高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修3&4Unit 1 Women of achievement随堂练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修3&4Unit 1 Women of achievement随堂练习题，共33页。

Unit 1　Women of achievement 　
Warming Up & Reading
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ. 根据语境选用正确的单词填空
achievement, campaign, behave, shade, worthwhile, observe, respect, argue, inspire, support
1. Today police began a campaign to reduce road accidents.
2. I want you to behave yourselves while I’m away.
3. The trees provide shade for the animals in summer.
4. When my father died, Jim was a real support.
5. It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player.
6. Her work didn’t exactly inspire me with confidence.
7. I want him to respect me as a career woman.
8. It isn’t worthwhile spending so much time on minor problems.
9. He’s a really successful man─you can’t argue with that.
10. The far side of the moon is difficult for us to observe.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示写出正确的短语
1. The only thing the young men had in common(有共同之处) was how poor each of them was.  
2. She concerned herself with(关心……) looking after the old people in her area.  
3. Now I can walk to work instead of(而不是) going by car.  
4. When the gates of the ground were opened, all the football supporters crowded in(挤进; 涌入).  
5. Before Father moved off(离开), he would tell me that I should observe the school rules and regulations.  
6. I went to sleep, and at two o’clock in the morning I woke up(醒来).  
7. We must defend the freedom that our parents fought for(为……奋斗).  
8. I was sitting in the shade(在阴凉处) outside. It’s much cooler there.  
9. It doesn’t take much brain to work out(解决) that both stories can’t be true.  
10. She led a normal, happy life(过着正常的、幸福的生活) with her sister and brother.  
Ⅲ. 翻译下列课文原句并观察黑体部分
1. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
她花了数年时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。
2. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.
从孩提时代起, 她就想在动物生活的环境中研究它们。
3. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.
我们意识到黑猩猩家庭成员之间的联系和人类家庭一样紧密。
4. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile.
然而, 这个夜晚让一切都变得值得。

根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。
1. -ment常用于动词后构成抽象名词。
achieve→achievement　　　　　　　成就; 功绩
develop→ development 发展
treat → treatment 对待; 治疗
amaze→amazement 惊讶
2. “v. +off”构成的动词短语。
move off 　　　　 离开; 起程; 出发
put off 推迟
set off 出发
turn off 关闭
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 阅读精析·合作学习
Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 

　Task 2　文本微观剖析: 细节探究 
1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)According to the first paragraph, the correct order of the things that the chimp family do the whole day is _______.  
a. The mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.
b. They wake up and move off.
c. They go to sleep in their nest for the night.
d. They wander into the forest.
e. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other.
A. b-a-e-c-d　　　　　　　B. b-d-e-a-c
C. a-d-b-c-e D. a-b-d-e-c
(2)Which of the following isn’t Jane’s discovery about chimps?
A. Chimps usually live peacefully with other animals.
B. Chimps eat meat as well as fruit and nuts.
C. Chimps have a social system in some sense.
D. Chimps have their body language to communicate with each other.
(3)From what Jane says, it can be inferred that _______.  
A. Jane thinks it right for humans to protect chimps in cages
B. Jane feels it right to let chimps live in their own environment
C. Jane likes to watch chimps in cages
D. Jane thinks it dangerous to use chimps for entertainment
(4)The author writes this passage in a(n) _______attitude.  
A. subjective B. admiring
C. ironic D. humorous
答案: (1)～(4)BABB
(5)Why does the author write this passage?
Because the author wants to tell us the great achievements Jane won in her chimp observations.  
2. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。

译文: 这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。

译文: 比方说, 她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩捕猎并吃肉。

译文: 她已经完成了她想做的一切: 在动物生活的环境中研究它们、获得博士学位、证明女人能像男人一样在森林里生活。
根据文章内容完成空格。
Character
Jane Goodall
What she
did
Worked with chimps in their own
(1)environment.
Lived in the forest in order to (2)observe the chimps and record their daily activities.
Found what chimps eat and their social
(3)system.
Discovered how chimps (4)communicate with each other.
Tried to make people aware that it is wrong to use chimps for (5)entertainment or advertisements.
What she
achieved
Helped people understand how much chimps
(6)behave like humans.
Helped to set up special places where chimps can live (7)safely in the wild.
Gained a doctor’s (8)degree.
Showed that women can live in the (9)forest to study wild animals as men can.
(10)Inspired those who want to cheer the achievements of women.
Task 3　阅读思维升华: 主题实践 
1. 结合课文主题, 回答下列问题。
(1)What should we learn from Jane Goodall?
Wisdom and courage; deep love for the animals; consideration; hard work.  
(2)What should we do to protect wild animals?
We should call on all the citizens to love wild animals, protect their living conditions, forbid hunters to kill them freely, build more nature reserves for them and we shouldn’t disturb them. The national wildlife protection parks shouldn’t be open to tourists. We should make people aware of the importance of wildlife protection.  
2. 根据提示, 运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)这个女孩不仅举止得体而且学习努力, 值得表扬。(worthy, behave)
(2)在学校, 她尊重老师, 遵守校规。(respect, observe)
(3)当她的同学情绪低落时, 她总是激励他们。(inspire)
(4)在她看来, 只有努力学习, 她才能被一所重点大学录取。(部分倒装)
The girl is worthy to be praised because she not only behaves well but also works hard. When at school, she respects teachers and observes the school rules. When her classmates are in low spirits, she is always inspiring them. In class, whenever she meets with a difficult problem, she always discusses it with her classmates. In her view, only by working hard can she be admitted into a key university.  
　　　　　　　　　　　　要点精研·探究学习
1. behave vt. &vi. 举动; (举止或行为) 表现
*Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.
简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了, 她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么相似。
*It doesn’t mean you can behave badly in class and not be punished. 这并不意味着你可以在课堂上胡作非为而不受惩罚。
*Staying away from her parents, she is not strong enough to behave herself.
远离父母, 她不够坚强, 不能表现得体。
*Your own personal behaviour as a teacher, outside of school hours, reflects on the school itself. 作为教师, 你在学校以外的个人行为会影响人们对学校本身的印象。

(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对待某人好/不好
behave oneself 守规矩; 表现得体
(2)behaviour n. [U]举止; 行为; 习性
【巧学助记】
The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behaviour in front of others.
这个孩子在课堂上表现得如此好以至于老师在别人面前表扬了他的好行为。

The world wants geniuses, but it wants them to behave just like other people.
世界需要天才, 不过需要他们像其他人一样为人行事。

(1)语法填空。
①The child with father at work behaved himself(he) all day.
②They behaved well (good) to the guests, which made us surprised.
③According to a recent survey, some TV programs should take responsibility for teenagers’ negative behaviours (behave).
(2)同义句改写。
He behaved well and was praised by his teachers. (用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→Behaving well, he was praised by his teachers.  
2. worthwhile　adj. 值得的; 值得做的
*Although this project fails, it’s still worthwhile.
这个项目虽然失败了, 但还是值得的。
*Work at something you enjoy and that’s worthy of your time and talent.
做你喜欢的事, 而且那是值得你花时间和才能去做的。
*The trip was expensive but it was worth every penny.
这次旅行花费很大, 但是花的每一分钱都不冤枉。


“值得”用法小贴士
(1)worth用作形容词时, 一般只作表语, 表示“值得……的”, 要用副词well来修饰。
(2)worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。

(1)语法填空。
①It might be worth thinking(think) about.
②His behaviour is worthy of being praised(praise).  
③It is worthwhile to learn/learning (learn)English.  
(2)一句多译。
这本小说值得读。
①The novel is worth reading.  
②The novel is worthy to be read.  
③The novel is worthy of being read.  
④It is worthwhile to read the novel.  
(3)(2019·江苏高考) Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.  
他的女儿 Melissa认为抢救他的音乐非常值得。
3. observe　vt. 观察; 观测; 遵守(规则、法律等)
*He observed the woman leaving by the back door.
他观察到那位女士正从后门离开。
*She observed that all the chairs were already occupied.
她发现所有的椅子都有人坐了。
*He was observed to follow her closely.
有人看到他紧跟着她。

(2)observation 　　　　　　 n. 观察; 监视
【导图理词】observe的意义

微观 observe
(1)observe sb. do sth. 强调看到动作的全过程。
observe sb. doing sth. 强调只看到正在进行的动作。
(2)observe sb. do sth. 变为被动语态时, 需将do前省略的不定式符号to补上, 即sb. be observed to do sth. 。

(1)语法填空。
①He is often observed to cheat (cheat) at cards, which makes us angry.  
②Observe (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.
③This patient should be hospitalized for observation (observe).
(2)同义句转换。
① The police observed the man enter the bank. (变为被动语态)
→The man was observed to enter the bank by the police.  
② When I passed his house, I observed that he was playing in his yard. (改为observe sb. doing sth. 结构)
→When I passed his house, I observed him playing in his yard.  
(3)(2019·天津高考) We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.  
我们能看到人工智能已经在很多方面影响了我们的生活。
【补偿训练】写出下列句子中observe的含义。
①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe traditional customs. (保持; 遵守)
②As often happens, people with good eyesight fail to see what is right in front of them, for they have too much to observe. (观察)
③Could you tell me how you usually observe the Spring Festival in your country? (庆祝)
④The teacher observed the student who was late entering/enter the classroom. (监视到; 注意到)
4. argue vt. &vi. 讨论; 辩论; 争论
*She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.
她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活, 而不能用于娱乐或广告。
*They always argue against us on how to conduct the air pollution.
他们总是与我们辩论如何处理大气污染的问题。
*Don’t argue with me. My decision is final.
不要和我争辩了, 我的决定是最终决定。
*He looked tired, as if the argument had taken a lot out of him. 他看上去累坏了, 似乎这场争论已使他筋疲力尽。

(1)argue that. . . 　　　　　　主张……; 认为……
argue for/against sth. 　　 据理赞成/反对……
argue with sb. (about/over/on sth. )
(就某事)与某人争论
(2)argument n. 争论; 争辩; 论点
【易混辨析】
quarrel
“争吵, 吵架”, 重在表达因生气或强烈的不满而同别人争吵
argue
“争论, 辩论”, 重在表达就自己的看法或立场提出论证说理, 力图说服他人
【知识延伸】
(1)argue sb. into/out of doing sth.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 说服某人做/不做某事
(2)persuade sb. to do/into doing sth.
说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do/out of doing sth.
说服某人不做某事

If you drink with a bosom friend, a thousand cups are too few. If you argue with a man, half a sentence is too much.
酒逢知己千杯少, 话不投机半句多。(喻指志趣相投的人在一起畅所欲言, 反之半句话都不愿意说。)

(1)语法填空。
①We all found his argument (argue) convincing and interesting.
②Mary often argues with her friends about small things angrily, which sometimes makes them very unhappy.
(2)(2019·江苏高考)A chimpanzee can’t win an argument with a modern man.  
一只黑猩猩不可能赢得与一个现代人的争论的。
(3)He was arguing with the King about the need to keep the army at full strength. 他正和国王讨论保留全部军队的必要性。 
5. inspire vt. 鼓舞; 激发; 启示
*She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.
她激励着那些想为女性的成就而欢呼喝彩的人们。
*By visiting schools, the actors hope to inspire children to put on their own productions.
演员希望通过访问学校鼓励孩子们演出自己的作品。
*The song we heard last night was very inspiring.
昨天晚上我们听的歌曲非常鼓舞人心。
*I was also inspired by my teacher, thus studying even harder.
我也是受到了我的老师的鼓励, 于是更加努力学习了。
*He had an inspiration: he’d give her a dog for her birthday.
他突然灵机一动, 要送她一条狗作为生日礼物。

(1)inspire sb. to do sth. 　激励某人做某事
(2)inspired adj. 深受鼓舞的
inspiring adj. 令人鼓舞的; 鼓舞人心的
(3)inspiration n. 灵感; 鼓舞
现在分词与过去分词作形容词的区别
(1)现在分词作形容词时通常表示主动关系, 多形容客观事物体现在外的性质, 其修饰对象往往是物, 意为“令人……的”。例如:
The news is exciting. 这个消息令人激动。
He cried at the exciting news.
这个激动人心的消息使他哭了。
(2)过去分词作形容词时往往表示被动关系, 多形容人或生物的情绪或感受, 意为“感到……”。例如:
He felt excited at the news. 这个消息使他感到很激动。
The film star waved good-bye to the excited fans.
这位电影明星向激动的影迷们挥手告别。

(2019·浙江高考) What’s more, it was your constant encouragement that inspired me to be confident.
更重要的是, 正是你不断的鼓励激发了我的自信。

(1)语法填空。
①She was a great inspiration. She was the person who impressed on us the importance of research.
②She is one of the most inspiring(inspire) people I’ve ever met.
③I was inspired to work (work) harder than ever before.  
(2)句型转换。
Korea was inspired by neighboring China and initiated economic reforms in 2002. (用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→Inspired by neighboring China, Korea initiated economic reforms in 2002.  
6. support n. &vt. 支持; 拥护; 供养; 资助; 支撑
*Jane was permitted to begin her work after her mother came to support her.
简在妈妈来帮助她之后才得到允许开始工作。
*She decided to support herself on her musical talents.
她决定依靠她的音乐才能养活她自己。
*He had to support his family with his meagre income.
他只能靠微薄的收入来养家。
*They are raising a fund in support of this good cause.
他们正在为赞助这一有益的事业而集资。

(1)support oneself　　　自主谋生
support one’s family 养家糊口
(2)in support of 为了支持……; 为了拥护……

(1)语法填空。
①We must produce evidence in support of our theory.
②Although(he was)hard-working, he couldn’t earn enough to support himself (he).
(2)一句多译。
我会永远支持你。
①I will support you forever. (support作动词) 
②I will stand by you forever. (用stand短语改写) 
③I will be in favor of you forever. (用favor短语改写) 
④I will be in support of you forever. (用support作名词的短语改写) 
7. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.  
她母亲前几个月过来帮她的忙, 这才使她被允许开始自己的计划。
【句式解构】
(1)这是一个主从复合句。
(2)only+after引导的时间状语从句置于句首, 主句用了部分倒装句式, be动词was提到了主语she的前面。
*Only then did I realize that I had left my school bag in the classroom. 就在那时我才意识到我把书包忘在教室里了。
*Only with your help can I make so much progress in English.
只有在你的帮助下, 我的英语才能取得如此大的进步。
*Only when you have read the whole passage can you guess the meaning of this word.
只有读完整篇文章, 你才能猜出这个单词的意思。
“Only+状语”句式的部分倒装
　　Only+状语(时间状语、地点状语、方式状语等)置于句首时, 主句需用部分倒装(助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词)。

(1)Only when you pass the examination can you have the chance to go abroad. 只有通过了考试, 你才有机会出国。 
(2)句式改写。
We can make a better Internet environment for teenagers in this way. (改写为以only开头的倒装句)
Only in this way can we make a better Internet environment for teenagers.  
【要点拾遗】
1. achievement　n. [C]成就; 功绩
*They were proud of their children’s achievements.
他们对孩子们的成绩感到自豪。
*I felt a great sense of achievement when I reached the top of the mountain. 当我到达山顶的时候, 我有一种巨大的成就感。
*There are many who will work hard together to achieve these goals. 有志之士将会共同为实现这些目标而努力。

(1)a sense of achievement　　　　一种成就感
(2)achieve vt. 完成, 达到
vi. 成功
achieve one’s success 获得成功
achieve one’s goal 达到目标

(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)List all of your accomplishments and achievements. 列出你所有的成就。
【巧学助记】
I’ve achieved only half of what I’d hoped to do, so I can not celebrate the achievements I’ve made although everyone says I should feel a sense of achievement.
我原本希望做的只做到了一半, 因此我不能庆祝自己所取得的成绩, 尽管每个人都说我应该有成就感。

(1)语法填空。
①Sometimes, that standard is quite difficult, if not impossible, to achieve (achieve).  
②No matter how hard she tries, she can’t equal her sister’s achievements (achieve).
(2)Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of achievement(成就感).  
(3)You have all the reasons in the world to achieve your dreams(追求你的梦想).  
2. connection　n. [C, U] 连接; 关系; 联系
*Her research showed the connections between chimps and human beings. 她的研究揭示了黑猩猩和人类的关系。
*I am writing to you in connection with your recent job application. 我写此信与你最近求职一事有关。
*First connect the printer to the computer.
首先把打印机与计算机连接。
*There was nothing to connect him with the crime.
他与这起犯罪毫无关联。

(1)There is a connection between A and B
　　　　　　　　　　　A和B之间有联系
in connection with 与……有关
(2)connect　 vt. 使连接; 与……有关联
connect. . . to. . . 使……与……连接
connect. . . with. . . 把……和……联系/连接起来

(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
直接和你的听众交谈, 做你自己, 并建立联系。

(1)语法填空。
①The two towns are connected by a railway.
②You can connect the machine to/with your hi-fi.
③He asked me many questions in connection with life abroad.
④What is the connection (connect) between the two ideas?
(2)一句多译。
警察拘留了与银行抢劫案有牵连的那几个人。
→The police arrested the men in connection with a bank robbery.  
→The police arrested the men connected with a bank robbery.  
3. shade　n. [U]荫; 阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线
*Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.
大家坐在树阴下等着, 这时黑猩猩一家醒了, 准备离开。
*He put on a blindfold to shade his eyes against the light.
他戴上眼罩来遮挡光线。

in the shade (of. . . )　　　　　　 在(……的)阴凉处
shade. . . from/against. . . 为……挡住……

Don’t cut down the trees that give you the shade.
不要砍伐给你遮阴的树。(喻指不要恩将仇报, 以怨报德。)

(1)The heat was unbearable—almost 125℉ even in the shade of a cactus. 高温难以忍受——甚至在仙人掌的阴凉处都差不多是125华氏度。 
(2)She raised her hand to shade her eyes from/against the sun.  
她抬起手为她的眼睛挡住阳光。
4. move off　离开; 起程; 出发
*The doors shut, and the train moved off.
门关上后, 火车就开走了。
*Her house was in perfect order when she moved in.
她搬进来时, 屋子里井井有条。
*He moved around the room, putting his possessions together.
他在屋里走来走去, 忙着把自己的东西放在一起。

move about/around　　四处走动
move in 迁入新居
move on 变换(工作、话题等); 前进
move away 搬走
表示“起程; 出发”的短语还有leave for; set out/off; start out/off。

(2020·浙江高考)Lamb and mother reunited, I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. 羊羔和妈妈重聚了, 我转身向拖拉机走去, 结果却发现它突然远离了我。
用适当的副词填空。
(1)The taxi had moved away before I could signal to the driver.
(2)As we moved off in the car, Mom stood waving goodbye.
(3)She could hear someone moving around/about in Gail’s room.
5. respect vt. & n. 尊敬; 尊重; 敬意
*For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. 40年来, 简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。
*I have the greatest respect for your brother.
我非常尊敬你的哥哥。
*China is developing very rapidly in all respects and we’re all proud of our motherland.
中国在各个方面发展非常迅速, 我们深深地为祖国感到自豪。
*She has always been honest with me, and I respect her for that. 她一直对我很诚实, 我非常敬重她这一点。

(1)have/show respect for. . . 　尊重……
out of respect for. . . 出于对……的尊敬
in all/some/many respects 在各个/某些/许多方面
(2)respect sb. for. . . 因……而尊重某人

respect表示“尊重; 敬重”时, 为不可数名词; 表示“细节; 方面”时, 为可数名词; 表示“敬意; 问候”时, 多用复数形式。
【熟词生义】
(1)Carl had asked him to visit the hospital and pay his respects to Francis.
卡尔让他去医院看望弗朗西斯。 (敬意)
(2)Please help me give the gift and my respects to my teacher.
请帮我把礼物和问候带给老师。 (问候)
【知识延伸】

(2)respected adj. 受人尊敬的
respectable adj. 可敬的; 相当好的

(1)语法填空。
①Give my respects (respect) to your parents.
② We all have great respect for the old teacher.
③The youngsters are to be taught to have respect for social moral standards.
④(2018·浙江高考) Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting(respect) the privacy of your neighbor.
(2)同义句转换。
He was respected by everyone and decided to make great contributions to the country. (用with复合结构改写)
→With everyone respecting him, he decided to make great contributions to the country.  
6. crowd in (on sb. )　(想法、问题等)涌上心头; 涌入脑海
*Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. 一旦我停下来, 所有的一切都会涌上心头, 我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
*We all crowded around the stove to keep warm.
我们都挤在炉边取暖。
*In the spring the place is crowded with skiers.
春季这地方满是滑雪的人。
*Crowds of people poured into the street.
人们成群结队涌上街头。

crowd around/round. . . 　　　　　聚集在……周围
be crowded with 挤满了
a crowd of 一群……

(1)语法填空。
①Fortunately, they got on the crowded(crowd) train.
②With the unsolved matters crowding in on him, he couldn’t go to sleep.
③Half an hour before the performance began, the hall was already crowded with audience.
(2)After the game, crowds of football fans piled out.  
球赛结束后, 成群的足球迷蜂拥而出。
【拓视野·观天下】
1. Tibet kicks off a campaign to remove trash from world’s highest mountain.
西藏启动世界最高峰垃圾清理行动。
2. Mr Goodman says the findings also raise bigger questions about whether climate change and global warming will have implications for school achievements.
古德曼先生说, 调查结果还提出了更大的问题, 关于气候变化和全球变暖是否会对学校成绩产生影响。
3. Now 5G promises much faster data download and upload speeds, and more stable connections.
现在, 5G有望带来更快的数据下载和上传速度, 以及更稳定的网络连接。
4. Add oil, a popular Chinese phrase commonly used to express encouragement, incitement, or support, has reportedly been included in the latest version of the Oxford English Dictionary.
“加油”, 一个在中国被人们广泛使用来为其他人鼓劲助威或表示支持的短语, 据说已被收录进最新版本的牛津英语词典。
5. This image shows a region in Saturn’s outer B ring. NASA’s Cassini spacecraft viewed this area at a level of detail twice as high as it had ever been observed before.
这张图片显示了土星外B环的一个区域。美国国家航空与航天局的卡西尼号宇宙飞船观察到这个区域的细节水平是以前观察到的两倍。
　　　　　　　　　　　　课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. I think it is worthwhile(值得)carrying/to carry out the campaign(运动).
2. What I want to tell you is the deep love and respect(尊敬) I have for my parents because they support(供养) a big family by working hard.
3. For the man who has made great achievements(成就), there is no need to argue(争论) about his behaviours(行为).
4. The crowd(观众)should observe(遵守) the rules when seeing a film at the cinema.
5. The outspoken(坦诚的)man said that the reason why he didn’t finish the task was that he enjoyed cool in the shade(阴凉处).
6. During my childhood(童年), my mother used to inspire(鼓舞)me to do what I liked.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. The couple set up a buffet and a booth in downtown areas, and now they are leading a busy life.
2. Happy memories crowded in upon me as I looked at the photographs.
3. The lorries were lined up, ready to move off.
4. We took a rest in the shade of a large tree.
5. He is very stubborn; it is impossible to argue him into doing what he doesn’t want to do.
6. This railway is built to connect Beijing to Shanghai.
7. If you behave yourself(you), I’ll let you stay up to watch the movie.
8. I am just doing what I can in support of them.
9. All the audience cheered in support of the president’s suggestions.
10. I wouldn’t think it worthwhile to ask/asking(ask) him to join the club because he’ll only refuse.  
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. Only when his father arrived in a hurry was the boy helped out.  
当他父亲匆忙赶到时, 这个男孩才被救了出来。
2. I’m sure you’ll be very happy here once you get to know everyone else.  
我敢肯定一旦你认识了其他所有人, 你在这里就会很愉快。
3. Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see the park clearly.  
从山顶上看, 我们可以清楚地看到公园。
4. Bob is determined to get a seat for the concert even though it means standing in line all night for the ticket.  
鲍勃决心要买到音乐会的票, 即使那意味着整夜站着排队。
5. I was impressed by the way in which/that/不填 she did it.  
她做成这件事的方式给我留下了深刻的印象。
课文语法填空
Jane Goodall had wanted to work with animals in their own environment
1. since she was a child. But this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was 2. unusual(usual) for a woman to live in the forest. However, 3. with the help of her mother, she began her work with the chimps, 4. which changed the way that/in which people think about chimps. Spending years observing and recording their daily 5. activities(active), Jane discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat, against 6. what people used to think. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other. 7. Working(work) with the chimps for years, Jane has argued that wild animals should 8. be left(leave) in the wild and not used for 9. entertainment (entertain) or advertisements. She has achieved everything she wanted to do, but more 10. importantly(important), she has got the world to understand and respect the lives of chimps.  
课时素养评价
一　Unit 1　Warming Up & Reading

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. We remembered the inspiring(inspire) talks he gave us last time.
2. Finishing homework alone should give you a sense of achievement(achieve).
3. In order to understand the behaviour(behave) of the animal, the researcher spent many years recording its daily activities.
4. I remembered the argument(argue)I had with my sister when we were kids.
5. These sports are not only intended for entertainment(entertain). They are of great value to character training.
6. More connection (connect) to the Internet will help education develop.
7. On New Year’s Day the little shop is often crowded(crowd) with children.
8. I am aware that the organization(organize)of the book leaves something to be desired.
9. Marie spent days observing(observe) the young crops in the field.
10. I have children to support (support), money to be earned, and a home to be maintained.  
Ⅱ. 选词填空
lead a. . . life; move off; devote. . . to; fight for; crowd in; communicate with; behave oneself; put. . . to death
1. Behave yourself! Otherwise I’ll have you put out of my room.  
2. They fought for their motherland shoulder to shoulder.  
3. Don’t crowd in on me. I will see your books one at a time.  
4. She gladly gave up her part-time job to devote herself entirely to her art.
5. He worked hard every day and tried to lead a good life.  
6. Seeing that we had noticed him, he moved off quickly.  
7. Finally the three generals were put to death after the defeat.  
8. You should communicate with your parents more in order to get along well.  
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. While (I was)walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.  
当我沿大街行走时, 我碰巧遇到了我的一位老朋友。
2. Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments did they succeed in solving the problem.  
只是在做了几百次实验之后, 他们才成功地解决了这一问题。
3. Once she makes up her mind, nothing can change it.  
她一旦下了决心, 什么也不能使她改变决心。
4. His failure to take the final exam means making up for it.  
他没有参加期末考试意味着要补考。
5. I don’t like the way (that/in which) you speak to your mother. 我不喜欢你同你母亲说话的方式。 

Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2020·临沂高一检测)
　　Elizabeth Garrett Anderson was born on 9 June, 1836, in Whitechapel, East London. She was expected to marry well and live the life of a lady. However, meetings with the feminist(女权主义者) Emily Davies and Elizabeth Blackwell, the first American woman physician, convinced Elizabeth Garrett that she should become a doctor.
　　This was unheard of at that time and her attempts to study at a number of medical schools were refused. She enrolled(入学) as a nursing student at Middlesex Hospital and attended classes for male doctors, but was driven out after complaints from other students. As the Society of Apothecaries did not specifically forbid women from taking its examinations, in 1865 she passed the exams and gained a certificate which enabled her to become a doctor. The Society then changed its rules to prevent other women entering the profession in this way.
　　In 1866, she set up a clinic for women in London, thanks to her father’s backing; in 1870 she was made a visiting physician to the East London Hospital. There she met James Anderson, a successful businessman, who she married in 1871.
　　In 1872, Anderson founded the New Hospital for Women in London, staffed entirely by women. She appointed her spiritual guide, Elizabeth Blackwell, as a professor there.
　　Anderson’s efforts paved the way for other women, and in 1876 an act was passed permitting women to enter the medical professions. In 1883, Anderson was appointed to manage the London School of Medicine for Women, which she had helped to found in 1874. It was the first medical school in Britain to train women as doctors.
　　Anderson, Britain’s first female doctor, retired in 1902. Six years later, she became the mayor(市长) of Aldeburgh, the first female mayor in England. Anderson died on 17 December, 1917.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 介绍了英国第一位女医生——伊丽莎白·加勒特·安德森的生平和她的成就。安德森是英国第一位女医生, 也是英国第一位女市长。
1. Why did the Society change its rules?
A. To provide certificates for women.
B. To forbid women to take its exams.
C. To offer programs to train women doctors.
D. To encourage women to attend medical schools.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The Society then changed its rules to prevent other women entering the profession in this way. ”可知, 该协会随后改变了规则, 以防止其他女性以这种方式进入这一行业。由此可知, 该协会修改规定是为了禁止女性参加它的考试。
2. What was Anderson’s father’s attitude to her career?
A. Supportive. 　　　　　 B. Doubtful.
C. Sympathetic. D. Critical.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In 1866, she set up a clinic for women in London, thanks to her father’s backing. . . ”可知, 在1866年, 由于父亲的支持, 她在伦敦开办了一家女性诊所。所以安德森的父亲支持她的事业。
3. What did Anderson do after founding the New Hospital for Women?
A. She married a successful businessman.
B. She started a clinic for women in London.
C. She learned at a hospital as a visiting physician.
D. She helped create a school to train female doctors.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“In 1872, Anderson founded the New Hospital for Women in London. . . ”以及倒数第二段中的“. . . the London School of Medicine for Women, which she had helped to found in 1874. It was the first medical school in Britain to train women as doctors. ”可知, 安德森在创立新的女性医院之后, 又协助创办了一所培训女医生的学校。
4. Which of the following can be used to describe Anderson?
A. Strict. B. Sensitive.
C. Determined. D. Modest.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。由她的经历可以推断, 安德森是一个意志坚定的人。
【方法技巧】
推理判断题属于主观题, 是层次较高的题目。它包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存, 推理是为了做出正确的判断, 正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上, 做出判断和推论, 从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思, 也就是通过文章中的文字信息、上下文的逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息来推测。
B
(2020·泰安高一检测)
　　There’s no doubt that one of the greatest human achievements is the exploration of space. Ever since astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to be sent into the orbit around the moon in 1961, scientists have been pushing the boundaries further and further. But until now the exploration into the unknown has been dominated (主导) by men.
　　Of course, in the past, women were also included in the space projects and played an active role on the ground and behind the scenes. For example, they worked as seamstresses (女裁缝师), sewing vital spaceflight components. In fact, many of NASA’s key works would never have been possible without them. Recently Hollywood produced a movie called Hidden Figures to focus on a group of American female mathematicians, especially the black women, who helped NASA send the first American into space. But this was not women’s only contribution. Back in 1963, Soviet astronaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to be sent into space. However, after that, space flight programs were slow to employ women. In the USA, NASA didn’t accept applications from women to become astronauts until 1978.
　　But attitudes have changed and leading officials at NASA say that the first person to set foot on Mars should be a woman. The space agency aims to have a sex-balanced workforce but can only achieve that if equal numbers of men and women are trained for science and technology jobs. As Allison McIntryre told the BBC, “My director is a woman. We have female astronauts. We haven’t put a woman on the moon yet. And I think that perhaps the first person to step on Mars should be a woman. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。虽然太空探索迄今为止主要由男性主导, 但是女性也一直在默默地发挥着重要作用。NASA也准备让女性在太空探索中走向前台, 某位女性甚至可能成为登陆火星的第一人。
5. What did Yuri Gagarin do in 1961?
A. He landed on Mars.
B. He discovered many new boundaries.
C. He led scientists to explore the moon.
D. He made the first journey into space.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Ever since astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to be sent into the orbit around the moon in 1961, scientists have been pushing the boundaries further and further. ”可知, 1961年, 尤里·加加林成为第一个完成太空旅行的人。
6. Why does the author mention the film Hidden Figures?
A. To show women are the true heroes of NASA’s first launch.
B. To stress that black people have won equal rights in NASA.
C. To prove women can do as well as men in NASA’ projects.
D. To present women’s contributions to NASA’s space programs.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中“In fact, many of NASA’s key works would never have been possible without them. . . who helped NASA send the first American into space. ”可知, 作者提到《隐藏人物》这部电影是为了举例说明在太空探索这一领域, 女性曾做出过重大贡献。
7. What is Allison McIntryre’s attitude towards women astronauts?
A. Uncaring. B. Disapproving.
C. Supportive. D. Disappointed.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“My director is a woman. We have female astronauts. We haven’t put a woman on the moon yet. And I think that perhaps the first person to step on Mars should be a woman. ”可知, 他不但认可自己的女性上司, 也支持女性成为第一个登上火星的人。
8. What is the best title for the text?
A. Will the First Person to Step on Mars Be a Woman?
B. Great Achievements Have Been Made in Space Exploration
C. Why Did Men Play an Important Role in Exploring the Unknown?
D. Men and Women Have Made Equal Contributions to NASA’s Projects
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据全文, 尤其是最后一段前两句可知, 尽管NASA官员已经表态希望女性成为登陆火星的第一人, 但是由于女性在接受相关科技培训等方面存在的问题, NASA宣布的目标能否实现还是一个未知数。所以选项A“第一个登上火星的人会是女性吗?”适合做本文最佳标题。故选A。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2020·牡丹江高一检测)
　　Jeremy Locke, 25, has his own roofing company in Bridgeport, Nova Scotia. For a couple of years before he began his 　1　, he would drive past the home of Jeanette MacDonald, noticing the 　2　 state of her roof. He was 　3　 —not just for the elderly woman but also for the children living with her. So Locke 　4　 to lend a helping hand.  
　　The young man knocked on MacDonald’s door and　5　 to fix her roof for nothing, “I didn’t know who the woman was, but I wanted to 　6　 this for her and her grandchildren, ” he explained to The Chronicle Herald. However, despite his kind 　7　 , the woman politely turned him down.  
　　MacDonald and her　8　 left an impression on Locke. He saw 　9　 between the woman and his own grandmother, and couldn’t bear to see her in this 　10　. He had also grown up without much and felt that he should use his skills to 　11　.  
　　A year after Locke set up his own roofing company, seeing that the roof was　12　 in a state of disrepair, Locke returned to MacDonald’s home and asked MacDonald if she wanted to enter a raffle (抽奖) his company was doing for a 　13　 roof. The 70-year-old woman 　14　 the chance, but little did she know that there was no 　15　.  
　　MacDonald’s relief　16　 Locke’s kindness is immeasurable, “I could win $1 million but it wouldn’t make me as 　17　 as knowing I’m getting a new roof on. Jeremy is 　18　 something. He’s a guardian angel (守护天使) sent from God. ” 
　　The　19　 should cost about $ 9, 000 in terms of materials and manpower. However, the only thing Locke wants in return is a home-cooked meal for his staff from the woman who 　20　 him of his grandmother.  
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Jeremy Locke想为老太太Jeanette MacDonald免费修屋顶, 但MacDonald拒绝了, 为了帮助MacDonald, Locke谎称有一个关于免费屋顶的抽奖, MacDonald得到了这个免费的机会, 最终Locke帮MacDonald修好了屋顶。
1. A. journey　　　　　　　B. business
C. research D. life
【解析】选B。 journey旅程; business生意, 事业; research研究; life生活。由上一句的“his own roofing company”可知, 是在他开始做生意几年前。
2. A. average B. unexpected
C. special D. terrible
【解析】选D。 average平均的; unexpected预料之外的; special特殊的; terrible可怕的。由后文的lend a helping hand, fix her roof for nothing和the roof was _______in a state of disrepair可知, 她家的屋顶状况很可怕。  
3. A. frightened B. embarrassed
C. concerned D. disappointed
【解析】选C。frightened害怕的; embarrassed尴尬的; concerned担忧的; disappointed失望的。由后文中的lend a helping hand可知, Jeremy Locke提供帮助是因为担忧他们。
4. A. decided B. appeared
C. agreed D. happened
【解析】选A。decide决定; appear出现; agree同意; happen发生。由后文的fix her roof for nothing可知, Locke要帮老太太修屋顶, 说明他决定帮助老太太。
5. A. declined B. offered
C. managed D. pretended
【解析】选B。decline拒绝; offer提供; manage设法做到; pretend假装。由前文中的lend a helping hand可知, Locke是提出免费帮老太太修屋顶。
6. A. catch up with B. take care of
C. get rid of D. put up with
【解析】选B。catch up with赶上; take care of照顾, 处理; get rid of摆脱; put up with忍受。由上文可知, Locke要帮老太太免费修屋顶, 所以他要处理这个屋顶。
7. A. application B. reaction
C. theory D. intention
【解析】选D。application申请; reaction反应; theory理论; intention意图。上文提到, 他想免费帮老太太修屋顶, 说明他有好的意图。
8. A. hesitation B. shame
C. regret D. difficulty
【解析】选D。hesitation犹豫; shame耻辱; regret遗憾; difficulty困难。正是老太太MacDonald的困难(她家屋顶状况很可怕)给Locke留下了深刻印象, Locke才会想帮忙。
9. A. symbols B. conditions
C. similarities D. beliefs
【解析】选C。symbols标志; conditions情况; similarities相似点; beliefs信仰。由本句中提到的his own grandmother和couldn’t bear to see her可知, 应该是看到老太太和自己的祖母相似。
10. A. situation B. occupation
C. incident D. direction
【解析】选A。situation情况; occupation职业; incident事情; direction方向。由上文可知, 老太太的情况不好(屋顶状况糟糕), 所以此处是居住在这种(不好的)情况下。
11. A. respond B. give
C. help D. develop
【解析】选C。Locke会修屋顶, 一直想要用他的技能帮助老太太。
12. A. still B. even
C. already D. just
【解析】选A。老太太拒绝了Locke为她修屋顶的提议, 所以她的屋顶还是处于失修的状态。
13. A. temporary B. delicate
C. random D. free
【解析】选D。temporary暂时的; delicate精致的; random随意的; free免费的。由前文和本句中的“抽奖”可知, MacDonald拒绝了Locke为她免费修屋顶的提议, 为了帮助MacDonald, Locke就谎称有一个免费(修)屋顶的抽奖, 此处应是“免费的”。
14. A. went over B. jumped at
C. laughed off D. looked into
【解析】选B。go over仔细检查; jump at欣然接受; laugh off一笑置之; look into调查。由前文可知, MacDonald家的屋顶坏了, 现在有一个免费(修)屋顶抽奖, 她肯定会欣然接受这个机会。
15. A. competition B. cheating
C. dilemma D. chance
【解析】选A。 competition比赛; cheating欺骗; dilemma困境; chance机会。根据语境可知, 为了帮助MacDonald, Locke就谎称有一个免费(修)屋顶的抽奖, 所以根本没有抽奖比赛。
16. A. comparing B. withdrawing
C. following D. contradicting
【解析】选C。由语境可知, MacDonald的轻松是在Locke善意地提供免费(修)屋顶抽奖之后才会有的。compare比较; withdraw撤退; follow在……之后; contradict相反, 反驳。
17. A. strong B. lucky
C. happy D. rich
【解析】选C。由本句中knowing I’m getting a new roof on可知, (家里屋顶要修的)MacDonald得到了一个新屋顶, 她一定是高兴的。
18. A. partly B. possibly
C. generally D. really
【解析】选D。由下一句他是上帝派来的守护天使可知, Jeremy真的很了不起。
19. A. room B. job
C. meal D. decoration
【解析】选B。room房间, 空间; job工作; meal一顿饭; decoration装饰。由上文可知, MacDonald得到了免费屋顶, 修屋顶是一项工作。
20. A. reminds B. warns
C. convinces D. informs
【解析】选A。remind使……想起; warn警告; convince确信; inform通知。由上文可知, MacDonald和Locke的祖母相似, 所以是MacDonald使Locke想起了祖母。
Ⅲ. 阅读填句
(2020·苏州高一检测)
Without Her Name
　　It is a truth universally acknowledged that Pride and Prejudice by English novelist Jane Austen is one of the most popular tales ever written. But behind the global admiration she enjoys today lies a sad fact. 　1　  
　　In Pride and Prejudice, she was simply the author of Sense and Sensibility, which had carried the title“By a Lady”. The anonymity(匿名) worked so well that even friends of the Austen family had no idea that dear, sweet Jane was a novelist. A friend of Jane’s brother Henry actually told him that Pride and Prejudice was “much too clever to be the work of a woman”.
　　　2　Tom Paine, a Founding Father of the United States, kept his identity hidden for a short time after the publication of his famous Common Sense.  
　　For a woman, however, there was the added burden of societal expectations. Any sort of publishing or public display of talent was considered improper behaviour for a woman.
　　It wasn’t only fear about“bad manners” that discouraged women from writing under their own names. 　3　 Charlotte Bronte, author of Jane Eyre, once sent her poetry to Robert Southey, a famous poet. Southey simply responded: “Literature cannot be the business of a woman’s life. ” Bronte used her pen name, Currer Bell, to publish Jane Eyre in 1847. Her sister Emily published Wuthering Heights as Ellies Bell in the same year. 　4　Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein had come out without her name in 1818. Mary Anne Evans wrote Middlemarch and her other novels under the pen name George Eliot.  
　　The 20th century saw great progress towards gender equality. In theory, it should be unnecessary for women writers to follow Austen’s path any longer, unless driven by personal reasons. 　5　 Joanne Rowling, author of the Harry Potter novels, was advised to become J. K. Rowling. That’s because boys might dislike the feeling of picking up a book by a woman. Connie Ann Kirk explained in her biography of Rowling.  
A. Women’s writing was seldom taken seriously.
B. In practice, however, certain prejudices just won’t go away.
C. In her own time, Austen’s name never appeared on her books.
D. They joined a long list of women authors who felt they had to hide.
E. Politicians, for reasons of safety, also frequently chose to be invisible.
F. Jane Austen has attracted a great deal of critical attention in recent years.
G. In a 2016 interview, Italian novelist Elena Ferrante claimed her use of a pen name let her concentrate on writing.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章以Austen为例, 说明了Austen今天享有的全球赞赏的背后存在着一个可悲的事实——在她那个时代, 女性作家因为不受重视和社会偏见而在文学创作中不得不使用笔名, 这种社会现象即使在20世纪也仍存在。
1. 【解析】选C。根据上句“But behind the global admiration she enjoys today lies a sad fact. ”可知本句承接上文, 说明这个关于Austen的可悲的事实是什么。故C选项“在她那个时代, Austen的名字从未出现在她的书上”符合上下文语境。
2. 【解析】选E。根据后句“Tom Paine, a Founding Father of the United States, kept his identity hidden for a short time after the publication of his famous Common Sense. ”可知, 本段是在说明政客们隐藏身份的事情。故E选项“出于安全考虑, 政客们也经常选择隐藏身份”符合上下文语境。
3. 【解析】选A。根据下文可知, 当时女性作家并不受人重视。选项A“女性的写作很少受到重视”符合上下文语境。
4. 【解析】选D。根据后句可知, 此处是在说明Emily Bronte和许多其他女性作家一样选择隐藏自己的身份, 用笔名来署名自己的小说。故D选项“她们加入了一长串觉得自己必须隐藏的女性作家的行列”符合上下文语境。
5. 【解析】选B。根据上下文可知, 即使在20世纪, 性别平等取得了巨大进步, 但是某些偏见在现实中还是存在的。故B选项“然而, 实际上, 某些偏见是无法消除的”符合上下文语境。