2020版高考新创新一轮复习英语北师大版学案：选修6Unit17Laughter

Unit 17 Laughter

一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．anecdote n． 轶事，趣闻
2．ridiculous adj. 荒谬的，可笑的
3．sunburnt adj. 晒黑的
4．thriller n. 惊险小说(戏剧、电影)
5．psychology n. 心理学
6．being n. 人；物；生物
7．comedy n. 喜剧
8．comedian n. _喜剧演员
9．seal vt. 封，密封
10．saucer n. 茶托，茶杯碟
11．compensate vt. 补偿，赔偿
12．string n. 绳，线
13．loaf n. (面包的)一条
14．yawn vi. _打哈欠
15．cross­talk n. 相声
16．component n. 成分，组成部分
17．agency n. _ 代理处，经销处
18．agent n. 代理人，经销商
19．authority n. 权威；权力
20．mature adj. 成熟的
21．counter n. 柜台
22．tension n. 紧张，焦虑
23.campaign n．　　　　　 运动
24．identification n. 身份
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．clarify vt. 澄清，讲清楚
2．withdraw vt. 提取；撤退
3．forbid vt. 禁止，不准
4．border n. 国界，边境
5．overlook vt. 忽略，忽视
6．swiftly adv. 迅速地
7．delay n. 延误，延期
8．acknowledge vt. 承认，认可
9．figure n. 人物
10．scold vt. 骂，责骂
11．obtain vt. 获得，得到
12．tough adj. 艰难的；不幸的；强壮的
13．rarely adv. 很少，难得
14．visa n. 签证
15．yell vi. 叫喊，叫嚷
16．queue vi. 排队
n. 队列，长队
17．purely adv. 完全地，仅仅
18．desperate adj. 不顾一切的
19．depth n. 深(度)，纵深
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．amuse vt.逗乐，使(某人)笑→amusement n．娱乐，消遣；快乐的事→amused adj.娱乐的，觉得好笑的→amusing adj.逗人笑的，好笑的
2．convince vt.使相信→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.相信的，信任的
3．harmony n．协调，和谐→harmonious adj.和谐的，协调的
4．scare vt.使恐惧→scared adj.惊恐的，担惊受怕的→scary adj.可怕的，(某人)吓得发抖的
5．profession n．职业，专业→professional adj.职业的
6．universal adj.通用的，普遍的；全世界的→universe n．宇宙
7．astonish vt.使惊讶，使惊骇→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonished adj.惊讶的→astonishment n．惊奇
8．caution n．谨慎，小心→cautious adj.谨慎的，小心的→cautiously adv.谨慎小心地
9．responsen.回应，应答→respond v．回答，答复
10．messy adj.凌乱的，肮脏的→mess n．混乱
[语境活用]
1．The cautious boy looked around cautiously and then walked across the road with caution.(caution)
2．Seeing the scary film, Mary was almost scared to death.(scare)
3．It is reported that the famous star didn't respond to her divorce while her friends had different responses to it.(response)
4．Mr. Wang is an amusing person who often amuses us with amusing stories. So staying with him is really a kind of amusement.(amuse)
5．To our astonishment,_the famous star died.That's to say, we were astonished at the news of her death, and it was really astonishing.(astonish)
6．If everyone can live in harmony with others, our society will become more harmonious.(harmony)
7．His convincing words finally convinced me, and I was convinced that he was innocent.(convince)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.burst_out_laughing 突然笑起来
2．cash_a_cheque 兑现支票
3．wait_in_line 排队
4．get_rid_of 处理掉，摆脱
5．fool_around 胡闹，瞎弄；虚度光阴，闲荡
6._result_in 导致，造成
7．from_time_to_time 不时地
8．run_into 撞上；陷入
9．put_on 假装；穿上；上映
10．turn_sb.off_ 令人讨厌
11．regardless_of 不管，不顾
12．pull_faces_ 做鬼脸
13．thanks_to 幸亏；由于
14．do_sb.good 对某人有益
15．play_around 四处游戏
1.In order to keep healthy, you should_get_rid_of the bad habit of smoking.
2．He serves the people heart and soul, regardless_of his personal gain or loss.
3．He didn't expect to run_into so many of his friends in this party.
4．She burst_out_laughing when she heard the good news that she was admitted into her ideal university.
5．Not working hard enough resulted_in his failure.
6．Thanks_to your help, we finished the work ahead of time.
7．It's good manners to wait_in_line_ in public places.
8．It will not do_you any good if you drink large amounts of water after heavy exercise without any rest.
9．The children were playing_around on the beach.
10．I cashed_a_cheque at the bank this morning.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Have you ever had trouble trying to spell a word?
你有没有拼不出单词的时候？
have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”。
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我的英语很差以至于我对所附材料的文字和格式的了解有困难。
My English is so poor that I have_trouble_knowing about the words and format of the enclosure.
2.He becomes so desperate in the end that he even hides some inside the purse of a woman sitting near him ...
最后他不顾一切，甚至把一些(生肉)藏在坐在旁边的一位女士的钱包里……
“so ...that ...”引导结果状语从句。
(2013·福建高考书面表达)结果，孩子们变得如此依赖他们的父母以至于他们没有独立的想法或创意。
As a consequence, children become so_reliant_on_their_parents_that they have no independent thoughts or creative ideas.
3.While still at primary school, Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent.
还在上小学时，罗恩就已经表现出令人赞叹的表演天赋。
while引导的省略句。
(2016·天津高考书面表达)当参观艺术展览时，我们讨论艺术家的作品。
While_visiting the art exhibition, we discussed the great artists' works.
4.... I felt at least forty more of the same kind following the first.
……跟着第一个，我又感觉到了至少40多个同样的(人)。
“of＋名词”结构。
(2014·四川高考书面表达)况且，我感到紧张是正常的，因为这次考试对我来说非常重要。
Besides, it is normal for me to feel nervous, because the exam_is_of_great_importance to me.
二、课堂重点深化

1．forbid (forbade, forbidden) vt.禁止，不准
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He was forbidden to_leave (leave) the house, as a punishment.
②For the benefit of health, people forbid smoking (smoke) in the office.
③My father forbade me from meeting my friends online at the Internet cafe!
一句多译
他父亲禁止他去任何网吧。
④His father forbade_him_to_go to any net bar.
⑤His father forbade_his__going to any net bar.
⑥His father forbade_him_from_going to any net bar.
　[系统归纳]
(1)forbid doing sth.　　　 　禁止做某事
forbid sb. sth.　 禁止某人某事
禁止某人做某事
(2)forbidden adj. 禁止的；不准的
　
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑦I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets offering free plastic shopping bags.offering前加from
佳句时时写
⑧(2012·福建高考书面表达)更甚的是，他们吐痰甚至向湖里扔垃圾，这是在公共场合完全禁止的行为。
What's_worse,_they_spat_and_even_threw_rubbish_into_the_lake,_which_is_forbidden_totally_in_public_places.
[联想发散]　forbid后用动名词作宾语，用动词不定式作宾语补足语。类似的还有allow, encourage, advise, permit等。
2．astonish vt.使惊讶，使惊骇
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He was astonished to_see (see) a man lying in the box on the top of a pile of woolen goods.
②Everyone is astonished at/by the news that he's learned Latin in three months.
③After hearing the news, she stared at me in astonishment.
④China is developing at an astonishing (astonish) speed，and will soon be one of the most powerful countries in the world.
完成句子
⑤To_my_astonishment,_it disappeared completely.
令我吃惊的是，它消失的无影无踪了。
⑥It_did_not_astonish_her_at_all_that he had gone.
他走了，她对此一点都不吃惊。
　[系统归纳]
(1)It astonishes sb. that ...　 令某人惊讶的是……
(2)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at/by ... 对……感到惊讶
be astonished to do ... 因做……而感到惊讶
astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的
(3)astonishment n. 惊奇，惊异
to one's astonishment＝to the astonishment of sb.
让某人感到惊讶的是
in astonishment 惊讶地
　
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑦He looks astonishing when he looks at the menu.astonishing→astonished
佳句时时写
⑧(2015·浙江高考书面表达)我们正在讨论去哪里郊游，令我吃惊的是，大部分同学想去公园而我想去一个更好的地方。
We_were_discussing_where_to_go_for_an_outing._To_my_astonishment,_most_of_my_classmates_wanted_to_go_to_a_park_while_I_had_an_idea_of_going_to_a_nicer_place.
3．acknowledge vt.认可，承认；对(某人所做的事)表示感谢；告知收到
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge stealing (steal) the lady's purse.
②We are sending you a small sum of money in acknowledgement (acknowledge) of your help.
③Red roses are acknowledged to_be (be) the flowers of Valentine's Day.
句型转换
④People widely acknowledge that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
→It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
⑤It's universally acknowledged that Tom is one of the top students in our class.
→Tom is universally acknowledged as/to be one of the top students in our class.
　[系统归纳]
(1)acknowledge sb./sth. to be/as ...
认为某人/物是……； 承认某人/物是……
acknowledge doing sth.　　　　　 承认做某事
It is universally/widely acknowledged that ...
……是 大家公认的
(2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥That is widely acknowledged that a great number of traffic accidents contribute to numerous deaths.第一个That→It

佳句时时写
⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)大家普遍认为，你到达的时间不能迟于规定的时间。
It_is_widely_acknowledged_that_your_arrival_shouldn't_be_later_than_the_fixed_time.
4．delay n．& v．延误，延期
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①I have to delay_answering_his_question,_waiting for the right moment.
我不得不推迟回答他的问题，等有了适当的时机再说。
②We shall inform you of fresh developments without_delay.
一有新的进展我们将立即通知你。
③They should have arrived at lunchtime but their_flight_was_delayed.
他们本该在午饭的时候到达，但是他们的航班延误了。
　[系统归纳]
delay doing sth. ＝put off doing sth.　推迟/延迟做某事
without delay 毫不耽搁；立刻
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④They had delayed have children, for the usual reason, to establish their careers.have→having
佳句时时写
⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)如果你想申请会员，你需要填写申请表发送邮件到pingpong@123.com。截止日期是7月20号。如果你真的有特殊原因，可以延期到7月25号。
If you want to apply for membership, you are required to fill in the application form and send an email to pingpong@123.com.The deadline is July 20th. If you really have special reasons, you can delay the date until July 25th.
5．amuse vt.逗乐，使(某人)笑
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He stopped and watched with amusement (amuse) to see the child so absorbed.
②The kids were so amused (amuse) with the comedian's performance that they burst into laughter.
③We were greatly amused to_hear_ (hear) about him sitting on the wet paint.
④The movie we saw last night was very amusing (amuse)，wasn't it?
完成句子
⑤To_our_amusement,_he was wearing a pair of red shoes.
令我们感到好笑的是，他竟然穿了双红鞋。
⑥The audience_was_amused_at/by the magician's tricks.
观众被魔术师的魔术逗乐了。
⑦It was too rainy to play outside, so she amused_herself_by/with_a_book.
雨太大了，不适合在外面玩，所以她看书消遣。
　[系统归纳]
(1)amuse sb./oneself by/with sth. 通过……来取乐某人/自己
(2)amusement n. 消遣，娱乐
to one's (great) amusement　 令人感到(极)好笑的是
(3)amused adj. 感到快乐的
be amused at/by 对……感到好笑
be amused to do sth. 做某事而感到好笑
amusing adj. 有趣的，逗乐的
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑧From his amusing look, we can tell he is interested in this story.amusing→amused
佳句时时写
⑨(2016·天津高考书面表达)令我们感到非常快乐的是，这里的每个人都是大家庭的一员，我们相互学到很多。
Much_to_our_amusement,_everyone_here_is_a_member_of_our_big_family_and_we_learn_a_lot_from_each_other.
6．convince vt.使相信；说服
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We convinced him to_go (go) by train rather than by plane.
②That was the most convincing (convince) words I had ever heard.
③We were able to convince the students_of_the need for wide reading.
完成句子
④Because they were_convinced_of_the_accuracy of the data, they stuck to their opinion.
因为他们相信数据的精确性，所以他们才坚持他们的意见。
⑤The picture convinces_me_that it is even more important to be a good daughter than a good student.
这幅图画让我深信做一个好女儿甚至比做一个好学生更重要。

　[系统归纳]
(1)convince sb. to do sth.　　 说服某人做某事
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
convince sb. that ... 使某人相信……
(2)convinced adj. 确信的，深信的
be convinced of/that ... 坚信/确信……
convincing adj. 信服的；有说服力的
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥You'll need to convince them on your enthusiasm for the job.on→of
佳句时时写
⑦(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)此次展览的主题是环保。时间从6月15号开始，持续三个周。我确信欢迎任何感兴趣的学生参加。
The_theme_of_the_show_is_environmental_protection._It_will_start_from_June_15th_and_last_for_three_weeks._I'm_convinced_that_any_student_who_is_interested_is_welcome_to_participate.
7．desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的；铤而走险的，不顾一切的；非常需要的；极度渴望的
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①These children in the mountainous area are desperate to_learn (learn) more knowledge.
②He was in desperation (desperate) when he found all his belongings missing.
③I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately (desperate) threw myself at that guy like a bullet.
完成句子
④The children are in_desperate_need_of love and attention.
这些孩子们非常需要爱与关心。
⑤The man lost in the desert was_desperate_for water.
在沙漠中迷失方向的人极度渴望得到水。
　[系统归纳]
(1)be desperate for sth.　　　　 渴望某物
be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事
in desperate need (of) 非常需要(……)
(2)desperation n. 拼命；不顾死活；绝望
(3)desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常地
　
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥The little girl was desperate to her mother's attention. to→for
佳句时时写
⑦(2015·四川高考书面表达)作为回报，我希望你能帮我练习口语。当我说英语时，我经常感到很紧张。我渴望你的帮助，你能给我一些克服这方面的建议吗？
In_return_I_hope_you_can_help_me_with_my_spoken_English._When_I_speak_English,_I_often_feel_a_little_nervous._I_am_desperate_for_your_help._Can_you_give_me_some_advice_on_how_to_overcome_it?
8．scare vt.使恐惧；使害怕；惊吓 n．恐慌；恐惧
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①It was the high price that scared possible buyers away/off.
②They were scared (scare) that the ship would be wrecked.
③To tell you the truth, the movie is too scaring (scare)．
完成句子
④I was nearly scared_to_death when I was alone in the building.
当大楼里就我一个人时，我几乎被吓死。
⑤She tries to scare_the_child_into_behaving_well.
她试图恐吓这个孩子让其守规矩。
⑥He was_scared_to_stay/of_staying outside late at night because he was_scared_of_being_robbed/to_be_robbed.
深夜他不敢待在外面，因为害怕被抢劫。
　[系统归纳]
(1) scare sb. into doing sth.　 恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. to death 使某人大受惊吓，吓得要死
scare ... away/off 把……吓跑
(2)scared adj. 受惊吓的；感到害怕的
be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物
be scared 害怕做某事
scaring adj. 令人害怕的；吓人的
　
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑦The government tried to scare people of being silent. of→into
佳句时时写
⑧(2013·福建高考书面表达)这样的情形是令人担忧的。我个人看来，过度保护和过度恐吓都对孩子的发展很不利。相反，父母应该鼓励孩子克服困难，激励他们自我发展。
Such_a_situation_is_of_great_concern.In_my_opinion,_overprotection_or_too_much_scare_is_extremely_bad_for_children's_development._Instead,_parents_should_encourage_their_children_to_overcome_difficulties_and_inspire_them_to_develop_by_themselves.
9．caution n．谨慎，小心；警告vt.警告，告诫；提醒
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He is a cautious (caution) person, so whatever he does, he is not only thoughtful but careful.
②You must treat every word in the contract with caution.
句型转换/完成句子
③The guidebook cautions us not to walk alone at night.
→The guidebook cautions us against walking alone at night.
④Be_cautious_about_money in WeChat of your smartphones.
要当心手机里微信上的钱。
　[系统归纳]
(1)with caution 　　　　　　　　　 小心地，谨慎地
(2)caution sb. not to do sth./against doing sth. 警告某人不要做某事
caution sb. about .../that ... 警告某人……
(3)cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的
be cautious about/of/with ... 对……很小心
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤She cautions me making friends with the naughty boy.making前加against
佳句时时写
⑥(2013·北京高考书面表达)第二天早上，我发现我妈妈不舒服。她感冒了。我立即去给她拿药，小心地照顾她。
Just_the_next_morning,_I_found_my_mother_wasn't_feeling_well.She_had_a_cold.I_immediately_went_to_get_her_some_medicine_and_took_care_of_her_with_caution.

10．resist vt.抵抗，抵制
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He found it hard to resist buying (buy) these books.
②It is believed that elderly people are always resistant (resist) to change.
③There has been a lot of resistance (resist) to this new law.
句型转换
④She couldn't help making jokes about his bald head.
→She couldn't resist making jokes about his bald head.
完成句子
⑤Many young girls aren't_resistant_to_the_delicious_food,_so they become fat.
许多年轻女孩对美食没有抵抗力，因此就变胖了。
　[系统归纳]
(1)resist doing sth.　　　　 反对做某事
can't resist doing sth.＝can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的
be resistant to sth. 对某物有抵抗力
(3)resistance n. 抗拒；反对
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥She just can't resist tell other people what to do.tell→telling
佳句时时写
⑦(2016·四川高考书面表达)第一次去乡下叔叔家，我就情不自禁地爱上了夏天。
The_first_time_I_went_to_my_uncle's_house_in_the_country,_I_couldn't_resist_falling_in_love_with_summer.
[名师指津]　resist表示“忍住”时常与表示否定意义的can't/can hardly/be not able to等连用；resist 后接动词­ing形式，不接不定式。
11．harmony n．协调，和谐，融洽
　[自主体验]
完成句子

①Human life is regarded as a part of nature and, strictly speaking, the only way for us to survive is to_live_in_harmony_with_nature.
人类的生活被认为是大自然的一部分，严格说来，我们生存的唯一方法就是与自然和谐相处。
②It is a_harmonious_community where pupils are very happy.
这是一个友好的集体，学生们很开心。
③It was she that was out_of_harmony_with the actual world, not the staff.
是她，而不是员工们和实际生活格格不入。
　[系统归纳]
(1)in (out of) harmony with ... 与……协调一致(不协调)
live in harmony 和睦相处，和谐共处
(2)harmonious adj. 协调的；和睦的，友好的
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④I believe it is possible for different ethnic groups to live together on harmony.on→in
佳句时时写
⑤(2014·天津高考书面表达)此外，每位学生都能与外国朋友和谐融洽，这会使你容易与他们相处。
In_addition,_every_student_can_be_in_harmony_with_foreign_friends,_which_makes_it_easy_for_you_to_get_along_with_them.


1．regardless of 不管，不顾
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①Regardless_of whether he is right or wrong, we have to follow his decisions.
不论他是对还是错，我们不得不听从他的决定。
②In_spite_of great efforts, he failed to earn enough money to decorate the house. However, he decided to decorate it regardless_of the cost.
尽管付出了很大的努力，他还是没能挣到装饰房子的钱。然而，不管花费多少，他都决定装修。


　[系统归纳]
regardless of＝without considering　 不管
in spite of/despite 尽管(表示让步)
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(in spite of/regardless of)
③They made it at last in_spite_of the great difficulty.
④The amount will be paid to everyone regardless_of whether they have children or not.
佳句时时写
⑤(2013·大纲卷书面表达)在中国，尽管每个中国结只有12.99美元，但它们代表友谊、爱和好运。
In_China,_these_knots_stand_for_friendship,_love_and_good_luck_in_spite_of/despite_only_＄12.99_each.
[名师指津]　regardless of后可接whether, what引导的从句，而in spite of和despite后一般不接从句，但可以跟the fact that ...。
2．run into 撞上；偶遇(困难、问题等)；偶然碰到；陷入
　[系统归纳]
run across　　　　　　　　　 偶然碰见
run out (of) 用完；耗尽
run away (from) 逃避；逃跑；离开
run after 追赶；追求
run over (撞倒并)碾压，压过
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(介、副词填空)
①I ran across/into_an old friend of mine in the street, whom I haven't met for years.
②If you run _after two hares, you will catch neither.
③You can't just run away from the situation.
④We have already run out of_our money and I don't know what to do next.
⑤The dog narrowly missed being run over by a car.
佳句时时写
⑥(2011·安徽高考书面表达)作为高中生，在学习的过程中我们遇到一个又一个的困难。每一个人都有处理困难的方法。在此我愿意和大家分享一下。
As_high_school_students,_we_run_into_one_difficulty_after_another_in_the_process_of_learning._Everyone_has_their_own_way_to_deal_with_them._Here_I_would_like_to_share_mine._

3．result in 造成，导致，结果是
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He was late as a result of the snow.
②The weather was bad, as a result, we had to put off our hiking.
③I've been trying to open the box, but without result/in vain so far.
句型转换
④His failure resulted from his laziness.
→His laziness resulted in his failure.
　[系统归纳]
(1)result from　　　　　　 由于……而引起
(2)as a result 结果(在句中作状语，常用逗号与句子隔开)
as a result of ... 由于……
without result＝in vain 没有结果；白费
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Stress and tiredness often result from a lack of concentration.from→in
佳句时时写
⑥(2012·江苏高考书面表达)目前，竞争和有压力的社会导致了一些冲突。在这种情形下，我们应该相互友善，这对享有一个和谐的生活是很必要的。
At_present,_competitive_and_stressful_society_result_in_some_conflicts._In_this_case，we_should_be_kind_to_one_another,_which_is_essential_to_enjoying_a_harmonious_life.It is also a virtue to forgive and forget.
4．while引导的省略句
　[教材原句]　While still at primary school, Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent.
　[自主体验]
①So while sitting (sit) in the classroom and doing my papers, I felt confident and was full of energy.
因此，当我坐在教室做试卷时，我感到信心十足、精力旺盛。
②If chosen (choose), Mr. Brown, who is rich in experience, will turn out to be an excellent manager.
如果被当选，经验丰富的布朗先生会成为一名优秀的经理。
③If_necessary,_you should turn to your parents for help.
如果有必要，你应该向你的父母求助。
　[归纳点拨]
(1)while still at primary school为状语从句的省略，完整形式为while he was still at primary school。
(2)在由while, when, if, as if, even if/though, though, although, until, once, unless 等引导的状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致或从句中的主语是it，且从句中含有be的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。
　[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)When told you are interested in Tang poems, I am very delighted.
②(增分要点句)(2016·江苏高考满分作文)In short, Internet voting, to some extent, is unfair, if not immoral, and cannot be trusted.
③(精彩收尾句)(2016·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)If convenient for you, let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week.

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．As a kid, I was always getting scolded (责骂) by my father for being naughty.
2．In rock climbing, no amount of skill will make up for a lack of caution (谨慎)．
3．He has become a figure (人物) known to everyone.
4．As soon as the results of the vote were announced, the Prime Minister acknowledged (承认) defeat.
5．He had not realized the depth (深度) of their feelings for each other.
6．A good teacher can clarify (讲清楚) all the questions students may have about their lessons.
7．I think it a good idea to forbid (禁止) smoking in public places.
8．The father was desperate_ (渴望) to get the job to feed his three children.
9．To our astonishment (吃惊), he couldn't pass the driving test.
10．The boy was scared (害怕) of being punished when his mother came in.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It is not surprising that someone can't resist smoking (smoke) a cigarette while under stress.
2．While climbing (climb) the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.
3．He had to delay completing (complete) the task, for he had to look for the lost child.
4．They were dancing and singing on the square, much to the amusement (amuse) of passers­by.
5．You might feel confused, scared (scare), or shocked by the news.
6．The school forbids students to_play (play) basketball in the classroom.
7．The earthquake resulted in more than 2,000 deaths.
8．You should be cautious about making such mistakes.
9．He acknowledged having_made/making (make) a mistake in the process of calculating.
10．There is convincing (convince) evidence that smoking causes lung cancer now.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．He broke the law because he wasn't resistant on the temptation.on→to
2．Never delay do something you should finish today.do→doing
3．However amused it is, I have to put the storybook away to concentrate on my lessons._amused→amusing
4．She lowered herself into the pool and held out a hand to a shark on caution, but it swam away.on→with
5．The government is trying to convince the public its determination to get tough on corruption.public后加of
6．You can't imagine the trouble I had persuaded him to change his mind._persuaded→persuading
7．He does what he wants to do, regardless what I say.regardless后加of
8．When asking why he was so sad, the student said he had been robbed of the opportunity of going abroad.asking→asked_
9．A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoked in the kitchen.smoked→smoking
10．The professors have run over trouble while designing the new machine.over→into
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．The piano was out_of_harmony_with the rest of the instruments.
钢琴弹得与其他乐器不协调。
2．It_astonishes_me_that he should be so thoughtless.
我真没料到他竟然如此轻率。
3．The joke told by Tom was so amusing_that every one of us couldn't_resist_laughing.
汤姆讲的这个笑话是如此的好笑以至于我们每个人都禁不住笑了起来。
4．While_working_in_that_factory,_he made many friends.
在那个工厂工作时，他交了许多朋友。
5．We finally convinced_them_of_our_honesty and they decided to cooperate with us.
我们最终使他们相信了我们的诚信，他们决定与我们合作。

本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自我”中的“娱乐活动”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——娱乐活动
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①hobby　　　 ②interest　 　 ③reading　　　 ④singing
⑤cooking ⑥popular ⑦game ⑧especially
⑨army ⑩learn ⑪hope ⑫laughter
⑬amazing ⑭funny ⑮joke ⑯perform
⑰recognize ⑱laugh ⑲train ⑳exciting
skating skiing basketball volleyball
football tennis badminton swimming
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①comedy n．　　 喜剧　　　 ②drawing n．　　 图画；画画
③antique n. 古玩，古董 ④handicraft n. 手工艺
⑤chess n. 象棋 ⑥bridge n. 桥牌
⑦sewing n. 缝纫 ⑧sculpture vt. 雕刻
⑨pottery n. 陶器 ⑩opera n. 歌剧
⑪online adv. 在线地 ⑫battle n. 战役；斗争
⑬represent vt. 代表 ⑭culture n. 文化
⑮club n. 俱乐部 ⑯amusement n. 娱乐，消遣
⑰delight vt. 使高兴 ⑱audience n. 观众
⑲wrestling n. 摔跤 ⑳jogging n. 慢跑
camping n. 宿营 hunting n. 打猎
marathon n. 马拉松 throwing n. 投掷
surfing n. 冲浪 boxing n. 拳击
traveling n. 旅游 hiking n. 长途徒步旅行
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①romantic film　　　　　　　　 爱情片
②science fiction film 科幻片
③action film 动作片
④horror film 恐怖片
⑤keep the brain busy 保持大脑活跃
⑥be interested in/have a taste for 对……有兴趣
⑦go dancing/shopping 跳舞/购物
⑧go boating/fishing 划船/钓鱼
⑨see a film/watch a movie 看电影
⑩go to the theater 去剧院
⑪play cards/chess/bridge 打扑克/下棋/打桥牌
⑫collect stamps/coins/antiques 集邮/收藏硬币/收藏古董
⑬Chinese chess 中国象棋
⑭play against 同……比赛
⑮jazz music 爵士音乐
⑯board game 棋类游戏
⑰enjoy oneself 玩得开心
⑱move around 四处走动
⑲give performances 演出
⑳acrobatic clown 杂技小丑
in good physical condition 身体状况良好
play basketball/football/tennis/volleyball
打篮球/踢足球/打网球/打排球　
play golf/badminton/table tennis 打高尔夫球/打羽毛球/打乒乓球
(四)写作佳句背一背
①He keeps exercising all year round, even in the hottest days in summer and the coldest days in winter.
②This is a good talent show, which is very popular with the young people.
二、话题书面表达亮一点
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Jack对中国文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封邮件介绍你的一个爱好——中国象棋。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　




[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句

be interested in, culture, hobby, Chinese chess, popular, board game, represent, battle, army, keep the brain busy, especially, game, online, hope, learn, play against　　
1．听说你对中国文化很感兴趣，我很高兴。
I_am_glad_to_hear_that_you_are_interested_in_Chinese_culture.
2．现在我想告诉你我的爱好之一，中国象棋。
Now_I_would_like_to_tell_you_about_one_of_my_hobbies,_Chinese_chess.
3．它是中国最受欢迎的棋类游戏之一。
It_is_one_of_the_most_popular_board_games_in_China.
4．这个游戏代表两军之间的一场战斗。
The_game_represents_a_battle_between_two_armies.
5．下象棋是一种保持大脑活跃的好方式。
Playing_Chinese_chess_is_a_good_way_to_keep_the_brain_busy.
6．它尤其重要。
It_is_especially_important.
7．你可以在网上玩这个游戏。
You_can_play_the_game_online.
8．我希望你能学它。
I_hope_you_can_learn_it.
9．不久我们可以在网上进行比赛。
We_can_play_against_each_other_online_soon.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
10．在第4句后加入状语“目标是俘获敌人的将军”。
The_game_represents_a_battle_between_two_armies,_with_the_object_of_capturing_the_enemy's_general.
11．在第6句后加入介词短语“对老人和孩子”。
It_is_especially_important_for_both_elderly_people_and_children.
12．在第7句前加入状语从句“如果你喜欢它”，在句后加入状语“在一天的任何时间”。
If_you_like_it,_you_can_play_the_game_online_anytime_in_the_day.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
13．用which引导的非限制性定语从句合并第2句与第3句。
Now_I_would_like_to_tell_you_about_one_of_my_hobbies,_Chinese_chess,_which_is_one_of_the_most_popular_board_games_in_China.
14．用active升格第5句中busy，然后用which引导的非限制性定语从句与第11句合并。
Playing_Chinese_chess_is_a_good_way_to_keep_the_brain_active,_which_is_especially_important_for_both_elderly_people_and_children.
15．用so that引导的状语从句合并第8句与第9句。
I_hope_you_can_learn_it_so_that_we_can_play_against_each_other_online_soon.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
本篇文章在介绍中国象棋、下象棋的好处及作者提出的建议时，句与句之间衔接连贯、过渡自然，不需要再额外添加连接词。
Dear_Jack，
I_am_glad_to_hear_that_you_are_interested_in_Chinese_culture.Now_I_would_like_to_tell_you_about_one_of_my_hobbies,_Chinese_chess,_which_is_one_of_the_most_popular_board_games_in_China.The_game_represents_a_battle_between_two_armies,_with_the_object_of_capturing_the_enemy's_general.Playing_Chinese_chess_is_a_good_way_to_keep_the_brain_active,_which_is_especially_important_for_both_elderly_people_and_children.If_you_like_it,_you_can_play_the_game_online_anytime_in_the_day.I_hope_you_can_learn_it_so_that_we_can_play_against_each_other_online_soon.
Yours，
Li_Hua

Ⅰ.根据提示填空
Starting with just five people, on March 13, 1995, at a public park in his neighborhood, Dr. Kataria started the first ❶laughter (laugh) club. They laughed together in the park to the ❷amusement (amuse) of by­standers, and the small group quickly grew to more than 50 people within a few days. In the early meetings, they stood in a circle with one person in the center to tell a joke or a ❸funny (fun) story. Everybody ❹enjoyed_themselves (玩得开心) and felt good for the rest of the day. However, after two weeks, their ❺jokes (笑话) and stories ran out. Some complained that it would be better to discontinue the ❻club (俱乐部) than to continue without any jokes. Dr. Kataria asked the club members ❼to_give (give) him one day to develop a ❽breakthrough (突破) that would solve the problem.
That night, Dr. Kataria reviewed his research and finally found the answer. Our body cannot make a ❾difference (differ) between pretended and genuine laughter. In fact, both produced the same effect. The next morning, the results were amazing (amaze).
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
laugh， audience， delight， funny， train， performer， give performances， in good physical condition， acrobatic clown， move around
Throughout history there have always been people who can make other people laugh. Early clowns (小丑) often both annoyed and ❶delighted audiences with their comments and songs. They were not the silent ❷performers seen in today's circus rings (马戏场). Clowns lost their voices when the large three­ring circuses made it impossible for the ❸audience to hear them.
Circus clowns ❹give_performances in various ways. Walk­around clowns use an animal or something as part of their performance. A carpet clown ❺moves_around,_talking with the audience and performing while the acts change in the rings. Then there are ❻acrobatic_clowns,_riding clowns, juggling clowns and others.
Everything a clown does looks easy, but it's not. Making people ❼laugh can be hard work. Clowns must be ❽in_good_physical_condition to prevent injuries. Each ❾funny move is carefully timed and well­practiced. Most clowns have also been trained as acrobats, jugglers or aerial artists, and many include such skills into their acts.

一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2015·安徽高考)If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth (deep) and variety.
2．(2015·福建高考)Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with_nature.
3．(2014·福建高考)Having spent the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more_mature (mature) than those of her age.
4．(2014·江西高考)I don't believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to_convince (convince) me.
5．(2014·福建高考)Our club is open to everyone regardless of_age, sex or educational background.
6．(2014·福建高考)It is widely acknowledged (acknowledge) that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
7．(2014·陕西高考)When the delayed (delay) flight will take off depends much on the weather.
8．(2014·湖南高考)To free ourselves from the physical and mental tensions (tense), we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
9．(2014·福建高考)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely (rare), if ever, reaching 30℃ in summer.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用astonish, run into, forbid, scold, delay, resist, messy, tough填空)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Much to the family's surprise, Dennis stuck to his promise! He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey's husband was totally __54__ by the unexpected visit.“I don't think we would have randomly invited him over but we appreciate it and the gifts.”____________
2．(2017·天津高考)As I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would __28__ the same difficulties that beat me before.____________
3．(2014·重庆高考)Wearing proper clothes is important too, for locals will judge you by what you wear. In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is __33__， especially if you are a woman. So leave your torn jeans at home.____________
4．(2014·广东高考)According to a recent research, the most common argument between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over__3__rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children's refusal to help with the housework.____________
5．(2014·天津高考)She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was puzzled. The question kept me wondering for the rest of the night. I had said “yes” but for the first time, I realized the __20__ decisions adults had to make.____________
6．(2014·广东高考)Parents may__14__their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space.____________
7．(2012·湖北高考)“You can't leave the back part bare，” noted Mr. Johnson. He fixed a metal box with buttons behind the seat, and said, “Is there anything better than this oven when you feel hungry on your way? I can give you a special discount.”I was not strong enough to __50__ the offer.____________
8．(2010·四川高考)Recently, I flew to Las Vegas to attend a meeting.As we were about to arrive, the pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight __21__ before setting down.High desert winds had forced the airport to close all but one runway.____________
答案：1.astonished　2.run into　3.forbidden　4.messy
5．tough　6.scold　7.resist　8.delay
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：在工作与学习之余，娱乐活动必不可少，诸如钓鱼、登山、旅行、看电影、唱歌以及个人兴趣爱好等，“娱乐活动”成为高考的热门话题。通过阅读此类话题的文章，考生不仅能了解各种娱乐活动，为枯燥的学习生活增添色彩，还可以培养个人兴趣爱好、促进其身心健康发展。建议考生在平时多关注与娱乐活动相关的一些材料。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加黑词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
(2016·全国卷Ⅱ阅读A)
What's On?
Electric_Underground
7：30 pm－1：00 am　Free at the Cyclops Theatre
Do you know who's playing in your area? We're bringing you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract (合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7：30 pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He's going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.
Gee_Whizz
8：30 pm－10：30 pm　Comedy at Kaleidoscope
Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He's the funniest stand­up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7：00 pm for drinks and snacks (快餐)．
Simon's_Workshop
5：00 pm－7：30 pm　Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years' experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.
Charlotte_Stone
8：00 pm－11：00 pm　Pizza World
Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new bestselling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta (面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer，and white wine.
语篇解读：本文是一篇由四则广告组成的应用文。分别介绍了一个讲座、一个喜剧演员的演出、一个喜剧演员的工作室以及一个有爵士乐和美食的好去处。
21．Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?
A．Jules Skye.　　　　　　　 B．Gee Whizz.
C．Charlotte Stone. D．James Pickering.
解析：选A　细节理解题。从题干的“have your music produced”判断本题的答案出处在第一则广告，该广告说晚上7点半有Jules Skye的关于音乐的讲座报告，因此选A项。
22．At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?
A．The Cyclops Theatre. B．Kaleidoscope.
C．Victoria Stage. D．Pizza World.
解析：选B　细节理解题。第二则广告里说，Gee Whizz是最滑稽的单口喜剧演员(stand­up comedian)，他的表演能够让所有人快乐，下至孩童上到老人(from the youngest to the oldest)。表演的地点是Kaleidoscope，因此选B项。
23．What do we know about Simon's Workshop?
A．It requires membership status.
B．It lasts three hours each time.
C．It is run by a comedy club.
D．It is held every Wednesday.
解析：选D　细节理解题。本题涉及第三则广告的相关信息。从“5：00 pm－7：30 pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage”可以判断，该活动每个星期三举办，故D项正确。
24．When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?
A．5：00 pm－7：30 pm. B．7：30 pm－1：00 am.
C．8：00 pm－11：00 pm. D．8：30 pm－10：30 pm.
解析：选C　细节理解题。从题干可知解本题的信息来自最后一则广告，该广告开头就交代了时间：晚上8点到11点，因此选C项。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
应用文——采用“题干定位法”解题
题干定位法属于“查读法”的一种。在高考试题中，应用文的设题方式通常是就某一点提问，以细节理解为主，因此，考生完全没必要从头到尾仔细阅读。在做此类题时，宜采用“题干定位法”，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题的要求，按照题目顺序依次有针对性地结合题干中的关键词到文中定位，阅读相关部分并快速寻找有效信息，再将原文和选项进行比较。当问题与原文材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。如上文第21题，根据题干中的关键词have your music produced可判断本题的答案出处在第一则广告，该广告说晚上7点半有Jules Skye的关于音乐的讲座报告，因此选A项；再如第23题，根据题干中的关键词Simon's Workshop，可定位到第三则广告的相关信息中“5：00 pm－7：30 pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage”，由此可以判断，该活动每个星期三举办，故D项正确。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·成都诊断)
Teen Summer Camps Abroad
Adventure, Volunteer, Study & Travel Programs
Educational Travel for High School Students and Groups
Celebrating 26 years of community service­based adventure travel programs for high school students and groups! Choose from Community Service, Global Action and Adventure travel opportunities.
Location: Worldwide
Dates: 1－4 week programs; June through August
Cost：＄1,950 per week (10% off book before May 10th)
Tel: 303－545－2202
French Summer Camp in the French Alps
High­quality Teenage French Summer program in Morzine in the French Alps, just one hour from Geneva. Combine language learning with great cultural and outdoor activities in a fun, safe mountain village environment.
Dates: July 8th－August 19th
Cost: About ＄2,400 for 2 weeks
Tel: 450－790－0838
Adventures Cross­Country: Meaningful Service. Real Connections. True Adventure.
ARCC Programs provides international adventure programs in 20 countries and 4 western states. With over 30 years of experience, ARCC has remained a pioneer of adventure travel and teen summer programs for young people.
Dates: 2－5 week programs every summer; June through August
Cost：＄1,900－＄2,200 per week
Tel: To get more information or request a catalog, call our headquarters at 415－332－5075.
Abbey Road High School Summer Program in Florence, Italy
Spend this summer learning about Italian art history, language, cuisine, film, and fashion in the beautiful and historic city of Florence. Enjoy delicious authentic pasta, and go on weekly trips to discover Italy.
Dates: 2 week option July 1－15 or July 15－30 | 3 week option July 1－22 |Full Program: 4 week option July 1－30
Costs: ＄4,095 (2 weeks) |＄6,295 (3 weeks) | ＄7,095 (4 weeks)
Tel: 888－462－2239
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了四个国外青少年夏令营活动。
1．If you choose a two­week program in June with the lowest cost, which number would you call?
A．450－790－0838.　　 　 B．888－462－2239.
C．415－332－5075. D．303－545－2202.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一个活动介绍中的“Cost: ＄1,950 per week (10% off book before May 10th)”“Tel: 303－545－2202”，并结合题干可知，五月十号前预订的话在六月份参加这个夏令营活动的最低费用是：1 950×2×90%＝3 510(美元)，是所有夏令营活动中费用最低的，故选D。
2．What most probably makes Adventures Cross­Country special?
A．Its location. B．Its cost.
C．Its provider. D．Its dates.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三个活动介绍中的“With over 30 years of experience, ARCC has remained a pioneer of adventure travel and teen summer programs for young people”可知，Adventures Cross­Country的特色之处在于其提供者ARCC是该领域的带头人，故选C。

3．What do we know about French Summer Camp in the French Alps?
A．It lasts the whole summer.
B．It provides different week options.
C．It helps participants learn French and have fun.
D．It offers chances to learn the history of Geneva.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二个活动介绍中的“Combine language learning with great cultural and outdoor activities in a fun, safe mountain village environment”可知，法国夏令营可以帮助参与者在学法语的同时玩得很开心，故选C。
B
(2019·福州质检)When was the last time you told someone he inspired you to go to work each morning?
Teachers at Oak Park High School in Kansas City, Missouri, did just that this September, when they pulled individual students out of classes to tell them just how much they appreciated them.
The students' reactions, which were captured (捕捉) on video and shared on YouTube, a now viral video website, ranged from shy thanks to hugs and tears.
“I have been challenged to find a student who makes me want to come to school every day，” said one teacher in the video, “and that's you.”
Jamie McSparin, a teacher in charge of the school's academy program for at­risk sophomores (二年级学生) and juniors, posed the challenge, writes ABC News.
“Initially when we pulled the kids out, they all thought they were in trouble，” McSparin told ABC News. “Any teacher­student interaction always seems to be negative (消极的), and that was something that bothered me too. No matter if they're good kids or troublemakers or anything, they always thought they were in trouble，” she said.
McSparin said she got the idea for the project after attending a professional development workshop this summer called “the power of positivity”．
“I like the idea of letting students know they are appreciated, because we do appreciate them. I just don't think we say it enough，” she told local news outlet WDAF­TV.
It's safe to say the challenge was effective.
“I feel special，” said one of the boys in the video. “You should，” said his teacher. “You are special.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国一所高中的老师发起一项挑战，将学生单独拉到教室外，向他们表达感激之情的故事。
4．What does the underlined word “posed” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Presented. B．Rejected.
C．Ignored. D．Evaluated.
解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据文章第五段和第六段可知，Oak Park High School的老师Jamie McSparin发起了这项挑战，并参与其中。present意为“提出”，与post词义相近，符合题意。
5．How did the students probably feel when pulled out of the classroom at first?
A．Nervous. B．Thrilled.
C．Curious. D．Encouraged.
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第六段第一句中的“Initially when we pulled the kids out, they all thought they were in trouble”可知，最初把孩子们拉出来时，他们都认为他们有麻烦了。因此可推断出起初当学生们被拉到教室外时他们感到很紧张，故本题选A。B项意为“兴奋的，高兴的”；C项意为“好奇的”；D项意为“受到鼓舞的”。
6．What inspired McSparin to challenge the project?
A．The trouble caused by students.
B．The need of shooting the video.
C．A seminar named “the power of positivity”．
D．A program related to students' interactions.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第七段可知，McSparin说她是在今年夏天参加了一个叫作“积极的力量”的专业发展研讨会之后有了这个想法的，故选C。
7．What message does this text mainly convey?
A．Challenge is unavoidable in life.
B．Everyone needs to be appreciated.
C．Positivity outweighs negativity.
D．News media contribute to students' progress.
解析：选B　主旨大意题。根据文章内容尤其是倒数第三段的内容可知，老师将学生拉出教室，向他们表达感激之情，是因为“每个人都需要被感激”。故本题选B。
C
(2019·陕西质检一)It's easy to keep your aging brain as quick as it was in college. Use a website full of brain games or download the right apps, and within 20 minutes you'll be doing your part to sharpen your memory and slow the decline of your mental functions. At least that's what the companies behind this booming industry would have you believe. But is it true?
Concrete proof about the benefits of brain games is hard to come by, experts say, when it comes to measurably improving aspects of mental fitness, like having a good memory. “People would really love to believe they could do something like this and make their brain better, but there's just no solid evidence，” says Randall W. Engle, a primary investigator at the Attention & Working Memory Lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology.

That's not to say brain games are without benefits. Experts say these kinds of mental exercises can change your brain. The brain changes with just about everything you do, including mental training exercises. But numerous studies have shown that brain games lack what researchers call “transfer”. In other words, repeating a game over and over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it but your brain aging won't necessarily come to a stop.
“It's like, you walk through fresh snow, and you leave a trace. If you walk the same route again, the trace gets deeper and deeper，” says Ursula Staudinger, director of the Butler Columbia Aging Center at Columbia University. The fact that structural changes occur does not imply that in general this brain has become more capable. It has become more capable of doing exactly the tasks it was practicing.
语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。据说脑力游戏可以提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能的衰退，但是研究表明，脑力游戏仅能提高玩家对游戏技巧的掌握，并不能真正阻止大脑的老化；其作用还有待证明。
8．We can infer from the first paragraph that ________.
A．brain games improve the memory
B．brain aging actually can be quitted
C．people don't believe brain games
D．the author doubts the effect of brain games
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“At least that's what the companies behind this booming industry would have you believe. But is it true？”可知，这个蓬勃发展的行业背后的公司会让人相信脑力游戏可以提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能的衰退，但作者对其真实性表示怀疑，故D项正确。
9．What does Engle think of the functions of brain games?
A．They really make some difference.
B．Their effects still need proving.
C．People like to be led by the nose.
D．People don't believe the effects.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“People would really love to believe they could do something like this and make their brain better, but there's just no solid evidence”可知，Randall W. Engle 认为这种游戏的功能还有待证明，故B项正确。
10．The underlined word in Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”．
A．stopping the brain aging
B．having the brain working
C．making the brain more passive
D．speeding up the brain aging
解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“In other words, repeating a game over and over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it but your brain aging won't necessarily come to a stop”可知，多次重复玩一个游戏，会让你更加熟练地操作游戏，但大脑老化并不能停止；结合画线词所在句可知，很多研究都表明脑力游戏不能使大脑停止老化，故A项正确。
11．Which can be the best title of the passage?
A．Games Stop Brain Aging
B．Unavoidable Brain Aging
C．Games' Roles Need Proving
D．Games Improve Your Brain
解析：选C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了能提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能衰退的脑力游戏，但是研究表明，这些游戏仅能提高玩家对游戏技巧掌握的能力，并不能真正阻止大脑的老化；游戏的作用还有待证明。据此可知，C项最适合作为本文的标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
About 43 years ago, I spotted an advertisement in the paper for the YMCA wilderness program.__1__My first experience was a boat trip.I still have the images of sunrises and sunsets with all the beautiful colours on Lake of the Woods.
__2__Even now I can feel the cold water dripping (滴) down my arm as we sat in the boat pulling the paddles (桨)awkwardly through running water.It was my first experience in a boat and my arms became tired after many hours of paddling.
We stopped for lunch in the boat by gathering all the boats together.__3__
At night it was time to camp at our site picked out by our guide. There we learned to start campfires and cook some of our meals. This is where I fell in love with noodles.__4__ We cleaned up our mess and put up our tents (帐篷) and slept on the ground. We learned to carry the heavy packs to our next destination. I developed a sense of accomplishment and had arm muscles after that trip.
There were no phones, makeup, hair dryers ... just us and the bush.We came from different backgrounds with different personalities and we all had to work together as a group.
__5__ I kept a journal from that second trip and often go back to it.
A．They dropped us off in the bush.
B．I had to experience more of the wilderness.
C．I was 15 and wanted to do something different.
D．Our guide handed out chocolate, cheese, and dried meat.
E．I liked the boat trip so much that I joined the “survival” trip the next year.
F．It was wonderful sharing simple meals over the fire and talking with new friends.
G．As a teenager, I didn't know that I was having the best adventure a teenager could have.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次参加荒野项目的经历。

1．解析：选C　结合本空前面的“About 43 years ago”， “wilderness program”和本空后面的“My first experience was a boat trip”可知，C项“当时15岁的我想要做一些不一样的事情”符合语境。
2．解析：选G　根据本空后面的“Even now I can feel the cold water dripping (滴) down my arm”， “pulling the paddles (桨) awkwardly”， “my arms became tired”和第四段末的“a sense of accomplishment”可知，G项“作为一名青少年，我并不知道自己正在经历一次最好的冒险活动”符合语境。
3．解析：选D　根据本空前面的“stopped for lunch”可以锁定D项中的chocolate, cheese, and dried meat。代入后，“我们的导游分发了巧克力、奶酪和肉干”符合语境。
4．解析：选F　根据本空前面的“start campfires and cook some of our meals”可以锁定F项中的sharing simple meals over the fire。代入后，“在篝火旁和新朋友分享简单的食物并聊天是一件很棒的事情”符合语境。
5．解析：选E　根据本空后面的“that second trip”可知，E项“我太喜欢这次乘船之旅因此第二年参加了野外生存旅行”符合语境。