2020版高考新创新一轮复习英语北师大版学案：选修6Unit16Stories


Unit 16 Stories








一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．biography n. 　　　　　传记
2．fantasy n. 想象(幻想)物
3．violinist n. 小提琴家
4．princess n. 公主，王妃
5．criteria pl.n. (评判的)标准
6．novelist n. (长篇)小说家
7．rewind vi. & vt. 倒回
8．architecture n. 建筑
9．authentic adj. 原作的；真正的
10．characteristic adj. 典型的
11．monument n. 纪念碑，纪念堂
12．sorrow n. 悲伤，难过
13．former adj. 以前的
14．spill vi.&vt. 洒出，溅出
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．tiresome adj.　 讨厌的，令人厌倦的
2．specific adj. 详细的；特定的
3．loss n. 遗失，丢失
4．complex adj. 复杂的
5．tense adj. 紧张的
6．breakthrough n. 突破，重大发现
7．abandon vt. 放弃，遗弃
8．preserve vt. 保护，保存
9．witness v. 目击
10．occur vi. 发生
11．gather vi.& vt. 聚集
12．sympathy n. 同情
13．burst vi. 爆炸；冲，闯
14．eager adj. 渴望的，热衷的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．musical adj.音乐的 n．音乐剧，音乐片→music n．音乐→musician n．音乐家
2．abnormal adj.反常的，不正常的→normal adj.正常的；通常的
3．admirable adj.令人钦佩的，极佳的→admire vt.尊敬；钦佩→admiration n．尊 敬；钦佩
4．significance n．重要性；意义→significant adj.重大的；有重要意义的
5．origin n．起源，开端；出身→original adj.最初的；起先的
6．restriction n．限制，约束→restrict vt.限制，约束
7．particularly adv.特别地，特定地→particular adj.特别的；挑剔的
8. discourage vt.使泄气，使灰心→discouraged adj.气馁的，泄气的→discouraging adj.令人泄气的→courage n．勇气→encourage vt.鼓励
9．suffering n．痛苦，困难→suffer v．遭受
10．imitation n．模仿→imitate_ v．模仿，仿效
11．gradual adj.逐渐的→gradually adv.逐渐地
[语境活用]
1．From his discouraged look, I judged he wasn't hired, which was really discouraging. But I still encouraged him to go to other companies to try his fortune.(discourage)
2．Most students think it significant to join the English Corner, though a few haven't realized the significance of it.(significance)
3．It is reported that the famous actress is particular about dress, particularly when she attends the opening ceremony of her new film.(particularly)
4．We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists deserve admiration. In other words, we admired the artists for their admirable skills.(admire)
5．It is normal that patients will have some abnormal behaviors when they are in low spirits.(normal)
6．I don't know about the origin of life on the earth, but I'm sure life on the earth must have gone through a long original period.(origin)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1._come_into_view　　 出现
2._knock_sb._over 撞倒某人
3．once_upon_a_time 从前
4._block_out 堵住；遮住
5．in_a_way 从某种程度上说
6．on_one's_side_ 侧身，在某人一边
7．split_up (使)解散；决裂
8．name_...after_ 以……命名
9．come_across 偶然遇见；被理解
10．hold_up 支撑起；延误，推迟
11．count_on_ 依靠；指望；确信
12._figure_out_ 理解
13．end_up 以……结束
14．put_up_with 容忍，忍受
15．in_particular 特别，尤其
16．refer_to 查阅；提到；涉及；提交
17．on_the_way_to 在去……的路上
18．now_that 既然，由于
1.A boy was knocked_over by a passing car but fortunately he was not hurt severely.
2．I can't figure_out what it is that makes him so depressed recently.
3．He couldn't put_up_with_the noise, so he kept the windows shut all day long.
4．While I was walking down the street, I came_across an old friend.
5．The whole meal was good and the wine in_particular was excellent.
6.If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer_to the dictionary.
7．When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came_into_view.
8．There are two large wooden supports that hold_up the roof.
9．We put a curtain across the window to block_out the sunlight.
10．Jackie has split_up with her husband for two years.
11．Once_upon_a_time,_there was an old man living in a small village.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Now that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。
now that引导原因状语从句。
(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)既然你对中国的传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日值得你去体验一下。
Now_that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I thought this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you.
2.Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.
她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手去摸，我就什么都不理解。
unless引导条件状语从句。
除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中，否则很难获得成功。
You will never gain success unless_you_are_fully_devoted_to_your_work.
3.It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word — a word for something she couldn't touch.
这是海伦第一次理解这么复杂的单词——一个代表她触碰不到的东西的单词。
“It is/was＋序数词＋time (＋that) ...”句型。
老师批评了他，因为这是他第二次犯同样的错误。
The teacher criticized him, because it_was_the_second_time_that_he_had_made_the same mistake.
4.And so the day went on, until finally I climbed, tired and ashamed, into bed.
于是那天就这样继续下去，直到最后我爬上床，既疲惫又羞愧。
形容词(短语)作状语。
(2015·四川高考单选改编)小汤姆坐着，吃惊地看着猴子在他面前跳舞。
Little Tom sat_amazed watching the monkey dancing in front of him.



二、课堂重点深化

1．abandon vt.放弃，遗弃；沉湎于(某种情感)n.[U]放任，放纵
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Many young people decided to abandon buying (buy) houses in big cities because of the high price.
②They saw the abandoned (abandon) vehicle and knew he had managed to flee on foot.
完成句子
③Those who abandon_themselves_to despair can not succeed.
那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。
　[系统归纳]
(1)abandon oneself to　 沉溺于……，纵情于……
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 纵情地，放任地
(3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的，废弃的；无约束的
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④We were afraid to abandon ourselves on our feelings. on→to
佳句时时写
⑤(2018·天津高考书面表达)我知道你对设计机器人很投入，并且你曾获得机器人大赛一等奖。因此，你是最合适的人。
I_know_you_abandon_yourself_to_designing_robots_and_have_won_first_prize_in_the_Robotics_Competition._Therefore,_you_are_the_most_suitable_person.
2．occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生；出现；被想起
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①Suddenly a_good_idea_occurred_to_her,_but she didn't know how to speak it out.
她突然想到了一个好主意，但是她不知道如何说出来。
②I suppose_it_didn't_occur_to_you_to_phone the police.
我想你根本就没想到打电话报警吧。
③It_had_never_occurred_to_him_that he might be falling in love with Mary.
他从来没想到他会和玛丽谈恋爱。
　[系统归纳]
sth. occurs/occurred to sb.　　　　 某事被某人想起
It occurs/occurred to sb. that ... 某人想起……
It occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth. 某人想起做某事
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(occur/strike)
④It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
⑤It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.
佳句时时写
⑥(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我本来打算去的，但我突然想起我还有一些作业要做。
I_had_meant_to_go,_but_it_occurred_to_me_that_I_had_some_homework_to_do.
[联想发散]　表示“某人突然想到……”还可用“It hit(s)/strikes (struck) sb.＋从句”结构，it在句中作形式主语。
3．burst vi.爆炸；冲，闯；突然发生n.爆发，突发
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中burst的含义
①That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more. 爆炸
②The police burst in and arrested the thief. 冲，闯
③The door burst open and Tom ran into the room. 突然发生
单句语法填空
④To our relief, the disease didn't burst out as expected.
⑤His partner meanwhile, burst into the room, gun in hand.
⑥His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.
⑦When she heard the news that her son won the game, she burst with joy.
句型转换
⑧Hearing this, the whole class burst out laughing, and my deskmate's face turned red.
→Hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter,_and my deskmate's face turned red.
　


[系统归纳]
(1)burst into/in　　　　 突然闯进；破门而入
burst out 突然迸发；爆发
burst into tears/laughter＝burst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑
burst with anger/joy/grief 勃然大怒/乐不可支/悲痛欲绝
(2)a burst of 一阵
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑨He burst in the room without knocking at the door, which made me very angry. in→into
佳句时时写
⑩(2014·安徽高考书面表达)首先，无需生气。其次，和你信任的朋友谈谈你的感受，这是发泄愤怒又不伤害他人或自己的好方式。
First,_it_is_not_necessary_to_burst_with_anger._Second,_talk_to_someone_you_trust_about_how_you_feel,_which_is_a_good_way_of_letting_your_anger_out_without_hurting_others_or_yourself.
[名师指津]　burst into中的into为介词，其后需接宾语；而burst in中的in为副词，其后无需接宾语。
4．discourage vt.使泄气，使灰心；阻止，劝阻
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He persevered despite discouragement (discourage) from those around him.
②Do not let any failures discourage (courage) you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.
③The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged (discourage) and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
完成句子
④My father is a lawyer, and he discourages_me_from_entering_the_field.
我父亲是一位律师，他不让我从事这个行业。
　[系统归纳]
(1)discourage sb. from doing sth.　 阻止某人做某事
(2)discouragement n. 阻止；泄气；挫折
(3)discouraged adj. 泄气的；气馁的
be/get discouraged 变得灰心，泄气
discouraging adj. 令人泄气的
　
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤I had a discouraged experience in this city yesterday.discouraged→discouraging
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·福建高考书面表达)这个故事的寓意是：不遗余力地获取知识，不管情况多么困难都不要轻易气馁。
The_moral_of_the_story_is:_spare_no_effort_to_acquire_knowledge_and_never_get_discouraged_easily_no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be.
5．witness vt.目击；见证vi.为……作证n.目击者；证人
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.
②The driver witnessed to having_seen (see) the man enter the building.
完成句子
③Police have appealed to anyone who witnessed_the_incident to contact them.
警方呼吁凡是目击这一事件的人与他们联系。
④Her latest book bears_witness_to her talent as a writer.
她最近出版的书证明她是位有才华的作家。
　[系统归纳]
(1) witness for　　　　　　 为……作证
witness to (doing) sth. 证明/作证(做)某事
(2)be a witness to 目击，看见；为……提供证据
give/bear witness to 为……作证，证明
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤The journalist was a witness on the incident in which eight people were injured.on→to
佳句时时写
⑥(2014·天津高考书面表达)我们的城市四季分明、阳光充足、雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能会觉得有点冷。
Our_city_witnesses_four_different_seasons,_plenty_of_sunshine_and_good_rainfall,_but_in_winter_you_may_feel_a_little_cold.

[名师指津]　witness作动词时，常用拟人化的方式陈述事实，即用事物名词直接作主语，表述既简洁又形象。有类似用法的动词还有see, find等。
6．significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Last but not least, health is also very significant (significance) for us students.
②At present, for the young, economic conditions are of great significance (significant) in many ways.
句型转换/完成句子
③As we all know, water is very significant to human being.
→As we all know, water is of great significance to human being.
④To be honest, a lot of people attach_great_significance_to becoming famous and rich.
坦白的说，许多人把名和利看得很重。
　[系统归纳]
(1)be of (great/no/little) significance to ...　　　　　　对……(很/不)重要
attach (great) significance to 认为……(很)重要
(2)significant adj. 重要的；明显的
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤As time goes by, I attach more great significance with doing what I am doing now. with→to
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·江苏高考书面表达)重要的是人们要遵守交通规则，这是每个人的责任。
It_is_significant_for_people_to_obey_the_traffic_rules,_which_is_everybody's_duty.
[联想发散]　常见的“be＋of＋抽象名词”：
①be of significance＝be significant
②be of importance＝be important
③be of value＝be valuable
④be of help＝be helpful
⑤be of use＝be useful




7．preserve vt.保护，保存；维护 n．动植物保护区
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The house buried underground for over 1,000 years is part of local history and should be preserved (preserve)．
②The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation (preserve), which are of great value to our study.
③They were determined to preserve their students from harm.
　[系统归纳]
(1)preserve sb./sth. from sth.　 保护……免受……
preserve sth.＋adj. 把某物保存得……
(2)preservation n. 保护，保存
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(reserve/preserve)
④I think these interesting old customs should be_preserved.
⑤I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.
佳句时时写
⑥(2010·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)十名学生将以“人与自然”为题发言，目的是尽力做一切事情来维护人与自然的和谐。
Ten_students_will_deliver_their_speeches_on_the_given_topic“Man_and_Nature”_so_that_we_will_do_everything_to_preserve_harmony_with_man_and_nature.
[名师指津]　preserve与reserve词形相似，但reserve 意为“保留；预订”。

1．come across 偶然遇见；被理解
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①(2014·湖北高考)Is this your necklace, Mary? I came_across it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.
玛丽，这是你的项链吗？今天早上我打扫浴室时偶然发现的。
②I can use the computer. When_it_comes_to_repairing_it,_I know nothing.
我会使用电脑。但谈到修电脑，我一无所知。
③Tom is the only one of the engineers who has come_up_with the solution.
汤姆就是唯一提出解决方案的工程师。
④How did it come_about that he knew where we were?
他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的？
　[系统归纳]
come out　　　　　　　 出现；出版；(花)开放；结果是
come about 发生
come up 发生，出现，走近；被提出
come up with 提出；想出
come to 总计；达到(某状况)；苏醒
when it comes to (doing) sth.　 当谈及(做)某事
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤She came to some old photographs in a drawer.to→across
佳句时时写
⑥(2013·浙江高考书面表达)当我遇见我有不同意见这种情况时，我或许选择放弃自己的意见而尊重大多数人的意见。
When_I_come_across_the_case_where_I_have_a_different_opinion,_I_may_choose_to_give_it_up_and_respect_the_opinion_of_the_majority.
2．put up with 容忍，忍受
　[系统归纳]
put away　　　　　　　 放好；收起来
put aside 储蓄；储存；留出；不考虑
put up 举起；张贴；建造
put forward 推荐；提出；拨快(钟表等)
put back 放回；拖延；拨慢(钟表等)
put on 穿上；上演；增加体重
put off 推迟，延期
put down 写下；记下
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(介、副词填空)
①I can't put up with their bad behavior any longer.
②Please put these files away before you leave.
③If you have any questions, put up your hand.
④The strike will put production back at least a month.
⑤Mary put on a pair of dark glasses.
⑥They wanted to come this evening but I put them _off_until tomorrow.
⑦These were the arguments which Carson put forward.
⑧She put aside a small sum of money every week to pay for her annual holiday.
佳句时时写
⑨(2015·广东高考书面表达)当谈到我的班级时，我不得不说我不能忍受一些同学的自私。
When_it_comes_to_my_class,_I_have_to_say_that_I_can't_put_up_with_some_classmates'_selfishness.
[联想发散]　表示“容忍，忍受”之意的除了put up with以外，还有stand, bear, tolerate, live with等。
3．hold up 支撑起；延误，延迟，耽搁；举起，抬起
　[系统归纳]
hold back　　　　　　 阻挡，抑制，控制
hold on 别挂断；坚持住，挺住
hold on to 抓住不放；坚持；保留
hold off 拖延，不接近
hold out (在困境中)坚持；伸出；维持
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(介、副词填空)
①(2015·湖南高考)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window.
②Can you hold on? I'll see if he is here.
③I'd thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable.
④My father said that if we believed something was true, we should hold on to it.
⑤Have your passport ready so you don't hold everyone up.
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·北京高考书面表达)我打算参加艰苦的龙舟训练营。如果你能坚持，我希望你也去。
I_intend_to_join_a_Dragon_Boat_Training_Camp,_which_is_tough.If_you_hold_on,_I'd_like_you_to_go_with_me.
4．count on依靠，指望；期望，料想
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We are counting down the days to the end of this summer holiday.
②Our parents are always the people that we can really count on.
③Few people can count on having (have) a job for life.
完成句子
④She counts_herself_as/to_be one of the lucky ones.
她认为自己是一个幸运者。
⑤If you are going out tonight, you'll have to count_me_out.
假如你们今晚要出去，别把我算在内。
一句多译
我们只能依靠他来营救我们。
⑥We can only count on him to_rescue_us/rescuing_us.
⑦We can only count_on_it_that he will rescue us.
　[系统归纳]
count on sth./sb.　　　　　　 指望/依靠某事/某人
count on doing sth. 指望做某事
count on sb.to do/doing sth. 指望/依靠某人做某事
count ... in/out 把……算入/不算入
count down 倒计时，倒数
count sb./sth. as/to be ... 认为某人/某物是……
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑧You may count on her that she will go with you. her→it
佳句时时写
⑨(2015·陕西高考书面表达)我真的想指望这次珍贵的机会，因为通过提供服务，我将会提高我的组织能力、交流技能以及在公共场合下我的自信。
I_really_want_to_count_on_this_precious_opportunity,_because_by_offering_my_service,_I_will_be_able_to_improve_my_organisational_ability,_communication_skills_as_well_as_my_confidence_in_public.

[联想发散]　表示“指望，依靠”的短语还有depend on, rely on, figure on以及reckon on，它们后跟宾语从句时一般要用it作形式宾语，然后再接that从句。
5．now that引导原因状语从句
　[教材原句]　Now_that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
　[自主体验]
①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)But now_that information is being spread and monitored (监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules.
但是由于信息以不同方式传播和监控，所以研究者正在发现新规则。
②They have made remarkable progress, considering (consider) that they only started last week.
考虑到他们是上周才开始的，他们已经取得了相当大的进步。
③(2017·天津高考)This type of wait is unusual in_that it is for the most part voluntary.
这种等待是不寻常的因为它大多是自愿的。
　[归纳点拨]
(1)now that“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句，相当于since, that可以省略。
(2)引导原因状语从句的常用词还有：because, as, since, in that, seeing that, considering (that)等。
　[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)(2016·江苏高考满分作文)Now that online voting becomes increasingly popular, many competitions get people involved in it.
②(增分要点句)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)Considering that ratings can save time to make decisions in shopping, it is both convenient and economical to buy books.
③(增分要点句)Seeing that he was working hard, he achieved great success.
6．形容词(短语)作状语
　[教材原句]　And so the day went on, until finally I climbed, tired_and_ashamed,_into bed.
　[自主体验]
①After a hard day at work, Mr. Black came back home, tired_and_hungry.
一天辛苦工作后，布莱克先生回到家，又累又饿。
②Eager_to_see_the_sunrise,_they got up at four.
急于去看日出，他们4点就起床了。
③One woman was lying in bed, awake,_listening to the rushing windows.
一位女士躺在床上，没有睡着，听着那急促的风声。
　
[归纳点拨]
tired and ashamed为形容词(短语)作状语，它往往用于补充说明主语所处的状态，主要表示原因、方式或伴随等。可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
　[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)These ratings, easy to access, are playing an increasingly important role in customers' purchase decision.
②(增分要点句)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)Confused, I simply based my decision on the ratings.
③(增分要点句)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Delighted to know you are interested in Tang poems, I'm writing to tell you the plan for the next class.

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The witness (目击者) was telling about the whole accident.
2．Frightened by the sudden thunder and lightning, the dog sat trembling (颤抖) in a corner.
3．It's the duty of the police to preserve (维护) the public order.
4．That evening they gathered (聚集) in my house and talked till it was late.
5．It occurred (出现) to him that he should go to see a dentist.
6．We were discouraged (泄气的) at the news that he lost the game.
7．He had to abandon (放弃) his research for lack of funds.
8．The book assesses the significance (意义) of Stalin's policies between 1927 and 1939.
9．I had no_sympathy (同情) for students who got caught cheating in exams.
10．A water pipe burst (爆裂) and the entire apartment was flooded.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．If you meet with any difficulty in your study, don't be discouraged (discourage)．
2．She shut the door heavily and burst out crying (cry)．
3．It suddenly occurred to him that they should take some measures to preserve the old tree standing alongside the street.
4．The following months was a witness to my efforts, and I finally made great progress in another important exam.
5．Social activities usually preserve old people from the loneliness of old age.
6．When he turned around the street corner, the pet dog abandoned (abandon) by its owner came into view.
7．Few people realized the significance (significant) of the discovery.
8．We can't count on this warm weather lasting.
9．With a new film to direct, the director has to put off his wedding until next year.
10．We've just come across an old friend we haven't seen for ages in the supermarket.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．The reference book I bought yesterday is of great significant to your history.significant→significance
2．The kids were splashing paint in abandon.in→with
3．With her money lost, she was at loss what to do.at后加a
4．They burst into laughing seeing him fall down the stairs.into→out或laughing→laughter
5．Thirsty and hunger, she went into the restaurant and seated herself at a little table.hunger→hungry
6．Hearing what the boss said, she came up a good idea to increase sales.up后加with
7．It was the third time that he have been out of work that year.have→had
8．It never occurred me that as one of the top students he should fail in the exam.occurred后加to
9．Our teacher told us to keep our chin up, do the best we can, and don't get discouraging.discouraging→discouraged
10．She held on her arm and wiped her tears off.on→up
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．His parents are trying to discourage_him_from_being_an_actor.
他的父母竭力阻止他当演员。
2．Hearing the song Where is all the time, she abandoned_herself_to_sadness.
听着歌曲《时间都去哪儿了》，她沉浸于悲伤之中。
3．The factory set up the year before is_of_great_significance to this area's economy.
前年建立的这个工厂对这一地区的经济非常重要。
4．Injured_in_the_leg,_he didn't take part in the football match.
由于腿部受伤，他没有参加那场足球比赛。
5．Now_that_you_know_why_you_want_to_wake_up,_consider re­arranging your morning activities.
既然你知道你为什么想要醒来，那么考虑重新安排你的早上活动。

本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“历史故事”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点

子话题——历史故事
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①queen　　　 ②ancient　　　 ③ancestor　　　 ④period
⑤president ⑥battle ⑦incident ⑧weapon
⑨historical ⑩escape ⑪read ⑫educate
⑬lawyer ⑭concern ⑮creation ⑯political
⑰difficult ⑱shabby ⑲knowledge ⑳candle
poor different create admit
talent artist wooden moral
situation different important
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①origin n．　　 　 起源　　　　 ②aggression n． 侵略
③betray vt. 出卖 ④feudal adj. 封建的
⑤primitive adj. 原始的 ⑥abolish vt. 废除；取消
⑦representative n. 代表 ⑧immigrant n． 移民
⑨uprising n. 起义 ⑩massacre n. 大屠杀
⑪invade vt. 侵略 ⑫occupy vt. 攻占；忙于
⑬slavery n. 奴隶制度 ⑭election n. 选举
⑮withdraw vt. 撤退 ⑯literature n. 文学
⑰minister n. 部长；大臣 ⑱acquire vt. 获得
⑲reflect vt. 反映；反射 ⑳afford vt. 买得起
emperor n. 皇帝 dynasty n. 朝代
revolution n. 革命 introduction n. 介绍
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①in peace　　　　　　　　　 和平
②at war 交战
③turn against 背叛
④serve in the army 服役
⑤defend ... against ... 防御……
⑥date back to 追溯到
⑦in memory of 为了纪念……
⑧have a history of 有……的历史
⑨at an early age 在早年
⑩set up 建立
⑪from the time of 来自……时代
⑫according to 根据
⑬under the influence of 在……的影响下
⑭collect legends 收集传说
⑮get discouraged 灰心丧气
⑯pay off 取得成功；得到回报
⑰get prepared for 为……做准备
⑱try one's best 尽力
⑲be absorbed in 专心于，全神贯注于
⑳spare no effort 不遗余力
become known as 作为……而变得出名
(四)写作佳句背一背
①In ancient times, the fast way to travel was to ride a horse or carriage.
②At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty in the seventh century, the lantern displays would last three days.
③Only when the system has been abolished will it be possible to abolish poverty, unemployment and war.

二、话题书面表达亮一点

(2015·福建高考)请阅读下面图画，按要求用英语写一篇词数为120左右的短文。
内容要求：
1．描述画面；
2．概述其含义；
3．谈谈个人感想。
注意：1.短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．可适当发挥，使文章内容充实、行文连贯；
3．文中不能出现考生的具体信息。
参考词汇：凿，钻bore
In the picture，___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句

sit, shabby, wooden, be absorbed in, well­known, poor, afford, candle, moral, spare no effort, acquire, knowledge, get discouraged, situation, difficult, different, reflect, count, pay off, try one's best, get prepared for　　
1．我们看到一个男孩。
We_can_see_a_boy.
2．他坐在一张破旧的木制的桌子旁。
He_sat_at_a_shabby_wooden_table.
3．一丝微弱的光进来。
A_weak_ray_of_light_came_in.
4．他专心读书。
He_was_absorbed_in_his_reading.
5．这是一个著名的故事。
This_is_a_well­known_story.
6．这个男孩很穷。
The_boy_was_poor.

7．他买不起蜡烛，因此他在墙上凿了一个洞。
He_couldn't_afford_even_a_candle,_so_he_bored_a_hole_in_the_wall.
8．这个故事的寓意是：不管境遇多么艰难，都要不遗余力地去获取知识，不要轻易泄气。
The_moral_of_the_story_is:_spare_no_effort_to_acquire_knowledge_and_never_get_discouraged_easily_no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be.
9．现在的情形完全不同了。
Things_are_totally_different_today._
10．不是故事本身而是故事反映的东西是很重要的。
Not_the_story_itself_but_what_is_reflected_in_the_story_counts.
11．有付出就有收获。
Hard_work_pays_off.
12．我们应该努力通过学习提高自己，为未来做好准备。
We_should_try_our_best_to_improve_ourselves_through_learning_and_get_prepared_for_the_future.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
13．在第1句中加入定语“穿着破旧的衣服”。
We_can_see_a_boy_in_worn_clothes.
14．在第2句中加入状语“在它上面有许多书”。
He_sat_at_a_shabby_wooden_table_with_a_pile_of_books_on_it.
15．在第3句后加入状语“通过墙上的一个小洞”。
A_weak_ray_of_light_came_in_through_a_small_hole_in_the_wall.
16．在第5句中加入介词短语“来自一个古代中国成语”。
This_is_a_well­known_story_from_an_ancient_Chinese_idiom.
17．在第7句中加入状语“在晚上‘偷’邻居家的光来读书”。
He_couldn't_afford_even_a_candle,_so_he_bored_a_hole_in_the_wall_to_“steal”_light_from_his_neighbor's_house_to_read_at_night.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
18．把第14句改为现在分词短语作状语，然后与第13句合并。
We_can_see_a_boy_in_worn_clothes,_sitting_at_a_shabby_wooden_table_with_a_pile_of_books_on_it.
19．用并列连词and连接第4句与第15句。
A_weak_ray_of_light_came_in_through_a_small_hole_in_the_wall_and_he_was_absorbed_in_his_reading.
20．把第6句中的was poor改为非谓语动词短语，然后与第17句合并。
The_boy,_being_poor,_couldn't_afford_even_a_candle,_so_he_bored_a_hole_in_the_wall_to_“steal”_light_from_his_neighbor's_house_to_read_at_night.
21．用强调句型改写第10句。
It_is_not_the_story_itself_but_what_is_reflected_in_the_story_that_counts.
22．用take pains升格第12句中的try one's best。
We_should_take_pains_to_improve_ourselves_through_learning_and_get_prepared_for_the_future.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文

In_the_picture,_we_can_see_a_boy_in_worn_clothes,_sitting_at_a_shabby_wooden_table_with_a_pile_of_books_on_it._A_weak_ray_of_light_came_in_through_a_small_hole_in_the_wall_and_he_was_absorbed_in_his_reading.
This_is_a_well­known_story_from_an_ancient_Chinese_idiom._The_boy,_being_poor,_couldn't_afford_even_a_candle,_so_he_bored_a_hole_in_the_wall_to_“steal”_light_from_his_neighbor's_house_to_read_at_night._The_moral_of_the_story_is:_spare_no_effort_to_acquire_knowledge_and_never_get_discouraged_easily_no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be.
However,_things_are_totally_different_today._It_is_not_the_story_itself_but_what_is_reflected_in_the_story_that_counts._Hard_work_pays_off._Therefore,_we_should_take_pains_to_improve_ourselves_through_learning_and_get_prepared_for_the_future.

Ⅰ.根据提示填空
Abraham Lincoln was born in a log cabin in Kentucky on February 12, 1809. When he was a small boy, his family moved to the frontier of Indiana. Here, his mother taught him ❶to_read (read) and write. Lincoln had very little formal education, but he became one of the ❷educated (educate) men of the Great West.
When Lincoln was a young man his family moved to the new state of Illinois. Lincoln had to earn a living ❸at_an_early_age (在早年), but in his leisure time he studied law. He soon became one of the best­known ❹lawyers (law) in the state capital at Springfield, Illinois. It was here that Lincoln became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas on the subject of ❺slavery (奴隶制)．
In 1860, Lincoln was elected ❻president (总统) of the United States. He was the candidate of the new Republican Party. This party opposed the ❼creation (create) of new slave states. Soon after his ❽election (elect), some of the Southern states ❾withdrew (撤退) from the Union and set_up (建立) the Confederate States of America. This action brought on the terrible Civil War which lasted from 1861 to 1865.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
under the influence of， policy， collect legends， minister， political， concern， literature， according to， become known as， from the time of
Qu Yuan, born in the Xiling Gorge area of what is today western Hubei Province, was a minister in the government of the State of Chu, descended from nobility and a champion of ❶political_loyalty and truth eager to maintain the Chu State's power. Qu Yuan advocated a ❷policy of alliance with the other kingdoms of the period against the hegemonic Qin State, which threatened to dominate them all. Legend has it that the Chu king fell ❸under_the_influence_of_other corrupt, jealous ❹ministers who slandered Qu Yuan and banished his most loyal counselors. It is said that Qu Yuan returned first to his family's home town. In his exile, he spent much of this time ❺collecting_legends and rearranging folk odes while travelling the countryside, producing some of the greatest poetry in Chinese ❻literature and expressing fervent (炽热的) love for his state and his deepest ❼concerns for its future.
❽According_to legend, his anxiety brought him to an increasingly troubled state of health; during his depression, he would often take walks near a certain well, during which he would look upon his reflection in the water and his own person, thin and gaunt. According to legend, this well ❾became_known_as the “Face Reflection Well”. Today on a hillside in Xiangluping in Hubei Province's Zigui, there is a well which is considered to be the original well from_the_time_of Qu Yuan.

一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·北京高考)In today's information age, the loss (lose) of data can cause serious problems for a company.
2．(2018·北京高考)During the Mid­Autumn Festival, family members often gather_(gather) together to share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
3．(2016·北京高考)Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred (occur).
4．(2015·广东高考)Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned (abandon).
5．(2015·重庆高考)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical (music) gift was fully recognized.
6．(2015·福建高考)The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged (discourage) and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
7．(2015·江苏高考)The whole team count on Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用abandon, significance, loss, come across, warmth, suffering填空)


1．(2016·10月浙江高考)I was just astonished at the question in my own mind. I was dumbfounded (惊呆) at the __54__ of it. Yes, you can fool everyone else, but you cannot “fool the chickens”， because in the end, you will find out, as the saying goes, “What goes around comes around.”____________
2．(2015·天津高考)Then he explained: He'd seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that we'd appreciate the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a __33__ by selling it to us, but it was worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there.____________
3．(2015·北京高考)“And we won't play so loud or late！” Dario said. He was already looking forward to practicing the new music.More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother's face. It gave him a feeling of __55__ and made him feel that they were home at last.____________
4．(2013·江苏高考)It was__41__， full of broken glass and rubbish.I found the owner, rented it, and cleared a corner to camp in.____________
5．(2012·福建高考)We were nine when we became friends. During the school holidays, we'd explore the countryside on our bicycles, hoping to __44__ the unexpected.____________
6．(2009·浙江高考)We all agreed that we had seen things that should never be allowed to happen.Now, what could we do about it？Together, we began to brainstorm ways we could help to ease the __38__ we had seen.____________
答案：1.significance　2.loss　3.warmth　4.abandoned
5．come across　6.suffering
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：我国是一个拥有五千年历史的文化古国，在历史长河中，许多历史故事给我们的学习与生活带来诸多启发，“历史故事”是高考的一个热点话题。通过阅读此类话题的文章，考生不仅能学习和了解一定的历史知识，还能提高他们的历史底蕴和文化修养，有利于考生的身心健康成长。在平时的话题训练中，建议考生多留意与历史故事相关的一些素材。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加黑词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
(2017·浙江高考阅读A)Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel's hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged (蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The_cat's_lot_was_about_to_improve. That year, one of Benjamin's cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.
In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin's parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams, a well­known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine­year­old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了美国绘画之父本杰明·韦斯特小时候的艺术启蒙。
21．What is the text mainly about?
A．Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.
B．Williams' influence on Benjamin.
C．The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.
D．The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.
解析：选C　主旨大意题。文章从本杰明在六岁时自制画笔作画写起，到后来利用专业工具作画，再到知名画家送给本杰明书籍，都是在讲述本杰明是如何一步步走上艺术之路的。故选C项。
22．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?
A．The cat would be closely watched.
B．The cat would get some medical care.
C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly.
D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.
解析：选D　句意理解题。由前文可知，本杰明在没有专业画笔之前是用猫的毛制作画笔的。画线句的字面意思是“猫的命运将会得到改善”。由该段后文可知，本杰明的堂兄送给了他专业的颜料和画笔。由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。

23．What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?
A．He took him to see painting exhibitions.
B．He provided him with painting materials.
C．He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.
D．He taught him how to make engravings.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章末段首句“In the city, Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”可知，为了更好地发展本杰明的绘画天赋，堂兄Pennington给了他很多帮助，提供了创作油画的材料，故选B项。
24．Williams' two books helped Benjamin to ________.
A．master the use of paints
B．appreciate landscape paintings
C．get to know other painters
D．make up his mind to be a painter
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段本杰明说的话以及“While it is likely that he understood ... The nine­year­old boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可推知，Williams给本杰明的两本关于绘画的著作帮助本杰明打开了艺术之门，使他立志成为艺术家，故选D项。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
利用文章主线和关键信息提炼文章大意
不是每篇文章都有明确的主题句，有些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，但没有用一句明确的话表达出来。这就要求做题时根据文章的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析，找出相同点，再归纳成一般概念。也就是利用文章的主线和关键信息(事实、细节、观点等)提炼文章大意。此类文章通常是叙述一件事的发展过程，或是陈述一系列同等重要的细节或事实。如上文第21题，根据文章第一段首句以及第四段首句和最后一段并结合全文可知，文章主要讲述了本杰明少年时代的艺术启蒙。故选C项。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·广西三市联考)You may be familiar with the following famous people, but have you heard of their graduation speeches, in which they either share their unforgettable experiences or give you some great inspiration?
●Michael Dell, University of Texas at Austin
And now you've accomplished something great and important here, and it's time for you to move on to what's next. And you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps ... You must also commit to the adventure. Just have faith in the skills and the knowledge you've been blessed with and go.

●J.K.Rowling, Harvard University
Half my lifetime ago, I was striking an uneasy balance between my ambition and the expectations from my parents who were not rich ... But what I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. The fact that you are graduating from Harvard suggests that you know little about failure. You might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success.
●Steve Jobs, Stanford University
Sometimes life's going to hit you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith ... Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking, and don't settle.
●Bill Gates, Harvard University
We need as many people as possible to have access to the advanced technology to lead to a revolution in what human beings can do for one another. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world's inequities (不公平) like hunger, poverty and so on.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四位世界著名人物在毕业典礼上的演讲，包括迈克尔·戴尔、J.K.罗琳、史蒂夫·乔布斯和比尔·盖茨。
1．What Michael Dell said is to urge us to ________.
A．listen to our heart
B．learn from our mistakes
C．follow others' example
D．pursue our dreams
解析：选D　推理判断题。由第二段可知，迈克尔·戴尔认为毕业之时是继续前进的时候，鼓励人们勇于探索冒险，鼓足信心，用自己的技能和知识继续前进；据此可以判断，迈克尔·戴尔鼓励人们追求自己的梦想，故D项正确。
2．What did J．K. Rowling fear most when she was studying in university?
A．Failure.　　　　　　B．Hunger.
C．Poverty. D．Parents' expectations.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“But what I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure”可知，J.K.罗琳在大学时最害怕的不是贫穷，而是失败；故A项正确。
3．What does Bill Gates suggest people do?
A．Master as much advanced technology as possible.
B．Work together to solve some global problems.
C．Make contributions to the environment.
D．Take responsibility for their own behavior.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，比尔·盖茨鼓励人们协同工作，一起解决全球的饥饿、贫穷等不公平问题，故B项正确。
B
Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the great men of the nineteenth century.In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H．M.S. Rattlesnake.The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas.This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career.The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物)．
On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work.Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest was turning towards vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals.For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved (进化), one from another.No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwin's Origin of Species appeared.Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”．
For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin's work.In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man's Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes (猿)．He clearly showed similarities.
Despite his many achievements he was given no award by the British state until late in his life.From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research.He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today.He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了英国生物学家、教育家赫胥黎的生平以及他的主要科学研究。
4．Why did Huxley go on the voyage?
A．To explore the deep sea.
B．To do research on sea animals.
C．To work as a doctor on the ship.
D．To gather information for his paper.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的“In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H．M.S.Rattlesnake”可知，赫胥黎进行这次航行的最初目的是在船上担任助理医生。

5．How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection?
A．He had doubt about it.
B．He thought highly of it.
C．He couldn't understand it.
D．He thought he developed it first.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided ‘the working hypothesis (假说) we sought’”可知，赫胥黎很重视达尔文的自然选择学说。
6．What do we know about Huxley's book Man's Place in Nature?
A．It discusses the importance of human beings.
B．It focuses on Darwin's theory of natural selection.
C．It talks about the differences between man and apes.
D．It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，赫胥黎在他的著作《人类在自然界的位置》中比较了人类与猿之间的相似处，说明它们在进化过程中的联系。
7．What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph?
A．He continued his research till his death.
B．He contributed a lot to biology teaching.
C．He never got awards for his achievements.
D．He became a good novelist late in his life.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting ‘type animals’ is still followed today”可知，赫胥黎在生物教学方面做出了很大的贡献。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·合肥质检)My mom has been and will always be my biggest inspiration. She is a single parent of eight children, and I have no idea how she __1__. Throughout the years, my mom has overcome many hardships which could easily __2__ someone with little faith.
Even __3__ doctors questioned if my little sister Jessica would live to see the age of 1, my mom never lost __4__. After countless visits to multiple doctors, my mom __5__ to bring her home and make the best of my sister's life __6__ receiving the same results from different hospitals.
Jessica's numerous hospital visits definitely __7__ her, but my mom never showed signs of __8__. Her strength helped Jessica through every __9__ time. No matter how confused Jessica was, my mom always made her feel as if there was absolutely nothing to __10__， which enabled Jessica to live the life of a __11__ child. She attended a public school, went to parties to dance around excitedly. We actually __12__ that she was even sick.
__13__， things began to take a turn for the worse. Around her 6th birthday, Jessica lost sight, which __14__ the loss of sensation in her left arm at the age of 5. However, that was it and doctors had no __15__. The whole family were heartbroken and __16__， at a point of no return. Once again, my mom found a way to __17__ us all. She made it her job to let us know that she had a strong support system. She decided to __18__ her job and attend to her every need. With my mom sleeping by her side every single night, I noticed their __19__ grow stronger than anything. Now Jessica is 20 years old and is enjoying her college life.
My mom gets us to realize that no matter how __20__ our trials may appear, we have a support system. We are a family that will always be there for one another.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了一位有着8个孩子的单亲妈妈的励志故事。
1．A.failed　　　　　　　 B．survived
C．graduated D．developed
解析：选B　根据下文中的“Throughout the years, my mom has overcome many hardships which could easily ________ someone with little faith”可推知，作者的母亲作为一位有着8个孩子的单亲妈妈，能够把孩子们都拉扯大实在是令人难以想象。survive“从(困难)中挺过来”符合语境。
2．A.guide B．push
C．refresh D．discourage
解析：选D　根据下文中的“with little faith”可推知，那些困难很容易让缺乏信心的人灰心。discourage“使灰心”符合语境。
3．A.until B．when
C．unless D．since
解析：选B　根据语境可知，when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，与上文中的“Throughout the years”呼应。
4．A.hope B．control
C．interest D．patience
解析：选A　根据下文可知，Jessica后来上了学，去参加派对。由此可推知，在医生质疑Jessica能否活到一岁时，作者的母亲从没有放弃希望，而是坚持带她去治疗。
5．A.refused B．threatened
C．decided D．hesitated
解析：选C　根据上文中的“After countless visits to multiple doctors”可推知，后来母亲做了决定，不再带Jessica去医院了，而是让她回家，尽情享受生活。
6．A.far from B．regardless of
C．apart from D．instead of
解析：选D　根据空后的“receiving the same results from different hospitals”可推知，作者的母亲在去医院和把孩子带回家之间，做出了选择。instead of“而不是……”符合语境。
7．A.upset B．destroyed
C．satisfied D．relieved
解析：选A　一个小孩子去医院次数多了，肯定会心烦意乱，与下文中的“No matter how confused Jessica was”呼应。upset“使烦恼，使心烦意乱”符合语境。
8．A.wisdom B．curiosity
C．weakness D．sympathy
解析：选C　由下文中的“Her strength”可推知，作者的母亲并没有因为孩子去医院次数多而表现出软弱。
9．A.ripe B．tough
C．lonely D．precious
解析：选B　由上文中的“Jessica's numerous hospital visits”可推知，Jessica的处境很艰难。tough“艰苦的，困难的”符合语境。
10．A.worry about B．rely on
C．learn from D．show off
解析：选A　由上文中的“Her strength”可推知，母亲的力量使Jessica无论多么困惑，都感到好像完全没有什么要担心的，这与下文Jessica可以正常的上学、参加派对、跳舞等形成呼应。
11．A.difficult B．super
C．gifted D．regular
解析：选D　根据下文中的“She attended a public school, went to parties to dance around excitedly”可推知，Jessica在母亲的帮助下，像一个正常的孩子一样生活。
12．A.forgot B．declared
C．discovered D．sensed
解析：选A　根据空后的“she was even sick”可推知，母亲对Jessica的帮助让他人都忘记了Jessica还有病的真实状况了。
13．A.Hopefully B．Suddenly
C．Gratefully D．Seriously
解析：选B　根据上文可知，在母亲的帮助下，Jessica的生活似乎是正常的，又由空后的“things began to take a turn for the worse”可推知，突然地，Jessica的情况开始变得糟糕。
14．A.reduced B．caused
C．followed D．removed
解析：选C　根据语境可推知，Jessica的情况恶化得相当严重，先是5岁时，左臂失去知觉，之后又失去了视力。follow“在……之后”符合语境。

15．A.answer B．doubt
C．reason D．mercy
解析：选A　句意：然而，事实就是这样，医生们也束手无策。answer“解决办法”符合语境。
16．A.guilty B．annoyed
C．confused D．innocent
解析：选C　根据空后的“at a point of no return”可推知，作者一家人很难过，也很困惑，觉得事情没有了转机。
17．A.blame B．screen
C．respect D．favor
解析：选B　根据语境可知，在Jessica病情恶化的情况下，母亲再次找到了保护我们的办法。screen“保护”符合语境。
18．A.offer B．finish
C．continue D．quit
解析：选D　根据下文中的“attend to her every need”可推知，母亲辞去工作，全力陪护病情恶化的Jessica。
19．A.faith B．will
C．bond D．conflict
解析：选C　根据上文中的“With my mom sleeping by her side every single night”可推知，Jessica和母亲的感情纽带由此变得更强了。
20．A.complete B．temporary
C．unfair D．unbearable
解析：选D　由上文中的“No matter how confused Jessica was ... live the life of a ________ child”可推知，作者通过Jessica的例子明白，无论生活中的考验多么难以忍受，母亲都是他们最大的支持。unbearable“难以忍受的”符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·武汉调研)The energy that so many outsiders feel when they are in China comes not just from the hurrying footsteps that can __1__ (see) everywhere. It also comes from a sense that it is used for something bigger.
A few years ago, I interviewed Zhang Xin, a young man from a __2__ (deep) poor agricultural province in central China. His parents were wheat __3__ (farmer) and lived in a tiny one­room house next to the fields. He __4__ (graduate) from Tsinghua University and gotten a job as a software engineer at Huawei. His success, Zhang told me one day, had changed his family forever, __5__ (keep) his families away from hard labor forever. Not his parents. Not his children. That kind of life was over.
Multiply that young man's story by millions, __6__ you will get a sense that this once very backward society has become __7__ forward­looking country. A smart American who lived in China for years put it this way: “China is making a great effort to become __8__ it has not yet become. It is upwardly mobile, proudly so.”
Proudly so, because as Zhang understood, hard work today means a much __9__ (good) life decades from now for __10__ (he) later generations and the country.
语篇解读：本文是社会生活类说明文。作者采访了一位出身贫苦、毕业于清华大学的张先生，说明了知识能够改变命运、改变家庭的道理。
1．be seen　考查被动语态。that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词footsteps，并且在从句中作主语；定语从句中主语与动词see之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；因空前为情态动词can，故填be seen。
2．deeply　考查副词。空处修饰形容词poor，作状语，要用副词。deep作副词讲时意为“在深处，深深地”；deeply为副词，意为“非常”，符合语境。
3．farmers　考查名词单复数。他的父母都是种植小麦的农民，根据语境可知空处应用名词；根据空前的His parents和were可知，空处应用名词复数。
4．had graduated　考查动词的时态。根据and之后的gotten可知，这里要用完成时；大学毕业的动作是在“interviewed”这个过去的动作之前发生的，所以要用过去完成时。
5．keeping　考查非谓语动词。keep与主语His success之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词短语作状语，对谓语动词had changed进行补充说明。
6．and　考查连词。“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”是固定句型，故空处应填and。
7．a　考查冠词。此处泛指一个国家，要用不定冠词，且forward­looking的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
8．what　考查连接词。空处是一个连接词，引导了一个从句，作become的表语。空处在表语从句中作become的表语，表示“什么”，所以要用what。
9．better　考查形容词的比较级。根据空前的much，并结合语境可知，此处要用比较级。
10．his　考查代词。空处作定语，修饰后面的名词later generations，所以要用形容词性物主代词。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2019·石家庄模拟)March 5th is a day in honor of Lei Feng, who people are called on to help others. On the morning of that day this year, our class met the school gate and went to a Hope Primary School by the bus. Upon arriving there, they gave us a warmly welcome. We gave the students some books, food or clothes. And then, we played several game with them and told them stories. Before we leave, we took a photo with them. See their smiling faces, we both felt a sense of happiness. We went home and promised to go back whenever possible. How an unforgettable experience it was!
答案：第一句：who→when
第二句：met后加at; 去掉by后的the
第三句：warmly→warm
第四句：or→and
第五句：game→games
第六句：leave→left
第七句：See→Seeing; both→all
第九句：How→What