语气质问Wi-Fi, 因为对无线网络的依赖是现代人的一种通病。

1. A. Now that　   B. Only if　　  C. Though 　  D. When

【解析】选C。考查连词。虽然作者知道Wi-Fi帮助了自己, 但是正是Wi-Fi的特殊作用让作者在做事的时候会分心。now that既然; only if只有; though虽然; when当……时。

2. A. praised    B. increased

C. focused     D. divided

【解析】选D。考查动词。虽然作者知道Wi-Fi帮助了自己, 但是正是Wi-Fi的特殊作用让作者在做事的时候会分心。praise表扬; increase增加;  focus关注;  divide分开。

3. A. keep in    B. bring back

C. approve of    D. give up

【解析】选A。考查动词短语。根据语境可知, 作者很多次都对自己承诺说要抑制自己对Wi-Fi的情感。keep in抑制;  bring back使回忆起, 使想起;  approve of同意, 赞成;  give up放弃。

4. A. drawing    B. pushing

C. forcing     D. observing

【解析】选A。考查动词。根据语境可知, 此处形象生动地表现了作者不能抗拒Wi-Fi对自己的吸引。draw吸引;  push推; force迫使; observe 观察。

5. A. space   B. soul   C. society   D. course

【解析】选B。考查名词。根据第二段You’re a poison—not a slow one but a super _______poison which holds our mind and makes us dance _______its tune. 中的“holds our mind”可知Wi-Fi进入了作者的灵魂。space太空;  soul灵魂;  society社会;  course课程。 

6. A. entertainment  B. argument

C. expansion    D. struggle

【解析】选A。考查名词。Wi-Fi(本来)只是我们娱乐和获取信息的窗口。entertainment娱乐;  argument争论; expansion扩展;  struggle挣扎。

7. A. strict   B. satisfied   C. generous  D. busy

【解析】选B。考查形容词。根据上文的“You’re just a window for our _______and information. ”以及“But”所表示的转折关系可知, 此处表示人们并不满足于Wi-Fi仅仅是个窗口。strict严格的; satisfied满意的; generous大方的;  busy忙碌的。 

8. A. thoughts   B. eyes   C. exits   D. doors

【解析】选D。考查名词。此处表示人们将Wi-Fi的作用扩大化, 不仅仅满足于其作为窗口的作用, 而是将所有的“门”打开迎接Wi-Fi。thought想法;  eye眼睛; exit出口; door大门。某种程度上而言, door是window的“升级”。

9. A. disease    B. inspiration

C. routine     D. phenomenon

【解析】选A。考查名词。根据下文If this is an illness,  is it curable?可知作者疑惑的是自己和其他人对Wi-Fi如此依赖的现象是否是一种病。disease疾病; inspiration灵感;  routine惯例; phenomenon现象。

10. A. recommend    B. instruct

C. promise      D. adapt

【解析】选C。考查动词。如果对Wi-Fi的情感是一种依赖的话, Wi-Fi能保证与作者一生都亲密无间吗?recommend推荐; instruct指导; promise许诺; adapt适应。

11. A. persist   B. relax   C. progress   D. fight

【解析】选B。考查动词。这里是诙谐地问: “Wi-Fi你能不能给自己放几天假以便你和我都能放松一下?”persist坚持; relax放松; progress进步; fight打架。

12. A. raw    B. comfortable

C. strong    D. fast

【解析】选D。考查形容词。根据本句中的not a slow one可知, Wi-Fi并不是慢性毒药, 而是快速起效的毒药。raw生的, 不熟练的;  comfortable舒服的; strong强大的; fast快速的。

13. A. to   B. against   C. from   D. within

【解析】选A。考查介词。Wi-Fi是一种能控制人们的思想并使人们随着它的音调起舞的毒药。dance to随着……而舞。

14. A. affordable   B. valuable

C. active     D. attractive

【解析】选A。考查形容词。根据下文的anyone can buy可知, 如今Wi-Fi的价格是如此低廉以至于任何人都能买到。affordable买得起的; valuable有价值的;  active活跃的;  attractive吸引人的。

15. A. addition    B. expert

C. companion    D. instrument

【解析】选C。考查名词。根据下文中Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone可知, 如今Wi-Fi成为人们的同伴。addition添加物; expert专家; companion同伴;  instrument 乐器。

16. A. sometimes   B. always

C. never     D. seldom

【解析】选B。考查副词。毫无生命的Wi-Fi是绝不会在意其用户健康的, 但是用户们会一直担心Wi-Fi的“健康”, 此处always和前面的never形成对比。

17. A. selfish    B. dishonest

C. responsible    D. real

【解析】选D。考查形容词。根据made of flesh and blood可知, 作者想知道如果Wi-Fi是拥有血肉之躯的真实的人, 人们是否会一样喜欢它。selfish自私的; dishonest不诚实的; responsible负责任的;  real真实的。

18. A. control    B. scold

C. comfort     D. challenge

【解析】选A。考查动词。根据上文作者介绍人们对Wi-Fi的依赖以及下文的we even can’t get rid of you可知, Wi-Fi控制着人们。control控制;  scold责备; comfort安慰;  challenge挑战。

19. A. friends    B. slaves

C. colleagues    D. employers

【解析】选B。考查名词。根据语境可知, Wi-Fi控制了人们, 即人们成了被其掌控的奴隶。friend朋友; slave奴隶; colleague同事;  employer雇主。

20. A. suffered    B. connected

C. survived    D. surfed

【解析】选C。考查动词。根据in the previous generations可知, 作者非常疑惑的是在早期没有Wi-Fi的时候人们是如何存活下来的。suffer遭受; connect联系;  survive幸存, 存活; surf 冲浪。

Ⅲ. 语法填空

　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

(2020·安庆高一检测)

People eat rice all over the world

　　Rice is grown in warm climates, mainly in Asia 1. ___________ there is a lot of rain,  but it is eaten all over the world.  

　　One of 2. ___________(popular) dishes in Singapore is Hainan Chicken Rice. It is seen 3. ___________ Singapore’s national dish! This dish first came from China

4. ___________(actual). However,  influenced by Singaporean cooking styles,  it has changed over the years.  

　　In China,  rice is eaten up to three times a day. It is eaten from a bowl with chopsticks,  but Chinese people never leave their chopsticks 5. ___________(stick) up their bowls of rice. This 6. ___________(remind) people of making offerings to the dead.  

　　In Spain,  7. ___________ popular rice dish is called Paella. It 8. ___________

(cook) with lots of spices (香料),  vegetables and mixed seafood. In Japan,  Sushi is popular as a kind of cooked rice with sweet vinegar,  often 9. ___________(serve) with raw fish.  

　　People also eat rice puddings (布丁) all over the world. In Portugal,  rice puddings are a 10. ___________(tradition) part of a Christmas meal. In Thailand,  a favorite pudding is mango and sticky rice with coconut milk (椰子汁). In South American,  people eat rice with milk and some spices.  

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了一些国家吃米饭的风俗。

1. 【解析】where。考查定语从句。此处为限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词Asia, 且先行词在从句中作地点状语, 应用关系副词where引导。

2. 【解析】 the most popular。考查形容词最高级。句意: 海南鸡饭是新加坡最受欢迎的菜肴之一。结合句意表示“最受欢迎的”, 应用形容词最高级。

3. 【解析】 as。考查介词。句意: 它被视为新加坡的国菜!结合句意表示“把某人/某物看作……; 视为……”短语为see sb. /sth. as. . . , 此处为被动语态。

4. 【解析】actually。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰谓语came from, 应用actual的副词形式actually, 表示“事实上”。

5. 【解析】sticking。考查非谓语动词。句意: 它是用筷子从碗里夹起来吃的, 但中国人的筷子从来不会插在饭碗上。分析句子结构可知, stick在句中应用非谓语动词形式, 且此处表示“使某物保持做某事的状态”短语为leave sth. doing sth. 故填sticking。

6. 【解析】 reminds。考查动词时态及主谓一致。remind在此表示一般性的事实, 应用一般现在时, 且主语为This, 故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。

7. 【解析】a。考查冠词。dish为可数名词, 此处表泛指, 应用不定冠词, 且popular的发音为辅音音素开头, 故用a。

8. 【解析】 is cooked。考查动词时态及语态。主语It指代上句中的Paella, 与 cook之间为被动关系, 且在此表示一般性的事实, 应用一般现在时的被动语态, 主语为It, 谓语动词用单数。

9. 【解析】 served。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, serve在句中应用非谓语动词形式, 且Sushi与serve之间在逻辑上为被动关系, 应用过去分词作状语。

10. 【解析】 traditional。考查形容词。此处作定语修饰part, 应用形容词traditional, 表示“传统的”。