2020版高考英语新设计大一轮译林版讲义：第一部分模块一Unit2

Unit 2　Growing pains



Ⅰ.单词语境记忆
1.on the scene 　　　在现场
2.an upset stomach 胃部不适
3.under the guidance of my brother 在我哥哥的指导下
4.insist on going there 坚持去那里
5.forbid the boy from visiting the web 禁止这个男孩上网
6.return to normal 恢复正常
7.tend to her sick mother 照看她生病的母亲
8.feel really annoyed 感到非常生气
9.ignore his own error 忽视他自己的错误
10.throw away garbage 扔掉垃圾
Ⅱ.词性转换与派生记忆
1.frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的，令人害怕的→frighten vt.使惊吓，使害怕
2.starve vi.挨饿；饿死vt.使挨饿→starvation n.饿死
3.explanation n.解释，说明→explain vt.& vi.解释，说明
4.defend vt.辩解，辩白；防御→defence/defense n.防御，答辩
5.argument n.争吵，辩论；论点，论据→argue vi.争吵
6.harm vt.& n.伤害→harmful adj.伤害的→harmless adj.无害的
7.patience n.耐心→patient adj.耐心的
8.distant adj.不友好的，冷淡的；遥远的→distance n.冷淡；遥远
9.confused adj.困惑的，不解的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑，混淆；混乱→confusion n.困惑，混淆；混乱
10.limit n.限制；极限；界限vt.限制→limited adj.有限的
11.balance v.& n.平衡；抵消→balanced adj.平衡的
12.behavior n.行为，举止→behave v.表现；检点
13.emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.突发的，紧急的
14.fool n.傻子→foolish adj.愚蠢的
15.challenge n.& vt.挑战→challenging adj.具有挑战性的
『联想记忆』
1.“青少年”系列说法
①teenager n.　　青少年
②youth n. 青少年，青年
③adolescent n. 青少年
④youngster n. 少年
⑤junior n. 年少者，晚辈
2.后缀“-dom”名词集锦
①wisdom 智慧
②freedom 自由
③kingdom 王国
④filmdom 电影界
3.“n.＋-ish”形容词大集合
①selfish 自私的
②foolish 愚蠢的
③childish 孩子气的
④bookish 好读书的
⑤girlish 少女似的
⑥boyish 男孩似的
4.快速记忆“词中词”
①serve→deserve v. 值得
②ant→distant adj. 遥远的
③have→behave v. 表现
④arm→harm vt.& n. 伤害
⑤plain→explain v. 解释
⑥star→starve v. 挨饿
⑦end→tend v. 趋向
5.“容忍”表达集锦
①tolerate vt. 忍受，容忍
②bear vt. 忍受
③stand vt. 忍受
④put up with 忍受，容忍

1.It’s certain that we need to put up a curtain.我们肯定需要挂一个窗帘。
2.He sighed to us that he had to sign his name on the unreasonable contract.
他向我们叹息说他不得不在这个不合理的合约上签字。
3.It’s hard to imagine that she is so hard on her son who studies hard enough.
很难想象她的儿子学习非常努力，她却对他如此严厉。
4.All the handles of the house are broken，and it’s hard to handle the problem.
这个屋子的所有把手都坏了，很难处理这个问题。

1.turn up　调高(音量)；出现
2.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事
3.be supposed to 应当……，应该……
4.do with 处理，对付
5.be hard on 对……苛刻，对……严厉
6.stay up 不睡觉，熬夜
7.mix up 混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和
8.as if 好像
9.insist on 坚持，坚持认为
10.at present 现在；目前
11.along with 与……一起
12.instead of 代替，而不是
13.keep up with 赶上，跟上
14.in a mess 杂乱无章，一团糟
15.tend to do sth 倾向于做某事，易于做某事
16.take in 吸收；欺骗
17.let out 放出；泄露
18.be proud of 以……为自豪
『词块记忆』
1.a day earlier than expected比预期早一天
2.make good decisions做出正确的决定
3.deserve an explanation值得解释
4.ask for some guidance寻求指导
5.refuse to do his homework拒绝做作业
6.allow him his freedom给他自由
7.go out of control失控
8.go through great physical changes经历巨大的身体变化
9.in this regard在这一方面
10.struggle to depend on themselves努力依靠他们自己

1.And that we spent all of yesterday waiting there for him，and that is why we had no time to clean the house.
还有，我们昨天在诊所待了一整天等他，正因为如此，我们才没有时间打扫房子。
2.Maybe，but now that he has been so rude to us，I feel like we have to punish him or he won’t respect us.
也许吧，可是既然他对我们如此无礼，我觉得有必要惩罚他，要不然他会不尊重我们的。
3.Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.丹尼尔双臂交叉，看上去很不高兴。
4.Sometimes he acts as if he doesn’t love us at all.有时他表现得好像他根本就不爱我们。
5.The room is in a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.
房间一片狼藉，地上是比萨饼盒子，水槽中是脏兮兮的盘子。
6.Also，every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.
而且，每次我看DVD的时候，他就打发我上床睡觉或告诉我要多花些时间学习。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves (值得)another.(2018·北京高考完形)
2.Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle (应对)whatever is ahead of you for the day.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ七选五)
3.I can’t afford a lawyer so I shall defend (辩解) myself in court.
4.Tears poured down as she watched the sad scene (场景) of the play.
5.It was several days before the floodwater sank and life returned to normal (正常).
6.The hospital limits (限制) the number of visitors a patient can have.
7.When you are relaxed，your breathing tends (趋向) to be slow and gentle.
8.Lack of space forbids (禁止) listing the names of all those who contributed.
9.For them，getting rid of heavy physical (身体的) labour is a big thing.
10.“I can’t tolerate (容忍) your bad manners any longer，” said the man angrily.
Ⅱ.词性变化练习
1.The teacher gave a clear explanation (explain) on the use of the word.
2.We all know that a balanced (balance) diet is of great importance to our health.
3.When hearing the news that Typhoon was coming，many people felt frightened (frighten).
4.Just like a voyage at sea，our life journey，whose days are limited (limit)，is full of difficulties.
5.He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)
6.The most distant way in the world is not the distance across us，but it is when I sit near you，you don’t understand I love you.(distant)
7.He is a patient nurse indeed，but I warn you that you’d better not challenge his patience.(patient)
8.He defended his idea that each of us should refuse to buy foreign products in defence of our national industry.(defend)
Ⅲ.选词填空
stay up，turn up，be supposed to，do with，be hard on，insist on，along with，keep up with
1.He turned__up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ完形)
2.Billy was the youngest boy on the hike，but he could keep__up__with the others.
3.Her father has always been__hard__on her，so she is never late for school.
4.I want to stay__up tonight and watch the late movie on TV.
5.You are sure to achieve your dreams if you insist__on them and try your best.
6.He could properly do__with all kinds of situations because he has rich experience.
7.Several years ago，she came to this city along__with her elder sister.
8.The college years are__supposed__to be a time for important growth in autonomy and the development of adult identity.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.Tom overslept this morning.That__is__why he was late for work.
汤姆今天早上睡过头了，这就是他上班晚的原因。
2.They sat there in silence with__the__lights__on for nearly an hour.
他们默默地坐在那里，灯亮了近1个小时。
3.When he returned home，he found he had__his__wallet__stolen.
到家时，他发现钱包被偷了。
4.I couldn’t carry on with my life as__if__nothing__had__happened.
我不能像什么都没发生一样地生活下去。
5.Every__time__I__pass__the__school，I will think of my first English teacher.
每当我经过那所学校，我就想起我的第一个英语老师。

核心要点突破
1.tolerate vt.容忍；允许
(1)忍受/容忍(某人)做某事
(2)put up with＝tolerate 忍受，容忍
单句语法填空/一句多译
①The boy couldn’t tolerate other people’s smoking (smoke) in the room，so he went out.
这个男孩不能忍受别人在房间内吸烟，因此他出去了。
②我必须提醒你，学校绝不会容忍考试作弊。
→I must remind you that at no time will the school tolerate__cheating in the exam.
→I must remind you that at no time will the school bear/stand/put__up__with__cheating in the exam.
[佳句背诵] You’d better mind your table manners because they can’t tolerate your bad behavior.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
你最好注意你的餐桌礼仪，因为他们不会容忍你的坏行为。
2.scene n.(戏剧的)一场；现场；场面；景色
[一词多义] 写出下列句中scene的含义
①The last scene of the play was very moving.(戏剧的)一场
②Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)现场
③Seeing the scene of children playing together on the beach，I felt so happy.场面
④As we all know，the sunrise is a beautiful scene.景色
on the scene/spot　　　在现场；当场；在台上
behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中
appear/come on the scene 出场；登场
单句语法填空
⑤The students were able to go behind the scenes (scene) to see how programmes were made.
⑥On receiving the call，the police rushed to the scene，where a traffic accident happened.
[佳句背诵] They couldn’t wait to have a try for themselves on the scene.(2018·北京高考书面表达)
他们迫不及待地想现场亲自试一下。
[名师指津] scene有“场景；场面；地点”的含义，后接定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，一般用关系副词where或in which来引导。
3.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不高兴的，失望的vt.使不高兴，使失望；打乱，扰乱；打翻
(1)be upset about/over/at sth
　　　　　　　　　 为某事烦心/难过
be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安/难过
be upset that... ……让人不安
(2)upset oneself about sth 为某事而烦恼
It upsets sb to do sth/that...
让某人心烦的是……
单句语法填空/句型转换
①She was upset to__know (know) that her application for the position was refused.
②She was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.
→It__upset__her__that he had left without saying goodbye.
[佳句背诵] Life is too short，so don’t be upset by trifles any more.(湖北高考满分作文)
生命太短暂，所以不要再为小事而烦恼了。
[名师指津] (1)upset 为表语形容词，不能作定语。(2)upset的过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset；其现在分词形式为upsetting。
4.deserve vt.值得；应得；应受
(1)deserve to do sth　　应该做某事
deserve blame/punishment
该受责备/惩罚
(2)sth deserve doing＝sth deserve to be done
某事值得被做
deserve attention/consideration/sympathy/respect
值得注意/考虑/同情/尊重
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Su Bingtian deserved to__win (win) in the Asian Games because he had made enough preparations for the game.
②It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting.
→It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve to__be__respected.
[佳句背诵] That surely gave us a great sense of achievement，and it deserved much attention.(2018·北京高考书面表达)
这肯定会给我们一个巨大的成就感，而且值得很大的关注。
[名师指津] deserve doing是用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于deserve to be done，用法相同的单词还有need，want和require等。
5.insist vt.& vi.坚持；坚持认为；坚决要求
insist that...
insist on doing sth　　坚持做某事
单句语法填空
①On the contrary，the volunteers insist that they have__got (get) tired of the life on the earth.
②In conclusion，so long as you insist on doing so，you will reap a harvest.
[佳句背诵] I insisted you should keep your voice low and pleasant during the meal.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
我坚决要求你在吃饭时应当保持声音低而悦耳。
6.harm vt.& n.伤害
(1)cause/do harm to...　 　对……造成伤害/有害
there is no harm in doing sth 做某事没有害处
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to 对……有害
单句语法填空/一句多译
①Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer，which is very harmful (harm) to their health.
②众所周知，观看暴力电视节目真的对孩子有害。
→As we know，watching violence on TV really harms__children.(harm vt.)
→As we know，watching violence on TV really does__harm__to__children/does__children__harm.(harm n.)
→As we know，watching violence on TV is__really__harmful__to__children.(harmful)
[佳句背诵] There is no harm in paying much attention to table manners while eating with your friends.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
与朋友一起吃饭时，多注意餐桌礼仪没有坏处。
7.forbid (forbade，forbidden) vt.禁止，不准
(1)forbid doing sth　　　　禁止做某事
禁止某人做某事
(2)forbidden adj. 被禁止的；禁用的
单句语法填空/一句多译
①We should take measures to forbid returning (return) illegal cooking oil to dinner tables.
②禁止孩子们过度玩手机是他们父母的责任。
→It is their parents’ duty to forbid the children to__play mobile phones excessively.
→It is their parents’ duty to forbid__the__children__from__playing mobile phones excessively.
[佳句背诵] You are forbidden to take action by yourselves.(2017·浙江高考书面表达)
你们禁止独自采取行动。
[名师指津] forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb to do sth形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow，permit，advise等。
8.normal adj.正常的；一般的 n.通常标准；一般水平；常态
(1)It’s normal for sb to do sth　对某人来说做某事
是正常的
(2)above/below normal 标准以上/下
return/come back to normal 恢复正常/常态
单句语法填空
①It was several days before the flood water sank and life returned to normal.
[佳句背诵] It’s normal for you to adjust yourself to the life here in Beijing soon.(2018·北京高考书面表达)
对你来说很快适应北京的生活是正常的。
[名师指津] 辨析normal，ordinary，common，usual
normal
正常的，一般的。行为、特征符合常态、常规
ordinary
平凡的，普通的。符合一般标准，无出奇之处
common
常见的，共同的。具有全体人/事物共有的特征，因常见而显得平常
usual
通常的，惯常的。侧重说明行为的习惯性、经常性
选用上述单词填空
②Do you know the normal temperature of the human body?
③Yesterday morning，she came to the office as usual.
④Smith is a very common last name in England.
⑤We were dressed up for the party but she was still in her ordinary clothes.
9.tend vi.往往；趋向 vt.& vi.照看，护理
(1)tend to do sth　　　倾向于做某事，易于做某事
tend (to) sb/sth 照料，护理某人/某物
(2)tendency n. 倾向，趋势
have a tendency to do sth
倾向于做某事
完成句子/一句多译
①A team of medical workers were sent to__tend__(to)__the__survivors of the earthquake.
一队医护人员被派去照料地震中的幸存者。
②据报道房价在某些城市有下降的趋势。
→It is reported that housing prices tend to__decrease (decrease) in some cities.
→It is reported that housing prices have a tendency (tend) to decrease in some cities.
[佳句背诵] After the new gymnasium was built，the students tended to take more exercise.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
新体育场建成后，学生们倾向于参加更多的运动。
10.limit n.& vt.限制；极限；界限
(1)limit...to...　　　把……限制在……内
be limited to... 受限制于……
(2)beyond the limit 超过限度
set a limit to 限制……
(3)limited adj. 有限的
limitless 无限制的
单句语法填空/英译汉
①In a knowledge era，lifelong learning is not limited to a traditional classroom.
②I am convinced that you will go beyond the limit and beyond yourself.
我相信你将超越极限，超越自己。
[佳句背诵] You’d better make some preparations because your Chinese is limited.(2018·北京高考书面表达)
因为你的汉语水平有限，你最好做些准备。
11.balance vt.& vi.& n.平衡；抵消
(1)keep/lose/break one’s balance
　　　　　　　　　　　保持/失去/打破平衡
(2)balance...against 权衡……与……
(3)balanced adj. 保持平衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡
单句语法填空
①You’d better keep a balanced (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.
②You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.
[佳句背诵] You should balance your strengths and weaknesses when applying for a university.(2018·北京高考书面表达)
当你申请一所大学的时候，你应该平衡你的优缺点。
12.be supposed to 应该……，应当……，被认为……
(1)be supposed to do...　应该做某事
be supposed to have done...
＝should have done
＝ought to have done 本应该做某事(实际未做)
be supposed to be... 被认为是……
(2)suppose/supposing (that)
假定/假如……
单句语法填空/一句多译
①Supposing/Suppose (suppose) that there was an earthquake，what would be the right way to escape?
②你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。
→You were__supposed__to__have__handed__in your homework yesterday.(suppose)
→You should__have__handed__in your homework yesterday.(should)
→You ought__to__have__handed__in your homework yesterday.(ought)
[佳句背诵] You’re supposed to pay attention to the table manners while eating.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
当你吃饭的时候要注意餐桌礼仪。
13.stay up 不睡觉，熬夜
take up　　　拿起；占用；开始从事
pick up 捡起；偶然学会；收听；(用车)接人
use up 用完，花光
build up 建立，增强
选用上述短语填空
①All students have two PE classes a week and run for 20 minutes every day to build__up their body.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
②Then I got to the point where I was staying__up really late at night to get my work done.(2018·浙江高考完形)
③Smartphones not only take__up our valuable time，but also do great harm to our health.
14.along with 与……一起，除了……以外(还)
(1)along with表示“除了……以外(还)”时相当于besides/in addition to
(2)along with (＝together with) 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与它前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。类似用法的还有：as well as，with，but，rather than，except等
完成句子
Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming，is__regarded__as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
如今，与慢跑和游泳一样，骑自行车被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。
[佳句背诵] Along with/Besides/In addition to your wonderful innovation，you need to hand in a report.(辽宁高考书面表达)
除了你很棒的创意之外，你还需要上交一篇报告。
15.have sth done
Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.(教材原句)
丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。
(1)句中has his arms crossed是have sth done 结构，该结构有两种含义：
·主语，让别人做某事，相当于get sth done
·主语，遭遇到某种不幸
①He had his car repaired soon after the accident.
事故后不久他就找人把车修理了。
②Many people had their houses damaged (damage) in the earthquake.
(2)have的其他常用句型结构：
have sb do sth　　　　让某人做某事
have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事
can’t/won’t have sb doing sth
不能容忍/允许某人做某事
have sth to do 有某事要做
③His boss would have him work on weekends if he lost the document.
如果他丢了文件老板会让他周末加班。
④Our teachers won’t have us carrying (carry)mobile phones to school.
⑤I’m sorry I can’t go with you.I have some clothes to__wash (wash).
16.as if/though 表示 “似乎，好像”
Sometimes he acts as if he doesn’t love us at all.(教材原句)
有时他表现得好像他根本就不爱我们。
as if (＝as though) “似乎，好像”，在本句中引导方式状语从句，它也可用在look，seem，sound 等系动词后引导表语从句。
as if/though所引导的从句中的语气及时态：
as if/though
①The room looks as if/though it isn’t huge enough to contain so many books and magazines.
这房间看起来好像不够大，容纳不下这么多书籍和杂志。
②He pretends as if he__didn’t__know__the__thing.In fact he knows it very well.
他装着好像不知道此事。事实上他对此事一清二楚。
③Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had__done (do) something very clever.
④Tom stopped as though/if he was to see what had happened.
→Tom stopped as though/if to__see (see)what had happened.
[名师指津] 如果as if从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样就出现“as if＋名词/不定式/形容词(短语)/介词短语/分词”结构。
17.each time 表示“每次”，引导时间状语从句。
Also，every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.(教材原句)
还有，每次我看DVD，他就催着我上床睡觉，要么就是教导我要多花些时间学习。
句中every time＝each time是名词短语，它相当于连词，引导时间状语从句。有类似用法的词语还有：
the first time　　　第一次……时
(the) next time 下次……时
any time 任何时候
the last time 上次……时
①Every/Each time I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading newspapers.
每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报纸。
②Next__time__you__come，remember to bring along your sister.
下次你来时，记着把你妹妹一块带来。
[名师指津] the first time 表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。for the first time 表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。
③He became interested in the young teacher’s lesson the__first__time he attended his class.He was so excited in class for__the__first__time.
他第一次上课时就对这位年轻老师的课感兴趣。他第一次上课这么兴奋。
考纲词汇专练
Ⅰ.多义词专练——选择语境中词汇的含义
1.last
A.adv.最近，上次　B.v.持续　C.v.够用　D.n.最后的人或事物　E.adj.最不可能/合适的
①Frozen bananas will last several weeks，depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B)B
②When I last saw her，she was working in New York.A
③He was too slow and the last to reach the top of the mountain.D
④The last thing we wanted was for the newspapers to find out what was going on.E
⑤The water supply should last another 48 hours，otherwise we would face the risk of death.C
2.balance
A.n.平衡　B.n.天平　C.v.(使)保持平衡　D.v.权衡，斟酌，比较
①He had the rare balance of fun and compassion.
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ完形)A
②He turned around，balancing awkwardly on one foot.C
③We balanced the profit and loss to see what had been gained.D
④They are weighing the leather in the balance.B
Ⅱ.微阅读——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1.Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift.(2018·天津高考阅读A)紧急情况
2.However，here are some examples: being cut off in traffic，a deadline approaching，experiencing physical pain，and much more.(2018·北京高考阅读七选五)
身体的
3.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.
(全国卷Ⅱ阅读七选五)智慧
Ⅲ.微完形——根据语境选出正确选项
1.The little girl was so __①__ at the snake that she burst out crying.It was a __②__ for her to handle the situation.
①A.annoyed B.frightened
C.confused D.worried
②A.challenge 　B.fault C.guidance D.freedom
答案　①B　②A
2.The boy begged his mother to buy a toy car，but he was refused.Finally he lost his __①__ and started to yell at his mother.However，we all consider it was a bad __②__ for him to do so.
①A.argument B.explanation
C.wisdom D.patience
②A.scene B.behavior
C.emergency D.harm
答案　①D　②B

Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式——热考常考
1.Her behavior (behave) towards me shows that she does not like me.
2.The boy often stays up playing computer games in the net bar.
3.She can’t wait to__hug (hug) her son every time she gets home from work.
4.With production up by 60%，the company has had another excellent year.
5.You should spend more money in buying good food and keeping a balanced (balance) diet.
6.Jenny hopes that she will have her written English improved (improve) in a short period.
7.If you’re confused (confuse) about anything，you can phone my office.
8.Daniel thought his parents were hard on him because they shouted at him before he could explain.
9.The doctor said she had a fever and that her temperature was well above normal.
10.I’ve made great progress in my English under the teacher’s guidance (guide).
Ⅱ.用所给词的正确形式填空——不规则变化
1.In Japan the proper gift is thought (think) to express the giver’s true friendship.
2.For one of the few times in my life，I really had nothing left (leave) to say.
3.He found a coin and bent (bend) over to pick it up.
4.She took one look at the horse and her heart sank (sink).
5.It is high time that we forbade (forbid) setting off fireworks in urban areas.
Ⅲ.改正下列句子中的唯一错误——易错易混
1.Lucy had her purse pick in the bus yesterday.pick→picked
2.We lose a few skin cells at every time we wash our hands.去掉at
3.The policewoman took care of the baby that had lost its parents as if it was her own.was→were
4.My wife didn’t realize that eating too much sugar was harmful for health.for→to
5.My mother encouraged me and insisted that I continued my education.continued→continue
6.She along with her younger brother were admitted to Beijing University last year.were→was
Ⅳ.根据语境判断加黑词的正确含义——熟词生义
A.常态　B.余额　C.能经受(困难条件)　D.平衡
1.It seems that these ants can tolerate temperatures which would kill other species.C
2.Things will not get back to normal soon after the earthquake.A
3.My bank balance is not very large because I bought a new car last week.B


Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
“You’ll be blind by the time you’re twenty-five，”a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted.“Your blood sugars are much too high.”It consumed me.No matter where I was or what I was doing，it was overhead like a dark cloud，waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.

I liked painting.Losing myself in painting filled me with peace.Painting provided me with the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.
When I was twenty-one，my right eye went blind.Precisely three months after my twenty-fifth birthday，I had a massive hemorrhage(大出血) in my left eye because of an accident.For the next twenty years，vision came and went.I went through many eye operations in an attempt to keep my vision.But after one final operation，I lost the battle and all remaining vision.And I buried all dreams of painting.
Desperate，I enrolled in(注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的).I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software.A whole new world opened up to me through this program.
“Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind，”my instructor told me.“You can use the Internet，E-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features.”It’s amazing！Hope went up for the first time in years.“By learning how to use hot keys to control the mouse，you can use Microsoft Access，Excel and Powerpoint，”my instructor added.
For the next several years，I learned that when one door closes，another door opens.There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology.Not only do I have a speaking computer，but I have a speaking watch，alarm clock，and calculator.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历告诉我们：面对人生困境时不要悲伤，天无绝人之路，我们一定会找到新的出路。
1.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A.The right opportunity.
B.The children’s hospital.
C.Consuming too much sugar.
D.Losing my sight in the future.
答案　D　[代词指代题。结合画线词前面医生的话You’ll be blind和画线词后面的like a dark cloud，waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world可以推知，it指代医生所说的“你会失明”。]
2.What happened when the author was 25 years old?
A.He gave up painting.
B.He went blind completely.
C.He injured one of his eyes.
D.He picked up a new hobby.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的Precisely three months after...because of an accident可知，25岁时，作者的左眼在一场事故中受伤大出血。]
3.What brought a turning point to the author?
A.A special course.
B.A meaningful event.
C.An inspiring speech.
D.An important interview.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的I enrolled in...through this program可知，作者在彻底丧失视力之后，参加了一个针对视力障碍者的课程，这个课程给作者开辟了一个全新的世界。]
4.What does the author intend to tell us?
A.No pain，no gain.
B.Every man has his price.
C.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
D.Be optimistic in the face of life’s difficulties.
答案　D　[主旨大意题。根据作者的经历和最后一段中的when one door closes，another door opens可知，作者想通过这篇文章告诉大家，一定要乐观面对困境。]
B
I was selfish as a teenager.I usually spent my time thinking about myself and taking care of my own needs.I let my older brother do most of the work around the house until he left for college.I let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems while I read books, played, and lost myself in my own imagination.This didn’t change even when I went to college either.I studied hard but only to make my own life better.Even when I started to explore my faith, it was only to increase my own happiness.
I married after graduation and decided to start a family.Of course, I had no idea what hard knocks reality had in store for my selfish soul.Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way.I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people.In fact, all of the struggles I was going through were beating the selfishness slowly out of me.
Still, I didn’t give up on happiness.I knew that there must be a way to find it.I finally realized, however, that it had to include more than just my own needs, wants, and desires.The answer began to make itself clear one night shortly after my baby boy was born.I got a bottle and held him in my arms.As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes.I smiled and talked to him.Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love.I felt such peace and joy.At that moment I had a hint of the truth: it is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.
Carolyn Arends wrote：“The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets.The more love you get, the more love you have to give.It just keeps growing.” So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring.Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述作者由一个自私的人成长为一个心中对他人有爱的人，也明白了“爱他人即幸福”的道理的经历。
5.What do we know about the author from the first paragraph?
A.He often helped his brother with housework.
B.He studied hard for his family.
C.He put his own needs above others’.
D.He was concerned about his family.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“let my older brother do most of the work”“let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems”“This didn’t change even when I went to college either”“I studied hard but only to make my own life better”和“it was only to increase my own happiness”的描述可推知，作者在青少年时期较为自私，行为处事总是只考虑自己，几乎不为家人考虑，即他把自己的需要放在别人的需要之上。故选C项。]
6.What did the author realize after he suffered in life?
A.Spoiled people can’t survive the hardship of life.
B.Life is cruel to spoiled people.
C.Spoiled people are never happy in life.
D.Selfishness is helpful.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Soon I found myself...for spoiled people”可知，作者在经历了人生的失意后，终于发现生活对被宠坏的人是残酷的。]
7.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.The author loved kids.
B.The author often fed his baby.
C.The author realized the importance of happiness.
D.When caring for his baby, the author got inspired.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As I was feeding him...we find our happiness”可推知，作者在照料孩子的过程中领悟到了通往幸福的途径。]
8.Which can be the best title of the passage?
A.Loving Others, a Way to Happiness
B.The Elder One Grows, the More He Gets
C.Help Others, Help Oneself
D.Keep Growing to Live a Happy Life
答案　A　[标题判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘The more people...today，tomorrow, and always”的描述可推知，这篇文章的主旨是“爱他人即幸福”。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
I was driving my car the other day.The radio was playing，and I was __1__ along.The song was a __2__ one and even my weak voice sounded good.Then something bad __3__，however.The sweet sound of the music ended and was __4__ with the alarming news break.
I drove on while the __5__ said prices were going higher again because of the __6__ speculation(投机) on Wall Street.The race for the Presidency was getting worse.Violence __7__ when fans of a sports team went wild，__8__ their favorite team’s championship.
Finally，I could __9__ no more and turned off the radio.Silence seemed __10__ to listening to anything else about the crazy，competitive society we live in.I slowed down as I entered a local town and __11__ the people.
__12__ a smiling woman was throwing birdseed into her backyard，a dozen birds flew down to enjoy the __13__ being laid out before them.A young man was __14__ his little daughter safely in his arms.He tickled (胳肢) her __15__ when she pulled the hat off his head and they both laughed.I laughed too as I looked at all of this __16__.Although in my car the radio was __17__，in my heart I was still singing.
__18__，this world could use a little more kindness and a lot less competition.Kindness makes us all __19__ in this life.Your only competition is with __20__：to be the best possible you that you can be.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的一次见闻受到这样的启发：我们应该多一些友善，少一些竞争，以超越自己为目标，成为更好的自己。
1.A.singing B.dancing
C.listening D.running
答案　A　[根据上文中的“The radio was playing”和下文中的“even my weak voice sounded good”可知，作者跟着音乐唱(singing)了起来。]
2.A.serious B.joyful
C.sorrowful D.popular
答案　B　[根据下文中的“even my weak voice sounded good”和“The sweet sound of the music”可知，歌曲令人感到愉悦(joyful)。serious“严肃的”；sorrowful“悲伤的”；popular“流行的”。]
3.A.disappeared B.struck
C.occurred D.continued
答案　C　[根据“The sweet sound of the music...the alarming news break”可知，不好的事情发生(occurred)了。disappear“消失”；strike“袭击”；continue“继续”。]
4.A.disturbed B.combined
C.compared D.replaced
答案　D　[根据空前的“The sweet sound of the music ended”和空后的“alarming news break”可知，令作者感到愉快的歌曲被替换成了令人惊恐的新闻，故此处应用replaced。be replaced with...“被……替换，更换”。]
5.A.speaker B.announcer
C.singer D.programmer
答案　B　[作者在听收音机，故此处应用announcer“(广播、电视的)广播员，播音员，节目主持人”。speaker“演讲者”；singer“歌手”；programmer“程序设计员”。]
6.A.creative B.representative
C.competitive D.positive
答案　C　[根据上文中的“alarming news break”以及空后一句“The race for the Presidency was getting worse”可判断，competitive“竞争的”符合语境。最后一段作者感悟时提及的competition也是提示。creative“创新性的”；representative“典型的，有代表性的”；positive“积极的”。]
7.A.broke out B.broke down
C.broke in D.broke up
答案　A　[表示战争、火灾、暴力等不愉快事件的爆发，应用break out。break down“(机器)出故障，(健康等)变得衰弱”；break in“破门而入，打断”；break up“打碎，破碎”。]
8.A.congratulating B.celebrating
C.defending D.promoting
答案　B　[此处表示粉丝在庆祝(celebrating)最喜欢的运动队伍获得冠军。congratulate“祝贺”；defend“保护”；promote“促进”。]
9.A.ignore B.escape
C.share D.take
答案　D　[根据作者关掉了收音机可知，作者再也无法忍受(take)了。]
10.A.comfortable B.appropriate
C.preferable D.pleasant
答案　C　[此刻的宁静比听任何与这个疯狂的、竞争性强的社会有关的新闻要好多了。根据语境以及listening前的to可判断答案为preferable。be preferable to...“比……更好”是固定短语。comfortable“舒适的”；appropriate“适当的”；pleasant“令人愉快的”。]
11.A.sought B.appreciated
C.visited D.watched
答案　D　[根据下文所描述的内容可知，作者观察(watched)过往的行人。seek“寻找”，强调动作；appreciate“欣赏，感激”；visit“拜访”。]
12.A.While B.Until
C.Before D.After
答案　A　[根据语境可知，妇人往后院撒鸟食时，许多鸟飞了下来，故用While表“正值……之时(表示一件事是在另一件事发生过程中的某个时间发生的)”。]
13.A.smile B.service
C.feast D.attraction
答案　C　[妇人给鸟抛撒的鸟食，对于这些鸟来说，当然是一顿盛宴(feast)了。]
14.A.carrying B.tying
C.placing D.dragging
答案　A　[carry/hold...in one’s arms是习惯搭配，表示“将……抱在怀里”。]
15.A.angrily B.gently
C.terribly D.firmly
答案　B　[父亲对幼小的女儿应该充满慈爱之情，当女儿把他的帽子从头上拉下来时，父亲应温柔地(gently)胳肢女儿。angrily“生气地”；terribly“可怕地”；firmly“坚定地”。]
16.A.love B.mess
C.kindness D.phenomenon
答案　C　[根据上文描述的场景和下一段中的“a little more kindness”可判断选kindness。]
17.A.down B.on
C.out D.off
答案　D　[尽管车里的收音机被作者关了，但是作者仍然在心中唱着之前播放的歌曲。根据上文提到作者关掉了收音机可知，应选off。]
18.A.In truth B.In theory
C.In brief D.In turn
答案　A　[事实上，这个世界可以多一些善意，少一些竞争。in truth“事实上”；in theory“理论上”；in brief“简言之”；in turn“反过来，转而”。]
19.A.winners B.leaders
C.fighters D.learners
答案　A　[友善让我们每个人都是生活中的赢家(winners)。根据下文描述的我们唯一的竞争对手是我们自己，我们要尽可能地做最好的自己，友善地面对人生，成为人生的赢家。]
20.A.society B.yourself
C.oneself D.others
答案　B　[本空是全文的主旨所在，也是本文的升华之处，下文中的“to be the best possible you that you can be”暗示此处表示你唯一的竞争对象就是你自己，故选yourself。]

Ⅰ.语法填空
Since childhood，I 1.________ (see) action movies starring Bruce Lee and Jackie Chen，and I was always curious to learn the martial arts(武术).2.________ there is China，there is kung fu.Once I arrived in China，my dream was 3.________(learn) tai chi and kung fu and master the techniques of martial arts.
After my arrival on campus on the first day，I went for a walk in the early morning.I saw some older people 4.________ (practise) tai chi slowly.I stopped and watched their movements closely.It attracted me，and the very next day at registration time，I rushed to the teacher’s office to choose tai chi as my 5.________(option) course.The following week I was on the grounds early in the morning with my classmates.The teacher told us that tai chi 6.________(favor) for its health benefits.The movement of the body is related 7.________ the yin and yang forces.
The main 8.________ (rule) that the teacher taught us were attitude，discipline(自律) and balance.I was taking every bit of the training 9.________ (serious) and trying to maintain my balance，which was a difficult job.However，as the teacher puts 10.________，our attitude，our willingness and our action will make the impossible possible.And I will do.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述的是自己到中国实现自己儿时学习中国功夫的梦想。
1.have seen　[自孩提时代，“我”一直看李小龙和成龙主演的功夫片。since引出的时间状语常与现在完成时连用。]
2.Where　[本句话其实改编自谚语Where there is a will，there is a way(有志者事竟成)。]
3.to learn　[分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，不定式和动名词都可以作表语，但是根据后面的“and master”可知，and连接并列的非谓语动词作表语，master前省略了to，故本空应用不定式。]
4.practising　[“我”看见一些老年人正在慢慢地练太极。本句含有“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾语some older people与practise是主动关系，且根据后面的“I stopped and watched their movements closely”可知，宾补动作正在发生，故用practise的现在分词形式。]
5.optional　[“我”选择太极作为选修课。空处作定语，修饰名词course，故用形容词optional“可选择的，非强制的”。]
6.is favored　[tai chi与favor“偏爱，喜爱”是被动关系，故此处用被动语态。虽然主句用了一般过去时，但是根据语境可知，宾语从句描述的是客观事实，故从句用一般现在时。下一句的时态也是暗示。]
7.to　[be related to...“与……有关”，是固定搭配，故填介词to。]
8.rules　[老师教给我们的主要规则是态度、自律和平衡。空处显然要填名词，但是部分考生一看到前面的“The main”，就以为空处要填单数名词，却忽略了后面的谓语动词是were，所以主语要用名词的复数。]
9.seriously　[修饰动词用副词，take...seriously“认真对待……”。]
10.it　[as sb puts it是常用句型，意为“正如某人所说的一样”。]
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2019·太原模拟)Kids exercise all the time without even think of it.Just being active，like when you run around at outside or play basketball at school，is type of exercise.Playing sports，dancing and doing push-ups also counts as exercise.These helped you build your strength.By using your muscles to do powerful things，you can make them strong than before.For teens and adult，this kind of workout can make muscles bigger，either.When you exercise，you’re building a strong body what will be able to move around and do all the stuff you need to do.Try to do more physically exercise every day and your body will thank you later.
答案　
Kids exercise all the time without even of it.Just being active，like when you run around outside or play basketball at school，is type of exercise.Playing sports，dancing and doing push-ups also as exercise.These you build your strength.By using your muscles to do powerful things，you can make them than before.For teens and ，this kind of workout can make muscles bigger，.When you exercise，you’re building a strong body will be able to move around and do all the stuff you need to do.Try to do more exercise every day and your body will thank you later.
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2019·东北三校联考)假设你叫李华，你的澳洲朋友Devin参加汉语水平考试(HSK)未能通过。请你写一封信，安慰一下你的朋友。内容包括：
1.对考试失利的安慰；
2.对汉语学习提出建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Devin，
I am sorry to hear that you failed to pass HSK.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear__Devin，
I__am__sorry__to__hear__that__you__failed__to__pass__HSK. I hope that the unexpected failure will not let you down，for I have still been amazed by the excellent Chinese you spoke when we first met.
As we know，language learning is never an easy task，but needs painstaking efforts and patience.Personally，I think you’d better pay close attention to the formal use of Chinese words and expressions，which really count.Meanwhile，you may as well watch more Chinese materials as much as you can afford.More importantly，you should learn from the mistakes that you have made.Anyhow，you’ve already made great progress in your learning of Chinese.A good luck next time.
Sincerely__yours，
Li__Hua